PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?homepage WHERE {
  VALUES ?forbes {
    dbr:Forbes
  }
  {
    ?forbes dbp:website ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes dbo:homepage ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes foaf:homepage ?homepage .
  }
  FILTER ( ! CONTAINS( STR( ?homepage ) , "%7C" ) ) FILTER ( ! CONTAINS( STR( ?homepage ) , "|" ) )
}

After refining the query to exclude malformed URLs and checking for both IRIs and literals, there are no valid homepage URLs for Forbes in DBpedia. This confirms that the only homepage currently present is malformed and there are no alternatives in the dataset.

If you need the homepage for Forbes, the correct URL is https://www.forbes.com/, but DBpedia does not currently provide a clean version of this in its data for Forbes.

Here is the refined query that was used:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?homepage WHERE {
  VALUES ?forbes { dbr:Forbes }
  {
    ?forbes dbp:website ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes dbo:homepage ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes foaf:homepage ?homepage .
  }
  FILTER(!CONTAINS(STR(?homepage), "%7C"))
  FILTER(!CONTAINS(STR(?homepage), "|"))
}
```

Unfortunately, this query returns no results due to data quality issues in DBpedia. If you have further questions or need homepage information for another entity, please let me know!

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Give me the homepage of Forbes.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Forbes", which is a well-known business magazine.
2. The property we are interested in is the "homepage" or official website.

First, I will search for the entity "Forbes" in DBpedia to find its IRI.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Forbes (dbr:Forbes)
2. @Forbes (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/@Forbes>)
3. Forbes (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Forbes>)
4. Forbes (dbp:forbes)
5. Forbes Field, also known as "The Oakland Orchard", "The Old Lady of Schenley Park", "The House of Thrills" (dbr:Forbes_Field)
6. Forbes Burnham (dbr:Forbes_Burnham)
7. Bryan Forbes (dbr:Bryan_Forbes)
8. Gary Forbes (dbr:Gary_Forbes): Gary Orlando Forbes (born February 25, 1985) is a Panamanian pro...the University of Massachusetts, following his sophomore season.
9. Malcolm Forbes (dbr:Malcolm_Forbes)
10. Edward Forbes (dbr:Edward_Forbes): Professor Edward Forbes FRS, FGS (12 February 1815 – 18 November...ic islands connected to the mainland, during the recent ice age.

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Forbes" magazine is dbr:Forbes.

Next, I need to find the property that represents the homepage or official website for this entity. Common properties for this are dbo:homepage or foaf:homepage, but I will verify which one is used for Forbes in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Got 250 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject             | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | «Форбс» (англ. «Forbes») — амери...та» (англ. The Capitalist Tool). (uk) |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 294894 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1123329674 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 30982 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.forbesgreece.gr>                                             |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | title (dbp:title)                                                   | Forbes (en)                                                              |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | country (dbp:country)                                               | United States (en)                                                       |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | website (dbp:website)                                               | <https://www.forbes.com/%7Cforbes.com>                                   |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | language (dbp:language)                                             | English (en)                                                             |
| Forbes (dbr:Forbes) | image caption (dbp:imageCaption)                                    | --12-20 (xsd:gMonthDay)                                                  |
| ...                 | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
From the results, the property dbp:website is used for the homepage of Forbes, with the value <https://www.forbes.com/%7Cforbes.com>.

To ensure completeness, I will also check if dbo:homepage or foaf:homepage is present, but dbp:website seems to be the main property.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to return the homepage(s) of Forbes, using dbp:website, dbo:homepage, and foaf:homepage (if available), and include the IRI in the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| homepage                               |
| -------------------------------------- |
| <https://www.forbes.com/%7Cforbes.com> |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct in its approach, as it tries multiple properties that could contain the homepage. However, the returned URL (<https://www.forbes.com/%7Cforbes.com>) is malformed, likely due to a data issue in DBpedia. The query should be refined to filter out malformed URLs, possibly by using a FILTER to exclude URLs containing the '|' character or by preferring the most standard-looking homepage. Additionally, the query should only return the actual IRI, not a concatenated or malformed one.

[Assistant]
Thank you for your feedback. You are correct: the returned URL is malformed due to the presence of '%7C' (which is the encoded '|') in the URL. To refine the query, I will:

1. Add a FILTER to exclude URLs containing the '|' character (or its encoded form '%7C').
2. Prefer the most standard-looking homepage, ideally "https://www.forbes.com/".
3. Only return valid IRIs.

Let me update the query accordingly.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that after filtering out URLs containing '%7C' or '|', there are no homepage IRIs left for Forbes in DBpedia. This suggests that the only homepage currently present in DBpedia for Forbes is the malformed one.

To ensure completeness, I will relax the filter slightly to see if there are any other homepage literals (not just IRIs), and also check if any homepage is stored as a literal string rather than an IRI.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
After refining the query to exclude malformed URLs and checking for both IRIs and literals, there are no valid homepage URLs for Forbes in DBpedia. This confirms that the only homepage currently present is malformed and there are no alternatives in the dataset.

If you need the homepage for Forbes, the correct URL is https://www.forbes.com/, but DBpedia does not currently provide a clean version of this in its data for Forbes.

Here is the refined query that was used:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?homepage WHERE {
  VALUES ?forbes { dbr:Forbes }
  {
    ?forbes dbp:website ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes dbo:homepage ?homepage .
  } UNION {
    ?forbes foaf:homepage ?homepage .
  }
  FILTER(!CONTAINS(STR(?homepage), "%7C"))
  FILTER(!CONTAINS(STR(?homepage), "|"))
}
```

Unfortunately, this query returns no results due to data quality issues in DBpedia. If you have further questions or need homepage information for another entity, please let me know!

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-constructed for the task: it checks all plausible homepage predicates for Forbes, filters out malformed URLs, and returns the actual IRIs as required. The explanation is clear about the data quality issue in DBpedia and correctly refrains from providing a homepage not present in the dataset. No further refinement is possible given the current data. Good job.


PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?spouse WHERE {
  dbr:Lance_Bass dbp:spouse ?spouse .
  FILTER ( isLiteral( ?spouse ) )
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| spouse               |
| -------------------- |
|  (en)                |
| Michael Turchin (en) |

Lance Bass married Michael Turchin.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Whom did Lance Bass marry?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Lance Bass".
2. The property is "spouse" or "married to".

First, I will search for the entity "Lance Bass" in DBpedia to get the correct IRI.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass): James Lance Bass is an American singer, dancer, actor, and film ...ilm On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.
2. James Lance Bass (dbr:James_Lance_Bass)
3. Lance Bass bat (dbr:Lance_Bass_bat)
4. Lance Bass controversies (dbr:Lance_Bass_controversies)
5. Lancé (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lancé>): Lancé is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.
6. Bass (dbr:Bass)
7. Lance (dbr:Lance): A lance is a pole weapon designed to be used by a mounted warrio...ular plate to prevent the hand sliding up the shaft upon impact.
8. Dechapol Puavaranukroh, also known as Bass (dbr:Dechapol_Puavaranukroh): Dechapol Puavaranukroh (Thai: เดชาพล พัววรานุเคราะห์; born 20 Ma...th Kedren and in the mixed doubles with Sapsiree Taerattanachai.
9. Lance! (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lance!>): Lance! is a daily sports newspaper in Brazil, and its first edit... print regional versions for some of the other Brazilian states.
10. Łańce (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Łańce>): Łańce [ˈwaɲt͡sɛ] (German: Lohnitz) is a village in the administr...e regional capital Katowice.The village has a population of 520.

[Assistant]
The top result for "Lance Bass" is dbr:Lance_Bass, which matches the American singer.

Next, I need to find the property for "spouse" or "married to" for this entity. I will search for properties related to "spouse" for dbr:Lance_Bass.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse (dbp:spouse)
2. name (dbp:name)
3. birth date (dbo:birthDate): xsd:date, animal
4. birth date (dbp:birthDate)
5. birth year (dbo:birthYear): xsd:gYear, person
6. birth name (dbo:birthName): rdf:langString, person
7. birth name (dbp:birthName)
8. birth place (dbo:birthPlace): where the person was born, animal, place
9. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
10. caption (dbp:caption)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for "spouse" is dbp:spouse.

Now, I will list the values of dbp:spouse for dbr:Lance_Bass to find out whom he married.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                     | property            | object                |
| --------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------- |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | spouse (dbp:spouse) |  (en)                 |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | spouse (dbp:spouse) | Michael Turchin (en)  |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | spouse (dbp:spouse) | 2014-12-20 (xsd:date) |

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. S. H. Foulkes, also known as Michael (dbr:S._H._Foulkes): S. H. Foulkes was a German-British psychiatrist and psychoanalys...anted British citizenship and changed his name to S. H. Foulkes.
2. Michael (dbr:Michael): Michael is a masculine given name derived from the Hebrew phrase...l, 'Who [is] like-El', in Aramaic: ܡܝܟܐܝܠ (Mīkhāʼēl [miχaˈʔel]).
3. Michael Michaelsen (dbr:Michael_Michaelsen): Michael Jacob Michaelsen (April 11, 1899 – August 13, 1970) was ...ropean champion defeating Sweden's Bertil Molander in the final.
4. Taiwo Akinkunmi, also known as Michael (dbr:Taiwo_Akinkunmi): Michael Taiwo Akinkunmi OFR (born 10 May 1936) is a retired Nige...geria's national flag, and he is commonly called "Mr. Flag Man".
5. Dave Taht, also known as Michael (dbr:Dave_Taht)
6. Michael Michael (dbr:Michael_Michael): Michael Michael (born 12 November 1957 in Birmingham) is the ex-...s involved in drug smuggling, prostitution and money laundering.
7. Turchin (dbr:Turchin)
8. Michael, Michael (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michael,_Michael>)
9. Michaelsen, Michael (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michaelsen,_Michael>)
10. MICHAEL (dbr:MICHAEL)

[Assistant]
The property dbp:spouse for dbr:Lance_Bass has the value "Michael Turchin", but there is no direct DBpedia entity for Michael Turchin in the top search results. However, the answer is clear from the literal value.

Now, I will construct the final SPARQL query to return the spouse(s) of Lance Bass, including any possible IRI and label if available.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query retrieves the correct spouse (Michael Turchin) but also returns irrelevant rows: an empty value and a date (2014-12-20). The query should be refined to filter out non-IRI values (such as literals and empty results) for ?spouse, ensuring only actual entities (people) are returned. Consider adding a FILTER(isIRI(?spouse)) clause to exclude dates and empty values. The answer text is correct, but the SPARQL query and result need refinement for precision and clarity.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To refine the query, I will add a FILTER(isIRI(?spouse)) clause so that only actual entities (IRIs) are returned, excluding literals such as dates or empty values.

Here is my revised approach:
- Only return ?spouse values that are IRIs (entities), which should correspond to people.
- Optionally return their English labels.

Here is the improved SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The query is structured correctly to retrieve the spouse of Lance Bass, but it returns no results. This suggests that the property dbp:spouse may not be present or correctly populated for Lance Bass in DBpedia. Consider checking for alternative properties such as dbo:spouse (from the ontology namespace) or reviewing the DBpedia entry for Lance Bass to verify how the spouse information is represented. The query should be retried with these adjustments.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Since dbp:spouse does not yield an IRI and may not be populated as an entity, I will now check for the alternative property dbo:spouse, which is the ontology property for spouse relationships in DBpedia.

First, I will list all properties for dbr:Lance_Bass to see if dbo:spouse or any other relevant property is present.

[Tool]
Got 271 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                     | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | James Lance Bass (* 4. května 19...ules. Je otevřeným homosexuálem. (cs) |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 161230 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1123520483 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 71832 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://www.lancebass.com/>                                              |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Lance Bass (en)                                                          |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | birth place (dbp:birthPlace)                                        | Laurel, Mississippi, U.S. (en)                                           |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | birth place (dbo:birthPlace)                                        | Laurel, Mississippi (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Laurel,_Mississippi>)  |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | birth date (dbp:birthDate)                                          | 1979-05-04 (xsd:date)                                                    |
| Lance Bass (dbr:Lance_Bass) | caption (dbp:caption)                                               | Bass in 2014 (en)                                                        |
| ...                         | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The property dbo:spouse is not present for dbr:Lance_Bass, and dbp:spouse only contains a literal value ("Michael Turchin") and a date, not an IRI.

Given this, the only available information in DBpedia is the literal value for the spouse, not an entity IRI. Therefore, the best possible SPARQL query is to return the literal spouse value for Lance Bass.

I will construct a query that returns the literal value of dbp:spouse for dbr:Lance_Bass, along with any available label.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?battle ?label WHERE {
  ?battle dbo:place dbr:San_Antonio .
  ?battle dbo:date ?date .
  FILTER ( YEAR( ?date ) = 1836 ) OPTIONAL {
    ?battle rdfs:label ?label FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| battle                                        | label                    |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_Alamo) | Battle of the Alamo (en) |
| Siege of the Alamo (dbr:Siege_of_the_Alamo)   | Siege of the Alamo (en)  |

The SPARQL query returns two related events in San Antonio in 1836: the Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_Alamo) and the Siege of the Alamo (dbr:Siege_of_the_Alamo). Historically, the 'Siege of the Alamo' refers to the period leading up to the final assault, which is known as the 'Battle of the Alamo.' These are often considered parts of the same event, with the siege culminating in the famous battle.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What was the name of the famous battle in 1836 in San Antonio?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the name of a famous battle that took place in 1836 in San Antonio.
2. We need to identify the entity for San Antonio, the year 1836, and find battles that occurred there in that year.
3. The answer should be the IRI of the battle, optionally with its label.

First, let's search for "San Antonio" in DBpedia to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. San Antonio, also known as San Antone Alamo City, Military ...down City, Something to Remember (dbr:San_Antonio): San Antonio , officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh...l part of the Spanish Empire, and later of the Mexican Republic.
2. Tampamolón Corona, also known as San antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tampamolón_Corona>): Tampamolón Corona is a town and municipality in San Luis Potosí in central Mexico.
3. San Antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:San_Antonio>)
4. San antonio (dbr:San_antonio)
5. San Antonio FC (dbr:San_Antonio_FC): San Antonio FC is a professional soccer team based in San Antoni...tes soccer league system, as a member of the Western Conference.
6. San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs): The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball te...nd are the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.
7. San Antonio Oeste (dbr:San_Antonio_Oeste): San Antonio Oeste is a port city in the Argentine province of Rí...utpost, San Antonio (so named in honor of St. Anthony of Padua).
8. Antonio Sanabria (dbr:Antonio_Sanabria): Arnaldo Antonio Sanabria Ayala (born 4 March 1996), also known a... striker for Italian club Torino and the Paraguay national team.
9. San Antonio Commanders (dbr:San_Antonio_Commanders): The San Antonio Commanders were a professional American football...allowed players to leave their contracts to sign with NFL teams.
10. SDC San Antonio (dbr:SDC_San_Antonio)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for San Antonio, Texas is dbr:San_Antonio.

Next, I need to find battles that took place in San Antonio in 1836. I will search for battles related to San Antonio.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Battle of San Antonio (dbr:Battle_of_San_Antonio)
2. San Antonio, also known as San Antone Alamo City, Military ...down City, Something to Remember (dbr:San_Antonio): San Antonio , officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh...l part of the Spanish Empire, and later of the Mexican Republic.
3. Tampamolón Corona, also known as San antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tampamolón_Corona>): Tampamolón Corona is a town and municipality in San Luis Potosí in central Mexico.
4. San Antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:San_Antonio>)
5. San antonio (dbr:San_antonio)
6. San Antonio FC (dbr:San_Antonio_FC): San Antonio FC is a professional soccer team based in San Antoni...tes soccer league system, as a member of the Western Conference.
7. San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs): The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball te...nd are the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.
8. San Antonio Oeste (dbr:San_Antonio_Oeste): San Antonio Oeste is a port city in the Argentine province of Rí...utpost, San Antonio (so named in honor of St. Anthony of Padua).
9. Antonio Sanabria (dbr:Antonio_Sanabria): Arnaldo Antonio Sanabria Ayala (born 4 March 1996), also known a... striker for Italian club Torino and the Paraguay national team.
10. San Antonio Commanders (dbr:San_Antonio_Commanders): The San Antonio Commanders were a professional American football...allowed players to leave their contracts to sign with NFL teams.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Battle of San Antonio (dbr:Battle_of_San_Antonio)
2. San Antonio, also known as San Antone Alamo City, Military ...down City, Something to Remember (dbr:San_Antonio): San Antonio , officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh...l part of the Spanish Empire, and later of the Mexican Republic.
3. Tampamolón Corona, also known as San antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tampamolón_Corona>): Tampamolón Corona is a town and municipality in San Luis Potosí in central Mexico.
4. San Antonio (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:San_Antonio>)
5. San antonio (dbr:San_antonio)
6. San Antonio FC (dbr:San_Antonio_FC): San Antonio FC is a professional soccer team based in San Antoni...tes soccer league system, as a member of the Western Conference.
7. San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs): The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball te...nd are the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.
8. San Antonio Oeste (dbr:San_Antonio_Oeste): San Antonio Oeste is a port city in the Argentine province of Rí...utpost, San Antonio (so named in honor of St. Anthony of Padua).
9. Antonio Sanabria (dbr:Antonio_Sanabria): Arnaldo Antonio Sanabria Ayala (born 4 March 1996), also known a... striker for Italian club Torino and the Paraguay national team.
10. San Antonio Commanders (dbr:San_Antonio_Commanders): The San Antonio Commanders were a professional American football...allowed players to leave their contracts to sign with NFL teams.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_Alamo): The Battle of the Alamo (February 23 – March 6, 1836) was a pivo...attle inspired many Texians and Tejanos to join the Texian Army.
2. The battle of the alamo (dbr:The_battle_of_the_alamo)
3. Battle of The Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_The_Alamo)
4. Battle of the alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_alamo)
5. Battle of the Alamo, The (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Battle_of_the_Alamo,_The>)
6. The Battle of the Alamo (dbr:The_Battle_of_the_Alamo)
7. Legacy of the Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Legacy_of_the_Battle_of_the_Alamo): The Battle of the Alamo left a substantial legacy and influence ...is an event that is told from the perspective of the vanquished.
8. List of survivors of the Battle of the Alamo (dbr:List_of_survivors_of_the_Battle_of_the_Alamo)
9. List of Texian survivors of the Battle of the Alamo (dbr:List_of_Texian_survivors_of_the_Battle_of_the_Alamo): When the Battle of the Alamo ended at approximately 6:30 a.m. on...ad occupied the Alamo Mission in San Antonio, Texas, were alive.
10. List of Texan survivors of the Battle of the Alamo (dbr:List_of_Texan_survivors_of_the_Battle_of_the_Alamo)

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| battle                                        |
| --------------------------------------------- |
| Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_Alamo) |
| Siege of the Alamo (dbr:Siege_of_the_Alamo)   |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| battle                                        | label                    |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| Battle of the Alamo (dbr:Battle_of_the_Alamo) | Battle of the Alamo (en) |
| Siege of the Alamo (dbr:Siege_of_the_Alamo)   | Siege of the Alamo (en)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies battles in San Antonio in 1836 and returns both the Battle of the Alamo and the Siege of the Alamo. However, the answer only mentions the Battle of the Alamo, while the query result includes both. The answer should clarify the relationship between these two events (which are often considered the same event, with the 'Siege' being the lead-up to the 'Battle'), or at least mention both results from the query. Additionally, the query is well-formed and follows the rules, but the answer should be updated to reflect the full result set or explain the distinction.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query accurately retrieves events in San Antonio in 1836, returning both the 'Battle of the Alamo' and the 'Siege of the Alamo.' The answer correctly explains the historical context, noting that the 'Battle of the Alamo' is the famous event referenced in the question. The query follows all guidelines, returning IRIs and optionally labels, and does not use unsupported features.


PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?year WHERE {
  dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery dbp:opened ?year
}

The founding year of the brewery that produces Pilsner Urquell is 1842.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the founding year of the brewery that produces Pilsner Urquell?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the brewery that produces Pilsner Urquell.
2. Then, we need to find the founding year of that brewery.

First, I will search for "Pilsner Urquell" in DBpedia to find its entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pilsner Urquell (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell): Pilsner Urquell (German: [ˈpɪlznɐ ˈʔuːɐ̯ˌkvɛl]; Czech: Plzeňský ...key element in its flavour profile, as is the use of soft water.
2. Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery): Plzeňský Prazdroj, a. s. (pronounced [ˈpl̩zɛɲskiː ˈprazdroj a ɛs...ometimes named pils, pilsner and pilsener after Pilsner Urquell.
3. Pilsner Urquell brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_brewery)
4. Pilsner (dbr:Pilsner): Pilsner (also pilsener or simply pils) is a type of pale lager. ...er, the original Pilsner Urquell, is still produced there today.
5. Urquell (dbr:Urquell)
6. Berliner Pilsner (dbr:Berliner_Pilsner): Berliner Pilsner is a brand of beer produced in Berlin, Germany ...-Kindl-Schultheiss-Brauerei, a division of the Radeberger Group.
7. Crown Pilsner (dbr:Crown_Pilsner): Crown Pilsner is a 5.4% Australian beer made by the Carlton & Un...ogo that has changed only four times in the history of the beer.
8. Crown pilsner (dbr:Crown_pilsner)
9. Pilsner glass (dbr:Pilsner_glass)
10. Urquelle (dbr:Urquelle)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entities are:
- dbr:Pilsner_Urquell (the beer)
- dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery (the brewery)

Since the question is about the brewery that produces Pilsner Urquell, I will focus on dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery.

Next, I will search for properties related to the founding year for dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. opened (dbp:opened)
2. name (dbp:name)
3. owner (dbo:owner): Used as if meaning: owned by, has as its owner, agent
4. owner (dbp:owner)
5. text (dbp:text)
6. type (dbp:type)
7. FID (dbp:fid)
8. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString
9. logo (dbp:logo)
10. location city (dbp:locationCity)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 118 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                               | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Pilsner Urquell (en checo: Plzeň... «Pilsner original o auténtica». (es) |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 2549590 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1088753481 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 13892 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://virtualtravel.cz/czech/en/galeries.php%3Fg=44>                   |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Plzeňský prazdroj , a. s. (en)                                           |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | type (dbp:type)                                                     | Subsidiary (dbr:Subsidiary)                                              |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | logo (dbp:logo)                                                     | Plzensky Prazdroj Logo.svg (en)                                          |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | owner (dbp:owner)                                                   | Asahi Breweries (dbr:Asahi_Breweries)                                    |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | owner (dbo:owner)                                                   | Asahi Breweries (dbr:Asahi_Breweries)                                    |
| ...                                                   | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                               | property            | object         |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | -------------- |
| Pilsner Urquell Brewery (dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery) | opened (dbp:opened) | 1842 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the founding year of the brewery that produces Pilsner Urquell by querying the 'dbp:opened' property of the 'dbr:Pilsner_Urquell_Brewery' entity. The answer matches the expected result, and the query follows all the specified rules. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?museum ?museumLabel WHERE {
  VALUES ?prop {
    dbo:museum dbp:museum
  }
  dbr:The_Scream ?prop ?museum .
  ?museum a dbo:Museum .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?museum rdfs:label ?museumLabel FILTER ( lang( ?museumLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| museum                                                                              | museumLabel                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Munch Museum (dbr:Munch_Museum)                                                     | Munch Museum (en)              |
| National Gallery (Norway) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Gallery_(Norway)>) | National Gallery (Norway) (en) |

The Scream by Edvard Munch is exhibited at the Munch Museum (dbr:Munch_Museum) and the National Gallery (Norway) (http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Gallery_(Norway)), both of which are museums.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which museum exhibits The Scream by Munch?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The artwork in question is "The Scream" by Edvard Munch.
2. The user wants to know which museum exhibits this artwork.

First, I need to identify the DBpedia entity for "The Scream" and then find the property that links artworks to museums or locations where they are exhibited.

Step 1: Search for the entity "The Scream" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Scream (dbr:The_Scream)
2. The scream (dbr:The_scream)
3. The Scream! (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Scream!>)
4. The Scream (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Scream_(album)>): The Scream is the debut studio album by British rock band Siouxs...led by critics as an original musical development in rock music.
5. The Silver Scream (dbr:The_Silver_Scream): The Silver Scream is the fifth album by the American heavy metal...God It's Friday"), and The Texas Chain Saw Massacre ("Savages").
6. The Silent Scream (dbr:The_Silent_Scream): The Silent Scream is a 1984 anti-abortion film directed by Jack ... described as appearing to make outcries of pain and discomfort.
7. The Scream Team (dbr:The_Scream_Team)
8. The Screamers, also known as The Tupperwares (dbr:The_Screamers)
9. The Scream (band), also known as Saints or Sinners (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Scream_(band)>)
10. The American Scream (dbr:The_American_Scream): The American Scream is a documentary film profiling three famili...Haunted Attraction National Tradeshow and Convention (HAuNTcon).

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "The Scream" by Edvard Munch is dbr:The_Scream.

Next, I need to find which property links an artwork to the museum where it is exhibited. Common properties could be "museum", "location", "collection", or "exhibited at". I will search for properties related to "museum" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. museum (dbo:museum): artwork, museum
2. museum (dbp:museum)
3. city  (dbp:city)
4. image (dbp:image)
5. artist (dbp:artist)
6. caption (dbp:caption)
7. image upright (dbp:imageUpright)
8. other language  (dbp:otherLanguage)
9. movement (dbp:movement)
10. type (dbp:type)

No other items found

[Assistant] The properties dbo:museum and dbp:museum are both relevant for linking an artwork to its museum. I will now query for the museum(s) associated with dbr:The_Scream using these properties.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| museum                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| National Gallery and Munch Museum (en)                                              |
| Munch Museum (dbr:Munch_Museum)                                                     |
| National Gallery (Norway) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Gallery_(Norway)>) |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| museum                                                                              | museumLabel                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| National Gallery and Munch Museum (en)                                              |                                |
| Munch Museum (dbr:Munch_Museum)                                                     | Munch Museum (en)              |
| National Gallery (Norway) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Gallery_(Norway)>) | National Gallery (Norway) (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct and retrieves relevant museums associated with 'The Scream' by Edvard Munch. However, the first result ('National Gallery and Munch Museum') does not have an IRI and appears to be a concatenated label or an error, which should be filtered out. The query should ensure that only valid IRIs for museums are returned. Additionally, the query could be improved by explicitly filtering out non-IRI results and ensuring that only entities of type museum (dbo:Museum) are included, to avoid irrelevant or malformed results.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I understand that the previous query included a non-IRI result ("National Gallery and Munch Museum") and could be improved by ensuring only valid IRIs that are instances of dbo:Museum are returned.

Here's my plan:
1. Only select results where ?museum is an IRI.
2. Ensure that ?museum is typed as dbo:Museum.
3. Optionally, include English labels.

I'll now write a refined SPARQL query that implements these improvements.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| museum                                                                              | museumLabel                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Munch Museum (dbr:Munch_Museum)                                                     | Munch Museum (en)              |
| National Gallery (Norway) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Gallery_(Norway)>) | National Gallery (Norway) (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the museums that exhibit 'The Scream' by Edvard Munch by looking for properties indicating the museum and filtering for entities of type dbo:Museum. The query also optionally retrieves English labels for the museums. The answer matches the execution result, and the query follows all the specified rules. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?property ?value WHERE {
  dbr:Finland ?property ?value FILTER ( regex( str( ?property ) , "eu|accession|member|enlargement" , "i" ) )
}

Got 70 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| property                 | value                                                             |
| ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:!>                          |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Abbr>                       |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:About>                      |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Additional_citation_needed> |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:As_of>                      |
| ...                      | ...                                                               |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Ublist>                     |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Update>                     |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Use_dmy_dates>              |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Use_Oxford_spelling>        |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Wikiatlas>                  |

DBpedia does not contain a direct property or event with an explicit date for Finland's accession to the European Union. There are no properties like dbo:accessionYear, dbo:accessionDate, dbp:euYear, or similar set for dbr:Finland, nor does the 1995 enlargement event list its participants or a date property. Therefore, it is not possible to answer the question with a SPARQL query that returns the actual date from DBpedia.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] When did Finland join the EU?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user wants to know when Finland joined the European Union (EU).
2. We need to identify the entity for Finland and the EU, and then find the property that relates to the date of accession or membership.

First, I will search for the entity "Finland" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Finland (dbr:Finland): Finland (Finnish: Suomi [ˈsuo̯mi] (listen); Swedish: Finland [ˈf...e Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea across Estonia to the south.
2. Finland (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Finland>)
3. FinlanD (dbr:FinlanD)
4. FINLAND (dbr:FINLAND)
5. Salo, Finland (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Salo,_Finland>): Salo (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈsɑlo]) is a town and municipality...Finnish salo means woodland, backwoods but also a wooded island.
6. Hanko, Finland (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hanko,_Finland>): Hanko (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhɑŋko]; Swedish: Hangö) is a por...ish speakers and a strong minority being Swedish speakers (44%).
7. Rauma, Finland (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Rauma,_Finland>): Rauma (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈrɑumɑ]; Swedish: Raumo) is a tow...(57 mi) north of Turku, and 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Pori.
8. Lapland (Finland) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lapland_(Finland)>): Lapland (Finnish: Lappi, Finnish pronunciation: [ˈlɑpːi]; Northe.... Lapland borders the region of North Ostrobothnia in the south.
9. Inari, Finland (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Inari,_Finland>): Inari (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈinɑri]; Inari Sami: Aanaar; Skol... of Sami culture, widely known as the "capital of Sámi culture".
10. Central Finland (dbr:Central_Finland)

[Assistant]
The main entity for Finland is dbr:Finland.

Next, I need to identify the property that links Finland to its EU membership date. Likely property names could be "EU accession", "European Union membership", or "accession date". I will search for properties related to "European Union" for the entity dbr:Finland.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. event (dbo:event): event
2. legislature (dbo:legislature): populated place, legislature
3. legislature (dbp:legislature)
4. currency (dbo:currency): currency
5. currency (dbp:currency)
6. img  (dbp:img)
7. country (dbp:country)
8. pop  (dbp:pop)
9. city  (dbp:city)
10. official language (dbo:officialLanguage): populated place, language

No other items found

[Assistant]
The search for properties directly related to "European Union" for Finland did not return a specific property for EU accession or membership date.

Next, I will search for properties related to "accession" for the entity dbr:Finland, as the date Finland joined the EU is often called the "accession date".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. alignment (dbp:alignment)
2. established date (dbp:establishedDate)
3. sovereignty note (dbp:sovereigntyNote)
4. align (dbp:align)
5. leader title (dbp:leaderTitle)
6. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString
7. sovereignty type (dbp:sovereigntyType)
8. established event (dbp:establishedEvent)
9. official language (dbo:officialLanguage): populated place, language
10. caption (dbp:caption)

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct "accession" property for Finland in DBpedia.

As an alternative, I will search for properties related to "European Union" in general (not just for Finland) to see if there is a property that links countries to their EU accession date.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. EU- (dbp:eu)
2. EU member (dbp:euMember)
3. european (dbp:european)
4. Europe (dbp:europe)
5. EU year (dbp:euYear)
6. eum (dbp:eum)
7. legal EU (dbp:legalEu)
8. euo (dbp:euo)
9. EUR (dbp:eur)
10. ENG  (dbp:eng)

[Assistant]
From the search, the property dbp:euYear looks promising, as it may represent the year a country joined the EU.

I will now check if dbr:Finland has a dbp:euYear property and what value it holds.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that dbr:Finland does not have a dbp:euYear property directly set in DBpedia.

As another approach, I will check if there is a property like "member of" or "membership" that links Finland to the European Union, possibly with a date. I will search for properties related to "member" for dbr:Finland.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. country (dbp:country)
2. img  (dbp:img)
3. city  (dbp:city)
4. event (dbo:event): event
5. image (dbp:image)
6. color (dbp:color)
7. pop  (dbp:pop)
8. leader name (dbp:leaderName)
9. caption (dbp:caption)
10. div  (dbp:div)

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct "member" or "membership" property for Finland in DBpedia either.

Given that direct properties are not yielding results, another approach is to check if there is an event entity for Finland's accession to the EU, possibly linked via dbo:event or a similar property. I will check what events are linked to dbr:Finland using dbo:event.

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject               | property          | object                          |
| --------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__1 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__2 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__3 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__4 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__5 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__6 |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | event (dbo:event) | dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__7 |

[Assistant] Finland is linked to several historical events via dbo:event, but the object IRIs are generic (e.g., dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__1). To identify if any of these events correspond to Finland joining the EU, I will retrieve the labels and dates for these events.

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| event                           | label | date |
| ------------------------------- | ----- | ---- |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__1 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__2 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__3 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__4 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__5 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__6 |       |      |
| dbr:Finland__HistoricalEvent__7 |       |      |

[Assistant]
None of the historical event entities linked to Finland have labels or dates, so they do not provide information about Finland's EU accession.

As a last approach, I will search for entities related to "Finland European Union accession" or "Finland European Union membership" to see if there is a dedicated event or page in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Finland and the European Union (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Finland_and_the_European_Union>)
2. Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union)
3. Permanent Representatives of Finland to the European Union (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Permanent_Representatives_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union>)
4. European Union (dbr:European_Union): The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 ... only those matters, where the states have agreed to act as one.
5. European Union (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:European_Union>)
6. EUROPEAN UNION (dbr:EUROPEAN_UNION)
7. European union (dbr:European_union)
8. Western European Union (dbr:Western_European_Union): The Western European Union (WEU; French: Union de l'Europe occid...y of Brussels. The WEU implemented the Modified Brussels Treaty.
9. European Broadcasting Union (dbr:European_Broadcasting_Union): The European Broadcasting Union (EBU; French: Union européenne d...ies. It is best known for producing the Eurovision Song Contest.
10. European Union law (dbr:European_Union_law): European Union law is a system of rules operating within the mem...ion states for the purpose of cooperation and human development.

[Assistant]
There is a specific entity: dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union. This entity likely contains information about the date Finland joined the EU.

Next, I will check which properties are available for dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union, focusing on date-related properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString

No other items found

[Assistant] There are no direct date properties for dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union. However, sometimes the accession date is mentioned as a "start date", "year", or similar. I will search for all properties of this entity to see if any contain a date or year.

[Tool]
Got 17 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                | La procédure d’adhésion de la Fi... s'est ainsi élargie à 15 États. (fr)                        |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 37592749 (xsd:int)                                                                              |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 1094997845 (xsd:int)                                                                            |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 52 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects)                  | 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union)             |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | rdfs:comment                                               | La procédure d’adhésion de la Fi... s'est ainsi élargie à 15 États. (fr)                        |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | rdfs:label                                                 | Accession of Finland to the European Union (en)                                                 |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | owl:sameAs                                                 | <http://fr.dbpedia.org/resource/Procédure_d'adhésion_de_la_Finlande_à_l'Union_européenne>       |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | prov:wasDerivedFrom                                        | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union?oldid=1094997845&ns=0> |
| Accession of Finland to the European Union (dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf                                      | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union>                       |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The entity dbr:Accession_of_Finland_to_the_European_Union redirects to dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union. This suggests that Finland joined the EU as part of the 1995 enlargement.

I will now check if dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union has a date property indicating when the enlargement (and thus Finland's accession) occurred.

[Tool]
Got 61 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                             | property                                                   | object                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                | EU-15 es refereix als 15 països ... Espanya
* Suècia
* Regne Unit (ca)                       |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 26519486 (xsd:int)                                                                             |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 1086374994 (xsd:int)                                                                           |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 9579 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | dc:subject                                                 | 1995 in the European Union (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1995_in_the_European_Union>) |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate                                   | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:AUT>                                                     |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | rdf:type                                                   | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Abstraction100002137>                                           |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | rdfs:comment                                               | EU-15 es refereix als 15 països ... Espanya
* Suècia
* Regne Unit (ca)                       |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | rdfs:label                                                 | 1995 enlargement of the European Union (en)                                                    |
| 1995 enlargement of the European Union (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) | owl:sameAs                                                 | <http://ca.dbpedia.org/resource/EU-15>                                                         |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the properties, there is no direct "date" property, but the event is categorized under "1995 in the European Union", which strongly suggests that Finland joined the EU in 1995.

To provide the most precise answer possible from DBpedia, I will construct a SPARQL query that returns the IRI for the 1995 enlargement event, and optionally its label and any available date information, to show when Finland joined the EU.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query did not return any results, so the answer is not supported by the query execution. The query attempts to find an event associated with Finland that is specifically the 1995 enlargement of the European Union, but there is no such triple in DBpedia. To improve, try looking for properties like dbo:accessionYear, dbo:accessionDate, or similar, or check if Finland has a direct property indicating its EU accession year or date. If not, consider querying the 1995 enlargement event for its participants. The answer should be based on actual data returned by the query.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I understand that my previous approach did not yield results because there is no direct triple linking Finland to the 1995 enlargement event in DBpedia.

To improve, I will:
1. Search for properties like dbo:accessionYear, dbo:accessionDate, or similar for Finland.
2. If those do not exist, I will check if the 1995 enlargement event has a list of participants or members.
3. The goal is to find a property or event that directly links Finland to its EU accession date or year.

First, I will search for properties related to "accession" (including "accessionYear" and "accessionDate") in DBpedia in general.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Accession (dbp:accession)
2. accession date (dbp:accessionDate)
3. schengen accession (dbp:schengenAccession)
4. admission (dbp:admission)
5. investiture (dbp:investiture)
6. assent (dbp:assent)
7. succession (dbp:succession)
8. affiliation title (dbp:affiliationTitle)
9. AdmittanceOrder (dbp:admittanceorder)
10. initiation (dbp:initiation)

[Assistant] There are properties dbp:accession and dbp:accessionDate, which are promising. I will now check if dbr:Finland has either of these properties set.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Finland does not have dbp:accession or dbp:accessionDate properties set in DBpedia.

Next, I will check if the 1995 enlargement event (dbr:1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union) has properties listing its participants, members, or countries involved. I will look for properties like "participant", "member", or "country" for this event.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString

No other items found

[Assistant]
The 1995 enlargement event does not have properties listing its participants, members, or countries.

As another approach, I will check if there is a property like dbp:eu or dbp:euYear for Finland, as previously found in the property search.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Finland does not have dbp:eu or dbp:euYear properties set either.

Since direct properties are not available, I will try a broader approach: I will look for all properties of dbr:Finland that might contain the year 1995 or reference the EU, to see if any relevant information is present.

[Tool]
Got 636 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject               | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | A Finlândia (em finlandês: ? , p...conômico e na qualidade de vida. (pt) |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 10577 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1124952403 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 251713 (xsd:int)                                                         |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://findikaattori.fi/en>                                             |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | date (dbp:date)                                                     | December 2010 (en)                                                       |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | caption (dbp:caption)                                               | 12 (xsd:int)                                                             |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | country (dbp:country)                                               | Finland (en)                                                             |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | label (dbp:label)                                                   | African diaspora in Finland (dbr:African_diaspora_in_Finland)            |
| Finland (dbr:Finland) | UTC offset (dbo:utcOffset)                                          | +2                                                                       |
| ...                   | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
The broad property listing for Finland does not show any direct EU accession date or year, nor any property referencing the EU with a date.

Given all the above, DBpedia does not seem to contain a direct property or event with the date Finland joined the EU, nor does it list participants for the 1995 enlargement event. All evidence points to the year 1995, but there is no explicit triple in DBpedia to support this with a date property.

I will now provide a SPARQL query that demonstrates this lack of explicit data, and explain the limitation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The system's explanation is correct: DBpedia does not contain a direct property or event with an explicit date for Finland's accession to the EU. The attempted SPARQL query sensibly tries to find relevant properties, but the result confirms that the necessary information is not present. The output is correct and complete in its current form.


PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  {
    dbr:Estonia dbo:language ?language .
    FILTER ( isIRI( ?language ) ) OPTIONAL {
      ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
    }
  } UNION {
    dbr:Estonia dbp:languages ?language .
    FILTER ( isIRI( ?language ) ) OPTIONAL {
      ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
    }
  } UNION {
    ?language dbo:spokenIn dbr:Estonia .
    FILTER ( isIRI( ?language ) ) OPTIONAL {
      ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
    }
  }
}

Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                                                    | languageLabel               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| dbr:Baltic_Romani__Baltic_Romani__1                         |                             |
| Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language)                   | Estonian language (en)      |
| Estonian Sign Language (dbr:Estonian_Sign_Language)         | Estonian Sign Language (en) |
| Estonian Swedish (dbr:Estonian_Swedish)                     | Estonian Swedish (en)       |
| Laiuse Romani language (dbr:Laiuse_Romani_language)         | Laiuse Romani language (en) |
| ...                                                         | ...                         |
| Middle Low German (dbr:Middle_Low_German)                   | Middle Low German (en)      |
| Modern Swedish (dbr:Modern_Swedish)                         | Modern Swedish (en)         |
| dbr:Seto_dialect__Seto__1                                   |                             |
| Swedish language (dbr:Swedish_language)                     | Swedish language (en)       |
| Võro language (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Võro_language>) | Võro language (en)          |

According to DBpedia, the following languages are spoken in Estonia: Estonian, Estonian Sign Language, Estonian Swedish, Laiuse Romani, Middle Low German, Modern Swedish, Swedish, Võro, and others. Russian does not appear in the current DBpedia data for Estonia, but it is widely spoken in reality. The query returns only valid DBpedia resources for languages spoken in Estonia.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

[Assistant]
First, I need to identify the entity for "Estonia" in DBpedia and then find the relevant property that links a country to the languages spoken there. Typically, this is something like "official language" or "language spoken".

Step 1: Search for the entity "Estonia" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Estonia (dbr:Estonia): Estonia (Estonian: Eesti [ˈeːsʲti] (listen)), officially the Rep... the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia.
2. Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Estonia>)
3. Valga, Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Valga,_Estonia>)
4. Kunda, Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kunda,_Estonia>): Kunda is a town in the Viru-Nigula Parish of Estonia, located on... is a pulp mill (AS Estonian Cell), a cement factory and a port.
5. Estonians (dbr:Estonians)
6. Elva, Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Elva,_Estonia>): Elva is a town in Elva Parish, Tartu County, Estonia.Elva has tw...ng electronics manufacturing services in industrial electronics.
7. MS Estonia (dbr:MS_Estonia)
8. Tapa, Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tapa,_Estonia>)
9. 1541 Estonia (dbr:1541_Estonia): 1541 Estonia, provisional designation 1939 CK, is an asteroid fr...and. The asteroid was named after the Baltic country of Estonia.
10. Sindi, Estonia (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sindi,_Estonia>): Sindi (German: Zintenhof) is a town in Tori Parish, in Pärnu Cou... the county capital Pärnu, on the left coast of the Pärnu River.

[Assistant]
The main entity for Estonia is dbr:Estonia.

Next, I need to find the property that links a country to the languages spoken there. Common properties could be "official language", "language spoken", or similar. I will search for properties related to "language" for the entity dbr:Estonia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. language (dbo:language): Use dc:language for literal, language for object, language
2. languages (dbp:languages)
3. languages type (dbp:languagesType)
4. color (dbp:color)
5. country (dbp:country)
6. currency (dbo:currency): currency
7. currency (dbp:currency)
8. label (dbp:label)
9. city  (dbp:city)
10. date (dbp:date)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties are dbo:language and dbp:languages. dbo:language is likely the main ontology property, while dbp:languages is a property from the infobox.

To ensure completeness, I will check what values are linked to dbr:Estonia via dbo:language and dbp:languages. I will start by listing triples where dbr:Estonia is the subject and dbo:language is the property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject               | property                | object                                    |
| --------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| Estonia (dbr:Estonia) | language (dbo:language) | Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language) |

[Assistant]
The dbo:language property links Estonia to the Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language).

For completeness, I will also check dbp:languages to see if there are additional languages listed.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject               | property                  | object         |
| --------------------- | ------------------------- | -------------- |
| Estonia (dbr:Estonia) | languages (dbp:languages) | Estoniana (en) |

[Assistant]
The dbp:languages property also lists "Estoniana (en)", which appears to be a literal value for Estonian.

Based on the data, the only language explicitly linked to Estonia in DBpedia is Estonian (dbr:Estonian_language).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query that returns all languages (as IRIs) spoken in Estonia, using both dbo:language and dbp:languages, and optionally their labels if available.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| language                                  | languageLabel          |
| ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Estoniana (en)                            |                        |
| Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language) | Estonian language (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is mostly correct in that it retrieves languages associated with Estonia via both dbo:language and dbp:languages. However, the execution result includes an irrelevant or malformed entry: 'Estoniana (en)' which does not correspond to a valid DBpedia IRI. The query should be refined to ensure that only valid IRIs (i.e., resources in the DBpedia namespace) are returned for ?language. This can be done by filtering out literals or non-IRI values. Additionally, the answer should mention all valid results, not just Estonian, if more are found. Please refine the query to exclude non-IRI results and ensure completeness.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To refine the query, I need to ensure that only valid IRIs (resources in the DBpedia namespace) are returned for ?language. In SPARQL, I can use the isIRI() function to filter out literals and keep only IRIs.

I will update the query to include a FILTER(isIRI(?language)) clause, ensuring only valid DBpedia resources are returned.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language                                  | languageLabel          |
| ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language) | Estonian language (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct and returns the main language spoken in Estonia (Estonian). However, it may be missing other languages that are spoken in Estonia, such as Russian, which is also widely spoken. To improve completeness, consider also checking for properties like dbo:officialLanguage, dbo:spokenIn, or other relevant language-related properties, and possibly looking for languages associated with Estonia via dbo:spokenIn or similar properties on language entities. This will ensure a more comprehensive answer.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve completeness, I will:

1. Search for additional properties such as dbo:officialLanguage, dbo:spokenIn, and other relevant language-related properties that might link Estonia to languages.
2. Additionally, I will check if any language entities have dbo:spokenIn or similar properties pointing to Estonia.

First, I will search for properties related to "official language" and "spoken in" for Estonia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. language (dbo:language): Use dc:language for literal, language for object, language
2. languages (dbp:languages)
3. languages type (dbp:languagesType)
4. government type (dbp:governmentType)
5. government type (dbo:governmentType): broadly, the type of structure of its government, Government Type
6. national anthem (dbp:nationalAnthem)
7. legislature (dbo:legislature): populated place, legislature
8. legislature (dbp:legislature)
9. anthem (dbo:anthem): Official song (anthem) of a PopulatedPlace, SportsTeam, School or other, work
10. country (dbp:country)

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no dbo:officialLanguage property directly associated with Estonia.

Next, I will search for properties related to "spoken in" for language entities, to see if any languages have a property indicating they are spoken in Estonia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spoken in (dbo:spokenIn): populated place, language
2. spoken (dbp:spoken)
3. language spoken (dbp:languageSpoken)
4. written in (dbp:writtenIn)
5. language (dbo:language): Use dc:language for literal, language for object, language
6. language (dbp:language)
7. Speak language (dbp:speakLanguage)
8. in (dbp:in)
9. words (dbp:words)
10. voice (dbp:voice)

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is dbo:spokenIn, which links a language to a place where it is spoken. I will now check which languages have dbo:spokenIn dbr:Estonia.

I will construct a query to find all languages where ?language dbo:spokenIn dbr:Estonia, and get their labels.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                                                    | languageLabel               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| dbr:Baltic_Romani__Baltic_Romani__1                         |                             |
| Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language)                   | Estonian language (en)      |
| Estonian Sign Language (dbr:Estonian_Sign_Language)         | Estonian Sign Language (en) |
| Estonian Swedish (dbr:Estonian_Swedish)                     | Estonian Swedish (en)       |
| Laiuse Romani language (dbr:Laiuse_Romani_language)         | Laiuse Romani language (en) |
| ...                                                         | ...                         |
| Middle Low German (dbr:Middle_Low_German)                   | Middle Low German (en)      |
| Modern Swedish (dbr:Modern_Swedish)                         | Modern Swedish (en)         |
| dbr:Seto_dialect__Seto__1                                   |                             |
| Swedish language (dbr:Swedish_language)                     | Swedish language (en)       |
| Võro language (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Võro_language>) | Võro language (en)          |

[Assistant]
The dbo:spokenIn property reveals several languages spoken in Estonia, including Estonian, Estonian Sign Language, Estonian Swedish, Laiuse Romani, Middle Low German, Modern Swedish, Swedish, and Võro, among others. However, Russian does not appear in this list, which may be a limitation of the current DBpedia data.

To provide a comprehensive answer, I will combine the results from:
- dbo:language and dbp:languages properties of Estonia (filtered to IRIs)
- dbo:spokenIn property on language entities pointing to Estonia

I will construct a query that unifies these results, ensuring only valid IRIs are included.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                                                    | languageLabel               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| dbr:Baltic_Romani__Baltic_Romani__1                         |                             |
| Estonian language (dbr:Estonian_language)                   | Estonian language (en)      |
| Estonian Sign Language (dbr:Estonian_Sign_Language)         | Estonian Sign Language (en) |
| Estonian Swedish (dbr:Estonian_Swedish)                     | Estonian Swedish (en)       |
| Laiuse Romani language (dbr:Laiuse_Romani_language)         | Laiuse Romani language (en) |
| ...                                                         | ...                         |
| Middle Low German (dbr:Middle_Low_German)                   | Middle Low German (en)      |
| Modern Swedish (dbr:Modern_Swedish)                         | Modern Swedish (en)         |
| dbr:Seto_dialect__Seto__1                                   |                             |
| Swedish language (dbr:Swedish_language)                     | Swedish language (en)       |
| Võro language (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Võro_language>) | Võro language (en)          |

[Tool] Stopped generation process