PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
ASK {
  ?pub dc:title ?title .
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?title ) , "an fptas for quickest multicommodity flows with inflow-dependent transit times" ) ) ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/80/2691> .
}

Martin Skutella has not published the paper titled 'An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times' according to the dblp knowledge graph.

Has Martin Skutella not not published the paper 'An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times'?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Has Martin Skutella not not published the paper 'An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times'?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the entities and properties involved in the question.
- Author: Martin Skutella
- Paper title: "An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times"
- Property: authoredBy (to check if the paper is authored by Martin Skutella)

Step 2: Search for the author entity for "Martin Skutella" in dblp.
I will search for the entity corresponding to the author "Martin Skutella" to use it in the query.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Martin Skutella, also known as Martin Skutella (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/2691>)
2. Quentin Louveaux and Martin Skutella: Preface. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/mp/LouveauxS18>)
3. Christos Kaklamanis and Martin Skutella: Preface. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tcs/KaklamanisS11>)
4. Martin Skutella: Convex Quadratic Programming in Scheduling. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/15/Skutella15>)
5. Martin, also known as Martin (<https://dblp.org/pid/232/3822>)
6. Martin Martinez-Salvador, also known as Martin Martinez-Salvador (<https://dblp.org/pid/216/0725>)
7. Martin Martinez, also known as Martin Martinez (<https://dblp.org/pid/144/4889>)
8. Martin Martinelli, also known as Martin Martinelli (<https://dblp.org/pid/308/4205>)
9. Martín Martín-González, also known as Martín Martín-González (<https://dblp.org/pid/174/6870>)
10. Martin Vetterli, also known as Martin Vetterli (<https://dblp.org/pid/v/MVetterli>)

[Assistant]
I found the entity for the author "Martin Skutella" as <https://dblp.org/pid/80/2691>.

Step 3: Now I will check if there is a publication with the title "An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times" authored by Martin Skutella. I will query publications with this title and check if Martin Skutella is an author.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
No publication with the exact title "An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times" authored by Martin Skutella was found in dblp.

Step 4: To be sure, I will check if there is any publication with that title regardless of the author. Then I will check the authors of that publication.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
No publication with the title "An FPTAS for Quickest Multicommodity Flows with Inflow-Dependent Transit Times" was found in dblp at all.

Step 5: Since the paper is not found in dblp, it means Martin Skutella has not published this paper in dblp.

I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
SELECT ?pub ?title ?year WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/96/277> .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dc:title ?title
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:title ?title
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year
  }
  FILTER ( ?year = "2001" ^^ xsd:gYear )
}
LIMIT 10

Yes, Barbara Von Eckardt did publish in 2001. One of her publications from that year is titled "Multidisciplinarity and cognitive science."

Didn't Eckardt, Barbara Von not publish in 2001?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Didn't Eckardt, Barbara Von not publish in 2001?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the entity "Eckardt, Barbara Von" in the dblp knowledge graph to get her author IRI or confirm her name representation.

Step 2: Query for publications authored by "Eckardt, Barbara Von" and check if any of them have the year of publication 2001.

I will start by searching for the author entity for "Eckardt, Barbara Von" in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Barbara Von Eckardt, also known as Barbara Von Eckardt (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/277>)
2. Barbara Von Eckardt: Multidiscip...ty and cognitive science. (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cogsci/Eckardt01>)
3. Barbara von Wahlde, also known as Barbara von Wahlde (<https://dblp.org/pid/25/3470>)
4. Barbara von Ungern-Sternberg, also known as Barbara von Ungern-Sternberg (<https://dblp.org/pid/212/3070>)
5. Barbara von Rechbach, also known as Barbara von Rechbach (<https://dblp.org/pid/210/6423>)
6. Barbara von Hindenburg, also known as Barbara von Hindenburg (<https://dblp.org/pid/318/5947>)
7. Barbara von Halle, also known as Barbara von Halle (<https://dblp.org/pid/19/2063>)
8. Barbara Kirchberg-Lennartz: Prüfbarkeit von EDV-Systemen. (1991) (<https://dblp.org/rec/phd/dnb/Kirchberg-Lennartz91>)
9. Barbara Janusz: Modellbasierte R...on von Geschäftsprozessen (1998) (<https://dblp.org/rec/phd/basesearch/Janusz98>)
10. Barbara Liskov, also known as Barbara Liskov (<https://dblp.org/pid/l/BarbaraLiskov>)

[Assistant] I found an author entity for Barbara Von Eckardt with the IRI <https://dblp.org/pid/96/277>. Now I will query for publications authored by this author and check if any were published in 2001.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| pub                                                                                | title                                      | year             |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ---------------- |
| Barbara Von Eckardt: Multidiscip...ty and cognitive science. (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cogsci/Eckardt01>) | Multidisciplinarity and cognitive science. | 2001 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
SELECT ?author ?authorName WHERE {
  <https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/KanzAABBBBBCCDEFGDHKLLLMMNSSSTTVWZA05> dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author foaf:name ?authorName .
  }
}

Got 32 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                   | authorName |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- |
| Katerina Tzouvara (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/5490>)       |            |
| Tamara Kulikova (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/2806>)         |            |
| Matias Castro (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3693>)           |            |
| Michelle McHale (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/3076>)         |            |
| Alexandra van den Broek (<https://dblp.org/pid/18/3578>) |            |
| ...                                                      | ...        |
| Alastair Baldwin (<https://dblp.org/pid/66/1198>)        |            |
| Federico Garcia Diez (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/6957>)    |            |
| Vincent Lombard (<https://dblp.org/pid/76/5226>)         |            |
| Nicola Harte (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/1086>)            |            |
| Rolf Apweiler (<https://dblp.org/pid/87/4317>)           |            |

The authors of the paper 'The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database' (2005) are multiple, including Katerina Tzouvara, Tamara Kulikova, Matias Castro, Michelle McHale, Alexandra van den Broek, Alastair Baldwin, Federico Garcia Diez, Vincent Lombard, Nicola Harte, and Rolf Apweiler among others. However, the dblp knowledge graph does not provide affiliation information for these authors.

Who are the authors of the paper 'The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database' and what are their affiliations?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who are the authors of the paper 'The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database' and what are their affiliations?

[Assistant]
To answer the question, I need to find the publication titled "The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database" in the dblp knowledge graph. Then, I will retrieve the authors of this publication. After that, I will check if the authors have any affiliation information available in the knowledge graph.

Step 1: Search for the publication entity with the title "The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Carola Kanz et al.: The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/KanzAABBBBBCCDEFGDHKLLLMMNSSSTTVWZA05>)
2. Tamara Kulikova et al.: The EMBL...eotide Sequence Database. (2004) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/KulikovaAABBBBCDEFGHKLLLLMMNSSSTTVWZA04>)
3. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...eotide Sequence Database. (2002) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserBBCGKKLLLLRSTTV03>)
4. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...eotide sequence database. (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserBBCGKKLLPRSST01>)
5. Wendy Baker et al.: The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/BakerBCHSST00>)
6. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...eotide sequence database. (1998) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserMSMGS98>)
7. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...eotide Sequence Database. (1997) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserSTSC97>)
8. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...eotide Sequence Database. (1999) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserTLS99>)
9. Guenter Stoesser et al.: The EMB...: major new developments. (2003) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/StoesserBBGKKLLLLMNSTTV03>)
10. Tamara Kulikova et al.: EMBL Nuc...equence Database in 2006. (2007) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nar/KulikovaAAAABBBBBCCDEFHKLLLLLLMMNPPSSVWZA07>)

[Assistant] I found multiple publications with the title "The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database" or similar. The most relevant one seems to be the 2005 publication by Carola Kanz et al. I will now retrieve the authors of this publication and check for their affiliations if available.

[Tool]
Got 32 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                   | authorName | affiliation |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| Katerina Tzouvara (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/5490>)       |            |             |
| Tamara Kulikova (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/2806>)         |            |             |
| Matias Castro (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3693>)           |            |             |
| Michelle McHale (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/3076>)         |            |             |
| Alexandra van den Broek (<https://dblp.org/pid/18/3578>) |            |             |
| ...                                                      | ...        | ...         |
| Alastair Baldwin (<https://dblp.org/pid/66/1198>)        |            |             |
| Federico Garcia Diez (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/6957>)    |            |             |
| Vincent Lombard (<https://dblp.org/pid/76/5226>)         |            |             |
| Nicola Harte (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/1086>)            |            |             |
| Rolf Apweiler (<https://dblp.org/pid/87/4317>)           |            |             |

[Assistant]
The publication "The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database" (2005) by Carola Kanz et al. has multiple authors, but the dblp knowledge graph does not provide affiliation information for these authors. I retrieved the author IRIs but no affiliations were found.

I will now provide the list of authors for this publication as the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
SELECT ?author ?authorName ?year WHERE {
  VALUES ?author {
    <https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143> <https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345> <https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261> <https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author foaf:name ?authorName
  }
  .
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year
}
ORDER BY ?author ?year

Got 832 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                     | authorName | year             |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ---------------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            | 1994 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            | 1994 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            | 1995 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                        | ...        | ...              |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            | 2023 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            | 2023 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            | 2024 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            | 2024 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            | 2025 (xsd:gYear) |

The earliest year of publication for the authors of the paper 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' are: Zheng Li - 1994, Yilin Yuan - 2017, Jianbiao Zhang - 2018, and Wanshan Xu - 2018.

Find the year in which the first papers of the authors of 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' were published.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Find the year in which the first papers of the authors of 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' were published.

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to perform the following steps:

1. Identify the publication entity for the paper titled "Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system."
2. Retrieve the authors of this publication.
3. For each author, find the earliest year of publication of their papers.

I will start by searching for the publication entity using the title of the paper.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>)
2. T. Subha and S. Jayashri: Public...urity in Cloud Computing. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jise/SubhaJ17>)
3. S. Anbuchelian et al.: Efficient...ng data storage in cloud. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cluster/AnbuchelianSR19>)
4. Xia'nan Zhao and Dongsheng Wang:... in Mobile Cloud Storage. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ieeesec/ZhaoW22>)
5. Hemalata A. Gosavi and Manish R....urity in Cloud Computing. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/GosaviU14>)
6. Guangyang Yang et al.: Enabling ...privacy and traceability. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jss/YangYSSFH16>)
7. Xiaojun Zhang et al.: Conditiona...or Cloud Storage Systems. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tnsm/ZhangWGXT22>)
8. Hongyu Liu et al.: Insecurity of...e for Cloud Data Storage. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jucs/LiuCDP15>)
9. Syam Kumar Pasupuleti: Privacy-P...n Exact Regenerated Code. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ijcac/Pasupuleti19>)
10. Vasudev Chakka et al.: Efficient...gnature in Cloud Storage. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/IEEEants/ChakkaPSABPP23>)

[Assistant]
I found the publication entity for the paper titled "Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system." It is represented by the IRI: <https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>.

Next, I will retrieve the authors of this publication.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| author                                                     | authorName |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |            |
| Yilin Yuan (<https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345>)               |            |
| Jianbiao Zhang (<https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261>)           |            |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |            |

[Assistant]
The authors of the paper "Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system" are:
- Zheng Li (https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143)
- Yilin Yuan (https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345)
- Jianbiao Zhang (https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261)
- Wanshan Xu (https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520)

Now, I will find the earliest year of publication for each of these authors. I will start with Zheng Li.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year             |
| ---------------- |
| 1994 (xsd:gYear) |

[Assistant]
The earliest year of publication for the author Zheng Li is 1994.

Next, I will find the earliest year of publication for the author Yilin Yuan.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year             |
| ---------------- |
| 2017 (xsd:gYear) |

[Assistant]
The earliest year of publication for the author Yilin Yuan is 2017.

Next, I will find the earliest year of publication for the author Jianbiao Zhang.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year             |
| ---------------- |
| 2018 (xsd:gYear) |

[Assistant]
The earliest year of publication for the author Jianbiao Zhang is 2018.

Next, I will find the earliest year of publication for the author Wanshan Xu.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year             |
| ---------------- |
| 2018 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?publication ?title WHERE {
  ?publication dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077> .
  ?publication dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai> .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication dc:title ?title
  }
  .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication rdfs:label ?title
  }
  .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication schema:name ?title
  }
  .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication dblp:title ?title
  }
  .
}

Chu K. Loo published the following publication in Frontiers Robotics AI: "Wei Hong Chin et al.: An Odometr...line Hybrid Map Building. (2016)"

What publications did Chu K. Loo publish in Frontiers Robotics AI?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What publications did Chu K. Loo publish in Frontiers Robotics AI?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the author entity for "Chu K. Loo" in the dblp knowledge graph.
Step 2: Identify the venue entity or string for "Frontiers Robotics AI" in dblp.
Step 3: Query publications authored by Chu K. Loo that were published in the venue "Frontiers Robotics AI."

I will start by searching for the author entity for "Chu K. Loo."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chu Kiong Loo, also known as Chu Kiong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>)
2. Chu Kong Loo, also known as Chu Kong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/237/3777>)
3. Loo Chu Kiong, also known as Loo Chu Kiong (<https://dblp.org/pid/287/3190>)
4. K. K. Loo, also known as K. K. Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/29/5211>)
5. K. Chu, also known as K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/340/0128>)
6. Colleen K. Loo, also known as Colleen K. Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/152/0446>)
7. Kuo-Chung Chu, also known as Kuo-Chung Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/61/415>)
8. Kang-Ching Chu, also known as Kang-Ching Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/89/10318>)
9. Wenkung K. Chu, also known as Wenkung K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/04/5378>)
10. Hoang K. Chu, also known as Hoang K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/263/9428>)

[Assistant] The most relevant author entity for "Chu K. Loo" appears to be "Chu Kiong Loo" with the identifier <https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>. Next, I will search for the venue "Frontiers Robotics AI" in dblp to identify its entity or string representation.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Frontiers in Robotics and AI (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai>)
2. Advances In Robotics (AIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/air>)
3. Will generative AI transform robotics? (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/natmi/X24e>)
4. Cesare Stefanini: Frontiers of Surgical Robotics. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/biostec/Stefanini14>)
5. Kazuhito Yokoi: AIST Humanoid Robotics Challenge. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isrr/Yokoi13>)
6. Robotics (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/robotics>)
7. Aiguo Song et al.: Sensors for Robotics. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/js/SongSC0S13>)
8. Amir Shirkhodaie et al.: AI assisted multi-arm robotics. (1987) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icra/ShirkhodaieTS87>)
9. Giulio Reina: Robotics and AI for Precision Agriculture. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/robotics/Reina24>)
10. Ichiro Nakatani: AI, Robotics and Automation in Space. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jrm/Nakatani00>)

[Assistant] The venue "Frontiers Robotics AI" corresponds to "Frontiers in Robotics and AI" with the entity <https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai>. Now I will query publications authored by Chu Kiong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>) that were published in the venue Frontiers in Robotics and AI (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai>).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| publication                                                                                | title                                                               |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Wei Hong Chin et al.: An Odometr...line Hybrid Map Building. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/firai/ChinLTK16>) | Wei Hong Chin et al.: An Odometr...line Hybrid Map Building. (2016) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?publication ?title WHERE {
  ?publication dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2> ; dblp:yearOfPublication "2003" ^^ xsd:gYear .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication dc:title ?title .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication rdfs:label ?title .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication schema:name ?title .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?publication dblp:title ?title .
  }
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( str( ?title ) ) , "overlay multicast" ) )
}

There are no research papers with the phrase "Overlay multicast" in the title published in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003 according to the dblp knowledge graph.

What are the titles of the research papers on Overlay multicast that were published in International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What are the titles of the research papers on Overlay multicast that were published in International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to find research papers that satisfy the following criteria:
1. The paper is about "Overlay multicast" (likely in the title or topic).
2. The paper was published in the "International Conference on High Performance Computing".
3. The paper was published in the year 2003.

Step 1: Identify the exact entity or label for the "International Conference on High Performance Computing" in the dblp knowledge graph.
Step 2: Search for publications published in 2003.
Step 3: Filter publications that have "Overlay multicast" in their title.
Step 4: Filter publications published in the identified conference.
Step 5: Retrieve the titles of these publications.

I will start by searching for the entity related to the "International Conference on High Performance Computing" in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>)
2. International Conference on High...ance Scientific Computing (HPSC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpsc>)
3. International Conference on Gree...h Performance Computing (ICGHPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icghpc>)
4. International Conference on High...ce Computing & Simulation (HPCS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ieeehpcs>)
5. International Conference on Comp...igh Performance Computing (CHPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/chpc>)
6. IEEE International Conference on...puting and Communications (HPCC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpcc>)
7. International Conference on High...ting, Data, and Analytics (HiPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hipc>)
8. International Conference on High...r Computational Science (VECPAR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vecpar>)
9. IEEE International Conference on...mance and Smart Computing (HPSC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ieeehpsc>)
10. International Conference on High...puting and Communications (HP3C) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hp3c>)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the "International Conference on High Performance Computing" appears to be the first one in the list: <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>.

Next, I will search for publications published in 2003 in this conference and filter those with "Overlay multicast" in their title. I will retrieve the titles of these publications.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No publications with the exact phrase "Overlay multicast" in the title were found in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in 2003.

I will now try a broader search by looking for publications in the same conference and year that mention "Overlay" and "multicast" separately in the title to see if there are relevant papers with slightly different title wording.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No publications with both "overlay" and "multicast" in the title were found in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in 2003.

I will now try to find any publications in that conference and year that mention "multicast" in the title, to check if there might be related papers with different wording.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No publications with "multicast" in the title were found in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in 2003.

I will now try to find any publications in that conference and year that mention "overlay" in the title, to check if there might be related papers with different wording.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No publications with "overlay" in the title were found in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in 2003.

Based on these searches, there appear to be no research papers on "Overlay multicast" published in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003.

I will now provide this as the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
ASK WHERE {
  ?pub a dblp:Publication .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/60/161> .
    ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/77/10786> .
  }
}

Yes, there exists at least one paper that was not co-authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano.

Was a paper not not co-authored by P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Was a paper not not co-authored by P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano?

[Assistant]
The user asks if there exists a paper that was not co-authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano. This is a question about the existence of a publication that does not have both these authors as co-authors.

Step 1: Identify the entities "P. H. Guzzi" and "Marianna Milano" in the dblp knowledge graph.
Step 2: Formulate an ASK query to check if there exists a publication that is not authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano together.

I will first search for the author entities for "P. H. Guzzi" and "Marianna Milano" in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pietro H. Guzzi, also known as Pietro H. Guzzi (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/161>)
2. Pietro H. Guzzi: Ontology-Based Annotation Methods. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19d>)
3. Pietro H. Guzzi: Ontology in Bioinformatics. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19c>)
4. Pietro H. Guzzi: Functional Enrichment Analysis Methods. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19e>)
5. Pietro H. Guzzi: Computing Langu...r Bioinformatics: Python. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19a>)
6. Pietro H. Guzzi: Computing Langu...for Bioinformatics: Java. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19b>)
7. Pietro Hiram Guzzi et al.: coreS...ssing of Microarray Data. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tc/GuzziAC14>)
8. Pietro Hiram Guzzi and Mario Can...fymetrix Microarray Data. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/europar/GuzziC10>)
9. Pietro Hiram Guzzi: Algorithms f...nces: Multiple Alignment. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19>)
10. Marco Mina and Pietro Hiram Guzz...lysis of Proteomics Data. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sebd/MinaG13>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Marianna Milano, also known as Marianna Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/77/10786>)
2. Marianna Milano: Gene Prioritization Tools. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Milano19b>)
3. Marianna Milano: Computing Languages for Bioinformatics: R. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Milano19>)
4. Mae Milano, also known as Mae Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/321/0647>)
5. Michela Milano, also known as Michela Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/m/MichelaMilano>)
6. Federico Milano 0001, also known as Federico Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/8014>)
7. Francesco Milano 0002, also known as Francesco Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/198/7396-2>)
8. Francesco Milano 0001, also known as Francesco Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/198/7396-1>)
9. Marianna Bolognesi, also known as Marianna Bolognesi (<https://dblp.org/pid/227/0290>)
10. Marianna Obrist, also known as Marianna Obrist (<https://dblp.org/pid/63/3913>)

[Assistant]
I found the author entities for P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano in dblp:
- P. H. Guzzi: <https://dblp.org/pid/60/161>
- Marianna Milano: <https://dblp.org/pid/77/10786>

Now I will write an ASK query to check if there exists a publication that is not co-authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano. This means the publication either does not have P. H. Guzzi as an author or does not have Marianna Milano as an author (or both).

I will check for the existence of a publication where it is NOT true that both authors are co-authors.

[Tool] True

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
SELECT ?author ?authorName ?affiliation WHERE {
  VALUES ?author {
    <https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102> <https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423> <https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982> <https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author foaf:name ?authorName
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author rdfs:label ?authorName
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author dblp:affiliation ?affiliation
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author dblp:primaryAffiliation ?affiliation
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| author                                                  | authorName              | affiliation                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)            | Peter Scott             |                                        |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>)         | Suzanne Little          |                                        |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>)        | Alexandra Okada         | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | Alexander Mikroyannidis | The Open University                    |

The authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' are:
- Peter Scott (no affiliation information found)
- Suzanne Little (no affiliation information found in dblp)
- Alexandra Okada (The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK)
- Alexander Mikroyannidis (The Open University)

List the authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' and their affiliations.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] List the authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' and their affiliations.

[Assistant]
To answer the question, I need to:

1. Find the publication with the title "Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources" in the dblp knowledge graph.
2. Retrieve the authors of this publication.
3. Retrieve the affiliations of these authors if available.

Step 1: Search for the publication by title to get its entity IRI.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | Formal Metadata and Shared Exper...dapt Open Educational Resources. |

[Assistant]
I found the publication with the title "Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources" identified as <https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>.

Next, I will retrieve the authors of this publication and their affiliations if available. I will first query the authors of this publication.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| author                                                  | authorName |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)            |            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>)         |            |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>)        |            |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) |            |

[Assistant]
I found the authors of the publication:
- Peter Scott
- Suzanne Little
- Alexandra Okada
- Alexander Mikroyannidis

Next, I will try to find the affiliations of these authors. Since affiliation data is often missing or unreliable in dblp, I will attempt to query the primary affiliation or any affiliation-related property for each author. I will start with Peter Scott.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] No affiliation information found for Peter Scott using dblp:primaryAffiliation. I will try to find any other property related to affiliation for Peter Scott.

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                                     | object                 |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator) |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn14581244           |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdfs:label                                   | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdf:type                                     | Person (dblp:Person)   |

[Assistant]
There is no affiliation information available for Peter Scott in the dblp data.

I will check the other authors for affiliation information as well. I will check Suzanne Little next.

[Tool]
Got 13 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                         | property                                     | object                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q92162779                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-3471> |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn15338042                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                  |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | rdfs:label                                   | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | owl:sameAs                                   | wd:Q92162779                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Suzanne Lyttle                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn15338043                            |
| ...                                             | ...                                          | ...                                     |

[Assistant]
There is no direct affiliation information for Suzanne Little in dblp either. However, there is a link to a Wikidata entity (wd:Q92162779) which might contain affiliation information, but that is outside the dblp knowledge graph.

I will check the next author, Alexandra Okada.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                          | property                                     | object                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Ale Okada                               |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Alexandra Okada                         |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | affiliation (dblp:affiliation)               | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-5605> |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | primaryAffiliation (dblp:primaryAffiliation) | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn13042456                            |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | rdfs:label                                   | Alexandra Okada                         |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | owl:sameAs                                   | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-5605> |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Alexandra Okada                         |
| ...                                              | ...                                          | ...                                     |

[Assistant]
I found affiliation information for Alexandra Okada:
- affiliation: The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
- primaryAffiliation: The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK

I will check the last author, Alexander Mikroyannidis, for affiliation information.

[Tool]
Got 17 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                 | property                                     | object                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Alexander Mikroyannidis                                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Alexander Mikroyannidis                                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | affiliation (dblp:affiliation)               | The Open University                                      |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-1443>                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryAffiliation (dblp:primaryAffiliation) | The Open University                                      |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=iXngg4IAAAAJ> |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | homepage (dblp:homepage)                     | <http://www.alexmikro.net/>                              |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryHomepage (dblp:primaryHomepage)       | <http://www.alexmikro.net/>                              |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn12536652                                             |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                                   |
| ...                                                     | ...                                          | ...                                                      |

[Assistant]
I found affiliation information for Alexander Mikroyannidis:
- affiliation: The Open University
- primaryAffiliation: The Open University

Summary:
- Peter Scott: No affiliation information found
- Suzanne Little: No affiliation information found in dblp
- Alexandra Okada: The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
- Alexander Mikroyannidis: The Open University

I will now prepare the final answer with the authors and their affiliations.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT ( SUM( ?count2018 ) AS ?totalPapers2018 ) WHERE {
  {
    SELECT ?author ( COUNT( ?pub ) AS ?count2018 ) WHERE {
      VALUES ?author {
        <https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926> <https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003> <https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431> <https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>
      }
      ?pub dblp:authoredBy ?author ; dblp:yearOfPublication "2018" ^^ xsd:gYear .
    }
    GROUP BY ?author
  }
}

The authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' published a total of 14 papers in 2018.

How many papers did the authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' publish in 2018?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many papers did the authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' publish in 2018?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the publication "Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment" in the dblp knowledge graph to find its authors.

Step 2: For each author of this publication, count the number of papers they published in 2018.

I will start by searching for the publication entity by its title.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)
2. Liansuo Wei and Jian Han: Topolo... Optimal Rigid Sub-Graph. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/access/WeiH20>)
3. Peng Jiang: An underwater sensor... Time-of-Arrivals (TOAs). (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icnc/Jiang13>)
4. Simulation of football based on ...er and BP neural network. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/mam/Han21>)
5. Jing Yan et al.: A Survey on Int...Acoustic Sensor Networks. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/iotj/YanGYCL25>)
6. Xuewen Zhu and Fuxiao Tan: Attit...ed on RBF Neural Network. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icrai/ZhuT21>)
7. Xiao Liang et al.: Motion Contro...on Robust Neural Network. (2006) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iros/LiangLW06>)
8. Zhouhua Peng and Jun Wang: Outpu...ojection Neural Networks. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tsmc/PengW18>)
9. Design and Implementation of Mul...d on Software Definition. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/js/Zhang22b>)
10. Finite Element Structure Analysi...n Neural Network Control. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/scn/Li21c>)

[Assistant]
I found the publication "Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment" from 2018 with the entity IRI <https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>.

Next, I will find the authors of this publication.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                     |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Jie Feng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>) |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       |

[Assistant]
The authors of the publication "Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment" are:
- Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)
- Jie Feng (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>)
- Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)
- Hongmei Zhang (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)

Next, I will count the number of papers published by each of these authors in 2018. I will do this by querying publications authored by each author with the publication year 2018. Then I will sum the counts for all authors.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| author                                                     | count2018   |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- |
| Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)               | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Jie Feng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>) | 2 (xsd:int) |
| Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               | 6 (xsd:int) |
| Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       | 5 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process