PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?author ( MIN( ?year ) AS ?firstYear ) WHERE {
  VALUES ?author {
    <https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143> <https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345> <https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261> <https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>
  }
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year .
}
GROUP BY ?author

The first publication years for the authors of 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' are:
- Zheng Li: 1994
- Yilin Yuan: 2017
- Jianbiao Zhang: 2018
- Wanshan Xu: 2018

Find the year in which the first papers of the authors of 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' were published.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Find the year in which the first papers of the authors of 'Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system' were published.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. Identify the publication titled "Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system".
2. Find all authors of this publication.
3. For each author, find their earliest (first) publication year.

Step 1: Search for the publication entity using the title.

I'll start by searching for the publication using the given title.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>)
2. T. Subha and S. Jayashri: Public...urity in Cloud Computing. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jise/SubhaJ17>)
3. S. Anbuchelian et al.: Efficient...ng data storage in cloud. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cluster/AnbuchelianSR19>)
4. Xia'nan Zhao and Dongsheng Wang:... in Mobile Cloud Storage. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ieeesec/ZhaoW22>)
5. Hemalata A. Gosavi and Manish R....urity in Cloud Computing. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/GosaviU14>)
6. Guangyang Yang et al.: Enabling ...privacy and traceability. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jss/YangYSSFH16>)
7. Xiaojun Zhang et al.: Conditiona...or Cloud Storage Systems. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tnsm/ZhangWGXT22>)
8. Hongyu Liu et al.: Insecurity of...e for Cloud Data Storage. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jucs/LiuCDP15>)
9. Syam Kumar Pasupuleti: Privacy-P...n Exact Regenerated Code. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ijcac/Pasupuleti19>)
10. Vasudev Chakka et al.: Efficient...gnature in Cloud Storage. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/IEEEants/ChakkaPSABPP23>)

[Assistant]
The top search result matches the title exactly:

- Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>)

Next, I will:
1. Retrieve the authors of this publication.
2. For each author, find the year of their earliest publication.

Let's first list the properties of this publication entity to find the authors.

[Tool]
Got 37 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn25968490                                                                                |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>)                                             |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>)                                             |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/concurrency>) |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.org/10.1002/CPE.6735>                                                                     |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Article                                                                                |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 4 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | title (dblp:title)                         | Enable data privacy, dynamics, a...scheme for cloud storage system.                                    |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2022 (xsd:gYear)                                                                                |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/journals/concurrency/concurrency34>                                               |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                     |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Yilin Yuan (<https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345>)               |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Jianbiao Zhang (<https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261>)           |
| Yilin Yuan et al.: Enable data p...for cloud storage system. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/concurrency/YuanZXL22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               |

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                    | property                                     | object                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Zheng Li                                 |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Zheng Li                                 |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                   |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn13767503                             |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | rdfs:label                                   | Zheng Li (disambiguation)                |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | rdf:type                                     | AmbiguousCreator (dblp:AmbiguousCreator) |

[Tool]
Got 769 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Peng Di et al.: CodeFuse-13B: A ...ode Large Language Model. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icse/DiLYJCCCCCCFGGH24>)              | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Peng Di et al.: CodeFuse-13B: A ...ode Large Language Model. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2310-06266>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Codefuse et al.: Every Sample Ma...nt and Accurate Code LLM. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2503-17793>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Kai Zhang et al.: AIM 2019 Chall...ion: Methods and Results. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iccvw/ZhangNLZKWXWLW019>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Kai Zhang et al.: AIM 2019 Chall...ion: Methods and Results. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1911-01249>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Dan Huang et al.: Multi-omic ana...timize cancer resistance. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/bib/HuangWLHHHLCZHW21>)           | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Xiong Hu et al.: First Observati...chnique on 5 August 2021. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/HuWSMZXLXLWLCCC22>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Husnain Shahid et al.: Emerging ...echnologies: An Overview. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/eucnc/ShahidACTPVMZKMRGLBCGVS24>)     | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| Yinghan Li et al.: Static Batchi...ient MoE Model Inference. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2501-16103>)             | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                                                        |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. year of event (dblp:yearOfEvent): The year the conference or workshop contribution has been presented., Publication
2. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
3. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. month of publication (dblp:monthOfPublication): The month the publication has been published., Publication
5. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
6. issn (dblp:issn): An International Standard Serial Number., identifier, Stream
7. title (dblp:title): The title of the publication., Publication
8. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
9. authored by (dblp:authoredBy): The publication is authored by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
10. published as part of (dblp:publishedAsPartOf): The publication has been published as a part of the other publication., Publication

[Tool]
Got 832 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                     | firstYear |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | --------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| ...                                                        | ...       |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) |           |

[Assistant]
The previous query did not return the publication years as expected; the ?firstYear column is empty. This suggests that some publications may not have the dblp:yearOfPublication property, or there may be a data issue.

To troubleshoot:
- I'll check if the property is present for a sample publication by one of the authors.
- If not, I'll try to retrieve all available year properties for their publications.

Let's list properties for a sample publication authored by "Zheng Li (disambiguation)" to see if dblp:yearOfPublication is present and correctly used.

[Tool]
Got 315 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn36298064                                                                    |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Xing Jin (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/2442>)                      |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Xing Jin (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/2442>)                      |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2504.13914>                                     |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Article                                                                  |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 99 (xsd:int)                                                                    |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | title (dblp:title)                         | Seed1.5-Thinking: Advancing Supe...els with Reinforcement Learning.             |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2025 (xsd:gYear)                                                                |
| Jiaze Chen et al.: Seed1.5-Think...h Reinforcement Learning. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2504-13914>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/journals/corr/corr2504>                                    |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                             |

[Tool]
Got 832 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                     | year             |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2014 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2025 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2025 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2025 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2025 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                        | ...              |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2023 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2012 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2021 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2023 (xsd:gYear) |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 2010 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| author                                                     | firstYear        |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Zheng Li (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/10/1143>) | 1994 (xsd:gYear) |
| Yilin Yuan (<https://dblp.org/pid/193/8345>)               | 2017 (xsd:gYear) |
| Jianbiao Zhang (<https://dblp.org/pid/227/4261>)           | 2018 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wanshan Xu (<https://dblp.org/pid/270/5520>)               | 2018 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
SELECT ?pub ?title ?year WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077> .
  ?pub dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai> .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dc:title ?title .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:title ?title .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year .
  }
}

Chu K. Loo (most likely Chu Kiong Loo) published the following in Frontiers in Robotics and AI:

- "An Odometry-Free Approach for Simultaneous Localization and Online Hybrid Map Building." (2016)
  IRI: https://dblp.org/rec/journals/firai/ChinLTK16

What publications did Chu K. Loo publish in Frontiers Robotics AI?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What publications did Chu K. Loo publish in Frontiers Robotics AI?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the author entity for "Chu K. Loo" in the dblp knowledge graph.
2. We need to identify the venue entity for "Frontiers Robotics AI" (likely "Frontiers in Robotics and AI").
3. We need to find publications authored by Chu K. Loo that were published in this venue.

Step 1: Search for the author entity "Chu K. Loo".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chu Kiong Loo, also known as Chu Kiong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>)
2. Chu Kong Loo, also known as Chu Kong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/237/3777>)
3. Loo Chu Kiong, also known as Loo Chu Kiong (<https://dblp.org/pid/287/3190>)
4. K. K. Loo, also known as K. K. Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/29/5211>)
5. K. Chu, also known as K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/340/0128>)
6. Colleen K. Loo, also known as Colleen K. Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/152/0446>)
7. Kuo-Chung Chu, also known as Kuo-Chung Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/61/415>)
8. Kang-Ching Chu, also known as Kang-Ching Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/89/10318>)
9. Wenkung K. Chu, also known as Wenkung K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/04/5378>)
10. Hoang K. Chu, also known as Hoang K. Chu (<https://dblp.org/pid/263/9428>)

[Assistant]
The search for "Chu K. Loo" returned several similar names, but none exactly matching "Chu K. Loo". The closest matches are:

- Chu Kiong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>)
- Chu Kong Loo (<https://dblp.org/pid/237/3777>)
- Loo Chu Kiong (<https://dblp.org/pid/287/3190>)

It's possible that "Chu K. Loo" is a variant or abbreviation of "Chu Kiong Loo" or "Chu Kong Loo". To proceed, I will check which of these authors has publications in "Frontiers Robotics AI".

Step 2: Search for the venue entity "Frontiers Robotics AI".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Frontiers in Robotics and AI (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai>)
2. Advances In Robotics (AIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/air>)
3. Will generative AI transform robotics? (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/natmi/X24e>)
4. Cesare Stefanini: Frontiers of Surgical Robotics. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/biostec/Stefanini14>)
5. Kazuhito Yokoi: AIST Humanoid Robotics Challenge. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isrr/Yokoi13>)
6. Robotics (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/robotics>)
7. Aiguo Song et al.: Sensors for Robotics. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/js/SongSC0S13>)
8. Amir Shirkhodaie et al.: AI assisted multi-arm robotics. (1987) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icra/ShirkhodaieTS87>)
9. Giulio Reina: Robotics and AI for Precision Agriculture. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/robotics/Reina24>)
10. Ichiro Nakatani: AI, Robotics and Automation in Space. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jrm/Nakatani00>)

[Assistant]
The most relevant venue entity for "Frontiers Robotics AI" is "Frontiers in Robotics and AI" (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai>).

Now, I will check which of the possible author candidates ("Chu Kiong Loo", "Chu Kong Loo", "Loo Chu Kiong") has publications in "Frontiers in Robotics and AI". I will start with "Chu Kiong Loo".

Step 3: Query for publications authored by "Chu Kiong Loo" in "Frontiers in Robotics and AI".

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               | year             |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Wei Hong Chin et al.: An Odometr...line Hybrid Map Building. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/firai/ChinLTK16>) | An Odometry-Free Approach for Si... and Online Hybrid Map Building. | 2016 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
After checking all close variants, only "Chu Kiong Loo" (<https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077>) has a publication in "Frontiers in Robotics and AI". The publication is:

- Title: "An Odometry-Free Approach for Simultaneous Localization and Online Hybrid Map Building."
- Year: 2016
- IRI: https://dblp.org/rec/journals/firai/ChinLTK16

Here is the SPARQL query that produced this result:

```sparql
SELECT ?pub ?title ?year WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/71/2077> .
  ?pub dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/journals/firai> .
  OPTIONAL { ?pub dc:title ?title. }
  OPTIONAL { ?pub dblp:title ?title. }
  OPTIONAL { ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year. }
}
```

Final answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?pub ?venue WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:publishedIn ?venue ; dblp:yearOfPublication ?year .
  FILTER ( ?year = 2003 ) FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( STR( ?venue ) ) , "high performance computing" ) )
}

There are no research papers on Overlay multicast published in the International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003 indexed in DBLP.

What are the titles of the research papers on Overlay multicast that were published in International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What are the titles of the research papers on Overlay multicast that were published in International Conference on High Performance Computing in the year 2003?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for research papers (publications) on "Overlay multicast".
2. These papers must have been published in the "International Conference on High Performance Computing".
3. The publication year should be 2003.
4. We want the titles of these papers.

Step-by-step plan:
- First, identify the correct entity for the "International Conference on High Performance Computing" in DBLP.
- Next, find publications published in this venue in 2003.
- Filter these publications to those whose title or abstract contains "Overlay multicast".
- Retrieve their titles.

Let's start by searching for the entity for "International Conference on High Performance Computing".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>)
2. International Conference on High...ance Scientific Computing (HPSC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpsc>)
3. International Conference on Gree...h Performance Computing (ICGHPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icghpc>)
4. International Conference on High...ce Computing & Simulation (HPCS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ieeehpcs>)
5. International Conference on Comp...igh Performance Computing (CHPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/chpc>)
6. IEEE International Conference on...puting and Communications (HPCC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpcc>)
7. International Conference on High...ting, Data, and Analytics (HiPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hipc>)
8. International Conference on High...r Computational Science (VECPAR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vecpar>)
9. IEEE International Conference on...mance and Smart Computing (HPSC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ieeehpsc>)
10. International Conference on High...puting and Communications (HP3C) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hp3c>)

[Assistant]
The top match for "International Conference on High Performance Computing" is:
- International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>)

However, there is also "International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC)" (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hipc>), which is commonly known as HiPC and is a major conference in this area.

To be thorough, I will focus on the first entity, but if results seem off, I will check the HiPC stream as well.

Next, I will look for publications from 2003 in the venue <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>.

[Tool]
Got 39 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Ivanka Tsakovska et al.: InterCr...ocking Scoring Functions. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/TsakovskaAIAVRJ19>)  | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Alexander Alexandrov et al.: Mod...ased on Generalized Nets. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/AlexandrovAIBID19>)  | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Alexander Alexandrov et al.: WSN...arning and Kalman Filter. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/AlexandrovAIBID19a>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Georgi Gadzhev et al.: HPC Simul...ate of the Balkan Region. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/GadzhevIVGC19>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Rumen Ketipov et al.: Genetic Al...le Distributed Computing. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/KetipovK0ZB19>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Asterios A. Liolios et al.: A St...nd Strengthening by Ties. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/LioliosSLGG19>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Vladimir Myasnichenko et al.: Re...icle Structures Modeling. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/MyasnichenkoFMK19>)  | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Michael Quell et al.: Parallel C...the Fast Marching Method. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/QuellDHSW19>)        | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Damyan Barantiev et al.: Numeric... SODAR in a Coastal Area. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/BarantievBKG19>)     | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| Veselina Bureva et al.: Generali...QUE: Clustering in Quest. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hpc2/BurevaTZT19>)        | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that there are no publications from the year 2003 in the "International Conference on High Performance Computing (HPC)" stream (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hpc2>) in DBLP.

Given that, I suspect the user may be referring to the "International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC)" which is a well-known conference and often abbreviated as "HiPC". Its stream is <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hipc>.

I will now check for publications from 2003 in the HiPC stream.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
There are no publications from 2003 in the "International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC)" stream (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/hipc>) in DBLP either.

It's possible that:
- The relevant publications are not linked to the stream entity but rather to a string literal for the venue.
- The conference may be listed under a different stream or name for that year.
- The data for 2003 may be missing or incomplete in DBLP for these conferences.

To check for the possibility of string-literal venue entries, I will search for publications from 2003 with a venue string containing "High Performance Computing".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
2. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
3. published in journal (dblp:publishedInJournal): The name of the journal in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
4. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
5. published as part of (dblp:publishedAsPartOf): The publication has been published as a part of the other publication., Publication
6. published in journal volume (dblp:publishedInJournalVolume): The volume of the journal in which the publication has been publ...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. published in journal volume issue (dblp:publishedInJournalVolumeIssue): The issue of the journal in which the publication has been publi...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
8. publication note (dblp:publicationNote): An additional note to the publication., Publication
9. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
10. published in stream (dblp:publishedInStream): The conference series, the journal, or the repository in which the publication has been published., Publication, Stream

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There are no publications from 2003 with a venue string containing "high performance computing" in DBLP either.

Given these results, it appears that either:
- There are no indexed papers on "Overlay multicast" published in any "International Conference on High Performance Computing" in 2003 in DBLP, or
- The relevant data for that year and venue is missing from DBLP.

Therefore, I am unable to find any research papers matching all your criteria in the DBLP knowledge graph. If you have alternative venue names, years, or keywords, I can try searching with those. Otherwise, the answer is that there are no such papers indexed in DBLP.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
ASK {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/60/161> .
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/77/10786> .
}

Yes, there exists at least one paper co-authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano.

Was a paper not not co-authored by P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Was a paper not not co-authored by P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

- The question asks if there exists a paper that was "not not" co-authored by both P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano.
- "Not not" is a double negative, so the question is equivalent to: "Was there a paper co-authored by P. H. Guzzi and Marianna Milano?"

Step 1: Identify the entities for the authors "P. H. Guzzi" and "Marianna Milano" in DBLP.

Step 2: Check if there exists a publication that has both authors.

Step 3: Since the question is yes/no, we will use an ASK query.

First, let's search for the entities for both authors.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pietro H. Guzzi, also known as Pietro H. Guzzi (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/161>)
2. Pietro H. Guzzi: Ontology-Based Annotation Methods. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19d>)
3. Pietro H. Guzzi: Ontology in Bioinformatics. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19c>)
4. Pietro H. Guzzi: Functional Enrichment Analysis Methods. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19e>)
5. Pietro H. Guzzi: Computing Langu...r Bioinformatics: Python. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19a>)
6. Pietro H. Guzzi: Computing Langu...for Bioinformatics: Java. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19b>)
7. Pietro Hiram Guzzi et al.: coreS...ssing of Microarray Data. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tc/GuzziAC14>)
8. Pietro Hiram Guzzi and Mario Can...fymetrix Microarray Data. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/europar/GuzziC10>)
9. Pietro Hiram Guzzi: Algorithms f...nces: Multiple Alignment. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Guzzi19>)
10. Marco Mina and Pietro Hiram Guzz...lysis of Proteomics Data. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sebd/MinaG13>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Marianna Milano, also known as Marianna Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/77/10786>)
2. Marianna Milano: Gene Prioritization Tools. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Milano19b>)
3. Marianna Milano: Computing Languages for Bioinformatics: R. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/bioinf/Milano19>)
4. Mae Milano, also known as Mae Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/321/0647>)
5. Michela Milano, also known as Michela Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/m/MichelaMilano>)
6. Federico Milano 0001, also known as Federico Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/8014>)
7. Francesco Milano 0002, also known as Francesco Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/198/7396-2>)
8. Francesco Milano 0001, also known as Francesco Milano (<https://dblp.org/pid/198/7396-1>)
9. Marianna Bolognesi, also known as Marianna Bolognesi (<https://dblp.org/pid/227/0290>)
10. Marianna Obrist, also known as Marianna Obrist (<https://dblp.org/pid/63/3913>)

[Tool] True

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?author ?authorLabel ?affiliation WHERE {
  VALUES ?pub {
    <https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>
  }
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author rdfs:label ?authorLabel
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author dblp:affiliation ?affiliation
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author dblp:primaryAffiliation ?affiliation
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| author                                                  | authorLabel             | affiliation                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)            | Peter Scott             |                                        |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>)         | Suzanne Little          |                                        |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>)        | Alexandra Okada         | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | Alexander Mikroyannidis | The Open University                    |

The authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' are:

- Peter Scott (no affiliation listed)
- Suzanne Little (no affiliation listed)
- Alexandra Okada (The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK)
- Alexander Mikroyannidis (The Open University)

Affiliation data is only available for Alexandra Okada and Alexander Mikroyannidis in the DBLP knowledge graph.

List the authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' and their affiliations.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] List the authors of 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources' and their affiliations.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find the publication titled 'Formal Metadata and Shared Experiences for Discovering Tools to Adapt Open Educational Resources'.
2. Then, we need to list its authors.
3. Finally, we need to get the affiliations of these authors.

Step 1: Search for the publication entity by its title.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>)
2. Laura M. Bartolo and Cathy S. Lo...cience Digital Resources. (2003) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iadis/BartoloL03>)
3. Osmar Mantovani and Hans K. E. L...red Educational Contents. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icalt/MantovaniL05>)
4. Monica Vladoiu: Towards a Qualit...en Educational Resources. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icwl/Vladoiu12>)
5. Bich-Liên Doan and François Bail... in a Virtual University. (1999) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/webnet/DoanB99>)
6. Jean-Marie Pierrel et al.: ORTOL...s and TOols for LANGuage. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/clarin/PierrelPBPP16>)
7. Mariem Bellal et al.: Towards a ...en Educational Resources. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/inista/BellalMC23>)
8. Brigitte de la Passardière and A...r Educational Hupermedia. (1992) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iccal/PassardiereD92>)
9. Victor Epitropou et al.: Open to...iences gained in GS SOIL. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/enviroinfo/EpitropouKB10>)
10. Gordon W. Paynter: Developing pr...s for internet resources. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/jcdl/Paynter05>)

[Tool]
Got 36 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn43188295                                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Conference on Sign...d Internet-Based Systems (SITIS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sitis>) |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/SITIS.2011.46>                                                 |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Inproceedings                                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 4 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | title (dblp:title)                         | Formal Metadata and Shared Exper...dapt Open Educational Resources.                                         |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2011 (xsd:gYear)                                                                                |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/sitis/sitis2011>                                                                  |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>)            |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>)         |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>)        |
| Suzanne Little et al.: Formal Me...en Educational Resources. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sitis/LittleMOS11>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) |

[Tool]
Got 13 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                         | property                                     | object                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q92162779                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-3471> |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn15338042                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                  |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | rdfs:label                                   | Suzanne Little                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | owl:sameAs                                   | wd:Q92162779                            |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Suzanne Lyttle                          |
| Suzanne Little (<https://dblp.org/pid/11/2423>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn15338043                            |
| ...                                             | ...                                          | ...                                     |

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                                     | object                 |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator) |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn14581244           |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdfs:label                                   | Peter Scott            |
| Peter Scott (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/3102>) | rdf:type                                     | Person (dblp:Person)   |

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                          | property                                     | object                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Ale Okada                               |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Alexandra Okada                         |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | affiliation (dblp:affiliation)               | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-5605> |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | primaryAffiliation (dblp:primaryAffiliation) | The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn13042456                            |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                  |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | rdfs:label                                   | Alexandra Okada                         |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | owl:sameAs                                   | <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-5605> |
| Alexandra Okada (<https://dblp.org/pid/35/9982>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Alexandra Okada                         |
| ...                                              | ...                                          | ...                                     |

[Tool]
Got 17 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                 | property                                     | object                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Alexander Mikroyannidis                                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Alexander Mikroyannidis                                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | affiliation (dblp:affiliation)               | The Open University                                      |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-1443>                  |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryAffiliation (dblp:primaryAffiliation) | The Open University                                      |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=iXngg4IAAAAJ> |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | homepage (dblp:homepage)                     | <http://www.alexmikro.net/>                              |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | primaryHomepage (dblp:primaryHomepage)       | <http://www.alexmikro.net/>                              |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn12536652                                             |
| Alexander Mikroyannidis (<https://dblp.org/pid/74/115>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                                   |
| ...                                                     | ...                                          | ...                                                      |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?paper ) AS ?numPapers ) WHERE {
  VALUES ?author {
    <https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926> <https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003> <https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431> <https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>
  }
  ?paper dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  ?paper dblp:yearOfPublication "2018" ^^ xsd:gYear .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| numPapers   |
| ----------- |
| 7 (xsd:int) |

The authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' published 7 distinct papers in 2018.

How many papers did the authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' publish in 2018?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many papers did the authors of 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment' publish in 2018?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find the publication titled 'Localization of an Underwater Control Network Based on Quasi-Stable Adjustment'.
2. Identify its authors.
3. For each author, count the number of papers they published in 2018.

Step 1: Search for the publication entity using the title.

I'll start by searching for the publication entity in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)
2. Liansuo Wei and Jian Han: Topolo... Optimal Rigid Sub-Graph. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/access/WeiH20>)
3. Peng Jiang: An underwater sensor... Time-of-Arrivals (TOAs). (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icnc/Jiang13>)
4. Simulation of football based on ...er and BP neural network. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/mam/Han21>)
5. Jing Yan et al.: A Survey on Int...Acoustic Sensor Networks. (2025) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/iotj/YanGYCL25>)
6. Xuewen Zhu and Fuxiao Tan: Attit...ed on RBF Neural Network. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icrai/ZhuT21>)
7. Xiao Liang et al.: Motion Contro...on Robust Neural Network. (2006) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iros/LiangLW06>)
8. Zhouhua Peng and Jun Wang: Outpu...ojection Neural Networks. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tsmc/PengW18>)
9. Design and Implementation of Mul...d on Software Definition. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/js/Zhang22b>)
10. Finite Element Structure Analysi...n Neural Network Control. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/scn/Li21c>)

[Tool]
Got 38 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn39315424                                                        |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)                        |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)                        |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Sensors (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sensors>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.org/10.3390/S18040950>                                 |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Article                                                      |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 4 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | title (dblp:title)                         | Localization of an Underwater Co...ased on Quasi-Stable Adjustment. |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2018 (xsd:gYear)                                                    |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/journals/sensors/sensors18>                    |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                 |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                     |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Jie Feng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>) |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       |

[Tool]
Got 14 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                     | paper                                                                                |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Jie Feng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>) | Can Hu et al.: New method for es...ybrid imaging modalities. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cbm/HuFX18>)               |
| Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               | Xiao Wang et al.: A Side Scan So...c Set and Diffusion Maps. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/WangZZJQ18>) |
| Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Reconstructi...ges with Self-Constraint. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/ZhaoSZ18>)   |
| Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Reconstructi...ges with Self-Constraint. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/ZhaoSZ18>)   |
| Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Side-Scan So... of Track Line Positions. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/ZhaoSZ18a>)  |
| ...                                                        | ...                                                                                |
| Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       | Xinglei Zhao et al.: Remote Sens...irborne LiDAR Bathymetry. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/remotesensing/ZhaoZZZ18a>) |
| Jianhu Zhao (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/5431>)               | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)        |
| Xinhua Chen (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/1926>)               | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)        |
| Hongmei Zhang 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/36/687-2>)       | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)        |
| Jie Feng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/24/7003>) | Jianhu Zhao et al.: Localization... Quasi-Stable Adjustment. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sensors/ZhaoCZF18>)        |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| numPapers   |
| ----------- |
| 7 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process