PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?river ?mouth ?riverLabel ?mouthLabel WHERE {
  ?river a dbo:River .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?river dbp:source ?source .
    FILTER ( regex( str( ?source ) , "zambia" , "i" ) )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?river dbp:origin ?origin .
    FILTER ( regex( str( ?origin ) , "zambia" , "i" ) )
  }
  FILTER ( bound( ?source ) || bound( ?origin ) ) OPTIONAL {
    ?river dbp:mouth ?mouth .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?mouth rdfs:label ?mouthLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?mouthLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?river rdfs:label ?riverLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?riverLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

This query finds all rivers whose source or origin contains 'Zambia' in its description, and returns their mouths (if available) as IRIs, with optional English labels for both river and mouth.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where do the rivers starting from Zambia end?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find rivers that start in Zambia.
2. For each such river, we need to find where it ends (its mouth or endpoint).

Step 1: Identify the entity for Zambia and the property for "starting from" (source location) and "ending" (mouth location) for rivers.

First, let's search for the entity "Zambia" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Zambia (dbr:Zambia): Zambia , which is officially the Republic of Zambia (Tonga: Cisi... to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west.
2. Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Zambia>)
3. Livingstone, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Livingstone,_Zambia>)
4. Mansa, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mansa,_Zambia>): Mansa is the capital of the Luapula Province of Zambia, and head...ula River. During British rule the city was named Fort Rosebery.
5. Kasama, Zambia, also known as Aba saamike akatambala ku chimuti (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kasama,_Zambia>)
6. Mbala, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mbala,_Zambia>)
7. Zambezi, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Zambezi,_Zambia>)
8. Choma, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Choma,_Zambia>): Choma is a town that serves as the capital of the Southern Provi...t, one of the thirteen administrative districts in the province.
9. Proflight Zambia (dbr:Proflight_Zambia): Proflight Zambia is an airline based in Lusaka, Zambia that serv...unali Roundabout), in Lusaka. It relocated there in August 2014.
10. Luangwa, Zambia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Luangwa,_Zambia>)

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Zambia is dbr:Zambia.

Next, we need to find rivers that have their source (starting point) in Zambia. Let's search for properties related to "source location" or "origin" for rivers in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. source  (dbp:source)
2. sources (dbp:sources)
3. source url (dbp:sourceUrl)
4. from this source (dbp:fromThisSource)
5. other source (dbp:otherSource)
6. data source (dbp:dataSource)
7. none (dbp:none)
8. Source date (dbp:sourceDate)
9. sourcearticle (dbp:sourcearticle)
10. source name (dbp:sourceName)

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. mouth (dbp:mouth)
2. mouth location (dbp:mouthLocation)
3. mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace): populated place, river
4. mouth position (dbo:mouthPosition): river
5. mouth coord ref (dbp:mouthCoordRef)
6. mouth region (dbo:mouthRegion): populated place, river
7. OralReargument (dbp:oralreargument)
8. mouth coordinates (dbp:mouthCoordinates)
9. throat (dbp:throat)
10. mouth elevation (dbp:mouthElevation)

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. origin (dbp:origin)
2. origin (dbo:origin): populated place
3. origins (dbp:origins)
4. originates (dbp:originates)
5. origin place (<http://dbpedia.org/property/originPlace>)
6. place of origin (dbp:placeOfOrigin)
7. origins' country (<http://dbpedia.org/property/origins'Country>)
8. origin-place (dbp:originPlace)
9. origin people (dbp:originPeople)
10. country origin (dbo:countryOrigin): country, rocket

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Country. (dbp:country.)
2. country (dbp:country)
3. country (dbo:country): The country where the thing is located., country
4. Country represent (dbp:countryRepresent)
5. the country (dbp:theCountry)
6. by country (dbp:byCountry)
7. country represented (dbp:countryRepresented)
8. location country (dbp:locationCountry)
9. country name (dbp:countryName)
10. country XD (dbp:countryXd)

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. river (dbp:river)
2. river (dbo:river): place, river
3. river name (dbp:riverName)
4. rivers (dbp:rivers)
5. River type (dbp:riverType)
6. river system (dbp:riverSystem)
7. waterway (dbp:waterway)
8. downriver (dbp:downriver)
9. watercourse (dbp:watercourse)
10. river wide (dbp:riverWide)

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| river                             |
| --------------------------------- |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River)     |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi)             |

[Tool]
Got 155 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Cafué (Kafue) é um rio de 970 km...s, o emblema nacional da Zâmbia. (pt) |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 1182696 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1119076094 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 15858 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.visitzambia.co.zm/>                                          |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Kafue (en)                                                               |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | City (en)                                                                |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                      |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | Kafue River, Chamufumbu, near Lubungu Pontoon, Zambia (en)               |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                                        | The Kafue River Basin (en)                                               |
| ...                           | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property          | object                |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) |

[Tool]
Got 143 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                           | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | De Luangwa is de tweede grootste...h Luangwa National Park gelegen. (nl) |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 1182670 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1118518524 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 12715 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://u.osmfr.org/m/383286/>                                           |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Luangwa (en)                                                             |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Country (en)                                                             |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                      |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | Luangwa River, southern end near Ndevu (en)                              |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                                        | Path of the Luangwa River http://u.osmfr.org/m/383286/ (en)              |
| ...                               | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property          | object                |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) |

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property                                                   | object                                                             |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 356576 (xsd:int)                                                   |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 1087507350 (xsd:int)                                               |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 21 (xsd:int)                                                       |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects)                  | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi)                                              |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | rdf:type                                                   | river (dbo:River)                                                  |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | rdfs:label                                                 | Zambezi River (en)                                                 |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | prov:wasDerivedFrom                                        | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi_River?oldid=1087507350&ns=0> |
| Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf                                      | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi_River>                       |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject               | property          | object                          |
| --------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Indian Ocean (dbr:Indian_Ocean) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject               | property                     | object                                    |
| --------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Mozambique (dbr:Mozambique)               |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Zambezia Province (dbr:Zambezia_Province) |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Sofala Province (dbr:Sofala_Province)     |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject               | property                           | object                                                 |
| --------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth location (dbp:mouthLocation) | Zambezia Province and Sofala Province, Mozambique (en) |

[Assistant]
Here's what I've found so far:

- The Kafue River and Luangwa River both start in Zambia and end in the Zambezi River.
- The Zambezi River, which also starts in Zambia, ends in the Indian Ocean, specifically in Mozambique (Zambezia Province and Sofala Province).

Now, I'll write a SPARQL query that generalizes this process: it will find all rivers that start in Zambia (using properties like dbp:origin, dbp:source, dbo:origin, etc.), and for each, find where they end (using dbp:mouth, dbo:mouthPlace, dbp:mouthLocation, etc.). The query will return the river and its endpoint (mouth).

Let's construct the query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query did not return any results, which means the answer provided is not supported by the actual query execution. The query attempts to find rivers associated with Zambia and their endpoints, but it may be missing relevant properties or values, or the knowledge graph may not use 'dbr:Zambia' as the value for river origins or countries. Additionally, the query should ensure that it only returns IRIs for the rivers and their endpoints, with labels as optional. Please review the properties and values used for river origins and endpoints in DBpedia, and consider broadening the search for rivers that originate in or flow through Zambia. Also, check if the endpoint (mouth) information is available under different properties or with different values.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. The previous query did not yield results, likely because DBpedia may not use dbr:Zambia directly as the value for river origins or countries, or uses different properties or values for river origins and endpoints.

Let's take a more investigative approach:

1. **Find how rivers are linked to Zambia**: Instead of assuming dbr:Zambia is used as an origin or country, let's check how rivers are associated with Zambia—possibly via dbp:subdivisionName, dbp:subdivisionType, or similar properties.
2. **Check how river mouths are represented**: The endpoint (mouth) might be an IRI or a literal, and could use properties like dbp:mouth, dbo:mouthPlace, dbp:mouthLocation, etc.

### Step 1: List properties for a known Zambian river (e.g., Kafue River)

Let's see which properties link dbr:Kafue_River to Zambia.

[Tool]
Got 155 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Cafué (Kafue) é um rio de 970 km...s, o emblema nacional da Zâmbia. (pt) |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 1182696 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1119076094 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 15858 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.visitzambia.co.zm/>                                          |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Kafue (en)                                                               |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | City (en)                                                                |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                      |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | Kafue River, Chamufumbu, near Lubungu Pontoon, Zambia (en)               |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                                        | The Kafue River Basin (en)                                               |
| ...                           | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
From the properties of dbr:Kafue_River, we see that dbp:subdivisionName is used with dbr:Zambia as the object. This suggests that rivers associated with Zambia may use dbp:subdivisionName to indicate the country.

### Step 2: Find all rivers with dbp:subdivisionName dbr:Zambia

Let's search for all rivers where dbp:subdivisionName is dbr:Zambia.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 1 column:
| river                             |
| --------------------------------- |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River)   |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River)     |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River)   |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River)   |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi)             |

[Tool]
Got 171 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Cuando edo Kwando erdialdeko Afr...nti diote eta ekialderago Chobe. (eu) |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 516995 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1106736962 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 8635 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php%3Fsid=22373&mode=&order=0>      |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Cuando River (en)                                                        |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Countries (en)                                                           |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Botswana (dbr:Botswana)                                                  |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | Chobe River at Kasane (en)                                               |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                                        | The Cuando basin (en)                                                    |
| ...                             | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property          | object                            |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Cuando River (dbr:Cuando_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi River (dbr:Zambezi_River) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property          | object                |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property          | object                                |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Lake Tanganyika (dbr:Lake_Tanganyika) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject               | property          | object                          |
| --------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Indian Ocean (dbr:Indian_Ocean) |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject               | property                     | object                                    |
| --------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Mozambique (dbr:Mozambique)               |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Zambezia Province (dbr:Zambezia_Province) |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | mouth place (dbo:mouthPlace) | Sofala Province (dbr:Sofala_Province)     |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property          | object                |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Luangwa River (dbr:Luangwa_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property          | object                |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Kafue River (dbr:Kafue_River) | mouth (dbp:mouth) | Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) |

[Tool]
Got 85 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                                            | object                                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Der Songwe ist der Grenzfluss zwischen Tansania und Malawi. (de) |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 38871943 (xsd:int)                                               |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1065913958 (xsd:int)                                             |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 3051 (xsd:int)                                                   |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://allafrica.com/stories/201207240037.html>                 |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Songwe River (en)                                                |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Country (en)                                                     |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Malawi (dbr:Malawi)                                              |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                                        | Songwe River (en)                                                |
| Songwe River (dbr:Songwe_River) | mouth mountain (dbo:mouthMountain)                                  | Lake Nyasa (dbr:Lake_Nyasa)                                      |
| ...                             | ...                                                                 | ...                                                              |

[Tool]
Got 60 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                                            | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | The Sakeji River is a tributary ...vide additional power as needed. (en)                      |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 34082530 (xsd:int)                                                                            |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1076122303 (xsd:int)                                                                          |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 2243 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://assemblycare.org/ministrydirectory.html%3Fsobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=74&sobi2Id=80> |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Sakeji River (en)                                                                             |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Country (en)                                                                                |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                                           |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | caption (dbp:caption)                                               | Location in Zambia (en)                                                                       |
| Sakeji River (dbr:Sakeji_River) | relief (dbp:relief)                                                 | yes (en)                                                                                |
| ...                             | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                                |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 92 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                           | property                                                   | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                | Der Kabompo ist ein Nebenfluss d... der Nordwestprovinz von Sambia. (de) |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 2422524 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 1071468883 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 3388 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | name (dbp:name)                                            | Kabompo (en)                                                             |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                     | Country (en)                                                             |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                     | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                      |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | map caption (dbp:mapCaption)                               | Kabompo River  and part of the Zambezi River (en)                        |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | length (μ) (dbo:length)                                    | 440000 (xsd:decimal)                                                     |
| Kabompo River (dbr:Kabompo_River) | mouth mountain (dbo:mouthMountain)                         | Zambia (dbr:Zambia)                                                      |
| ...                               | ...                                                        | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 104 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                           | property                                                            | object                                                                                |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | El río Kalambo es un río african...como Patrimonio de la Humanidad. (es)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 5597845 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1083878411 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 3772 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://m.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/gallery/photovideo-gallery/photo-gallery/7819-recreation%7Caccess-date=2012-09-04%7Carchive-url=https:/web.archive.org/web/20120904233613/http:/m.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/gallery/photovideo-gallery/photo-gallery/7819-recreation%7Carchive-date=2012-09-04%7Curl-status=dead> |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Kalambo River (en)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Country (en)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Tanzania (dbr:Tanzania)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | Kalambo Falls (en)                                                                                |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | source  (dbp:source)                                                | Ufipa Plateau (dbr:Ufipa_Plateau)                                                                                |
| ...                               | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property             | object                            |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | source  (dbp:source) | Ufipa Plateau (dbr:Ufipa_Plateau) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Based on the investigation, here is what I found:

- Rivers associated with Zambia use dbp:subdivisionName dbr:Zambia.
- The endpoint (mouth) is usually given by dbp:mouth, sometimes as an IRI, sometimes as a literal.
- Some rivers (e.g., Kalambo River) have their source outside Zambia, even if they flow through Zambia.

### Final SPARQL Query

I'll now write a SPARQL query that:
- Finds all rivers where dbp:subdivisionName is dbr:Zambia (i.e., rivers flowing through Zambia).
- For each river, returns its mouth (dbp:mouth) if available, as an IRI.
- Optionally, returns the label for the river and its mouth.

Here is the improved query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct and returns relevant rivers and their mouths, but it can be improved in two ways:

1. The use of dbp:subdivisionName dbr:Zambia is not the most reliable way to find rivers starting from Zambia. It may miss rivers that originate in Zambia but are not tagged with this property. A better approach would be to look for rivers whose source or origin is located in Zambia, using properties like dbp:source or dbo:source, and checking if the source is in Zambia.

2. The question asks for rivers 'starting from Zambia', but the current query includes all rivers that flow through Zambia, not necessarily those that originate there. The query should be refined to focus on rivers whose source is in Zambia.

3. The query should ensure that the returned IRIs are always present for both river and mouth, and labels should remain optional.

Suggestion: Refine the query to select rivers whose source is in Zambia, and then return their mouths.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the detailed feedback. To address your points:

1. We should focus on rivers whose source or origin is in Zambia, not just those that flow through Zambia.
2. We should use properties like dbp:source, dbo:source, dbp:origin, dbo:origin, and check if the source or origin is Zambia (either as dbr:Zambia or as a location within Zambia).
3. The query should always return IRIs for both the river and its mouth, with labels as optional.

### Step 1: Check how river sources are represented

From earlier, we saw that some rivers use dbp:source or dbp:origin, but the object may not always be dbr:Zambia—it could be a specific location in Zambia.

Let's check what values are used for the source of a known Zambian river, e.g., Zambezi.

[Tool]
Got 311 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject               | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | ( 잠베지는 여기로 연결됩니다. 다른 뜻에 대해서는 잠베지...가까이 위치한 응곤에 폭포 (Ngonye Falls)이다. (ko) |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 102930 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1117415192 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 59490 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.ppl.nl/bibliographies/all/%3Fbibliography=water>             |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Zambezi River (en)                                                       |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | date (dbp:date)                                                     | 2008-04-07 (xsd:date)                                                    |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | subdivision type (dbp:subdivisionType)                              | Countries (en)                                                           |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | subdivision name (dbp:subdivisionName)                              | Mozambique (dbr:Mozambique)                                              |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | The Zambezi River at the junctio...a, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana (en) |
| ...                   | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject               | property             | object                                                     |
| --------------------- | -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | source  (dbp:source) | Main stem source. Zambezi Source National Forest (en)      |
| Zambezi (dbr:Zambezi) | source  (dbp:source) | Most distant source of the Zambezi-Lungwebungu system (en) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                           | property             | object                            |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Kalambo River (dbr:Kalambo_River) | source  (dbp:source) | Ufipa Plateau (dbr:Ufipa_Plateau) |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property             | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Irena Sendler (dbr:Irena_Sendler)                                                                         | source  (dbp:source) | — Irena Sendler (en)                                                     |
| Jack Antonoff (dbr:Jack_Antonoff)                                                                         | source  (dbp:source) | The New York Times (en)                                                  |
| James Carnegie, 9th Earl of Southesk (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/James_Carnegie,_9th_Earl_of_Southesk>) | source  (dbp:source) | James Carnegie, 9th Earl of Southesk (en)                                |
| 2021–22 EuroLeague Regular Season (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/2021–22_EuroLeague_Regular_Season>)       | source  (dbp:source) | <https://www.euroleaguebasketball.net/euroleague/>                       |
| 1941 (film) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/1941_(film)>)                                                   | source  (dbp:source) | —Bob Gale (en)                                                           |
| Bonnie and Clyde (film) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bonnie_and_Clyde_(film)>)                           | source  (dbp:source) | —Film historian Charles Higham i... the American Film: 1900-1971. . (en) |
| Dalian (dbr:Dalian)                                                                                | source  (dbp:source) | China Meteorological Administration (en)                                 |
| Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Amundsen–Scott_South_Pole_Station>)       | source  (dbp:source) | Deutscher Wetterdienst , NOAA (en)                                       |
| Le Port, Réunion (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Le_Port,_Réunion>)                                         | source  (dbp:source) | Meteociel.fr (en)                                                        |
| 2004 Serbian local elections (dbr:2004_Serbian_local_elections)                                           | source  (dbp:source) | The first round totals are likely provisional rather than final. (en)    |
| ...                                                                                | ...                  | ...                                                                      |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                               | property            | object                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Natasha St-Pier (dbr:Natasha_St-Pier)                                 | origin (dbp:origin) | Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada (en)                                                      |
| Patrick Fiori (dbr:Patrick_Fiori)                                     | origin (dbp:origin) | France (dbr:France)                                                                         |
| Jesse Cook (dbr:Jesse_Cook)                                           | origin (dbp:origin) | Toronto, Ontario, Canada (en)                                                               |
| Behemoth (band) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Behemoth_(band)>)       | origin (dbp:origin) | Gdańsk, Poland (en)                                                                         |
| Filter (band) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Filter_(band)>)           | origin (dbp:origin) | Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. (en)                                                                  |
| 183 Club (dbr:183_Club)                                               | origin (dbp:origin) | Taiwan (dbr:Taiwan)                                                                         |
| Arto Tunçboyacıyan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Arto_Tunçboyacıyan>) | origin (dbp:origin) | Istanbul (dbr:Istanbul)                                                                     |
| 5.8×21mm (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/5.8×21mm>)                     | origin (dbp:origin) | China (dbr:China)                                                                           |
| Mukden Arsenal Mauser (dbr:Mukden_Arsenal_Mauser)                     | origin (dbp:origin) | Republic of China (1912–1949) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Republic_of_China_(1912–1949)>) |
| Jaffa Phonix (dbr:Jaffa_Phonix)                                       | origin (dbp:origin) | State of Palestine (dbr:State_of_Palestine)                                                 |
| ...                                                                   | ...                 | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 11,454 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property            | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| AIDC AT-3 (dbr:AIDC_AT-3)                                                                         | origin (dbo:origin) | Taiwan (dbr:Taiwan)                                                                         |
| Aisuo UAV (dbr:Aisuo_UAV)                                                                         | origin (dbo:origin) | China (dbr:China)                                                                           |
| Chu XP-0 (dbr:Chu_XP-0)                                                                           | origin (dbo:origin) | Republic of China (1912–1949) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Republic_of_China_(1912–1949)>) |
| Ababeel1 (dbr:Ababeel1)                                                                           | origin (dbo:origin) | State of Palestine (dbr:State_of_Palestine)                                                 |
| Callistemon 'Lilacinus' (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Callistemon_'Lilacinus'>)                   | origin (dbo:origin) | Berlin (dbr:Berlin)                                                                         |
| Ulmus minor 'Monumentalis' (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ulmus_minor_'Monumentalis'>)             | origin (dbo:origin) | Frankfurt (dbr:Frankfurt)                                                                   |
| Dreyse needle gun (dbr:Dreyse_needle_gun)                                                         | origin (dbo:origin) | Kingdom of Prussia (dbr:Kingdom_of_Prussia)                                                 |
| 30mm DS30M Mark 2 Automated Small Calibre Gun (dbr:30mm_DS30M_Mark_2_Automated_Small_Calibre_Gun) | origin (dbo:origin) | United Kingdom (dbr:United_Kingdom)                                                         |
| Grunwald Swords (dbr:Grunwald_Swords)                                                             | origin (dbo:origin) | Prussia (dbr:Prussia)                                                                       |
| Royal Dragon Vodka (dbr:Royal_Dragon_Vodka)                                                       | origin (dbo:origin) | Hong Kong (dbr:Hong_Kong)                                                                   |
| ...                                                                                | ...                 | ...                                                                                |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property            | object              |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- |
| 1993 Zambia national football team plane crash (dbr:1993_Zambia_national_football_team_plane_crash) | origin (dbp:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |
| Denise Chaila (dbr:Denise_Chaila)                                                                   | origin (dbp:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |
| Zone Fam (dbr:Zone_Fam)                                                                             | origin (dbp:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |
| Amanaz (dbr:Amanaz)                                                                                | origin (dbp:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |
| Mashombe Blue Jeans (dbr:Mashombe_Blue_Jeans)                                                       | origin (dbp:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                       | property            | object              |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- |
| Chibuku Shake Shake (dbr:Chibuku_Shake_Shake) | origin (dbo:origin) | Zambia (dbr:Zambia) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that DBpedia often records the source of a river as a literal (e.g., "Zambezi Source National Forest (en)") rather than as an IRI (like dbr:Zambia). This makes it difficult to directly query for rivers whose source is in Zambia using only IRIs.

However, we can still improve the query by:
- Looking for rivers where the dbp:source or dbp:origin property contains the string "Zambia" (case-insensitive) in its literal value.
- Returning the river and its mouth (if available), with IRIs for both where possible, and optional labels.

Here is the refined query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?person WHERE {
  ?person ( dbo:restingPlace | dbp:placeofburial ) <http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea> .
  ?person dbp:rank ?rank .
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( STR( ?rank ) ) , "general" ) )
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| person                                |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) |

The military general buried in St Mary's Church, Battersea is Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold). Only unique results are considered in this answer.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is the military general buried in St Mary's Church, Battersea?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for a "military general" (an entity with a military rank or occupation as general).
2. The person is "buried in St Mary's Church, Battersea" (so we need to find the entity for this church and the property for burial place).

Step 1: Search for "St Mary's Church, Battersea" in DBpedia to get its entity IRI.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>): St Mary's Church, Battersea, is the oldest of the churches in Ba...sted building for its combined heritage and architectural merit.
2. St. Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St._Mary's_Church,_Battersea>)
3. St. Mary's Church (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St._Mary's_Church>)
4. St. Mary's Church, Stralsund (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St._Mary's_Church,_Stralsund>): St. Mary's Church (German: Marienkirche) is a large Lutheran chu...edral.The bell tower collapsed in 1382, and was rebuilt by 1478.
5. St Mary's Church, Clophill, also known as St Mary's Church (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Clophill>)
6. St Mary's Church, Stamford (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Stamford>): St Mary's Church, Stamford is a parish church in the Church of E...which runs down to the river crossing opposite The George Hotel.
7. St Mary's Church, Staveley (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Staveley>): St Mary's Church is in the village of Staveley-in-Cartmel, Cumbr...itage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.
8. St Mary's Church, Stockport (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Stockport>): St Mary's Church is the oldest parish church in the town of Stoc..., the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Stockport.
9. St Mary's Church, Stainburn (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Stainburn>): St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village o...lding, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.
10. St Mary's Church, Stadtilm (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Stadtilm>)

[Assistant]
The top result for "St Mary's Church, Battersea" is:
- St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>)

Step 2: Next, I need to find people who are buried at this church. I will search for properties related to "burial" or "buried" to identify the correct property to use.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. buried (dbp:buried)
2. burial (dbp:burial)
3. burial place (dbp:burialPlace)
4. trench (dbp:trench)
5. trenches (dbp:trenches)
6. excavated (dbp:excavated)
7. underground (dbp:underground)
8. tomb (dbp:tomb)
9. place of burial (dbo:placeOfBurial): The place where the person has been buried., person, place
10. place of burial (dbp:placeOfBurial)

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties for burial are:
- dbo:placeOfBurial (ontology property)
- dbp:buried, dbp:burial, dbp:burialPlace, dbp:placeOfBurial (property variants)

The ontology property dbo:placeOfBurial is likely the most standardized. I will use this property to find people buried at St Mary's Church, Battersea.

Step 3: Write a query to find all people (dbo:Person) whose dbo:placeOfBurial is St Mary's Church, Battersea.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that there are no results using the dbo:placeOfBurial property for people buried at St Mary's Church, Battersea. Sometimes, DBpedia uses dbp:burial or dbp:buried as alternative properties. I will try using dbp:burial and dbp:buried to see if there are any results.

First, I will try dbp:burial.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] There are no results for people with dbp:burial at St Mary's Church, Battersea. Next, I will try the dbp:buried property to see if it yields any results.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
There are still no results for people with dbp:buried at St Mary's Church, Battersea. As a last attempt, I will try dbp:burialPlace and dbp:placeOfBurial, since sometimes data is inconsistently modeled in DBpedia.

First, I will try dbp:burialPlace.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
None of the standard burial-related properties in DBpedia link any person to St Mary's Church, Battersea.

To check if there is any information at all about people associated with this church, I will try a broader search: find any subject with any property pointing to St Mary's Church, Battersea. This may help identify if the data is modeled differently.

I will list all triples where the object is St Mary's Church, Battersea.

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                                | property                                  | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| St. Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St._Mary's_Church,_Battersea>)                                                                                | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects) | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |
| Grade I and II* listed buildings...the London Borough of Wandsworth (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grade_I_and_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_London_Borough_of_Wandsworth>) | name (dbp:name)                           | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold)                                                                                | resting place (dbo:restingPlace)          | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold)                                                                                | placeofburial (dbp:placeofburial)         | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |
| <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>                                                                                | foaf:primaryTopic                         | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |
| Battersea Parish Church Act 1774 (dbr:Battersea_Parish_Church_Act_1774)                                                                                | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects) | St Mary's Church, Battersea (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/St_Mary's_Church,_Battersea>) |

[Assistant]
From the results, I see that Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) has both dbo:restingPlace and dbp:placeofburial properties pointing to St Mary's Church, Battersea.

Now, I need to confirm if Benedict Arnold was a military general. I will check his occupation or military rank in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Got 401 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                               | property                                                            | object                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Benedict Arnold (* 14. Januar 17...aten als Urbild eines Verräters. (de)  |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 417858 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1124120385 (xsd:int)                                                      |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 94940 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://clements.umich.edu/exhibits/online/spies/index-people.html>       |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Benedict Arnold (en)                                                      |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | title (dbp:title)                                                   | Commanding Officer of the American Legion (en)                            |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | birth place (dbp:birthPlace)                                        | Norwich, Connecticut (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Norwich,_Connecticut>) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | years (dbp:years)                                                   | 1780 (xsd:int)                                                            |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | birth date (dbp:birthDate)                                          | 1741-01-14 (xsd:date)                                                     |
| ...                                   | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                       |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. military branch (dbo:militaryBranch): The service branch (Army, Navy, etc.) a person is part of., military person, military unit
2. military command (dbo:militaryCommand): For persons who are notable as commanding officers, the units th...d. Dates should be given if multiple notable commands were held., military person, xsd:string
3. serviceyears (dbp:serviceyears)
4. battle (dbo:battle): military conflict
5. battles (dbp:battles)
6. commands (dbp:commands)
7. allegiance (dbo:allegiance): The country or other power the person served. Multiple countries...r service branch, which is better indicated by the branch field., xsd:string, person
8. allegiance (dbp:allegiance)
9. rank (dbp:rank)
10. caption (dbp:caption)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property        | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | rank (dbp:rank) | Major general (United States) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Major_general_(United_States)>) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | rank (dbp:rank) | Brigadier (United Kingdom) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Brigadier_(United_Kingdom)>)       |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | rank (dbp:rank) |  (en)                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property                             | object                                                          |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | military branch (dbo:militaryBranch) | British Army (dbr:British_Army)                                 |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | military branch (dbo:militaryBranch) | Continental Army (dbr:Continental_Army)                         |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | military branch (dbo:militaryBranch) | Massachusetts National Guard (dbr:Massachusetts_National_Guard) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | military branch (dbo:militaryBranch) | New York Army National Guard (dbr:New_York_Army_National_Guard) |
| Benedict Arnold (dbr:Benedict_Arnold) | military branch (dbo:militaryBranch) | Connecticut State Militia (dbr:Connecticut_State_Militia)       |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Benedict Arnold is listed in DBpedia with the ranks of "Major general (United States)" and "Brigadier (United Kingdom)", and he served in multiple military branches. This confirms that he was a military general.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query that returns the IRIs of military generals buried in St Mary's Church, Battersea, along with their labels if available. I will use the properties dbo:restingPlace and dbp:placeofburial, as these were found to be used for Benedict Arnold.

To ensure the person is a general, I will filter for those with dbp:rank containing "general" or "General".

Here is the final SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer is correct: Benedict Arnold is indeed the military general buried in St Mary's Church, Battersea. However, the SPARQL query returns duplicate results (two identical rows for Benedict Arnold). To improve the query, add a DISTINCT modifier to ensure only unique results are returned. Additionally, consider using OPTIONAL for the ?rank triple if you want to avoid missing entities that might not have the dbp:rank property, but in this case, the current approach is sufficient. The answer should also mention that only unique results are considered.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies individuals whose resting place is St Mary's Church, Battersea and whose rank contains the word 'general'. The answer, Benedict Arnold, matches historical records. The query uses appropriate properties and returns the IRI as required. No further refinement is necessary.


Failed to generate SPARQL query

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the combatant of the Northwest Indian War and also the ethnic group of the Linda Hogan

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. "Combatant of the Northwest Indian War": We need to identify entities that were combatants in the Northwest Indian War.
2. "Ethnic group of Linda Hogan": We need to find the ethnic group associated with Linda Hogan.
3. The answer should be the entity that is both a combatant in the Northwest Indian War and the ethnic group of Linda Hogan.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Northwest Indian War" in DBpedia to get its IRI.
I will search for "Northwest Indian War" in DBpedia to find its entity IRI.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT ?developer ?developerLabel WHERE {
  <http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)> dbo:developer ?developer .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?developer rdfs:label ?developerLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?developerLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| developer     | developerLabel |
| ------------- | -------------- |
| GNU (dbr:GNU) | GNU (en)       |

EMMS (Emacs MultiMedia System) was developed by GNU.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What developed EMMS?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

- "EMMS" is likely an entity, possibly a software, system, or organization.
- "What developed EMMS?" is asking for the developer or creator of EMMS.

Step 1: Identify the entity "EMMS" in DBpedia.

I'll search for "EMMS" in DBpedia to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Emms (dbr:Emms)
2. EMMS (dbr:EMMS)
3. Gail Emms (dbr:Gail_Emms)
4. Hap Emms (dbr:Hap_Emms): Leighton Alfred Emms (January 12, 1905 – October 23, 1988) was a...as the owner of the Barrie Flyers, Niagara Falls Flyers, and St.
5. Robert Emms (dbr:Robert_Emms): Robert Emms (born Robert James MacPherson; 20 May 1986) is an En...ing Pythagoras in the BBC One fantasy-adventure series Atlantis.
6. Emmson (dbr:Emmson): Emmson (11 February 1985 – after 1996) was an Irish-bred British...ockey Club and ran prominently in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.
7. William Emms (dbr:William_Emms): William Emms (29 January 1930 – May 1993) was an Australian schoolteacher and occasional screenwriter for British television.
8. EMMS International (dbr:EMMS_International): EMMS International is a non-denominational christian Non-governm...rough sponsoring the construction of dispensaries and hospitals.
9. Emms Trophy (dbr:Emms_Trophy): The Emms Trophy is presented annually to the regular season cham... Central division.The award is named in recognition of Hap Emms.
10. David Emms (dbr:David_Emms): David Acfield Emms OBE (16 February 1925 - 21 December 2015) was an English educationalist and former rugby union player.

[Assistant]
The search results show several entities named "EMMS." The most relevant ones seem to be:

- dbr:EMMS
- dbr:EMMS_International

Since the question is "What developed EMMS?" and not "Who is EMMS," I will focus on dbr:EMMS, which is likely a system or software.

Step 2: Find the developer or creator of dbr:EMMS.

I will now search for properties related to "developer" or "creator" for dbr:EMMS.

[Tool]
No property items found

No other items found

[Tool]
No property items found

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 16 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject         | property                                                   | object                                                                  |
| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 58203535 (xsd:int)                                                      |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 855695664 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 290 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | Wikipage disambiguates (dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates)         | EMMS International (dbr:EMMS_International)                             |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate                                   | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Disambiguation>                   |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | rdfs:label                                                 | EMMS (de)                                                               |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | owl:sameAs                                                 | <http://de.dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS>                                   |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | prov:wasDerivedFrom                                        | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMMS?oldid=855695664&ns=0>                |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf                                      | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMMS>                                     |
| EMMS (dbr:EMMS) | Wikipage disambiguates (dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates)         | EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) |
| ...             | ...                                                        | ...                                                                     |

[Tool]
Got 60 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                 | property                                                            | object                                                                          |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | EMMS (Emacs MultiMedia System) i...g, and binaural beat generation. (en)        |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 46705098 (xsd:int)                                                              |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1075758207 (xsd:int)                                                            |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 3521 (xsd:int)                                                                  |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EMMS>                                           |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | EMMS (en)                                                                       |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | genre (dbp:genre)                                                   | Audio player (software) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Audio_player_(software)>) |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | genre (dbo:genre)                                                   | Audio player (software) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Audio_player_(software)>) |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | website (dbp:website)                                               | <https://www.gnu.org/software/emms/>                                            |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | language (dbp:language)                                             | Multilanguage (en)                                                              |
| ...                                                                     | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                             |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. developer (dbo:developer): Developer of a Work (Artwork, Book, Software) or Building (Hotel, Skyscraper), agent
2. developer (dbp:developer)
3. programming language (dbo:programmingLanguage): software
4. programming language (dbp:programmingLanguage)
5. license (dbo:license): work
6. license (dbp:license)
7. release date (dbo:releaseDate): Release date of a Work or another product (eg Aircraft or other MeansOfTransportation, xsd:date
8. language (dbp:language)
9. name (dbp:name)
10. released (dbp:released)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                 | property                  | object        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------- |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | developer (dbo:developer) | GNU (dbr:GNU) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                                                 | property                  | object        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------- |
| EMMS (media player) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/EMMS_(media_player)>) | developer (dbp:developer) | GNU (dbr:GNU) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| developer     |
| ------------- |
| GNU (dbr:GNU) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| developer     | developerLabel |
| ------------- | -------------- |
| GNU (dbr:GNU) | GNU (en)       |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the developer of EMMS (Emacs MultiMedia System) from DBpedia, returning the IRI of the developer and optionally its English label. The answer "GNU" matches the query result. The query follows all guidelines, including returning the IRI and using optional for the label. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?parentCompany ?parentLabel WHERE {
  VALUES ?property {
    dbp:parent dbo:parentCompany dbp:parentCompany dbp:parentcompany
  }
  dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service ?property ?parentCompany .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?parentCompany rdfs:label ?parentLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?parentLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| parentCompany                               | parentLabel             |
| ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| Ford Motor Company (dbr:Ford_Motor_Company) | Ford Motor Company (en) |

The parent company of Ford Air Transport Service is Ford Motor Company.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Name the parent company of  Ford Air Transport Service?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity in question is "Ford Air Transport Service".
2. We are asked for its parent company.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Ford Air Transport Service" in DBpedia to find its IRI.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service): Ford Air Transport Service is a defunct airline based in United ...rica. The airline was also registered as Ford Air Freight Lines.
2. Airport Transport Service (dbr:Airport_Transport_Service): Airport Transport Service Co., Ltd. (東京空港交通株式会社, Tōkyō Kūkō Kōts...erating over 660 buses per day to Narita and over 550 to Haneda.
3. Military Air Transport Service (dbr:Military_Air_Transport_Service): For the current active command, see Air Mobility CommandThe Mili...Force's Air Transport Command (ATC) into a single joint command.
4. Naval Air Transport Service (dbr:Naval_Air_Transport_Service): The Naval Air Transport Service or NATS, was a branch of the Uni...drons that operated 540 aircraft with 26,000 personnel assigned.
5. European Air Transport Service (dbr:European_Air_Transport_Service)
6. Air Transport Services (dbr:Air_Transport_Services)
7. Air Transport Services Group (dbr:Air_Transport_Services_Group): Air Transport Services Group (ATSG) is an American aviation hold...iaries, including three airlines with separate and distinct U.S.
8. Air India Transport Services (dbr:Air_India_Transport_Services)
9. Air India Air Transport Services (dbr:Air_India_Air_Transport_Services)
10. Military Air Transportation Service (dbr:Military_Air_Transportation_Service)

[Assistant]
The correct entity is "Ford Air Transport Service" with the IRI dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service.

Next, I need to find the property that links a company to its parent company. I will search for properties related to "parent company" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. parent company (dbp:parentCompany)
2. parent company (dbo:parentCompany): company
3. ParentCompany (dbp:parentcompany)
4. parent agency (dbp:parentAgency)
5. owning company (dbo:owningCompany): company
6. parent organization (dbp:parentOrganization)
7. parent organisation (dbp:parentOrganisation)
8. parent organisation (dbo:parentOrganisation): organisation
9. sister company (dbp:sisterCompany)
10. owned companies (dbp:ownedCompanies)

[Assistant]
There are several relevant properties, but the most standard ontology property is dbo:parentCompany. I will check if dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service has a dbo:parentCompany property.

If not, I will also consider dbp:parentCompany and dbp:parentcompany as possible alternatives.

Let's first list all properties of dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service to see which are present.

[Tool]
Got 75 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                     | property                                                   | object                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                | Ford Air Transport Service is a ...tered as Ford Air Freight Lines. (en) |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 29018717 (xsd:int)                                                       |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 1123225211 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 6689 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | key people (dbp:keyPeople)                                 | Henry Ford (dbr:Henry_Ford)                                              |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | founded (dbp:founded)                                      | 1925 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | headquarters (dbp:headquarters)                            | Detroit (dbr:Detroit)                                                    |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | headquarter (dbo:headquarter)                              | Detroit (dbr:Detroit)                                                    |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | industry (dbo:industry)                                    | Air Transport (dbr:Air_Transport)                                        |
| Ford Air Transport Service (dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service) | parent (dbp:parent)                                        | Ford Motor Company (dbr:Ford_Motor_Company)                              |
| ...                                                         | ...                                                        | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
From the listed properties, dbr:Ford_Air_Transport_Service has dbp:parent with the value dbr:Ford_Motor_Company.

Although the property is dbp:parent (not dbo:parentCompany), it clearly links to Ford Motor Company, which is the likely parent company.

To provide a robust answer, I will write a SPARQL query that retrieves the parent company using all plausible properties: dbp:parent, dbo:parentCompany, dbp:parentCompany, and dbp:parentcompany.

I will also include the label of the parent company as optional information.

Here is the final SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the parent company of Ford Air Transport Service by checking multiple relevant properties for parent relationships. It returns the IRI of the parent company and optionally its label, following the guidelines. The answer matches the query result and is correct and complete.