PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?city WHERE {
  dbr:Michel_Lang dbo:birthPlace ?city .
  ?city a dbo:City .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?city rdfs:label ?label FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| city              |
| ----------------- |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) |

Michel Lang was born in Paris (dbr:Paris), which is a city in Europe.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which city in Europe was michel lang born in

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Michel Lang". I need to find the corresponding entity in DBpedia.
2. I need to find the city where Michel Lang was born.
3. The city should be in Europe.

First, I will search for "Michel Lang" in DBpedia to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Michel Lang (dbr:Michel_Lang): Michel Lang (9 June 1939 – 24 April 2014) was a French film and ...0s. After 1990, he directed predominantly for French television.
2. Michel Langerak (dbr:Michel_Langerak): Michel Langerak (born 8 July 1968) is a Dutch professional footb...er player who is currently the assistant coach at Kozakken Boys.
3. Michel Langevin, also known as Away (dbr:Michel_Langevin): Michel "Away" Langevin (born May 30, 1963) is a founding member ...science fiction themes.Langevin is also a graphic design artist.
4. Michelle Lang (dbr:Michelle_Lang): Michelle Justine Lang (31 January 1975 – 30 December 2009) was a... the first Canadian journalist to die in the War in Afghanistan.
5. Michel Langlois (dbr:Michel_Langlois): Michel Langlois is a Canadian film director and screenwriter from Quebec.
6. Michel Langlet (dbr:Michel_Langlet): Michel Langlet was a French boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
7. Lang, Michelle (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lang,_Michelle>)
8. Michelle Langstone (dbr:Michelle_Langstone): Michelle Langstone (born 30 January 1979) is a New Zealand actre... and later appeared as Master Guin in Power Rangers Jungle Fury.
9. Michel Langlois (biker) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michel_Langlois_(biker)>)
10. Michel Langlois (gangster) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michel_Langlois_(gangster)>)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity is dbr:Michel_Lang, who was a French film director.

Next, I need to find the property that indicates the place of birth for Michel Lang. I'll search for properties related to "birth" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. birth year (dbo:birthYear): xsd:gYear, person
2. birth place (dbo:birthPlace): where the person was born, animal, place
3. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
4. birth date (dbo:birthDate): xsd:date, animal
5. birth date (dbp:birthDate)
6. death date (dbo:deathDate): xsd:date, animal
7. death date (dbp:deathDate)
8. name (dbp:name)
9. occupation (dbo:occupation): person function
10. occupation (dbp:occupation)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The relevant properties for place of birth are dbo:birthPlace and dbp:birthPlace.

Now, I will check what value is given for Michel Lang's place of birth using these properties.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                     | object              |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Michel Lang (dbr:Michel_Lang) | birth place (dbo:birthPlace) | France (dbr:France) |
| Michel Lang (dbr:Michel_Lang) | birth place (dbo:birthPlace) | Paris (dbr:Paris)   |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                     | object              |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Michel Lang (dbr:Michel_Lang) | birth place (dbp:birthPlace) | France (dbr:France) |
| Michel Lang (dbr:Michel_Lang) | birth place (dbp:birthPlace) | Paris (dbr:Paris)   |

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Paris (dbr:Paris): Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (listen)) is the capital an...nce, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, science and arts.
2. Poison (band), also known as Paris (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Poison_(band)>)
3. Paris Paris (dbr:Paris_Paris): Paris Paris is an upcoming Indian Tamil-language comedy-drama fi...rs entered talks to release the film through Amazon Prime Video.
4. Pategi, also known as Paris (dbr:Pategi): Pategi or Patigi is a town and Local government in Kwara State, ... dialect. They are farmers, aquatic sellers/fishers and traders.
5. .paris (dbr:.paris): .paris is a top-level domain for the city of Paris, France. It w.... It became accessible to the general public on 2 December 2014.
6. Tony Rivera, also known as Renegado, Tony Rivera, Paris (dbr:Tony_Rivera): Javier Espinosa Romero (born December 30, 1973) is a Mexican luc...t circuit portraying a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character.
7. Paris, Paris (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Paris,_Paris>)
8. Paris (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Paris>)
9. Paris Parisians (dbr:Paris_Parisians)
10. Paris Parisites (dbr:Paris_Parisites)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Europe (dbr:Europe): Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemispher... west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
2. Europe (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Europe>)
3. EUROPE (dbr:EUROPE)
4. EuropE (dbr:EuropE)
5. Europe. (dbr:Europe.)
6. Europe (dbp:europe)
7. Europe (band), also known as Force (1979–1982) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Europe_(band)>)
8. Central Europe (dbr:Central_Europe): Central Europe is the central region of Europe. Central Europe i...k of territories that are traditionally Catholic and Protestant.
9. Eastern Europe (dbr:Eastern_Europe): Eastern Europe is the region of the European continent between W... geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic connotations.
10. CE Europa, also known as Escapulados, Europeístas (dbr:CE_Europa): Club Esportiu Europa is a Spanish football team based in the cit... FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol, were founder members of La Liga.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
The previous query returned no results, likely because Paris may not be explicitly typed as dbo:City or its continent may not be directly linked in DBpedia. However, from the data, Michel Lang's place of birth is listed as Paris (dbr:Paris), and Paris is the capital of France, which is in Europe.

To ensure completeness, I will check if Paris is typed as a city and if it is located in Europe by checking its properties.

[Tool]
Got 593 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject           | property                                                            | object                                                                            |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | ( 파리시는 여기로 연결됩니다. 다른 뜻에 대해서는 파리시...본을 비롯한 대학 및 그랑제콜, 연구소 등이 집중해 있다. (ko)          |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 22989 (xsd:int)                                                                   |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1124910932 (xsd:int)                                                              |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 277859 (xsd:int)                                                                  |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_L40DAAAAQAAJ/page/n77>                        |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Paris (en)                                                                        |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | title (dbp:title)                                                   | Administrative structures (en)                                                    |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | date (dbp:date)                                                     | February 2019 (en)                                                                |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | country (dbo:country)                                               | France (dbr:France)                                                               |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | party (dbp:party)                                                   | Socialist Party (France) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Socialist_Party_(France)>) |
| ...               | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                               |

[Tool]
Got 39 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject           | property | object                                                          |
| ----------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | city (dbo:City)                                                 |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | place (dbo:Place)                                               |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | populated place (dbo:PopulatedPlace)                            |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | settlement (dbo:Settlement)                                     |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/AdministrativeDistrict108491826> |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Area108497294>                   |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Capital108518505>                |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Center108523483>                 |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/City108524735>                   |
| Paris (dbr:Paris) | rdf:type | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Commune108541609>                |
| ...               | ...      | ...                                                             |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 664 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject             | property                                                            | object                                                                     |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| France (dbr:France) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 프랑스 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십...시 약 29,000유로(한화 약 3,872만원)에 달한다. (ko)   |
| France (dbr:France) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 5843419 (xsd:int)                                                          |
| France (dbr:France) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1124585815 (xsd:int)                                                       |
| France (dbr:France) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 345508 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| France (dbr:France) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/france/index_en.htm> |
| France (dbr:France) | title (dbp:title)                                                   | Related articles (en)                                                      |
| France (dbr:France) | caption (dbp:caption)                                               | National Gendarmerie (dbr:National_Gendarmerie)                            |
| France (dbr:France) | country (dbp:country)                                               | France (en)                                                                |
| France (dbr:France) | UTC offset (dbo:utcOffset)                                          | +1                                                                         |
| France (dbr:France) | time zone (dbo:timeZone)                                            | Central European Time (dbr:Central_European_Time)                          |
| ...                 | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                        |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Although the direct continent property is missing, it is well-known and supported by the data that Paris is a city (dbo:City) in France, and France is in Europe.

Therefore, the answer to the question "Which city in Europe was Michel Lang born in?" is Paris.

I will now provide a SPARQL query that retrieves the city in Europe where Michel Lang was born, including the IRI and optionally the label.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the city where Michel Lang was born by querying his dbo:birthPlace and ensuring the result is a dbo:City. The answer, Paris (dbr:Paris), is accurate and relevant to the question, and the query follows all the guidelines. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
SELECT ?city ?cityLabel WHERE {
  dbr:Les_Keiter dbp:deathPlace ?city .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?city rdfs:label ?cityLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?cityLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Les Keiter passed away in Honolulu, Hawaii. The IRI for the city is http://dbpedia.org/resource/Honolulu,_Hawaii.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] which city did les keiter pass away

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Les Keiter".
2. The property is "city of death" or "place of death".

First, I will search for "Les Keiter" in DBpedia to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Les Keiter (dbr:Les_Keiter): Les Keiter (April 27, 1919 – April 14, 2009), also known as the ...also called some of the biggest fights in the history of boxing.
2. Leslie E. Brown, also known as "Les" (dbr:Leslie_E._Brown): Lieutenant General Leslie Eugene Brown (7 July 1920 – 12 Septemb... the Marine Corps in 1978 after 38 years of active duty service.
3. Les Leston (dbr:Les_Leston): Alfred Lazarus Fingleston (16 December 1920 – 13 May 2012), bett..., was a British racing driver, born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire.
4. Lester J. Maitland, also known as Les (dbr:Lester_J._Maitland): Lester James Maitland (February 8, 1899 – March 27, 1990) was an... Guard following World War II.In 1927 Maitland and Lt. Albert F.
5. Leslie George Cole, also known as Levant, Levante, Magician Cole, Les Cole, Les (dbr:Leslie_George_Cole): Leslie George "Les" Vante Cole, known professionally by the stag...ician". He is also credited with creating the Impaling illusion.
6. Les Campbell (rugby league), also known as Les (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Les_Campbell_(rugby_league)>): Leslie "Les" Campbell was a New Zealand professional rugby leagu... second-row, loose forward), during the era of contested scrums.
7. LES (dbr:LES)
8. Lès (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lès>): The word lès (French pronunciation: [lɛ] (listen)，and [lɛ.z‿] wi...h the plural definite article les (e.g. les-Bains, "the Baths").
9. Keiter (dbr:Keiter)
10. Les (dbr:Les)

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Les Keiter is dbr:Les_Keiter.

Next, I need to find the property for "place of death" or "city of death". I will search for properties related to "death" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. death place (dbp:deathPlace)
2. death date (dbp:deathDate)
3. name (dbp:name)
4. genre (dbp:genre)
5. birth date (dbp:birthDate)
6. other names (dbp:otherNames)
7. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
8. birth name (dbp:birthName)
9. alma mater (dbp:almaMater)
10. has abstract (dbo:abstract): Reserved for DBpedia., rdf:langString

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is dbp:deathPlace, which should indicate the place where Les Keiter passed away.

Now, I will list the value of dbp:deathPlace for dbr:Les_Keiter to find the city.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                     | property                     | object                                                            |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Les Keiter (dbr:Les_Keiter) | death place (dbp:deathPlace) | Honolulu, Hawaii (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Honolulu,_Hawaii>) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query correctly retrieves the city where Les Keiter passed away, returning the IRI for Honolulu, Hawaii. However, to improve the answer, the query could optionally include the rdfs:label for the city to provide a human-readable name alongside the IRI. This would make the result more informative and user-friendly. The current query is otherwise correct and follows the rules.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The answer is correct and complete. The SPARQL query retrieves the city where Les Keiter passed away by querying the 'deathPlace' property and returns the IRI of the city, as required. The query also optionally retrieves the English label for the city, which is helpful for human readability but not required. All rules for SPARQL queries are followed.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT ?redirect ?redirectLabel ?redirectAbstract WHERE {
  <http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)> dbo:wikiPageRedirects ?redirect .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?redirect rdfs:label ?redirectLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?redirectLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?redirect dbo:abstract ?redirectAbstract .
    FILTER ( lang( ?redirectAbstract ) = 'en' )
  }
}

The DBpedia entity 'G-13 (Gaby)' is a redirect to 'Cannabis strain'. Here is information about the target entity:
- Label: Cannabis strain
- Abstract: Cannabis strains are either pure or hybrid varieties of the Cannabis genus of plants, that includes the species C. sativa, C. indica, and C. ruderalis. Varieties are developed to intensify specific characteristics of the plant, or to differentiate the strain for the purposes of marketing or to make it more effective as a drug. A cannabis strain may be pure or hybrid. The term 'strain' refers to the genetic variant of the plant. Cannabis strains are developed for their unique combinations of cannabinoids and terpenes, and are grown for their fiber and seed.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is g-13 (gaby)

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

- The user is asking about "g-13 (gaby)".
- This could refer to an entity named "G-13" with an alias or nickname "Gaby".

Step 1: Search for the entity "g-13" in DBpedia to see if it exists and what it refers to.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. G-13 (dbr:G-13)
2. G-130 (dbr:G-130): G-130 (GP-130, 2-Phenyl-5,5-dimethyltetrahydro-1,4-oxazine) is a... with stimulant and anorectic effects, related to phenmetrazine.
3. G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>)
4. G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>)
5. Waco G-13 (dbr:Waco_G-13)
6. Grumman G-132 (dbr:Grumman_G-132): The Grumman G-132 was an unbuilt aircraft designed by Grumman in...United States Navy (USN) for an anti-submarine warfare seaplane.
7. Grumman G-134 (dbr:Grumman_G-134)
8. Golgo 13: File G-13 o Oe (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Golgo_13:_File_G-13_o_Oe>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Esther Norma Arrostito, also known as Gaby (dbr:Esther_Norma_Arrostito): Esther Norma Arrostito (January 17, 1940 – January 15, 1978) was...in the kidnapping and killing of General Pedro Eugenio Aramburu.
2. Gabriel Copola, also known as Gaby (dbr:Gabriel_Copola): Gabriel Emiliano Copola (born January 20, 1984) is an Argentine ...lass 3, his highest ranking was world number 5 in February 2016.
3. Gabriel Macchi, also known as Gaby (dbr:Gabriel_Macchi): Gabriel "Gaby" Macchi (born 2 October 1975) is a Paralympic athl...and has won medals at both European and World IPC championships.
4. Gaby (dbr:Gaby)
5. Gabriela Pazmiño, also known as Gaby (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gabriela_Pazmiño>): María Gabriela Pazmiño Pino, nicknamed Gaby (born 30 July 1975),...ried to Abdalá Bucaram Jr., with whom she has had four children.
6. Gabriela Goddzer, also known as Gaby (dbr:Gabriela_Goddzer): Gabriela Goddzer is a fictional character in the 2012 Argentine telenovela Graduados. She is played by Violeta Urtizberea.
7. Gaby Mudingayi (dbr:Gaby_Mudingayi): Gabriel "Gaby" Mudingayi (born 1 October 1981) is a Congolese-Belgian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.
8. 1665 Gaby (dbr:1665_Gaby): 1665 Gaby, provisional designation 1930 DQ, is a stony asteroid ...ter named after Gaby Reinmuth, the discoverer's daughter-in-law.
9. Gaby Hoffmann (dbr:Gaby_Hoffmann)
10. Gaby Moreno (dbr:Gaby_Moreno): María Gabriela Moreno Bonilla (born 16 December 1981 in Guatemal...ecording a song with Ricardo Arjona in 2011, called "Fuiste Tú".

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| entity                                                  | label            | abstract |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- | -------- |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | G-13 (Gaby) (en) |          |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                                 | property                                                   | object                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 31631890 (xsd:int)                                              |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 941615751 (xsd:int)                                             |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 34 (xsd:int)                                                    |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects)                  | Cannabis strain (dbr:Cannabis_strain)                           |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | rdfs:label                                                 | G-13 (Gaby) (en)                                                |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | prov:wasDerivedFrom                                        | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-13_(Gaby)?oldid=941615751&ns=0> |
| G-13 (Gaby) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)>) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf                                      | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-13_(Gaby)>                      |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| redirect                              |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Cannabis strain (dbr:Cannabis_strain) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| entity                                | label                | abstract                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Cannabis strain (dbr:Cannabis_strain) | Cannabis strain (en) | Cannabis strains are either pure... grown for their fiber and seed. (en) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| entity                                                          | label                | abstract |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | -------- |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | G-13 (cannabis) (en) |          |

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                         | property                                                   | object                                                              |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                          | 51237841 (xsd:int)                                                  |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)              | 941615778 (xsd:int)                                                 |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength) | 121 (xsd:int)                                                       |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | Wikipage redirect (dbo:wikiPageRedirects)                  | Cannabis strain (dbr:Cannabis_strain)                               |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate                                   | <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:R_from_move>                  |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | rdf:type                                                   | <http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Abstraction100002137>                |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | rdfs:label                                                 | G-13 (cannabis) (en)                                                |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | owl:sameAs                                                 | <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/m.04rspz>                               |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | prov:wasDerivedFrom                                        | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-13_(cannabis)?oldid=941615778&ns=0> |
| G-13 (cannabis) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(cannabis)>) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf                                      | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-13_(cannabis)>                      |
| ...                                                             | ...                                                        | ...                                                                 |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query correctly retrieves the entity, its label, and its abstract. However, the answer should mention that the entity is a redirect in DBpedia and ideally should follow the redirect to provide information about the target entity (likely 'Cannabis strain' or 'G-13 (cannabis strain)'). The query could be refined to check for owl:sameAs or dbo:wikiPageRedirects to find the actual target and retrieve its description, which would provide a more informative answer.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I will refine the approach as follows:

1. Retrieve the entity <http://dbpedia.org/resource/G-13_(Gaby)> and check if it is a redirect using dbo:wikiPageRedirects.
2. If it is a redirect, follow the redirect to the target entity (in this case, dbr:Cannabis_strain).
3. Retrieve the label and abstract of the target entity to provide a more informative answer.

Let's construct a SPARQL query that:
- Gets the redirect target of G-13 (Gaby)
- Retrieves the label and abstract of the redirect target (if any)

Here is the refined query and answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies that 'G-13 (Gaby)' is a redirect to 'Cannabis strain' in DBpedia and retrieves both the label and abstract for the target entity. The answer is accurate and complete, and the query follows all required guidelines.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
SELECT ?person ?label WHERE {
  ?person a dbo:Person .
  ?person dbo:birthPlace dbr:Michigan .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 1,879 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                                                            | label                         |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein)                                           | Aaron Krickstein (en)         |
| Aaron Lewicki (dbr:Aaron_Lewicki)                                                 | Aaron Lewicki (en)            |
| Aaron Simpson (producer) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Aaron_Simpson_(producer)>) | Aaron Simpson (producer) (en) |
| Abby Crumpton (dbr:Abby_Crumpton)                                                 | Abby Crumpton (en)            |
| Abdul El-Sayed (dbr:Abdul_El-Sayed)                                               | Abdul El-Sayed (en)           |
| ...                                                                               | ...                           |
| Yousef Rabhi (dbr:Yousef_Rabhi)                                                   | Yousef Rabhi (en)             |
| Zach Dean (dbr:Zach_Dean)                                                         | Zach Dean (en)                |
| Zach Redmond (dbr:Zach_Redmond)                                                   | Zach Redmond (en)             |
| Zak Knutson (dbr:Zak_Knutson)                                                     | Zak Knutson (en)              |
| Zonya Foco (dbr:Zonya_Foco)                                                       | Zonya Foco (en)               |

This query returns all people born in Michigan, with their IRIs and English labels (if available), avoiding duplicate rows for different label languages.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who was born in michigan

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user wants to know which people were born in Michigan.
2. We need to identify:
   - The entity for "Michigan".
   - The property for "place of birth".
   - The class or type for "person".

First, let's search for the entity representing "Michigan" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Michigan, also known as "The Great Lake State", "The Wol...te", "Water (Winter) Wonderland" (dbr:Michigan): Michigan ( (listen)) is a state in the Great Lakes and upper Mid... River. Its capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit.
2. Michigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Michigan>)
3. MichigaN (dbr:MichigaN)
4. Míchigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Míchigan>)
5. Alpena, Michigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Alpena,_Michigan>): Alpena is the only city and county seat of Alpena County in the ...d by Alpena Township, but the two are administered autonomously.
6. Flint, Michigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Flint,_Michigan>)
7. Lansing, Michigan, also known as Capital City, L-Town, "The Heart of Michigan" (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lansing,_Michigan>)
8. Marquette, Michigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Marquette,_Michigan>)
9. Muskegon, Michigan, also known as Port City, Lumber Queen of the W...own, Midwest Riviera, Lumbertown (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Muskegon,_Michigan>): Muskegon is a city in the U. S. state of Michigan. It is called ...tion was 38,401. The city is the county seat of Muskegon County.
10. Dearborn, Michigan (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dearborn,_Michigan>)

[Assistant]
The main entity for Michigan is dbr:Michigan.

Next, let's find the property for "place of birth" in DBpedia, as we need to link people to Michigan via their place of birth.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of birth (dbp:placeOfBirth)
2. birth place (dbo:birthPlace): where the person was born, animal, place
3. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
4. date of birth (dbp:dateOfBirth)
5. birth year (dbp:birthYear)
6. birth year (dbo:birthYear): xsd:gYear, person
7. born date (dbp:bornDate)
8. birth date (dbo:birthDate): xsd:date, animal
9. birth date (dbp:birthDate)
10. born year (dbp:bornYear)

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for "place of birth" is dbo:birthPlace.

Now, we need to identify the class for "person" in DBpedia, so we can restrict our results to people born in Michigan. Let's search for the class "person".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Person (dbr:Person)
2. Persön (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Persön>): Persön is a locality situated in Luleå Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden with 223 inhabitants in 2010.
3. person (dbo:Person)
4. person (dbo:person)
5. Person (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Person>)
6. Perſon (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Perſon>)
7. person (dbp:person)
8. Oneohtrix Point Never, also known as Chuck Person, 0PN, Dania Shapes, OPN, KGB Man (dbr:Oneohtrix_Point_Never): Daniel Lopatin (born July 25, 1982), best known by the recording...ental electronic music producer, composer and singer-songwriter.
9. Chuck Person (dbr:Chuck_Person): Chuck Connors Person (born June 28, 1964) is an American former ...s, San Antonio Spurs, Charlotte Hornets and Seattle SuperSonics.
10. Personalism (dbr:Personalism)

[Assistant]
The class for "person" in DBpedia is dbo:Person.

Now, let's construct a SPARQL query that finds all people (instances of dbo:Person) whose dbo:birthPlace is dbr:Michigan. We will also optionally retrieve their labels for readability.

Here's the initial query:

```sparql
SELECT ?person (OPTIONAL { ?person rdfs:label ?label })
WHERE {
  ?person a dbo:Person .
  ?person dbo:birthPlace dbr:Michigan .
  OPTIONAL { ?person rdfs:label ?label }
}
```

Let's execute this query to see if it returns relevant results.

[Tool]
Got 6,299 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                  | label                 |
| --------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein) | Aaron Krickstein (cs) |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein) | Aaron Krickstein (de) |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein) | Aaron Krickstein (en) |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein) | Aaron Krickstein (es) |
| Aaron Krickstein (dbr:Aaron_Krickstein) | Aaron Krickstein (fr) |
| ...                                     | ...                   |
| Zach Redmond (dbr:Zach_Redmond)         | Зак Редмонд (uk)      |
| Zach Redmond (dbr:Zach_Redmond)         | Редмонд, Зак (ru)     |
| Zach Redmond (dbr:Zach_Redmond)         | زاك ريدموند (ar)      |
| Zak Knutson (dbr:Zak_Knutson)           | Zak Knutson (en)      |
| Zonya Foco (dbr:Zonya_Foco)             | Zonya Foco (en)       |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is mostly correct and returns people born in Michigan, along with their labels. However, the query currently returns multiple rows for the same person due to the inclusion of labels in different languages. To improve the result, the query should either:

1. Filter the labels to a single language (e.g., English) using a FILTER clause, or
2. Return only the IRIs if labels are not specifically requested, or
3. Use GROUP BY to avoid duplicate person IRIs.

This refinement will make the output more concise and user-friendly.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To refine the query, I will filter the labels to only return those in English using a FILTER clause. This will ensure that each person appears at most once with their English label (if available), making the output concise and user-friendly.

Here is the improved SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?person ?label WHERE {
  ?person a dbo:Person .
  ?person dbo:birthPlace dbr:Michigan .
  OPTIONAL { ?person rdfs:label ?label .
             FILTER (lang(?label) = 'en') }
}
```

This query will return people born in Michigan, along with their English labels if available, and avoid duplicate rows for different label languages.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and follows all the required guidelines. It returns the IRIs of people born in Michigan, and optionally includes their English labels. The query uses the correct class (dbo:Person) and property (dbo:birthPlace), and does not include any non-standard SPARQL features. The result is comprehensive and relevant to the user's question. No further refinement is needed.


SELECT ?birthDate ?birthPlace ?height ?position ?college ?careerStart ?careerEnd WHERE {
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbo:birthDate ?birthDate. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbo:birthPlace ?birthPlace. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbo:height ?height. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbo:position ?position. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbo:college ?college. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbp:careerStart ?careerStart. }
  OPTIONAL { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbp:careerEnd ?careerEnd. }
}

# Teams as IRIs
SELECT DISTINCT ?team ?teamLabel WHERE {
  dbr:Chuck_Nevitt dbp:team ?team .
  FILTER(isIRI(?team))
  OPTIONAL { ?team rdfs:label ?teamLabel . FILTER(lang(?teamLabel) = 'en') }
}

Chuck Nevitt (Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt) is a retired American professional basketball player, born June 13, 1959, in Cortez, Colorado. He played as a center (7 ft 5 in tall, 2.26m) in the NBA from 1983 to 1994. He played college basketball for NC State. Teams he played for (as DBpedia IRIs) include: Los Angeles Lakers, San Antonio Spurs, Detroit Pistons, Houston Rockets, Chicago Bulls, Rapid City Thrillers, Miami Tropics, Capital Region Pontiacs, and Hartford Hellcats.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is chuck nevitt

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt)
2. Nevitt, Chuck (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nevitt,_Chuck>)
3. Charles C. Krulak, also known as Chuck (dbr:Charles_C._Krulak): Charles Chandler Krulak (born March 4, 1942) is a retired United...utive director of English association football club Aston Villa.
4. Chuck Horner, also known as Chuck (dbr:Chuck_Horner): Charles Albert Horner (born October 19, 1936) is a retired Unite...w in combat as a Wild Weasel pilot and received the Silver Star.
5. Charles F. Wald, also known as Chuck (dbr:Charles_F._Wald): General Charles "Chuck" F. Wald is the former Deputy Commander o...d on July 1, 2006, and was succeeded by General William E. Ward.
6. Charles G. Boyd, also known as Chuck (dbr:Charles_G._Boyd): Charles Graham "Chuck" Boyd (born April 15, 1938) is a retired f...r in chief, U.S. European Command, Stuttgart-Vaihingen, Germany.
7. Chuck Palumbo, also known as Chuck Palumbo, The Dude, Chuck (dbr:Chuck_Palumbo): Charles Robert Palumbo (born June 15, 1971) is an American mecha... He hosted the Discovery Channel series Lords of the Car Hoards.
8. Chuck Bartowski, also known as Chuck, Chuckles, The Intersect (codename), Piranha (hacker), François Espoir (french agent), Charles Carmichael (dbr:Chuck_Bartowski): Charles Irving Bartowski is the title character of the American ...yed by Zachary Levi. UGO.com named him one of the best TV nerds.
9. Charles B. DeBellevue, also known as Chuck (dbr:Charles_B._DeBellevue): Colonel Charles Barbin DeBellevue (born August 15, 1945) is a re...dited with a total of six MiG kills, the most earned by any U.S.
10. Darren Berry, also known as Chuck (dbr:Darren_Berry): Darren Shane Berry (born 10 December 1969) is an Australian cric... 5 years. Including the Adelaide Strikers in the BBL Tournament.

[Tool]
Got 186 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract)                                         | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt ...empre ad aver giocato nella NBA. (it) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Wikipage page ID (dbo:wikiPageID)                                   | 2821316 (xsd:int)                                                        |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Wikipage revision ID (dbo:wikiPageRevisionID)                       | 1105422958 (xsd:int)                                                     |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | page length (characters) of wiki page (dbo:wikiPageLength)          | 9492 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Link from a Wikipage to an external page (dbo:wikiPageExternalLink) | <https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/n/nevitch01.html>          |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | name (dbp:name)                                                     | Chuck Nevitt (en)                                                        |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation)                                  | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1                                       |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | birth place (dbp:birthPlace)                                        | Cortez, Colorado (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cortez,_Colorado>)        |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | years (dbp:years)                                                   | 1983 (xsd:int)                                                           |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | birth place (dbo:birthPlace)                                        | Cortez, Colorado (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cortez,_Colorado>)        |
| ...                             | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                    | object                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt ...empre ad aver giocato nella NBA. (it) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt ...s que pisó una cancha de la NBA. (es) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt,...ate Athletic Association (NCAA). (sv) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich „Chuck” Nevitt ...szych zawodników w historii NBA. (pl) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich « Chuck » Nevit...t sa carrière au poste de pivot. (fr) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Chuck Nevitt é um ex-jogador de ...jogando pelo Los Angeles Lakers. (pt) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Чарльз Гудрич (Чак) Невитт (англ...чемпионом НБА за всю её историю. (ru) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | has abstract (dbo:abstract) | تشاك نيفيت (بالإنجليزية: Chuck N...صة (2.3 م). اعتزل اللعب في 1994. (ar) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property        | object            |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | name (dbp:name) | Chuck Nevitt (en) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | birth date (dbo:birthDate) | 1959-06-13 (xsd:date) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                | object                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | position (dbo:position) | Center (basketball) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Center_(basketball)>) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                | object               |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | height (μ) (dbo:height) | 2.2606 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                     | object                                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | birth place (dbo:birthPlace) | Cortez, Colorado (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cortez,_Colorado>) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                           | object                              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__10 |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__2  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__3  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__4  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__5  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__6  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__7  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__8  |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career station (dbo:careerStation) | dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__9  |

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                            | property                                           | object                                                               |
| ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | team (dbo:team)                                    | Houston Rockets (dbr:Houston_Rockets)                                |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | active years start year (dbo:activeYearsStartYear) | 1982 (xsd:gYear)                                                     |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | active years end year (dbo:activeYearsEndYear)     | 1982 (xsd:gYear)                                                     |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | rdf:type                                           | time period (dbo:TimePeriod)                                         |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | rdf:type                                           | career station (dbo:CareerStation)                                   |
| dbr:Chuck_Nevitt__CareerStation__1 | rdf:type                                           | <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval> |

[Tool]
Got 186 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| property                    | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt ...empre ad aver giocato nella NBA. (it) |
| has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt ...s que pisó una cancha de la NBA. (es) |
| has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich "Chuck" Nevitt,...ate Athletic Association (NCAA). (sv) |
| has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich „Chuck” Nevitt ...szych zawodników w historii NBA. (pl) |
| has abstract (dbo:abstract) | Charles Goodrich « Chuck » Nevit...t sa carrière au poste de pivot. (fr) |
| ...                         | ...                                                                      |
| owl:sameAs                  | <http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/Chuck_Nevitt>                        |
| owl:sameAs                  | <https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2QxdZ>                                    |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom         | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Nevitt?oldid=1105422958&ns=0>        |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf       | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Nevitt>                              |
| foaf:name                   | Chuck Nevitt (en)                                                        |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property              | object                                      |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Nevitt> |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property              | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | college (dbo:college) | NC State Wolfpack men's basketball (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/NC_State_Wolfpack_men's_basketball>) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                             | object                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career position (dbp:careerPosition) | Center (basketball) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Center_(basketball)>) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                       | object         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career start (dbp:careerStart) | 1983 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object         |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | career end (dbp:careerEnd) | 1994 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                 | object      |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | height ft (dbp:heightFt) | 7 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                 | object      |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | height in (dbp:heightIn) | 5 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                 | object        |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | weight lb (dbp:weightLb) | 217 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                      | object        |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | nationality (dbp:nationality) | American (en) |

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property        | object                                                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Los Angeles Lakers (dbr:Los_Angeles_Lakers)           |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs)             |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Detroit Pistons (dbr:Detroit_Pistons)                 |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Houston Rockets (dbr:Houston_Rockets)                 |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Chicago Bulls (dbr:Chicago_Bulls)                     |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Rapid City Thrillers (dbr:Rapid_City_Thrillers)       |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Miami Tropics (dbr:Miami_Tropics)                     |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Capital Region Pontiacs (dbr:Capital_Region_Pontiacs) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Hartford Hellcats (dbr:Hartford_Hellcats)             |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Houston Flyers (en)                                   |
| ...                             | ...             | ...                                                   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer provided is correct and gives a comprehensive summary of who Chuck Nevitt is, using information that can be found in the DBpedia knowledge graph. However, the SPARQL query used (`SELECT ?property ?object WHERE { dbr:Chuck_Nevitt ?property ?object }`) retrieves all properties and objects for the entity, which is overly broad and not focused on the specific information relevant to the user's question.

A more refined query would select key biographical properties such as birth date, occupation, height, teams played for, and notable achievements, and return only those. This would make the answer more directly traceable to the SPARQL result and avoid unnecessary data. Additionally, the query should return IRIs for entities (e.g., teams) rather than just labels, in line with the guidelines.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer is generally correct and provides a comprehensive overview of Chuck Nevitt's biography and career, using relevant properties from DBpedia. However, there are a few areas for refinement:

1. The SPARQL query currently returns only literals for some fields (e.g., nationality, team) instead of always returning IRIs where available. For example, some teams are returned as plain text (e.g., 'Houston Flyers (en)'), while others are returned as IRIs. The query should be refined to always return the IRI of the team, if available, to comply with the requirement that results should always include the actual identifiers/IRIs.

2. The query could be improved by using dbo:nationality for nationality (which would return an IRI), instead of dbp:nationality, which is a string.

3. The answer should clarify which teams are returned as IRIs and which as literals, or ideally, the query should be adjusted so all teams are returned as IRIs for consistency.

4. Optionally, labels for IRIs (such as team names) can be included using OPTIONAL clauses with rdfs:label, but these should not replace the IRI in the main result.

In summary, the output is sensible and mostly correct, but the SPARQL query should be refined to consistently return IRIs for all entities where possible.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Team (dbp:team)
2. name (dbp:name)
3. draft team (dbo:draftTeam): sports team, athlete
4. draft team (dbp:draftTeam)
5. position (dbo:position)
6. stats league (dbp:statsLeague)
7. award (dbo:award): Award won by a Person, Musical or other Work, RaceHorse, Building, etc, award
8. nationality (dbp:nationality)
9. highlights (dbp:highlights)
10. draft pick (dbp:draftPick)

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. nationality (dbp:nationality)
2. birth place (dbo:birthPlace): where the person was born, animal, place
3. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
4. birth date (dbo:birthDate): xsd:date, animal
5. birth date (dbp:birthDate)
6. career number (dbp:careerNumber)
7. position (dbo:position)
8. name (dbp:name)
9. career position (dbp:careerPosition)
10. years (dbp:years)

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. nationality. (dbp:nationality.)
2. nationality (dbo:nationality): country, person
3. nationality (dbp:nationality)
4. place of birth (dbp:placeOfBirth)
5. birth place (dbo:birthPlace): where the person was born, animal, place
6. birth place (dbp:birthPlace)
7. citizenship (dbo:citizenship): person
8. citizenship (dbp:citizenship)
9. national origin (dbp:nationalOrigin)
10. born year (dbp:bornYear)

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property        | object                                                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Los Angeles Lakers (dbr:Los_Angeles_Lakers)           |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs)             |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Detroit Pistons (dbr:Detroit_Pistons)                 |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Houston Rockets (dbr:Houston_Rockets)                 |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Chicago Bulls (dbr:Chicago_Bulls)                     |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Rapid City Thrillers (dbr:Rapid_City_Thrillers)       |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Miami Tropics (dbr:Miami_Tropics)                     |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Capital Region Pontiacs (dbr:Capital_Region_Pontiacs) |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Hartford Hellcats (dbr:Hartford_Hellcats)             |
| Chuck Nevitt (dbr:Chuck_Nevitt) | Team (dbp:team) | Houston Flyers (en)                                   |
| ...                             | ...             | ...                                                   |

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 1 column:
| team                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Capital Region Pontiacs (dbr:Capital_Region_Pontiacs) |
| Chicago Bulls (dbr:Chicago_Bulls)                     |
| Detroit Pistons (dbr:Detroit_Pistons)                 |
| Hartford Hellcats (dbr:Hartford_Hellcats)             |
| Houston Rockets (dbr:Houston_Rockets)                 |
| Los Angeles Lakers (dbr:Los_Angeles_Lakers)           |
| Miami Tropics (dbr:Miami_Tropics)                     |
| Rapid City Thrillers (dbr:Rapid_City_Thrillers)       |
| San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs)             |

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 2 columns:
| team                                                  | teamLabel                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Capital Region Pontiacs (dbr:Capital_Region_Pontiacs) | Capital Region Pontiacs (en) |
| Chicago Bulls (dbr:Chicago_Bulls)                     | Chicago Bulls (en)           |
| Detroit Pistons (dbr:Detroit_Pistons)                 | Detroit Pistons (en)         |
| Hartford Hellcats (dbr:Hartford_Hellcats)             | Hartford Hellcats (en)       |
| Houston Rockets (dbr:Houston_Rockets)                 | Houston Rockets (en)         |
| Los Angeles Lakers (dbr:Los_Angeles_Lakers)           | Los Angeles Lakers (en)      |
| Miami Tropics (dbr:Miami_Tropics)                     | Miami Tropics (en)           |
| Rapid City Thrillers (dbr:Rapid_City_Thrillers)       | Rapid City Thrillers (en)    |
| San Antonio Spurs (dbr:San_Antonio_Spurs)             | San Antonio Spurs (en)       |

[Tool] Got no rows and 8 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 8 columns

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 8 columns:
| birthDate             | birthPlace                                                        | height               | position                                                                | college                                                                                | careerStart    | careerEnd      | nationality   |
| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | ------------- |
| 1959-06-13 (xsd:date) | Cortez, Colorado (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cortez,_Colorado>) | 2.2606 (xsd:decimal) | Center (basketball) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Center_(basketball)>) | NC State Wolfpack men's basketball (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/NC_State_Wolfpack_men's_basketball>) | 1983 (xsd:int) | 1994 (xsd:int) | American (en) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 9 columns

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?album ?albumLabel WHERE {
  {
    ?album dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top ; a dbo:Album ; rdfs:label ?albumLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?albumLabel ) = 'en' ) FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?albumLabel ) , "live" ) )
  } UNION {
    ?album dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top ; a dbo:Album ; rdfs:label ?albumLabel ; dc:subject ?category .
    ?category rdfs:label ?catLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?albumLabel ) = 'en' ) FILTER ( LANG( ?catLabel ) = 'en' ) FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?catLabel ) , "live" ) )
  }
}

This query finds any live album by ZZ Top in DBpedia, either by having 'live' in the album title or by being categorized under a 'live' category. If there are any such albums, they will be listed with their IRIs and English labels.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dbpedia at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dbpedia

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/
dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
purl: <http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is a live album by zz top

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for a "live album" (an album that is a live recording).
2. The artist should be "ZZ Top".

First, I will search for the entity representing "ZZ Top" in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. ZZ Top (dbr:ZZ_Top): ZZ Top is an American blues rock band formed in 1969 in Houston,... sexual innuendo, focus on their Texas roots and sense of humor.
2. ZZ Top (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top>)
3. Zz top (dbr:Zz_top)
4. Zz Top (dbr:Zz_Top)
5. ZZ top (dbr:ZZ_top)
6. ZZ TOP (dbr:ZZ_TOP)
7. ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography): The following is a comprehensive discography of ZZ Top, an Ameri... million albums in the US with additional sales internationally.
8. 22521 ZZ Top (dbr:22521_ZZ_Top)
9. ZZ Top albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_albums>)
10. ZZ Top songs (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_songs>)

[Assistant]
The main entity for the band ZZ Top is dbr:ZZ_Top.

Next, I need to find albums by ZZ Top that are classified as "live albums." I will search for the property that links an artist to their albums, and also check how "live album" is represented in DBpedia (possibly as a type or category).

First, I'll search for properties related to "album" for ZZ Top.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. genre (dbo:genre): The genre of the thing (music group, film, etc.), genre
2. genre (dbp:genre)
3. record label (dbo:recordLabel): record label
4. label (dbp:label)
5. caption (dbp:caption)
6. auto (dbp:auto)
7. band member (dbo:bandMember): A member of the band., person, Band
8. name (dbp:name)
9. past members (dbp:pastMembers)
10. former band member (dbo:formerBandMember): A former member of the band., person, Band

No other items found

[Assistant]
It seems there isn't a direct property like "album" listed for ZZ Top in the search results. However, in DBpedia, albums are often linked to their artist via the dbo:artist property on the album entity itself.

Now, I will search for entities of type "live album" to see how they are represented in DBpedia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Live album (dbr:Live_album)
2. Live! (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live!_(album)>)
3. Live Album (dbr:Live_Album)
4. Live! Live! Live! (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live!_Live!_Live!_(album)>)
5. Live (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live_(album)>)
6. LIVE (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/LIVE_(album)>)
7. Live Album (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live_Album_(album)>)
8. Go Live (album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Go_Live_(album)>): Go Live (stylized in all caps; Korean: GO生; RR: Gosaeng) is the ...Entertainment on June 17, 2020, and distributed through Dreamus.
9. Live (Usher album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live_(Usher_album)>): Live is a live album by American singer Usher. It was recorded o...ny criticized the poor live sound of Usher's voice on the album.
10. Live (Thunder album) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Live_(Thunder_album)>): Live is the second live album by English hard rock band Thunder,...um was released by Eagle Rock Entertainment on 16 February 1998.

[Assistant]
The entity dbr:Live_album likely represents the concept of a live album. Albums themselves are usually instances of dbo:Album, and may have a type or category indicating they are "live albums".

To find live albums by ZZ Top, I will:
- Look for entities of type dbo:Album (or similar) where dbo:artist is dbr:ZZ_Top.
- Further filter those albums to only those that are also of type dbr:Live_album or categorized as such.

I'll construct a SPARQL query to find albums where:
- ?album dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top
- ?album rdf:type dbr:Live_album (or similar)

I'll start by checking if any albums by ZZ Top are typed as dbr:Live_album.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
No albums by ZZ Top are directly typed as dbr:Live_album. Sometimes, DBpedia uses categories instead of rdf:type for such groupings.

Next, I'll check if there is a category for "ZZ Top live albums" and if albums are linked to it via dcterms:subject or a similar property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. ZZ Top albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_albums>)
2. ZZ Top compilation albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_compilation_albums>)
3. ZZ Top video albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_video_albums>)
4. ZZ Top tribute albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_tribute_albums>)
5. ZZ Top (dbr:ZZ_Top): ZZ Top is an American blues rock band formed in 1969 in Houston,... sexual innuendo, focus on their Texas roots and sense of humor.
6. Live albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Live_albums>)
7. ZZ Top (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top>)
8. Live albums (dbr:Live_albums)
9. Zz top (dbr:Zz_top)
10. Zz Top (dbr:Zz_Top)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Live albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Live_albums>)
2. Live albums (dbr:Live_albums)
3. Live albums (dbp:liveAlbums)
4. Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Top_R&B/Hip-Hop_Albums>): Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums is a music chart published weekly by Bill...zine to further expand into the field of rhythm and blues music.
5. Classic Albums Live (dbr:Classic_Albums_Live)
6. Top Country Albums (dbr:Top_Country_Albums): Top Country Albums is a chart published weekly by Billboard maga... based on physical sales along with digital sales and streaming.
7. Top Christian Albums (dbr:Top_Christian_Albums): Top Christian Albums is a weekly chart published in Billboard ma...March 29, 1980 under the title "Best Selling Inspirational LPs".
8. Selena live albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Selena_live_albums>)
9. Arashi live albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Arashi_live_albums>)
10. Melvins live albums (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Melvins_live_albums>)

[Assistant]
There does not appear to be a specific category for "ZZ Top live albums" in DBpedia. However, there is a general "Live albums" category (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Live_albums>).

Albums in DBpedia are often linked to categories via the dcterms:subject property. I will now search for albums that:
- Have dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top
- Have dcterms:subject <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Live_albums>

I'll write a SPARQL query to find such albums.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Invalid SPARQL query: Prefix dcterms was not registered using a PREFIX declaration

[Assistant]
The error occurred because the correct prefix is "dc:" for DBpedia, not "dcterms:". I will retry the query using dc:subject instead.

Here's the revised query:
- ?album dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top
- ?album dc:subject <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Live_albums>

I'll execute this query.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
No ZZ Top albums are directly linked to the "Live albums" category in DBpedia using dc:subject either.

As a next step, I'll try a broader approach: I'll look for all albums by ZZ Top and check their labels or descriptions for the word "live", which is often used in the title of live albums. This can help identify live albums even if they are not explicitly categorized as such.

I'll write a query to get all albums by ZZ Top and their labels, filtering for those whose label contains "live" (case-insensitive).

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No ZZ Top albums have "live" in their English label in DBpedia. This suggests that live albums by ZZ Top may not be well-categorized or labeled in DBpedia.

As a final attempt, I'll look for all albums by ZZ Top and check their types or categories, then see if any are related to "live" in any way. I'll list all albums by ZZ Top and their categories (dc:subject) to see if any are linked to a live album category.

[Tool]
Got 168 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| album                                                                                | category                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                             | 1976 songs (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1976_songs>)                                                           |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                             | 1977 singles (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1977_singles>)                                                       |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                             | London Records singles (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:London_Records_singles>)                                   |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                             | Songs about driving under the influence (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Songs_about_driving_under_the_influence>) |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                             | Songs written by Billy Gibbons (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Songs_written_by_Billy_Gibbons>)                   |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                                |
| What's Up with That (ZZ Top song) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/What's_Up_with_That_(ZZ_Top_song)>) | ZZ Top songs (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top_songs>)                                                       |
| ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography)                                                         | Blues discographies (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Blues_discographies>)                                         |
| ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography)                                                         | Discographies of American artists (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Discographies_of_American_artists>)             |
| ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography)                                                         | Rock music group discographies (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Rock_music_group_discographies>)                   |
| ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography)                                                         | ZZ Top (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:ZZ_Top>)                                                                   |

[Assistant]
The results show that albums and songs by ZZ Top are categorized by year, genre, and other attributes, but none are categorized under a "live album" or similar category.

Given the lack of explicit categorization or labeling for live albums by ZZ Top in DBpedia, it appears that DBpedia does not currently contain structured data to directly answer this question.

I will stop here and explain the situation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The explanation correctly identifies that the query as written returns no results, likely due to the lack of explicit typing of ZZ Top albums as 'Live_album' in DBpedia. However, the query could be refined to increase recall. For example, it could look for albums by ZZ Top whose labels contain the word 'live' (case-insensitive), or check for categories related to live albums (e.g., dct:subject with values like 'Live albums'). This would help capture albums that are live albums but not explicitly typed as such. Therefore, the output is sensible but should be refined to try these alternative approaches before concluding that no answer is possible.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I agree that the query could be refined further to maximize recall. Here’s my plan:

1. Search for all albums by ZZ Top.
2. For each album, check:
   - If the label contains "live" (case-insensitive).
   - If the album is categorized under any category containing "live" (e.g., "Live albums", "Live recordings", etc.).

This approach should help identify live albums even if they are not explicitly typed as such.

First, I will retrieve all albums by ZZ Top and their English labels.

[Tool]
Got 25 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| album                                                                                | label                                              |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Arrested for Driving While Blind (dbr:Arrested_for_Driving_While_Blind)                                                     | Arrested for Driving While Blind (en)              |
| Cheap Sunglasses (dbr:Cheap_Sunglasses)                                                                                | Cheap Sunglasses (en)                              |
| Doubleback (song) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Doubleback_(song)>)                                                         | Doubleback (song) (en)                             |
| Francine (song) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Francine_(song)>)                                                             | Francine (song) (en)                               |
| Gimme All Your Lovin' (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gimme_All_Your_Lovin'>)                                                 | Gimme All Your Lovin' (en)                         |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                |
| TV Dinners (song) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/TV_Dinners_(song)>)                                                         | TV Dinners (song) (en)                             |
| Velcro Fly (dbr:Velcro_Fly)                                                                                | Velcro Fly (en)                                    |
| Waitin' for the Bus / Jesus Just Left Chicago (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Waitin'_for_the_Bus_/_Jesus_Just_Left_Chicago>) | Waitin' for the Bus / Jesus Just Left Chicago (en) |
| What's Up with That (ZZ Top song) (<http://dbpedia.org/resource/What's_Up_with_That_(ZZ_Top_song)>)                         | What's Up with That (ZZ Top song) (en)             |
| ZZ Top discography (dbr:ZZ_Top_discography)                                                                                | ZZ Top discography (en)                            |

[Assistant]
From the results, it appears that many of the entities returned are songs, not albums. To increase precision, I should filter for entities that are of type dbo:Album.

I'll now run a query to get all entities that:
- Have dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top
- Are of type dbo:Album
- Have an English label containing "live" (case-insensitive)

This should directly return any ZZ Top live albums that are properly typed as albums and have "live" in their label.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No ZZ Top albums of type dbo:Album have "live" in their English label in DBpedia.

To further increase recall, I will now check if any ZZ Top albums (of type dbo:Album) are categorized under any category whose label contains "live". This can be done by joining the album's dc:subject with the category's rdfs:label and filtering for "live".

Here is the refined query:
- ?album dbo:artist dbr:ZZ_Top ; a dbo:Album ; dc:subject ?category .
- ?category rdfs:label ?catLabel .
- FILTER (LANG(?catLabel) = 'en' && CONTAINS(LCASE(?catLabel), "live"))

This will find any ZZ Top albums categorized under a "live" category.

[Tool] Got no rows and 4 columns

[Assistant]
Even after refining the query to check for ZZ Top albums categorized under any "live" category, there are still no results in DBpedia.

This confirms that, within the current structure and data of DBpedia, there is no explicit information linking any ZZ Top album to being a "live album"—either by label or by category.

Therefore, based on all available structured data and refined queries, DBpedia does not contain a live album by ZZ Top in a retrievable form.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is well-structured for finding albums by ZZ Top that are categorized as 'live' in DBpedia. However, it only checks for the word 'live' in the category label, which may miss albums with 'live' in their title but not categorized as such. To maximize recall, the query should also check for albums with 'live' in their rdfs:label (album title) in addition to the category. Consider using a UNION to combine both approaches: one branch for category labels containing 'live', and another for album labels containing 'live'. This will ensure that albums like 'Live from Texas' are not missed if they are not categorized under a 'live' category.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To maximize recall, I will construct a query using UNION to capture both cases:

1. Albums by ZZ Top with "live" in their English label (title).
2. Albums by ZZ Top categorized under any category with "live" in the category label (as before).

This way, albums like "Live from Texas" will be included even if they are not categorized as "live" albums.

Here is the refined SPARQL query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process