PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
SELECT ?pub ?title ?venue ?venueLabel WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/64/490> .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:publishedInStream ?venue .
    FILTER ( ?venue IN ( <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc> , <https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr> ) ) OPTIONAL {
      ?venue rdfs:label ?venueLabel
    }
    OPTIONAL {
      ?venue dc:title ?venueLabel
    }
    OPTIONAL {
      ?venue schema:name ?venueLabel
    }
    OPTIONAL {
      ?venue dblp:streamTitle ?venueLabel
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:publishedIn ?venueString .
    FILTER ( ?venueString = "VTC Spring" || ?venueString = "CoRR" ) BIND( ?venueString AS ?venueLabel )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub rdfs:label ?title
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dc:title ?title
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub schema:name ?title
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?pub dblp:title ?title
  }
  FILTER ( bound( ?venue ) || bound( ?venueLabel ) )
}

Hoppari, M. (Mika Hoppari) published one paper in the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), but no papers were found in CoRR. The paper is: Ilkka Harjula et al.: Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in a Large-Scale European-Wide Research Network. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/vtc/HarjulaPVPHFS20>).

What papers did Hoppari, M. publish in VTC Spring and CoRR?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What papers did Hoppari, M. publish in VTC Spring and CoRR?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the author entity for "Hoppari, M." in the dblp knowledge graph.
2. We need to identify the venue entities for "VTC Spring" and "CoRR".
3. We need to find all papers authored by "Hoppari, M." that were published in either "VTC Spring" or "CoRR".

First, let's search for the author entity for "Hoppari, M." in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Mika Hoppari, also known as Mika Hoppari (<https://dblp.org/pid/64/490>)
2. Mika Hoppari et al.: Performance...nologies-Empirical Study. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/fi/HoppariUMHR21>)
3. Mika Hoppari et al.: The LSA Bas... Commercial MNO Networks. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/eucnc/HoppariHP20>)

[Assistant]
The most likely author entity for "Hoppari, M." is Mika Hoppari (<https://dblp.org/pid/64/490>).

Next, let's search for the venue entities for "VTC Spring" and "CoRR" in dblp. I'll start with "VTC Spring".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Neil Spring, also known as Neil Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/s/NeilTSpring>)
2. Bonnie Spring, also known as Bonnie Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/185/3941>)
3. Joseph Spring, also known as Joseph Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/169/1605>)
4. David Spring, also known as David Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/129/7823>)
5. Timo Spring, also known as Timo Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/221/3674>)
6. Anett Spring, also known as Anett Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/192/6295>)
7. Andreas Spring, also known as Andreas Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/179/0108>)
8. Aaron Spring, also known as Aaron Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/290/3736>)
9. Alexander Spring, also known as Alexander Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/217/8035>)
10. Daniel Spring, also known as Daniel Spring (<https://dblp.org/pid/12/7682>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hugh Corr, also known as Hugh Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/69/9897>)
2. Denis Corr, also known as Denis Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/245/5331>)
3. Dörte Corr, also known as Dörte Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/185/1873>)
4. Felix Corr, also known as Felix Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/338/1250>)
5. Francis Corr, also known as Francis Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/183/3862>)
6. Frank Corr, also known as Frank Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/293/1407>)
7. Dan Corr, also known as Dan Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/55/5616>)
8. Corry, also known as Corry (<https://dblp.org/pid/284/7480>)
9. Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua, also known as Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua (<https://dblp.org/pid/27/10396>)
10. Corrado Corradi, also known as Corrado Corradi (<https://dblp.org/pid/48/6659>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>)
2. Don Hendrickson: Vehicular Techn...nference 2009 [VTS news]. (2009) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/vtm/Hendrickson09a>)
3. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/vtm>)
4. TPC Technology Conference (TPCTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/tpctc>)
5. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/tvt>)
6. IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vnc>)
7. International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ihtc>)
8. Conference on Technology Ethics (Tethics) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/tethics>)
9. Language and Technology Conference (LTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ltconf>)
10. 99th IEEE Vehicular Technology C...ngapore, June 24-27, 2024 (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/vtc/2024s>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hugh Corr, also known as Hugh Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/69/9897>)
2. Denis Corr, also known as Denis Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/245/5331>)
3. Dörte Corr, also known as Dörte Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/185/1873>)
4. Felix Corr, also known as Felix Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/338/1250>)
5. Francis Corr, also known as Francis Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/183/3862>)
6. Frank Corr, also known as Frank Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/293/1407>)
7. Dan Corr, also known as Dan Corr (<https://dblp.org/pid/55/5616>)
8. Corry, also known as Corry (<https://dblp.org/pid/284/7480>)
9. Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua, also known as Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua (<https://dblp.org/pid/27/10396>)
10. Corrado Corradi, also known as Corrado Corradi (<https://dblp.org/pid/48/6659>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>)
2. Joseph Y. Halpern: A Computing Research Repository. (1998) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/dlib/Halpern98>)
3. Joseph Y. Halpern: CoRR: a computing research repository. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jcd/Halpern00>)
4. Joseph Y. Halpern: CoRR: A Computing Research Repository (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/cs-DL-0005003>)
5. Research in Computing Science (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/rcs>)
6. Advances in Computing Research (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/acr>)
7. Federated Computing Research Conference (FCRC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/fcrc>)
8. Abstracts computing research laboratory. (1983) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigact/X83>)
9. Research Data Repository FDR@UHH (UHH-FDR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/repo/uhhfdr>)
10. International Computing Education Research Conference (ICER) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icer>)

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                          | property                                     | object                                                          |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q7918617                                                     |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <http://vtsociety.org/>                                         |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | wikipedia (dblp:wikipedia)                   | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicular_Technology_Conference> |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle)               | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC)                      |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | indexPage (dblp:indexPage)                   | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/vtc/index>                            |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | primaryStreamTitle (dblp:primaryStreamTitle) | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC)                      |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn41633210                                                    |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | rdf:type                                     | Conference (dblp:Conference)                                    |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | rdfs:label                                   | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC)                      |
| IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | owl:sameAs                                   | wd:Q7918617                                                     |
| ...                                                                              | ...                                          | ...                                                             |

[Tool]
Got 18 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                         | property                                     | object                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q118398                                |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://arxiv.org/corr>                  |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | wikipedia (dblp:wikipedia)                   | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArXiv>     |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle)               | Computing Research Repository (CoRR)      |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | indexPage (dblp:indexPage)                   | <https://dblp.org/db/journals/corr/index> |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | primaryStreamTitle (dblp:primaryStreamTitle) | Computing Research Repository (CoRR)      |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | issn (dblp:issn)                             | <http://issn.org/resource/ISSN/2331-8422> |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | iso4 (dblp:iso4)                             | Comput. Res. Repos.                       |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn41634841                              |
| Computing Research Repository (CoRR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/corr>) | rdf:type                                     | Journal (dblp:Journal)                    |
| ...                                                                             | ...                                          | ...                                       |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               | venue                                                                            | venueLabel                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Ilkka Harjula et al.: Dynamic Sp...an-Wide Research Network. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/vtc/HarjulaPVPHFS20>) | Ilkka Harjula et al.: Dynamic Sp...an-Wide Research Network. (2020) | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               | venue                                                                            | venueLabel                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Ilkka Harjula et al.: Dynamic Sp...an-Wide Research Network. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/vtc/HarjulaPVPHFS20>) | Ilkka Harjula et al.: Dynamic Sp...an-Wide Research Network. (2020) | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/vtc>) | IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?pub ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/21/4802>
}

Deb, K. (Kalyanmoy Deb) has published 616 papers according to the dblp knowledge graph.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many papers has Deb, K. published?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find the entity for "Deb, K." in the dblp knowledge graph.
2. We need to count the number of papers (publications) authored by this entity.
3. The reliable property to link publications to authors is dblp:authoredBy, and we should query from the publication side.

First, I'll search for the author entity "Deb, K." in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kalyanmoy Deb, also known as Kalyanmoy Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/21/4802>)
2. Deb K. Pal, also known as Deb K. Pal (<https://dblp.org/pid/148/4638>)
3. Abhijit K. Deb, also known as Abhijit K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/08/3720>)
4. Sanjib K. Deb, also known as Sanjib K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/65/10889>)
5. S. K. Deb, also known as S. K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/94/6422>)
6. Nirmal K. Deb, also known as Nirmal K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/204/4982>)
7. Parag K. Deb, also known as Parag K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/88/2720>)
8. Rajat K. Deb, also known as Rajat K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/38/2553>)
9. Sudip K. Deb, also known as Sudip K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/316/6127>)
10. Sumanta K. Deb, also known as Sumanta K. Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/201/5654>)

[Assistant]
The top result for "Deb, K." is Kalyanmoy Deb (<https://dblp.org/pid/21/4802>), who is widely known in the research community and often cited as "Deb, K." in publications.

Next, I will count the number of publications where dblp:authoredBy is <https://dblp.org/pid/21/4802>.

I'll write a SPARQL query to count the number of such publications.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count         |
| ------------- |
| 616 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?coauthor ( COUNT( ?pub ) AS ?numPubs ) WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520> .
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy ?coauthor .
  FILTER ( ?coauthor != <https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520> )
}
GROUP BY ?coauthor
ORDER BY DESC ( ?numPubs )
LIMIT 1

The most frequent co-author of K. Wang is Manfred B. Wischnewsky (https://dblp.org/pid/29/5360), and they have 3 research papers together.

Name the most frequent co-author of K. Wang and how many research papers do they have together?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Name the most frequent co-author of K. Wang and how many research papers do they have together?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the correct entity for "K. Wang" in DBLP, as there may be multiple authors with similar names.
2. For the correct "K. Wang", we need to find all their co-authors.
3. We need to count the number of joint publications with each co-author.
4. We need to find the co-author with the highest count and return both the co-author's identifier and the number of joint papers.

Step 1: Search for the entity for "K. Wang".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. K. Wang (disambiguation), also known as K. Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>)
2. K. K. Wang, also known as K. K. Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/59/3787>)
3. Kun Wang 0005, also known as Kun Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/1958-5>)
4. Ke Wang 0003, also known as Ke Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/181/2613-3>)
5. Kehao Wang 0002, also known as Kehao Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/62/9365-2>)
6. Kai Wang 0012, also known as Kai Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/78/2022-12>)
7. Kai Wang 0007, also known as Kai Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/78/2022-7>)
8. Kai Wang 0052, also known as Kai Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/78/2022-52>)
9. Kehao Wang 0001, also known as Kehao Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/62/9365>)
10. Kai Wang 0014, also known as Kai Wang (<https://dblp.org/pid/78/2022-14>)

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                   | property                                     | object                                   |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | K. Wang                                  |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | K. Wang                                  |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                   |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn13259718                             |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | rdfs:label                                   | K. Wang (disambiguation)                 |
| K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) | rdf:type                                     | AmbiguousCreator (dblp:AmbiguousCreator) |

[Tool]
Call to function list returned an error:
Constraint "_:bn13259718" for subject position is not a valid IRI. IRIs can be given in prefixed form, like "wd:Q937", as URIs, like "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q937", or in full form, like "<http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q937>".

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 22 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| K. Wang et al.: Detecting range ... small size RFID LF tags. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/rfidta/WangDCCGBPDRLJ12>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| K. Wang et al.: Dual-carrier 400...M-QPSK modulation format. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ofc/WangLLMWHMWL15>)      | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| J. Zhao et al.: Integration von ...bizidberatung (HERBASYS). (1990) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/umwelt/ZhaoWWGP90>)       | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| K. Wang et al.: Ultrasonic and E...servoir Characterization. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2007-00191>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| Holger Dürer et al.: Intensive-H...for intensive care units. (1992) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/cbms/DurerWWZH92>)        | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| Yuriy V. Zakharov et al.: Joint ...entation for LTE systems. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icdsp/ZakharovLZTW17>)    | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| Yu Shao et al.: Asymptotic Trans...y A Single ON-OFF Source. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/uemcom/ShaoBLWC18>)       | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| H. Chuang et al.: On Group Choosability of Graphs, II. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/gc/ChuangLOWZ14>)           | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| Shingo Tajima et al.: Brain acti...magneto-impedance sensor. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icsenst/TajimaUOW13>)     | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| K. Wang et al.: A Planar Archite...bration Energy Harvester. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ieeesensors/WangXZZ24>)   | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | K. Wang (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/60/6520>) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                                                       |

[Tool]
Got 67 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| coauthor                                                     | numPubs     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------- |
| S. H. Choi (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/6830>) | 2 (xsd:int) |
| Jianxin Shen (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/8349>)                | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Richard V. Penty (<https://dblp.org/pid/04/2047>)            | 1 (xsd:int) |
| J. Zhao (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/07/1399>)    | 1 (xsd:int) |
| N. Liu (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/08/6933>)     | 1 (xsd:int) |
| ...                                                          | ...         |
| X. Tang (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6607>)                     | 1 (xsd:int) |
| D. Zheng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/148>)    | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Antoine Diet (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/6237>)                | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Rodrigo C. de Lamare (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/6670>)        | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Ian F. Akyildiz (<https://dblp.org/pid/a/IAAkyildiz>)        | 1 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 67 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| coauthor                                                     | numPubs     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------- |
| S. H. Choi (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/6830>) | 2 (xsd:int) |
| Jianxin Shen (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/8349>)                | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Richard V. Penty (<https://dblp.org/pid/04/2047>)            | 1 (xsd:int) |
| J. Zhao (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/07/1399>)    | 1 (xsd:int) |
| N. Liu (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/08/6933>)     | 1 (xsd:int) |
| ...                                                          | ...         |
| X. Tang (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6607>)                     | 1 (xsd:int) |
| D. Zheng (disambiguation) (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/148>)    | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Antoine Diet (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/6237>)                | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Rodrigo C. de Lamare (<https://dblp.org/pid/98/6670>)        | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Ian F. Akyildiz (<https://dblp.org/pid/a/IAAkyildiz>)        | 1 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| coauthor                                                | numPubs     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- |
| Manfred B. Wischnewsky (<https://dblp.org/pid/29/5360>) | 3 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?paper ?paperTitle ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?author ) AS ?numAuthors ) WHERE {
  VALUES ( ?paper ?paperTitle ) {
    ( <https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tcyb/MaB21> "A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic Approach to Constrained Distributed Convex Optimization" ) ( <https://dblp.org/rec/conf/etfa/Missal0H07> "Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification" )
  }
  ?paper dblp:authoredBy ?author .
}
GROUP BY ?paper ?paperTitle

Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| paper                                                                                | paperTitle                                                          | numAuthors  |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- |
| Dirk Missal et al.: Hierarchical... design and verification. (2007) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/etfa/Missal0H07>) | Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification      | 3 (xsd:int) |
| Litao Ma and Wei Bian: A Novel M...uted Convex Optimization. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tcyb/MaB21>)  | A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic ... Distributed Convex Optimization | 2 (xsd:int) |

"Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification" has more co-authors (3) than "A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic Approach to Constrained Distributed Convex Optimization" (2).

Between 'A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic Approach to Constrained Distributed Convex Optimization' and 'Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification', which paper has more number of co-authors?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Between 'A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic Approach to Constrained Distributed Convex Optimization' and 'Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification', which paper has more number of co-authors?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are given two paper titles:
   - "A Novel Multiagent Neurodynamic Approach to Constrained Distributed Convex Optimization"
   - "Hierarchical distributed controllers - design and verification"
2. We need to find which of these two papers has more co-authors.

Step 1: Find the entities for both papers in DBLP using their titles.

Step 2: For each paper, count the number of distinct co-authors (using dblp:authoredBy).

Step 3: Compare the counts and determine which paper has more co-authors.

Let's start by searching for the entities for both paper titles.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Litao Ma and Wei Bian: A Novel M...uted Convex Optimization. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tcyb/MaB21>)
2. Xinrui Jiang et al.: A penalty-l...uted convex optimization. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ijon/JiangQX20>)
3. Qingshan Liu et al.: A Collectiv...Constrained Optimization. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tnn/LiuYW17>)
4. Na Liu and Sitian Qin: A Novel N...seudoconvex Optimization. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tcyb/LiuQ19>)
5. Wenwen Jia et al.: A collective ...constrained optimization. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nn/JiaHQ24>)
6. You Zhao et al.: Novel projectio...ined convex optimization. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/nn/ZhaoLH22>)
7. Guocheng Li et al.: A Neurodynam...ine Equality Constraints. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/access/LiLQF22>)
8. Yangxia Li et al.: A p-power neu...d nonconvex optimization. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cnsns/LiX0CA24>)
9. Zheng Yan et al.: A Collective N...ined Global Optimization. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tnn/YanFW17>)
10. Shaofu Yang et al.: A Collaborat...Distributed Optimization. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tnn/YangLW18>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Dirk Missal et al.: Hierarchical... design and verification. (2007) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/etfa/Missal0H07>)
2. Albert Fleischmann: Distributed ...esign and implementation. (1994) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/0074061>)
3. Karthik Murthy et al.: Design an...n of Distributed Phasers. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/europar/MurthyPMCM16>)
4. Diego Marmsoler: Hierarchical Sp...tectural Design Patterns. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/fase/Marmsoler18>)
5. Pradeep Kumar Sinha: Distributed...ms - concepts and design. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/0085461>)
6. Christina Nissen et al.: Trackin... - Design and Evaluation. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/evoteid/NissenKVFH24>)
7. Luis Guarin et al.: Passenger Sh... Design and Verification. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hci/GuarinHV14>)
8. Jongwoo Kim et al.: Design and v...controllers for airships. (2003) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iros/KimKK03>)
9. Wenchao Li et al.: Design and ve...rate distributed systems. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/memocode/LiGS15>)
10. Michele Bugliesi and Paolo Modes... Design and Verification. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ifip1-7/BugliesiM10>)

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| author                                    |
| ----------------------------------------- |
| Litao Ma (<https://dblp.org/pid/34/6942>) |
| Wei Bian (<https://dblp.org/pid/77/3270>) |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| author                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| Hans-Michael Hanisch (<https://dblp.org/pid/47/341>)        |
| Dirk Missal (<https://dblp.org/pid/81/5040>)                |
| Martin Hirsch 0002 (<https://dblp.org/pid/h/MartinHirsch2>) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?pub WHERE {
  ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829> .
  ?pub dblp:yearOfPublication ?year .
  FILTER ( ?year >= 2023 )
}

Niels Engell Andersen (Andersen, N. Engell) has no publications in the last 2 years in DBLP, so there are no co-authors or affiliation information to report for this period.

List the co-authors of Andersen, N. Engell in the last 2 years and where are they affiliated.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] List the co-authors of Andersen, N. Engell in the last 2 years and where are they affiliated.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the correct entity for "Andersen, N. Engell" in DBLP.
2. We need to find publications authored by this person in the last 2 years (assuming current year is 2024, so 2023 and 2024).
3. For these publications, we need to find all co-authors (excluding Andersen, N. Engell).
4. For each co-author, we need to find their affiliations.

Step 1: Search for the author entity "Andersen, N. Engell" in DBLP.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Niels Engell Andersen, also known as Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>)
2. Terje N. Andersen, also known as Terje N. Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/95/966>)
3. Frederik N. Andersen, also known as Frederik N. Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/377/2374>)
4. Bo N. Andersen, also known as Bo N. Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/287/8305>)
5. Njål Andersen, also known as Njål Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/279/8194>)
6. Nikolaj Andersen, also known as Nikolaj Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/121/4463>)
7. Nils Andersen, also known as Nils Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/13/5382>)
8. Patrick N. Andersen, also known as Patrick N. Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/347/2463>)
9. Nele Andersen, also known as Nele Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/118/4019>)
10. Neal Andersen, also known as Neal Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/213/9224>)

[Assistant]
The top match for "Andersen, N. Engell" is "Niels Engell Andersen" with the DBLP entity IRI: https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829. This seems to be the correct person.

Next, I will:
- Find publications authored by this person in 2023 and 2024.
- Get all co-authors for these publications (excluding Niels Engell Andersen).
- Attempt to retrieve affiliations for these co-authors.

First, let's check which properties are available for author-publication relationships and for affiliations in DBLP.

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                 | property                                     | object                 |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Niels Engell Andersen  |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Niels Engell Andersen  |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator) |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn15601320           |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | rdfs:label                                   | Niels Engell Andersen  |
| Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) | rdf:type                                     | Person (dblp:Person)   |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                                  |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| Niels Engell Andersen et al.: Ap...ntegration of IP and ATM. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cm/AndersenABCDFKM00>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) |
| Niels Engell Andersen et al.: Br...and small business users. (1997) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cm/AndersenNDLEPAD97>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Niels Engell Andersen (<https://dblp.org/pid/286/6829>) |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                            | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Fabrizio Maria Maggi (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/801>) |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Wilfried Verachtert (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/6798>) |
| Albert Ali Salah et al.: Policy ...ons of the D4R Challenge. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/SalahABFMAABBBBBCIKKKKKKM0PRSSSSSTTU19>)       | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Paolo Bosetti (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/9180>)       |
| Marc Roelands et al.: The DiY Sm...t of Things Applications. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/RoelandsPMVSLCSVBHVMGRLDCFMHRNBEARTM11>)    | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Marc Roelands (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/8217>)       |
| Harald Anacker et al.: Methods f...e Design and Development. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/AnackerDFGHHHKKKK0OOPPRRRRSSSTTWXZ14>)      | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Bernd Kleinjohann (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/2717>)   |
| Marilena Alivizatou-Barakou et a...ervation and Development. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/17/Alivizatou-BarakouKTDCNKDBAPTDPPOYCHHCVMMG17>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Sotiris Manitsaris (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/1883>)  |
| Cristina Silvano et al.: The MULTICUBE Design Flow. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/11/SilvanoFPZCMBZAVYWKOTBMPVWD011>)                        | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | William Fornaciari (<https://dblp.org/pid/16/4949>)  |
| Stephen Foreman et al.: Broader ... Dental Data Integration. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/12/ForemanKBMBCPPSKWCHFHTWAMCDS12>)               | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Po-Huang Chyou (<https://dblp.org/pid/131/5974>)     |
| Russell M. Taylor II et al.: Vis...l Systems for Microscopy. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/05/TaylorBBFJJMPQSSSSWWWVGHWR05>)                 | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | David Marshburn (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/3542>)     |
| Jeremy Kepner et al.: New Phenom...e-Scale Internet Traffic. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/crc/22/KepnerCcGMMABBBH00PRRSYM22>)                  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Kenjiro Cho (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/4751>)         |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                                                  |

[Assistant]
It appears that Niels Engell Andersen has only two publications in DBLP, from 1997 and 2000, and none in the last two years (2023 or 2024).

Therefore, there are no co-authors of Andersen, N. Engell in the last 2 years, and thus no affiliation information to report.

I will finalize the answer accordingly.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
ASK WHERE {
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?pub dblp:authoredBy <https://dblp.org/pid/p/JianPei> .
    ?pub dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icdm> .
  }
}

No, Jian Pei has published in ICDM.

Did the author Jian Pei not publish in ICDM?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Did the author Jian Pei not publish in ICDM?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

- The user wants to know if Jian Pei has not published in ICDM.
- This is a negative authorship/venue query.
- According to the notes, for negative authorship or publication existence queries, we should use FILTER NOT EXISTS in an ASK query.

Step 1: Identify the entity for "Jian Pei".
Step 2: Identify the entity or string for the venue "ICDM".
Step 3: Construct an ASK query that checks if there does NOT exist a publication authored by Jian Pei that was published in ICDM.

Let's start by searching for the author entity for "Jian Pei".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jian Pei 0001, also known as Jian Pei (<https://dblp.org/pid/p/JianPei>)
2. Jian Pei 0002, also known as Jian Pei (<https://dblp.org/pid/315/0931-2>)
3. Jian Pei 0003, also known as Jian Pei (<https://dblp.org/pid/315/0931-3>)
4. Jian Pei (disambiguation), also known as Jian Pei (<https://dblp.org/pid/315/0931>)
5. Pei Jiang 0006, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/237/1412>)
6. Pei Jiang 0003, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/88/8012-3>)
7. Pei Jiang 0010, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/388/2248>)
8. Pei Jiang 0009, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/384/1858>)
9. Pei Jiang 0008, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/283/3228>)
10. Pei Jiang 0007, also known as Pei Jiang (<https://dblp.org/pid/281/0727>)

[Assistant]
There are multiple "Jian Pei" entities, but the most likely candidate is "Jian Pei 0001" (<https://dblp.org/pid/p/JianPei>), as this is the canonical form for the well-known data mining researcher.

Next, let's search for the venue "ICDM" to find its entity or string representation in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Welcome to ICDM 2005. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icdm/X05a>)
2. IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icdm>)
3. International Conference on Digi...facturing and Automation (ICDMA) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icdma>)
4. Giuseppe Di Fatta et al.: The IEEE ICDM 2020 Workshops. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icdm/FattaSC20>)
5. Lukasz Romaszko: IEEE ICDM 2010 ...affic Prediction -- Jams. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icdm/Romaszko10>)
6. Wei Shen et al.: Editorial of Special Issue of ICDM 2019. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/dase/ShenZYW20>)
7. Michael Stewart et al.: ICDM 201... Graph Contest: Team UWA. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icdm/StewartE019>)
8. Hakim Hacid et al.: Special issue on SIASP at ICDM 2010. (2013) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jiis/HacidYF13>)
9. Leonard Myers and Jens Pohl: ICD...ision Making-In Practice. (1994) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ictai/MyersP94>)
10. Michael Stewart et al.: ICDM 201... Graph Contest: Team UWA. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1909-01807>)

[Assistant]
The correct venue entity for "ICDM" (IEEE International Conference on Data Mining) is:
<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icdm>

Now, let's construct an ASK query using FILTER NOT EXISTS to check if there does NOT exist a publication authored by Jian Pei (<https://dblp.org/pid/p/JianPei>) that was published in ICDM (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icdm>).

We'll use:
- dblp:authoredBy for author-publication relationship.
- dblp:publishedInStream for the venue.

Let's proceed to construct and execute the ASK query.

[Tool] False

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?venue ?venueLabel WHERE {
  VALUES ?pub {
    <https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>
  }
  ?pub dblp:publishedInStream ?venue .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?venue rdfs:label ?venueLabel .
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| venue                                                                                | venueLabel                                                |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>)       | International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV)     |
| Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/series/ccis>) | Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) |

The publication 'Coverless Video Steganography Based on Inter Frame Combination' was published in the International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV).

'Coverless Video Steganography Based on Inter Frame Combination' was published in which venue?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp with notes:
1. Use dblp:authoredBy to reliably link publications to authors. Query from the publication side for author-publication relationships, as direct links from author entities may be incomplete or missing.
2. dblp:publishedIn and dblp:publishedInStream are both used for venues; publishedIn can be a string or entity, while publishedInStream is always an entity. Prefer publishedInStream when available for reliable venue queries.
3. For publication year, use dblp:yearOfPublication (xsd:gYear) from the publication entity. The property dblp:year is often missing or unreliable.
4. SPARQL queries with GROUP BY, LIMIT, ORDER BY, or aggregate functions (MIN, MAX, AVG) may not work as expected in dblp. Retrieve all grouped results and post-process to find min/max/avg or desired ordering.
5. Publication titles and venue labels may be inconsistently present (dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, dblp:title). Use OPTIONAL for all likely properties. If data is missing, use the list function to inspect all properties for alternatives.
6. When searching for authors or venues, multiple candidates may be returned. Use additional context (e.g., co-authors, publication titles, years) to disambiguate and select the correct entity.
7. For venue queries, try both entity IRIs (e.g., streams) and string literals, as some publications may only be linked via one or the other. Consider using FILTER or UNION to cover both cases.
8. For negative authorship or publication existence queries, use FILTER NOT EXISTS in ASK queries to check for the absence of a relationship (e.g., not authored by a specific person).
9. dblp:title is an additional property for publication titles. If dc:title, rdfs:label, or schema:name are missing, check dblp:title as it may contain the full or canonical title.
10. Affiliation data (e.g., primaryAffiliation) for authors is often missing or unreliable in dblp. Queries about author institutions or collaborations based on affiliation may not yield results or may require external validation.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] 'Coverless Video Steganography Based on Inter Frame Combination' was published in which venue?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the venue (conference, journal, etc.) where the publication titled "Coverless Video Steganography Based on Inter Frame Combination" was published.
2. In dblp, publication titles can be found under several properties: dc:title, rdfs:label, schema:name, and dblp:title.
3. The venue is typically linked via dblp:publishedInStream (entity) or dblp:publishedIn (string or entity).

Step 1: Search for the publication entity by its title.
Step 2: Retrieve its venue using dblp:publishedInStream and/or dblp:publishedIn.

First, I will search for the publication entity using the title.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>)
2. Nan Li et al.: Robust coverless ...-frame keypoint matching. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/istr/LiQXT23>)
3. Laijin Meng et al.: A Robust Cov...milarity of Inter-Frames. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tmm/MengJSZX24>)
4. Yun Tan et al.: Coverless Stegan...Motion Analysis of Video. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/scn/TanQXZW21>)
5. Laijin Meng et al.: Coverless Vi... Maximum DC Coefficients. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2012-06809>)
6. Yangping Lin et al.: Robust vide... channel-space attention. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jei/Lin00CZ022>)
7. Ge Li et al.: Depth Video Inter ...on Deep Frame Generation. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tbc/LiLPPL24>)
8. Haoyue Tian et al.: Video Frame ...Deformable Kernel Region. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ijcai/TianGP22>)
9. Haoyue Tian et al.: Video Frame ...Deformable Kernel Region. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2204-11396>)
10. Yueshuang Jiao et al.: A robust ... on asymmetric structure. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jvcir/JiaoZLLLL24>)

[Tool]
Got 36 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn420251                                                                                |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Wenbo Wan (<https://dblp.org/pid/142/0297>)                                                  |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Wenbo Wan (<https://dblp.org/pid/142/0297>)                                                  |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72073-5_11>                                               |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Inproceedings                                                                         |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 4 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | title (dblp:title)                         | Coverless Video Steganography Based on Inter Frame Combination.                              |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2021 (xsd:gYear)                                                                             |
| Liming Zou et al.: Coverless Vid... Inter Frame Combination. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/isgv/ZouWW021>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/isgv/isgv2021>                                                     |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                                     | object                                                |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://link.springer.com/conference/isgv>           |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle)               | International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | indexPage (dblp:indexPage)                   | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/isgv/index>                 |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | primaryStreamTitle (dblp:primaryStreamTitle) | International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn41628426                                          |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | rdf:type                                     | Conference (dblp:Conference)                          |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | rdfs:label                                   | International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) |
| International Symposium on Geometry and Vision (ISGV) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/isgv>) | rdf:type                                     | Stream (dblp:Stream)                                  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process