PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?paper ?title ?year WHERE {
  ?proceedings dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir> .
  ?paper dblp:publishedAsPartOf ?proceedings .
  ?paper dblp:title ?title .
  ?paper dblp:yearOfPublication ?year .
}

Got 6,716 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| paper                                                                                | title                                                               | year             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Dietrich Boles et al.: MeDoc Inf... and Full Text Databases. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/BolesDG96>)         | MeDoc Information Broker - Harne...erature and Full Text Databases. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Grace Crowder and Charles Nicola...ed Information Retrieval. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/CrowderN96>)        | Resource Selection in CAFE: an A...Networked Information Retrieval. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Martin Doerr: Authority Services...is and feasibility study. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Doerr96>)           | Authority Services in Global Inf... analysis and feasibility study. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Paul Francis: A Global, Self-con...Discovery Infrastructure. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Francis96>)         | A Global, Self-configuring Information Discovery Infrastructure.    | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Norbert Fuhr: Optimum Database Selection in Networked IR. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Fuhr96>)               | Optimum Database Selection in Networked IR.                         | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                 | ...              |
| Guido Zuccon et al.: The interac...ifying document rankings. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconAR11>)      | The interactive PRP for diversifying document rankings.             | 2011 (xsd:gYear) |
| Guido Zuccon and Bevan Koopman: ... Consumers to Clinicians. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconK17>)       | SIGIR 2017 Tutorial on Health Se...ay from Consumers to Clinicians. | 2017 (xsd:gYear) |
| Guido Zuccon and Bevan Koopman: ... Consumers to Clinicians. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconK18>)       | SIGIR 2018 Tutorial on Health Se...ay from Consumers to Clinicians. | 2018 (xsd:gYear) |
| Stefan Zwicklbauer et al.: Robus...ough Semantic Embeddings. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZwicklbauerSG16>) | Robust and Collective Entity Dis...ion through Semantic Embeddings. | 2016 (xsd:gYear) |
| Roelof van Zwol et al.: Machine ...ranking of entity facets. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZwolPMS10>)       | Machine learned ranking of entity facets.                           | 2010 (xsd:gYear) |

This query returns all papers published in SIGIR, including only those with both a title and a publication year, as explicitly requested.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] All papers published in SIGIR with title and publication year

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find all papers published in SIGIR.
2. For each paper, we want the title and publication year.

Step 1: Identify the entity for SIGIR in the DBLP knowledge graph.
Step 2: Identify how to find papers published in a specific venue (SIGIR).
Step 3: Identify properties for title and publication year.

Let's start by searching for the SIGIR entity in DBLP.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)
2. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80d>)
3. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75e>)
4. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75l>)
5. SIGIR News. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76g>)
6. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80i>)
7. SIGIR Bylaws. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76e>)
8. Deniz Sigirli, also known as Deniz Sigirli (<https://dblp.org/pid/328/2256>)
9. Silpa Sigireddy, also known as Silpa Sigireddy (<https://dblp.org/pid/69/5396>)
10. Announcement: SIGIR 1986. (1986) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X86e>)

[Assistant]
The search for "SIGIR" in DBLP returns "SIGIR Forum" as the top entity, but this is the journal, not the conference. The user likely means the SIGIR conference, which is a major venue in information retrieval.

Let's try searching for "SIGIR conference" to see if there is a more precise entity for the conference series.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Announcement: SIGIR Conference 1978. (1978) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X78a>)
2. CfP: SIGIR Conference 1978. (1977) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X77e>)
3. CfP: SIGIR Conference 1979. (1979) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X79g>)
4. Announcement - SIGIR Conference 1978. (1977) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X77o>)
5. SIGIR Conference 1981 - Announcement. (1981) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X81a>)
6. Conference (dblp:Conference): A conference or workshop series.
7. SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)
8. Tcl/Tk Conference (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/tcltk>)
9. ASL Conference (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/asl>)
10. ALGO Conference (ALGO) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/algo>)

[Assistant]
The search did not return a direct entity for the SIGIR conference series, but in DBLP, conferences are often represented as "streams" with IRIs like https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir.

Let's try searching for "conf/sigir" to see if we can find the correct entity for the SIGIR conference series.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant]
The direct search for "conf/sigir" did not return results, but based on DBLP's URL conventions, the SIGIR conference series is likely represented as https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir.

Let's try listing triples with this as the subject to see if it is a valid entity and what properties are associated with it.

[Tool]
Got 23 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                     | object                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q105694973                                                       |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://dl.acm.org/conference/ir>                                  |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle)               | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | indexPage (dblp:indexPage)                   | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/sigir/index>                              |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | primaryStreamTitle (dblp:primaryStreamTitle) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | relatedStream (dblp:relatedStream)           | SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)             |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | subStream (dblp:subStream)                   | Workshop on eCommerce (eCom) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ecom>) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | formerStreamTitle (dblp:formerStreamTitle)   | International Conference on Information Storage and Retrieval       |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | rdf:type                                     | Conference (dblp:Conference)                                        |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn40546065                                                        |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                          | ...                                                                 |

[Assistant]
We have confirmed that the SIGIR conference series is represented by the entity:
https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir

Now, we need to find all papers published in this conference series. In DBLP, papers are typically linked to their venue (conference series or specific event) via properties like dblp:publishedIn or similar.

Let's search for properties related to "published in" or "venue" to see how papers are linked to the conference series.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
2. published as part of (dblp:publishedAsPartOf): The publication has been published as a part of the other publication., Publication
3. published in journal (dblp:publishedInJournal): The name of the journal in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), publishedIn, Publication
4. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
5. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
6. published in journal volume (dblp:publishedInJournalVolume): The volume of the journal in which the publication has been publ...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. published in journal volume issue (dblp:publishedInJournalVolumeIssue): The issue of the journal in which the publication has been publi...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
8. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
9. publication note (dblp:publicationNote): An additional note to the publication., Publication
10. published in book chapter (dblp:publishedInBookChapter): The chapter of the book in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication

[Assistant]
The property dblp:publishedIn is likely the one linking papers to their venue (conference series or journal).

Next, we need to find papers where dblp:publishedIn is the SIGIR conference series entity (https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir). For each paper, we want the title and publication year. From the previous property search, we also see dblp:yearOfPublication for the year.

Let's search for the property for the title to confirm its exact name.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. title (dblp:title): The title of the publication., Publication
2. stream title (dblp:streamTitle): A title of the stream., Stream
3. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. primary stream title (dblp:primaryStreamTitle): The primary title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
5. isbn (dblp:isbn): An International Standard Book Number., Publication, identifier
6. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. former stream title (dblp:formerStreamTitle): A former title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
8. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
9. index page (dblp:indexPage): The URL of the dblp stream index page for this stream., Stream
10. document page (dblp:documentPage): The URL of the electronic edition of the publication., Publication, webpage

[Assistant]
The property for the title is dblp:title.

Now, let's construct a SPARQL query to:
- Find all papers (?paper) where ?paper dblp:publishedIn https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir
- Retrieve the title (?title) and year of publication (?year) for each paper

We will use OPTIONAL for the title and year in case some entries are missing these fields.

Here is the SPARQL query:

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The query returned no results. This suggests that papers may not be directly linked to the conference series entity (https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir) via dblp:publishedIn. In DBLP, papers are often linked to specific conference event instances (e.g., SIGIR 2022, SIGIR 2021), which are then associated with the series.

Let's investigate how papers are linked to SIGIR by:
1. Listing triples for a known SIGIR event (e.g., SIGIR 2022).
2. Searching for how these event instances are related to the series.

Let's search for "SIGIR 2022" to find the entity for a specific event.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Corrigendum. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/caaitrit/X22>)
2. Erratum. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cacie/X22e>)
3. Corrigendum. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/iet-ipr/X22>)
4. Corrigendum. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ijcta/X22>)
5. Correction. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ijcim/X22>)
6. Retraction. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jifs/X22b>)
7. NOTICES. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/bsl/X22h>)
8. News. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/dbsk/X22d>)
9. Frontmatter. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/egve/X22a>)
10. Frontmatter. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/egve/X22>)

[Assistant]
The search for "SIGIR 2022" did not return a direct match for the conference event. This suggests that the naming convention in DBLP may differ or that the event is referenced differently.

Let's try searching for "SIGIR" and look for entities that represent specific years or events, such as "SIGIR 2021" or "SIGIR 2019".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)
2. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80d>)
3. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75e>)
4. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75l>)
5. SIGIR News. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76g>)
6. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80i>)
7. SIGIR Bylaws. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76e>)
8. Deniz Sigirli, also known as Deniz Sigirli (<https://dblp.org/pid/328/2256>)
9. Silpa Sigireddy, also known as Silpa Sigireddy (<https://dblp.org/pid/69/5396>)
10. Announcement: SIGIR 1986. (1986) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X86e>)

[Assistant]
The search results do not show specific SIGIR conference event entities (like "SIGIR 2022"). However, based on DBLP's URL conventions, conference events are often represented as "https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/YYYY" (e.g., https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022).

Let's try listing triples for "https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022" to see if it is a valid entity and how it is structured.

[Tool]
Got 41 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                       | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)               | _:bn37071493                                                                                |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                     | Ben Carterette (<https://dblp.org/pid/61/5238>)                                                             |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream)     | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)               | <https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495>                                                                           |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)                   | bibtex:Proceedings                                                                                |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)       | 6 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | title (dblp:title)                             | SIGIR '22: The 45th Internationa...adrid, Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022                                         |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication)     | 2022 (xsd:gYear)                                                                                |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)         | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/sigir/sigir2022>                                                                  |
| Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) | primaryDocumentPage (dblp:primaryDocumentPage) | <https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495>                                                                           |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                            | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The entity https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022 represents the proceedings of SIGIR 2022. It is linked to the SIGIR series via dblp:publishedInStream.

To find all papers published in SIGIR, we need to:
1. Find all proceedings linked to the SIGIR series via dblp:publishedInStream.
2. For each proceedings, find the papers published within them.

Let's check how papers are linked to proceedings. We'll list triples for a known SIGIR 2022 paper. To do this, let's search for a paper from SIGIR 2022.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Regular Papers. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/ia/X22a>)
2. Zhiyuan Zhang: Poster Paper Placeholder. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/amcc/Zhang22>)
3. Best Paper Awards for 2020. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cssp/X22>)
4. 2022 JETTA-TTTC Best Paper Award. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/et/X23f>)
5. Best Paper Awards for 2022. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/cssp/X24>)
6. COAP 2022 Best Paper Prize. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/coap/X23>)
7. 2021 JETTA-TTTC Best Paper Award. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/et/X22e>)
8. Shaohui Li: Dataset for Paper. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/data/10/Li22x>)
9. Sobhan Chatterjee: Compositional Paper Dataset. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/data/10/Chatterjee22>)
10. Zebin Jiang: DATASET OF MY PAPER. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/data/10/Jiang22a>)

[Assistant]
The search did not return a direct SIGIR 2022 paper. However, based on DBLP's URL conventions, papers in proceedings are often represented as "https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/YYYY/PaperID".

Let's try listing triples for a hypothetical paper, such as "https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022/paper1", to see if this pattern works.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The attempt to list triples for a hypothetical paper did not yield results, suggesting that the paper IRIs may not follow this exact pattern or may not be indexed as such.

Given that proceedings are linked to the SIGIR series via dblp:publishedInStream, and that proceedings have a table of contents (TOC) page (dblp:listedOnTocPage), let's try to find papers that are linked to the proceedings entity (e.g., https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022) via a property such as dblp:publishedAsPartOf or similar.

Let's search for properties related to "published as part of" to see how papers are linked to proceedings.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. published as part of (dblp:publishedAsPartOf): The publication has been published as a part of the other publication., Publication
2. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
3. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
4. published in journal (dblp:publishedInJournal): The name of the journal in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), publishedIn, Publication
5. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
6. published in journal volume (dblp:publishedInJournalVolume): The volume of the journal in which the publication has been publ...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. published in journal volume issue (dblp:publishedInJournalVolumeIssue): The issue of the journal in which the publication has been publi...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
8. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
9. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
10. publication note (dblp:publicationNote): An additional note to the publication., Publication

[Assistant]
The property dblp:publishedAsPartOf is likely used to link a paper to the proceedings in which it appears.

Let's confirm this by listing triples where the object is the SIGIR 2022 proceedings entity (https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022) and the property is dblp:publishedAsPartOf.

[Tool]
Got 444 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Wen Zhang et al.: NeuralKG: An O...ning of Knowledge Graphs. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZhangCYCZYHXZXY22>) | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Shitao Xiao et al.: Distill-VQ: ...ge from Dense Embeddings. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/XiaoLHZLGCYSSX22>)  | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Tengteng Lin et al.: ACORDAR: A ... (RDF) Dataset Retrieval. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/LinC0SEZS0GK22>)    | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Dingkun Long et al.: Multi-CPR: ...et for Passage Retrieval. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/LongGZXXGXJXY22>)   | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Xiaoxiao Xu et al.: Gating-adapt...deling in CTR Prediction. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/XuFYHFLHPLSN22>)    | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Kexuan Sun et al.: Assessing Sci...rs with Knowledge Graphs. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/0002QSHLBM0LP22>)   | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Minghao Zhao et al.: Investigati... Collaborative Filtering. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/0002WLCZDWSLW22>)   | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Yingqiang Ge et al.: Explainable Fairness in Recommendation. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/GeTZXL0FGLZ22>)     | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Zhaoxin Huan et al.: An Industri...n in Zero-Shot Scenarios. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/HuanZZZWGGHZM22>)   | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| Jiarui Qin et al.: RankFlow: Joi...Ranking Systems as Flows. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/QinZ0LLTZY022>)     | publishedAsPartOf (dblp:publishedAsPartOf) | Enrique Amigó et al.: SIGIR '22:...Spain, July 11 - 15, 2022 (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/2022>) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
We have confirmed that papers are linked to the proceedings via dblp:publishedAsPartOf.

To get all SIGIR papers, we need to:
1. Find all proceedings linked to the SIGIR series via dblp:publishedInStream.
2. For each proceedings, find all papers linked via dblp:publishedAsPartOf.
3. For each paper, retrieve the title (dblp:title) and publication year (dblp:yearOfPublication).

Let's construct a SPARQL query that does this for all years.

[Tool]
Got 6,716 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| paper                                                                                | title                                                               | year             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Dietrich Boles et al.: MeDoc Inf... and Full Text Databases. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/BolesDG96>)         | MeDoc Information Broker - Harne...erature and Full Text Databases. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Grace Crowder and Charles Nicola...ed Information Retrieval. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/CrowderN96>)        | Resource Selection in CAFE: an A...Networked Information Retrieval. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Martin Doerr: Authority Services...is and feasibility study. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Doerr96>)           | Authority Services in Global Inf... analysis and feasibility study. | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Paul Francis: A Global, Self-con...Discovery Infrastructure. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Francis96>)         | A Global, Self-configuring Information Discovery Infrastructure.    | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| Norbert Fuhr: Optimum Database Selection in Networked IR. (1996) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/nir/Fuhr96>)               | Optimum Database Selection in Networked IR.                         | 1996 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                 | ...              |
| Guido Zuccon et al.: The interac...ifying document rankings. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconAR11>)      | The interactive PRP for diversifying document rankings.             | 2011 (xsd:gYear) |
| Guido Zuccon and Bevan Koopman: ... Consumers to Clinicians. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconK17>)       | SIGIR 2017 Tutorial on Health Se...ay from Consumers to Clinicians. | 2017 (xsd:gYear) |
| Guido Zuccon and Bevan Koopman: ... Consumers to Clinicians. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZucconK18>)       | SIGIR 2018 Tutorial on Health Se...ay from Consumers to Clinicians. | 2018 (xsd:gYear) |
| Stefan Zwicklbauer et al.: Robus...ough Semantic Embeddings. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZwicklbauerSG16>) | Robust and Collective Entity Dis...ion through Semantic Embeddings. | 2016 (xsd:gYear) |
| Roelof van Zwol et al.: Machine ...ranking of entity facets. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZwolPMS10>)       | Machine learned ranking of entity facets.                           | 2010 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct and returns papers published in SIGIR, along with their titles and publication years. However, the use of OPTIONAL for both title and year is not ideal for this question, since the user explicitly requested both the title and publication year for each paper. The query should require that both the title and year are present, by removing the OPTIONAL clauses. This will ensure that only papers with both a title and a publication year are returned, matching the user's request more precisely.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: since the user explicitly requested both the title and publication year for each paper, the query should require these fields to be present, not optional.

To refine the query:
- Remove the OPTIONAL clauses for title and year.
- Require that each paper has both a dblp:title and dblp:yearOfPublication.

Here is the improved SPARQL query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and complete. It retrieves all papers published in SIGIR by first identifying proceedings published in the SIGIR stream, then finding papers published as part of those proceedings, and finally extracting the title and year of publication for each paper. The query returns the IRIs of the papers as required, and includes the requested title and year fields. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?substream ( COUNT( * ) AS ?count ) ( ( COUNT( * ) * 100.0 / ?total ) AS ?percentage ) WHERE {
  ?mainstream dblp:subStream ?substream .
  {
    SELECT ( COUNT( * ) AS ?total ) WHERE {
      ?mainstream dblp:subStream ?substream .
    }
  }
}
GROUP BY ?substream ?total
ORDER BY DESC ( ?count )

Got 1,062 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| substream                                                                                | count       | percentage              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------- | ----------------------- |
| Workshop on Social Media Mining ...esearch and Applications (SMM4H) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/smm4h>)        | 5 (xsd:int) | 0.412541 (xsd:decimal)  |
| Workshop on Economics of Network...ystems and Computation (NetEcon) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/netecon>)      | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Location and the Web (LocWeb) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/locweb>)                   | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Statistical Relational AI (StarAI) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/starai>)              | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Data m...gies in Explainable AI (DAO-XAI) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/daoxai>)       | 3 (xsd:int) | 0.247525 (xsd:decimal)  |
| ...                                                                                | ...         | ...                     |
| Workshop on Software Model Checking (SoftMC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/softmc>)                              | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| International Workshop on Softwa...neeting for Startups (SoftStart) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/softstart-ws>) | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| International Workshop on iSoftware Health (SoHeal) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/soheal-ws>)                    | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| Workshop on Structural Operational Semantics (SOS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sos>)                           | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| SIAM Symposium on Simplicity in Algorithms (SOSA) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sosa>)                           | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |

The count and percentage frequency of stream subtype entities (i.e., substreams such as workshops or sub-conferences) can be obtained with this query. Most substreams appear only once as a subtype, but a few appear multiple times (e.g., 'Workshop on Social Media Mining ...esearch and Applications (SMM4H)' appears 5 times, making up about 0.41% of all substream links). The percentage frequency for each substream is calculated as (count / total substreams) * 100. The vast majority of substreams have a count of 1 and a percentage of about 0.08%.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Count and percentage frequency of the stream subtype entities

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are asked for the count and percentage frequency of "stream subtype entities".
2. First, I need to identify what "stream subtype" refers to in the DBLP knowledge graph. It likely refers to a property or class related to publication streams (e.g., conference, journal, workshop, etc.), and their subtypes.

Step 1: Search for entities related to "stream subtype" in DBLP to identify the correct class or property.

I'll start by searching for "stream subtype" as an entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Stream (dblp:Stream): A publication stream, i.e., a venue or source for publications.
2. streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle): A title of the stream.
3. StreamInsight. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/gis/X17xwb>)
4. Streams. (2008) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/gis/X08xpg>)
5. Streams. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/gis/X17xwc>)
6. Stream Mining. (2010) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/ml/X10ur>)
7. Stream Mining. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/ml/X17vv>)
8. Stream Processing. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/parallel/X11pn>)
9. Data Stream Processing. (2009) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/db/X09mp>)
10. Data Stream Algorithm. (2009) (<https://dblp.org/rec/reference/db/X09mo>)

[Assistant]
From the search results, the most relevant entity is dblp:Stream, which is described as a publication stream (venue or source for publications). There is no direct mention of "stream subtype", but it is likely that subtypes are modeled as subclasses or properties of dblp:Stream.

Next, I will search for properties related to "subtype" to see if there is a property that links a stream to its subtype.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. sub stream (dblp:subStream): This stream is (or was) a part of the other stream., relatedStream, Stream
2. is version of (dblp:isVersionOf): The publication is a version of another, more general (concept) publication., Publication
3. is version (dblp:isVersion): The publication is a version of another, more general (concept) publication., VersionRelation, Publication
4. bibtex type (dblp:bibtexType): The bibtex type of the publication, e.g. book, inproceedings, etc., Publication
5. version concept (dblp:versionConcept): The linked general (concept) publication., VersionRelation, Publication
6. issn (dblp:issn): An International Standard Serial Number., identifier, Stream
7. version ordinal (dblp:versionOrdinal): The ordinal number of the specific (instance) publication versio...ge, nor is there a necessary relationship to the version labels., VersionRelation
8. iso4 (dblp:iso4): The stream's ISO4 abbreviation., Stream
9. version instance (dblp:versionInstance): The linked specific (instance) publication version., VersionRelation, Publication
10. webpage (dblp:webpage): The URL of a web page about this item., Entity

[Assistant]
The property dblp:subStream appears to be the most relevant, as it indicates a stream that is (or was) part of another stream—this could be interpreted as a "subtype" or sub-venue.

To answer the question, I need to:
- Find all entities that are objects of the dblp:subStream property (i.e., substreams).
- Count the frequency of each unique substream entity.
- Calculate the percentage frequency for each.

First, I will list some example triples using the dblp:subStream property to confirm its usage and structure.

[Tool]
Got 1,212 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                   | object                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icse>)              | subStream (dblp:subStream) | International Workshop on Scruti...t-Out at the Agile Corral (APOS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/apos>)        |
| Electronic Imaging Symposium (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ei>)                                           | subStream (dblp:subStream) | 3D Imaging and Applications (3DIA) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/3dica>)                                        |
| International Conference for Hig...rking, Storage and Analysis (SC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sc>)    | subStream (dblp:subStream) | International Workshop on Artifi...r Scientific Applications (AI4S) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ai4s>)        |
| Annual ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ccs>)   | subStream (dblp:subStream) | Workshop on Security and Artificial Intelligence (AISec) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/aisec-ws>)               |
| ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigcomm>)                                  | subStream (dblp:subStream) | Workshop on 5G and Beyond Networ...odeling, and Use Cases (5G-MeMU) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/5g-memu>)     |
| European Conference on Computer Systems (EuroSys) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/eurosys>)                 | subStream (dblp:subStream) | International Workshop on Automa...ident Management in Cloud (AIMC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/aimc>)        |
| ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/mm>)                        | subStream (dblp:subStream) | International Workshop on Automa...on in Media Production (AIEMPro) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/aiempro>)     |
| IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/re>)            | subStream (dblp:subStream) | International Workshop on Affect...uirements Engineering (AffectRE) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/affectre-ws>) |
| ACM SIGMOD Conference (SIGMOD) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigmod>)                                     | subStream (dblp:subStream) | <https://dblp.org/conf/vdbs>                                                                                |
| European Joint Conferences on Th...And Practice of Software (ETAPS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/etaps>) | subStream (dblp:subStream) | Workshop on Bytecode Semantics, ...is and Transformation (Bytecode) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/bytecode>)    |
| ...                                                                                | ...                        | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the triples, the structure is:
- The subject is a main stream (e.g., a conference).
- The object is a substream (e.g., a workshop or sub-conference).

To answer the question, I need to:
- Count how many times each unique substream entity (object) appears as a substream.
- Calculate the percentage frequency for each substream entity.

However, since each substream is likely unique (i.e., each object is a unique workshop/venue), the count for each will likely be 1. But to be thorough, I'll check for any duplicates and then calculate the percentage.

I'll write a SPARQL query to:
- GROUP BY the substream (object of dblp:subStream)
- COUNT the occurrences
- Calculate the percentage frequency

Let's proceed to construct and execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 1,062 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| substream                                                                                | count       | percentage              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------- | ----------------------- |
| Workshop on Social Media Mining ...esearch and Applications (SMM4H) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/smm4h>)        | 5 (xsd:int) | 0.412541 (xsd:decimal)  |
| Workshop on Economics of Network...ystems and Computation (NetEcon) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/netecon>)      | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Location and the Web (LocWeb) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/locweb>)                   | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Statistical Relational AI (StarAI) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/starai>)              | 4 (xsd:int) | 0.330033 (xsd:decimal)  |
| International Workshop on Data m...gies in Explainable AI (DAO-XAI) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/daoxai>)       | 3 (xsd:int) | 0.247525 (xsd:decimal)  |
| ...                                                                                | ...         | ...                     |
| Workshop on Software Model Checking (SoftMC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/softmc>)                              | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| International Workshop on Softwa...neeting for Startups (SoftStart) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/softstart-ws>) | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| International Workshop on iSoftware Health (SoHeal) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/soheal-ws>)                    | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| Workshop on Structural Operational Semantics (SOS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sos>)                           | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |
| SIAM Symposium on Simplicity in Algorithms (SOSA) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sosa>)                           | 1 (xsd:int) | 0.0825083 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly computes both the count and percentage frequency of each substream entity by grouping on the substream and using a subquery to get the total number of substream links. The query returns the IRIs of the substreams as required, and the answer matches the user's request for both count and percentage frequency. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?subtype ( COUNT( ?instance ) AS ?count ) ( ( COUNT( ?instance ) * 100.0 / ?total ) AS ?percentage ) WHERE {
  {
    SELECT ( SUM( ?c ) AS ?total ) WHERE {
      {
        SELECT ( COUNT( ?i ) AS ?c ) WHERE {
          ?i a dblp:Group
        }
      } UNION {
        SELECT ( COUNT( ?i ) AS ?c ) WHERE {
          ?i a dblp:Person
        }
      } UNION {
        SELECT ( COUNT( ?i ) AS ?c ) WHERE {
          ?i a dblp:AmbiguousCreator
        }
      }
    }
  }
  VALUES ?subtype {
    dblp:Group dblp:Person dblp:AmbiguousCreator
  }
  ?instance a ?subtype .
}
GROUP BY ?subtype ?total

The count and percentage frequency of creator subtypes in DBLP are:
- dblp:Person: 3,758,902 (99.32%)
- dblp:AmbiguousCreator: 25,405 (0.67%)
- dblp:Group: 380 (0.01%)

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Count and percentage frequency of the creator subtype entities

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find entities that are subtypes of "creator" in the DBLP knowledge graph.
2. For each subtype, we need to count how many times it appears (frequency).
3. We also need to calculate the percentage frequency for each subtype.

Step 1: Identify the "creator" entity and its subtypes in DBLP. "Creator" is likely a class or property related to authorship or contribution.

Step 2: Find the property or class used for "creator" and see how subtypes are modeled (e.g., as subclasses or rdf:type).

Step 3: For each subtype, count the number of instances and calculate the percentage.

First, let's search for the "creator" entity in DBLP.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Creator (dblp:Creator): A creator of a publication.
2. creatorname (dblp:creatorName): The full name of the creator.
3. creatorOf (dblp:creatorOf): The creator of the publication.
4. creatorNote (dblp:creatorNote): An additional note about the creator.
5. Celestino Creatore, also known as Celestino Creatore (<https://dblp.org/pid/236/0870>)
6. Dan Smith: eRebuild Level Creator. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/icccrea/Smith18>)
7. Robert G. Ferrell: /dev/random: Discontent Creator. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/usenix-login/Ferrell20c>)
8. Tomotaka Takahashi: Robot Designer or Robot Creator. (2007) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ro-man/Takahashi07>)
9. Bill Hancock: Melissa Virus Creator Pleads Guilty. (2000) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/compsec/HancockW00h>)
10. Miriam Sturdee: Who Creates for the Creators? (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/interactions/Sturdee24a>)

[Assistant]
From the search results, the most relevant entity for "creator" as a class is dblp:Creator, described as "A creator of a publication."

To find subtypes, we need to check if there are subclasses of dblp:Creator (e.g., using rdfs:subClassOf or similar properties), or if there are different rdf:types used for creators in DBLP.

Next, let's check for subclasses of dblp:Creator using rdfs:subClassOf.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                  | property        | object                 |
| ---------------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------------------- |
| Group (dblp:Group)                       | rdfs:subClassOf | Creator (dblp:Creator) |
| Person (dblp:Person)                     | rdfs:subClassOf | Creator (dblp:Creator) |
| AmbiguousCreator (dblp:AmbiguousCreator) | rdfs:subClassOf | Creator (dblp:Creator) |

[Assistant]
We found three subtypes of dblp:Creator:
- dblp:Group
- dblp:Person
- dblp:AmbiguousCreator

Now, we need to count the number of instances of each subtype (i.e., how many entities are of type dblp:Group, dblp:Person, and dblp:AmbiguousCreator), and calculate their percentage frequency.

Let's write a SPARQL query to count the number of instances for each subtype.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| subtype                                  | count             |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------------- |
| AmbiguousCreator (dblp:AmbiguousCreator) | 25405 (xsd:int)   |
| Group (dblp:Group)                       | 380 (xsd:int)     |
| Person (dblp:Person)                     | 3758902 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
We have the counts for each creator subtype:
- dblp:AmbiguousCreator: 25,405
- dblp:Group: 380
- dblp:Person: 3,758,902

Now, let's calculate the percentage frequency for each subtype. First, we need the total number of creator instances, which is the sum of these counts.

Total = 25,405 + 380 + 3,758,902 = 3,784,687

Now, let's write a SPARQL query that returns both the count and the percentage frequency for each subtype.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subtype                                  | count             | percentage              |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------- |
| AmbiguousCreator (dblp:AmbiguousCreator) | 25405 (xsd:int)   | 0.671258 (xsd:decimal)  |
| Group (dblp:Group)                       | 380 (xsd:int)     | 0.0100405 (xsd:decimal) |
| Person (dblp:Person)                     | 3758902 (xsd:int) | 99.3187 (xsd:decimal)   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the instances of each creator subtype (Person, AmbiguousCreator, Group) and calculates their percentage frequency relative to the total. The query returns the IRIs of the subtypes as required, and all computation is performed within SPARQL. The answer matches the query result and is complete and correct for the user's question.