PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?scale ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  {
    ?scale wdt:P279 wd:Q179651 .
  } UNION {
    ?scale wdt:P31 wd:Q179651 .
  }
}

Using entities:
- scale (wd:Q179651), also known as gamut, musical scale: is instance of musical-structural concept / is subclass of scale / set of musical notes ordered by pitch

Using properties:
- subclass of (wd:P279 as wdt), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances ... of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain
- instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform) / type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 47 (xsd:int) |

Answer: There are 47 distinct musical scales and types of musical scales recorded in Wikidata as either subclasses or instances of the musical scale entity.

There are 47 distinct musical scales and types of musical scales recorded in Wikidata as either subclasses or instances of the musical scale entity.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?scale ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  {
    ?scale wdt:P279 wd:Q179651 .
  } UNION {
    ?scale wdt:P31 wd:Q179651 .
  }
}

Using entities:
- scale (wd:Q179651), also known as gamut, musical scale: is instance of musical-structural concept / is subclass of scale / set of musical notes ordered by pitch

Using properties:
- subclass of (wd:P279 as wdt), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances ... of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain
- instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform) / type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform

Execution result:
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 47 (xsd:int) |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] How many musical scales are there?

[Assistant]
The question "How many musical scales are there?" is quite broad and can be interpreted in different ways. Musical scales can vary by culture, music theory system, and context. There are many types of scales such as major, minor, pentatonic, chromatic, and many traditional scales from various cultures.

To provide a meaningful answer, I will first check if there is an entity or property in Wikidata that directly refers to the number of musical scales or a list of musical scales. Then I will explore how many musical scales are categorized or listed in Wikidata.

Step 1: Search for the entity "musical scale" in Wikidata.

Question: musical scale

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. scale (wd:Q179651, matched via musical scale), also known as gamut, musical scale: is instance of musical-structural concept / set of musical notes ordered by pitch / is subclass of scale
2. Japanese musical scale (wd:Q1683319): Scales used in Japanese traditional music / is instance of scale / is subclass of scale
3. A Perfect Musical Scale (wd:Q60136008): scientific article published in Nature / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
4. Synthetic Musical Scales (wd:Q58123356): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
5. MUSICAL INTELLIGENCE AND SCALE PREFERENCE. (wd:Q30335517): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scientific article
6. Musical Scales / Something's Missing (wd:Q114551632): is instance of television series episode / episode of Dragon Tales (S3 E24)
7. Musical Scales with Pythagorean Intervals (wd:Q114036524): scientific article published in September 2020 / scientific article published in September 2020 / scientific article published in 2020 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
8. Two-channel listening to musical scales (wd:Q31885720): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scientific article
9. Rating scales for musical interests. (wd:Q30366718): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scientific article
10. An illusion with musical scales (wd:Q56019595): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article

[Assistant]
The entity "scale" (wd:Q179651) in Wikidata corresponds to the concept of a musical scale, which is a set of musical notes ordered by pitch. This is the relevant entity for musical scales.

Step 2: I will now check how many instances or subclasses of this musical scale entity exist in Wikidata to get an idea of the number of musical scales recorded there.

execute

SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?scale) AS ?count) WHERE { ?scale wdt:P279 wd:Q179651 . }

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 26 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
There are 26 distinct subclasses (types) of musical scales recorded in Wikidata as subclasses of the musical scale entity (wd:Q179651).

Step 3: I will also check how many instances (individual musical scales) are directly instances of the musical scale entity. This will give a count of individual musical scales listed.

SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?scale) AS ?count) WHERE { ?scale wdt:P31 wd:Q179651 . }

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 22 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
There are 22 distinct individual musical scales listed as instances of the musical scale entity (wd:Q179651) in Wikidata.

Step 4: To provide a more comprehensive answer, I will combine both subclasses and instances to get a total count of musical scales and scale types recorded in Wikidata.

SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?scale) AS ?count) WHERE { { ?scale wdt:P279 wd:Q179651 . } UNION { ?scale wdt:P31 wd:Q179651 . } }

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 47 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?scale) AS ?count) WHERE { { ?scale wdt:P279 wd:Q179651 . } UNION { ?scale wdt:P31 wd:Q179651 . } }

Answer: There are 47 distinct musical scales and types of musical scales recorded in Wikidata as either subclasses or instances of the musical scale entity.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?genderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1983102 wdt:P21 ?gender .
  ?gender rdfs:label ?genderLabel
  FILTER ( LANG( ?genderLabel ) = "en" )
}
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
- Peter Orlovsky (wd:Q1983102), also known as Peter Anton Orlovsky: has occupation actor / has occupation writer / has occupation poet / is instance of human / American poet (1933-2010)

Using properties:
- sex or gender (wd:P21 as wdt), also known as biological sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, gender or sex, etc.: sex or gender identity: male (Q6581097), female (Q6581072), ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279) / sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, ... female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279) / sexual identity of subject: male (Q6581097), female ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use "subclass of" (P279)

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| genderLabel    |
| -------------- |
| male (lang:en) |

Answer: The binary gender of the partner of Allen Ginsberg, Peter Orlovsky, is male.

The binary gender of the partner of Allen Ginsberg, Peter Orlovsky, is male.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?genderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1983102 wdt:P21 ?gender .
  ?gender rdfs:label ?genderLabel
  FILTER ( LANG( ?genderLabel ) = "en" )
}
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
- Peter Orlovsky (wd:Q1983102), also known as Peter Anton Orlovsky: has occupation actor / has occupation writer / has occupation poet / is instance of human / American poet (1933-2010)

Using properties:
- sex or gender (wd:P21 as wdt), also known as biological sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, gender or sex, etc.: sex or gender identity: male (Q6581097), female (Q6581072), ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279) / sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, ... female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279) / sexual identity of subject: male (Q6581097), female ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use "subclass of" (P279)

Execution result:
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| genderLabel    |
| -------------- |
| male (lang:en) |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] What is the binary gender of the partner of Allen Ginsberg ?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the entity "Allen Ginsberg" in the knowledge graph. I will search for Allen Ginsberg in Wikidata to get his entity ID.

Question: Allen Ginsberg

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q6711), also known as Irwin Allen Ginsberg: American poet and writer (1926–1997) / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation photographer / has occupation screenwriter / has occupation playwright / has occupation musician / has occupation teacher / has occupation diarist / has occupation writer / is instance of human / has occupation poet
2. Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q102249265): Ph.D. Rutgers University, New Brunswick 1986 / is instance of human
3. Allen Ginsberg Library (wd:Q117833470): this entity is a library in the state of colorado. it was identified and verified by the chr task force / is instance of library
4. Untitled (Allen Ginsberg) (wd:Q76558858): print in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 155538) / is instance of work of art / is instance of Work of art
5. Ginsberg, Allen (1926-1997), poet (wd:Q103859353): is instance of encyclopaedic article / is instance of encyclopedia article / encyclopedia article
6. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163104): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88333) / is instance of photograph
7. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163102): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88336) / is instance of photograph
8. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163079): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88334) / is instance of photograph
9. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64162264): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88332) / is instance of photograph
10. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64162725): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88330) / is instance of photograph

[Assistant]
The entity for Allen Ginsberg is wd:Q6711.

Step 2: Find the partner of Allen Ginsberg. I will search for properties related to "partner" or "spouse" for the entity wd:Q6711.

Question: partner

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. unmarried partner (wd:P451 as wdt/p, matched via partner), also known as boyfriend, cohabitant, domestic partner, enbyfriend, girlfriend, etc.: someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / is subproperty of significant person
2. spouse (wd:P26 as p, matched via partner), also known as common-law husband, common-law spouse, common-law wife, husband, husbands, etc.: the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, ... Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions / the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, ... Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions / the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, ... Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of relative
3. member of (wd:P463 as wdt/p, matched via membership), also known as band member of, in musical group, member of musical group, membership, of organization, etc.: organisation, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / is subproperty of part of
4. father (wd:P22 as wdt/p, matched via parent), also known as child of, dad, daddy, daughter of, has father, etc.: male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent' (P3448) / male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448) / male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448) / is subproperty of parent
5. ethnic group (wd:P172 as p, matched via people), also known as (cultural) nationality, culture, ethnicity, ethnic or cultural origin, people, etc.: subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard ... on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such) / subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard ... on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
6. employer (wd:P108 as wdt/p), also known as employed by, of employer, organisation, organization, worked at, etc.: person or organization for which the subject works or worked / organisation for which the subject works or worked / organization for which the subject works or worked / is subproperty of affiliation
7. birth name (wd:P1477 as wdt/p, matched via né), also known as birthname, bn, bname, born as, full birth name, etc.: full name of a person at birth, if different from their ... John Peter Doe for Joe Doe, Ann Smith for Ann Miller) / full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name / full name of a person at birth, if different from their current name / is subproperty of name
8. field of work (wd:P101 as wdt/p, matched via purpose), also known as academic area, academic discipline, academic subject, activity, activity domain, etc.: specialisation of a person or organisation; see P106 for the occupation / specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation / specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation / specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation / is subproperty of interested in
9. occupation (wd:P106 as wdt/p, matched via profession), also known as avocation, career, craft, employ, employment, etc.: occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39) / occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39) / occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
10. topic's main category (wd:P910 as wdt/p, matched via category), also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category, etc.: main category of this topic / main Wikimedia category

No other items found

[Assistant]
The properties for partner of Allen Ginsberg could be "unmarried partner" (wdt:P451) or "spouse" (wdt:P26).

Step 3: Query the partner of Allen Ginsberg using these properties.

execute

SELECT ?partner ?partnerLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q6711 wdt:P451 ?partner .
  OPTIONAL { ?partner rdfs:label ?partnerLabel FILTER (LANG(?partnerLabel) = "en") }
} LIMIT 10

[Assistant]
Allen Ginsberg's partner is Peter Orlovsky (wd:Q1983102).

Step 4: Determine the binary gender of Peter Orlovsky. I will search for the property related to gender for the entity wd:Q1983102.

Question: gender

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. sex or gender (wd:P21 as wdt/p, matched via gender), also known as biological sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, gender or sex, etc.: sexual identity of subject: male (Q6581097), female ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use "subclass of" (P279) / sex or gender identity: male (Q6581097), female (Q6581072), ... (Q43445). Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279) / sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, ... female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
2. unmarried partner (wd:P451 as wdt/p, matched via girlfriend), also known as boyfriend, cohabitant, domestic partner, enbyfriend, girlfriend, etc.: someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / is subproperty of significant person
3. country of citizenship (wd:P27 as wdt/p, matched via nationality), also known as citizen of, citizenship, country, (legal) nationality, nation, etc.: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / is subproperty of country
4. ethnic group (wd:P172 as p, matched via people), also known as (cultural) nationality, culture, ethnicity, ethnic or cultural origin, people, etc.: subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard ... on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such) / subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard ... on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
5. place of birth (wd:P19 as wdt/p, matched via born), also known as birth city, birth location, birth place, birthplace, born, etc.: most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or ... birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or ... birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / is subproperty of location
6. date of birth (wd:P569 as wdt/p, matched via born), also known as birth date, birthdate, birth year, birthyear, born, etc.: is subproperty of date of foundation or creation / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / is subproperty of inception
7. given name (wd:P735 as wdt/p, matched via name), also known as Christian name, first name, forename, middle name, name, etc.: first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / is subproperty of name
8. instance of (wd:P31 as wdt/p, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
9. languages spoken, written or signed (wd:P1412 as wdt/p, matched via language), also known as language, language of expression, language read, language signed, languages of expression, etc.: language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s)
10. occupation (wd:P106 as wdt/p), also known as avocation, career, craft, employ, employment, etc.: occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39) / occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39) / occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property for gender is "sex or gender" (wdt:P21).

Step 5: Query the binary gender of Peter Orlovsky using the property wdt:P21.

SELECT ?gender ?genderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1983102 wdt:P21 ?gender .
  OPTIONAL { ?gender rdfs:label ?genderLabel FILTER (LANG(?genderLabel) = "en") }
} LIMIT 10

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT ?genderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1983102 wdt:P21 ?gender .
  ?gender rdfs:label ?genderLabel FILTER (LANG(?genderLabel) = "en")
} LIMIT 1

Answer: The binary gender of the partner of Allen Ginsberg, Peter Orlovsky, is male.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?member ?memberLabel ?birthDate WHERE {
  VALUES ?member {
    wd:Q26707915 wd:Q55287305 wd:Q55287306 wd:Q56259927 wd:Q56761923 wd:Q61100297
  }
  ?member wdt:P569 ?birthDate .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?member rdfs:label ?memberLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?memberLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?birthDate )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
- Jeon Soyeon (wd:Q26707915), also known as Jeon So-Yeon, Soyeon: has occupation singer / has occupation songwriter / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer
- Shuhua (wd:Q55287305): has occupation singer / is instance of human / Taiwanese singer (born 2000)
- Song Yuqi (wd:Q55287306), also known as Sòng Yǔqí, Yuqi: has occupation actor / has occupation songwriter / has occupation pop singer / has occupation composer / is instance of human / Chinese singer / Chinese singer / Chinese singer; member of (G)I-DLE
- Cho Mi-yeon (wd:Q56259927): has occupation singer / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer; member of (G)I-DLE
- Minnie (wd:Q56761923), also known as Minnie Nicha Yontararak: has occupation singer / has occupation actor / has occupation record producer / has occupation composer / has occupation choreographer / is instance of human / Thai singer / Thai singer / Thai singer and member of (G)I-DLE
- Soojin (wd:Q61100297), also known as Seo Soo-jin: has occupation singer / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean pop singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer

Using properties:
- date of birth (wd:P569 as wdt), also known as birth date, birthdate, birth year, birthyear, born, etc.: is subproperty of date of foundation or creation / is subproperty of inception / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born

Answer: The youngest member of (G)I-DLE is Shuhua, born on January 6, 2000.

The youngest member of (G)I-DLE is Shuhua, born on January 6, 2000.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?member ?memberLabel ?birthDate WHERE {
  VALUES ?member {
    wd:Q26707915 wd:Q55287305 wd:Q55287306 wd:Q56259927 wd:Q56761923 wd:Q61100297
  }
  ?member wdt:P569 ?birthDate .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?member rdfs:label ?memberLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?memberLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?birthDate )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
- Jeon Soyeon (wd:Q26707915), also known as Jeon So-Yeon, Soyeon: has occupation singer / has occupation songwriter / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer
- Shuhua (wd:Q55287305): has occupation singer / is instance of human / Taiwanese singer (born 2000)
- Song Yuqi (wd:Q55287306), also known as Sòng Yǔqí, Yuqi: has occupation actor / has occupation songwriter / has occupation pop singer / has occupation composer / is instance of human / Chinese singer / Chinese singer / Chinese singer; member of (G)I-DLE
- Cho Mi-yeon (wd:Q56259927): has occupation singer / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer; member of (G)I-DLE
- Minnie (wd:Q56761923), also known as Minnie Nicha Yontararak: has occupation singer / has occupation actor / has occupation record producer / has occupation composer / has occupation choreographer / is instance of human / Thai singer / Thai singer / Thai singer and member of (G)I-DLE
- Soojin (wd:Q61100297), also known as Seo Soo-jin: has occupation singer / has occupation actor / is instance of human / South Korean pop singer / South Korean singer / South Korean singer

Using properties:
- date of birth (wd:P569 as wdt), also known as birth date, birthdate, birth year, birthyear, born, etc.: is subproperty of date of foundation or creation / is subproperty of inception / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born

Execution result:
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| member                | memberLabel      | birthDate                           |
| --------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Shuhua (wd:Q55287305) | Shuhua (lang:en) | 2000-01-06T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] who is the youngested member in g-idle?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "Who is the youngest member in (G)I-DLE?", I need to identify the entity representing the music group (G)I-DLE in Wikidata and then find its members along with their birth dates. Finally, I will determine the youngest member based on the birth dates.

Step 1: Search for the entity representing (G)I-DLE in Wikidata.

Question: (G)I-DLE

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. (G)I-dle (wd:Q51885404), also known as (G)I-DLE: is instance of musical group / is instance of girl group / South Korean girl group / South Korean girl group / South Korean girl group / South Korean band
2. (G)I-DLE: I-TALK (wd:Q98844809), also known as I-Talk: original program made by Cube Entertainment, showing behind-the-scenes footage of MVs as series / is instance of Korean variety show / is instance of film
3. Hwaa (wd:Q104600483, matched via Hwaa ((G)I-dle song)), also known as Hwaa ((G)I-dle song), Hwaa (song): is instance of musical work/composition / 2021 single by (G)I-dle
4. Moon (wd:Q104969991, matched via Moon ((G)I-dle song)), also known as Moon ((G)I-dle song), Moon (G-Idle song): is instance of musical work/composition / 2021 single by (G)I-dle
5. Last Dance (wd:Q106584541, matched via Last Dance ((G)I-dle song)), also known as Last Dance ((G)I-dle song), Last Dance (G-Idle song): song written and composed by Kriz and Soyeon, adapted by GroovyRoom; recorded 2021 by (G)I-dle / is instance of musical work/composition
6. I-Land: Who Am I (wd:Q96381600, matched via 2020 (G)I-dle Online Concert 'I-Land: Who Am I'), also known as 2020 (G)I-dle Online Concert 'I-Land: Who Am I': 2020 (G)I-dle online concert / is instance of concert
7. (G)I-dle Just Me ( )I-dle in Seoul, June 2022 (wd:Q124058812): is instance of concert
8. (G)I-dle at 2020 Tainan Christmas & New Year Eve Party (wd:Q124058809)
9. (G)I-dle Just Me ( )I-dle in Monterrey, 14 August 2022 (wd:Q124058808): is instance of concert
10. (G)I-dle Just Me ( )I-dle in San Francisco, 24 July 2022 (wd:Q124058817): is instance of concert

[Assistant]
The entity representing the music group (G)I-DLE is wd:Q51885404. Next, I will find the members of this group and their birth dates to determine the youngest member.

list

wd:Q51885404

[Assistant]
The members of (G)I-DLE are:
- Jeon Soyeon (wd:Q26707915)
- Shuhua (wd:Q55287305)
- Song Yuqi (wd:Q55287306)
- Cho Mi-yeon (wd:Q56259927)
- Minnie (wd:Q56761923)
- Soojin (wd:Q61100297)

Next, I will find the birth dates of these members to determine who is the youngest. I will start by querying the birth dates of all these members.

execute

SELECT ?member ?memberLabel ?birthDate WHERE {
  VALUES ?member { wd:Q26707915 wd:Q55287305 wd:Q55287306 wd:Q56259927 wd:Q56761923 wd:Q61100297 }
  ?member wdt:P569 ?birthDate .
  OPTIONAL { ?member rdfs:label ?memberLabel FILTER (LANG(?memberLabel) = "en") }
} ORDER BY DESC(?birthDate) LIMIT 1

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT ?member ?memberLabel ?birthDate WHERE {
  VALUES ?member { wd:Q26707915 wd:Q55287305 wd:Q55287306 wd:Q56259927 wd:Q56761923 wd:Q61100297 }
  ?member wdt:P569 ?birthDate .
  OPTIONAL { ?member rdfs:label ?memberLabel FILTER (LANG(?memberLabel) = "en") }
} ORDER BY DESC(?birthDate) LIMIT 1

Answer: The youngest member of (G)I-DLE is Shuhua, born on January 6, 2000.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?author ?authorLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q3521239 wdt:P50 ?author .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author rdfs:label ?authorLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?authorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
- The Hellbound Heart (wd:Q3521239): is instance of literary work / novella by Clive Barker

Using properties:
- author (wd:P50 as wdt), also known as co-author, creator, maker, playwright, poet, etc.: is subproperty of creator / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); ... name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist

Answer: The author of The Hellbound Heart is Clive Barker.

The author of The Hellbound Heart is Clive Barker.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?author ?authorLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q3521239 wdt:P50 ?author .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author rdfs:label ?authorLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?authorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
- The Hellbound Heart (wd:Q3521239): is instance of literary work / novella by Clive Barker

Using properties:
- author (wd:P50 as wdt), also known as co-author, creator, maker, playwright, poet, etc.: is subproperty of creator / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); ... name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist

Execution result:
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| author                    | authorLabel            |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Clive Barker (wd:Q298761) | Clive Barker (lang:en) |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Who's the author of The Hellbound Heart ?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the entity "The Hellbound Heart" to find its corresponding Wikidata item. I will search for this entity in Wikidata.

Question: The Hellbound Heart

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Hellbound Heart (wd:Q3521239): is instance of literary work / novella by Clive Barker
2. The Hellbound Heart (wd:Q131862610): is instance of version, edition or translation / 2008 HarperVoyager edition
3. Heart of the Heartland (wd:Q17009083): album by Peter Ostroushko / album by Peter Ostroushko / album by Peter Ostroushko / is instance of album
4. Heart--development of the heart (wd:Q71725938): scientific article published on 01 November 1970 / scientific article published on 1 November 1970 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
5. The Tell-Tale Heart (wd:Q762206): short story by Edgar Allan Poe / is instance of literary work
6. The Normal Heart (wd:Q15039861), also known as Normal Heart: 2014 film directed by Ryan Murphy / is instance of Television film / is instance of television film
7. The Hasty Heart (wd:Q1521238), also known as Hasty Heart: 1949 film by Vincent Sherman / is instance of film
8. Cœur fidèle (wd:Q3010836, matched via The Faithful Heart), also known as The Faithful Heart: 1923 film by Jean Epstein / is instance of film
9. Doctor Doctor (wd:Q23013591, matched via The Heart Guy), also known as The Heart Guy: Australian television drama series / is instance of television series / is instance of serial
10. The Roue's Heart (wd:Q3522553), also known as Roue's Heart: 1909 film by D. W. Griffith / is instance of short film

[Assistant]
The Hellbound Heart corresponds to the Wikidata entity wd:Q3521239. Now, I will look for the author of this literary work. I will search for properties related to "author" or "writer" for this entity.

Question: author

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. author (wd:P50 as wdt/p), also known as co-author, creator, maker, playwright, poet, etc.: main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); ... name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / is subproperty of creator
2. publisher (wd:P123 as wdt/p), also known as board game publisher, book publisher, comic book publisher, comic publisher, music publisher, etc.: organization or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, printed music, podcasts, games or software / organisation or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, games or software / organization or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, games or software
3. Open Library ID (wd:P648 as wdtn/wdt/p, matched via OpenLibrary author ID), also known as OL ID, OLID, Open Library author ID, OpenLibrary author ID, Open Library book ID, etc.: identifier in "the Internet Archive" for information about a work ("W"), edition ("M") or author ("A") of a book / identifier for a work ("W"), edition ("M") or author ("A") for book data of the Internet Archive
4. title (wd:P1476 as wdt/p, matched via name), also known as article title, full title, headline, known as, name, etc.: published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work / published title of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, a website, or a performance work / published title of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, a website, or a performance work / is subproperty of name
5. publication date (wd:P577 as wdt/p, matched via pubdate), also known as air date, airdate, be published during, be published in, broadcast date, etc.: date or point in time when a work was first published or released / date or point in time a work is first published or released / date or point in time a work is first published or released / is subproperty of point in time
6. characters (wd:P674 as wdt/p), also known as appears in this work, P674: characters which appear in this item (like plays, operas, operettas, books, comics, films, TV series, video games) / characters which appear in this item (like plays, operas, operettas, books, comics, films, TV series, video games) / characters which appear in this item (like plays, operas, operettas, books, comics, films, TV series, video games)
7. derivative work (wd:P4969 as wdt/p, matched via cover), also known as adaptation, adapted as, cover, derived work, has adaptation, etc.: work created from major part of this artwork; work created from major part of this software / new work of art (film, book, software, etc.) derived from major part of this work
8. language of work or name (wd:P407 as wdt/p, matched via language), also known as audio language, available in, broadcasting language, language, language of name, etc.: language associated with this creative work (such as books, ... (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412)) / language associated with this creative work (such as books, ... (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412)) / language associated with this work or name (for persons use P103 and P1412)
9. has edition or translation (wd:P747 as wdt/p, matched via edition), also known as arranged as, arrangement, edition, edition or translation, editions, etc.: item that is an edition or translation of this item
10. instance of (wd:P31 as wdt/p, matched via is a), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "author" (wdt:P50) is used to indicate the main creator(s) of a written work. I will now query the author of the entity "The Hellbound Heart" (wd:Q3521239) using this property.

execute

SELECT ?author ?authorLabel WHERE { wd:Q3521239 wdt:P50 ?author . OPTIONAL { ?author rdfs:label ?authorLabel FILTER (LANG(?authorLabel) = "en") } }

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT ?author ?authorLabel WHERE { wd:Q3521239 wdt:P50 ?author . OPTIONAL { ?author rdfs:label ?authorLabel FILTER (LANG(?authorLabel) = "en") } }

Answer: The author of The Hellbound Heart is Clive Barker.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?manufacturer WHERE {
  wd:Q388973 wdt:P176 ?manufacturer .
  FILTER ( ?manufacturer = wd:Q157062 )
}

Using entities:
- Unilever (wd:Q157062): is instance of business / is instance of public company / is instance of Dual-listed company / is instance of dual-listed company / is instance of multinational corporation / is instance of trademark / British multinational consumer goods company / British multinational consumer goods company
- After Eight (wd:Q388973), also known as After Eight mint chocolate: is instance of trademark / is instance of food brand / is subclass of bonbon / is subclass of confection / chocolate brand of Nestle

Using properties:
- manufacturer (wd:P176 as wdt), also known as assembled by, assembler, brewed by, brewer, builder, etc.: (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product / manufacturer or producer of this product

Answer: No, After Eight is not manufactured by Unilever. It is manufactured by Nestlé according to Wikidata.

No, After Eight is not manufactured by Unilever. It is manufactured by Nestlé according to Wikidata.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?manufacturer WHERE {
  wd:Q388973 wdt:P176 ?manufacturer .
  FILTER ( ?manufacturer = wd:Q157062 )
}

Using entities:
- Unilever (wd:Q157062): is instance of business / is instance of public company / is instance of Dual-listed company / is instance of dual-listed company / is instance of multinational corporation / is instance of trademark / British multinational consumer goods company / British multinational consumer goods company
- After Eight (wd:Q388973), also known as After Eight mint chocolate: is instance of trademark / is instance of food brand / is subclass of bonbon / is subclass of confection / chocolate brand of Nestle

Using properties:
- manufacturer (wd:P176 as wdt), also known as assembled by, assembler, brewed by, brewer, builder, etc.: (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product / manufacturer or producer of this product

Execution result:
Got no rows and 1 columns

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Is After Eight manufactured by Unilever?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify entities and properties in the question.
- Entity: "After Eight" (likely a product or brand)
- Entity: "Unilever" (a company)
- Property: "manufacturer" or equivalent property linking a product to its manufacturer

Step 2: Search for the entity "After Eight" in Wikidata to find its identifier.

Question: After Eight

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. After Eight (wd:Q388973), also known as After Eight mint chocolate: is instance of food brand / is subclass of confection / chocolate brand of Nestle / is instance of trademark / is subclass of bonbon
2. Polar Bear (wd:Q7209010, matched via After Eight), also known as After Eight, Peppermint Paddy: is subclass of cocktail / mint chocolate cocktail
3. After Eight (wd:Q60786577): 1982 debut studio album by Taco / is instance of album
4. Dahlia 'Twyning's After Eight' (wd:Q83544826, matched via Twyning's After Eight), also known as Twyning's After Eight: is instance of Dahlia cultivar / Dahlia cultivar
5. Twelve after Eight (wd:Q131628059): journal article from 'Journal of Medical Humanities' published in 2015 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
6. 8 Man After (wd:Q115948406, matched via Eightman After), also known as Eightman After: is instance of original video animation series / 1993 original video animation series
7. Quarter After Eight (wd:Q15762559): is instance of scientific journal / journal
8. DeltaD (wd:Q29825141, matched via after eight protein), also known as aei, after eight protein, delta-like protein D, dld: protein found in Danio rerio / is instance of protein
9. Chernobyl: eight years after (wd:Q56608399): scientific article published on 01 October 1994 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
10. After Eighty Study (wd:Q63818230): is instance of clinical trial / is instance of Clinical trial / clinical trial / clinical trial / clinical trial / clinical trial

[Assistant]
The entity "After Eight" as a food brand or mint chocolate corresponds to wd:Q388973.

Step 3: Search for the entity "Unilever" in Wikidata to find its identifier.

Question: Unilever

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Unilever (wd:Q157062): British multinational consumer goods company / British multinational consumer goods company / is instance of multinational corporation / is instance of Dual-listed company / is instance of dual-listed company / is instance of public company / is instance of trademark / is instance of business
2. Unilever (wd:Q7885208), also known as Lever Zeepfabrieken N.V., PT Unilever  Tbk, Unilever Tbk, UNVR: is instance of public company / is instance of business / British company in
3. Unilever Headquarters (wd:Q125679337, matched via Unilever), also known as Unilever, Weena 455: office building at Weena 455, Centrum, Rotterdam, the Netherlands / is instance of office building
4. T.H. Estabrooks Co. Ltd. (wd:Q116708935, matched via Unilever), also known as Brooke Bond, Unilever: is instance of organisation / is instance of organization / Canadian business.
5. Hindustan Unilever (wd:Q1619376), also known as Hindustan Unilever Limited, HUL, Unilever (India): is instance of multi-level marketing company / is instance of Dual-listed company / is instance of dual-listed company / Indiconsumer goods company / is instance of subsidiary
6. Unilever House (wd:Q2494434): grade II listed office building in City of London, United kingdom / is instance of office building
7. Unilever Philippines (wd:Q18159894), also known as Unilever (Philippines): is instance of Dual-listed company / is instance of dual-listed company / Philippine subsidiary of Unilever / is instance of business
8. Unilever Gloucester (wd:Q96412295), also known as Walls Ice Cream Factory: food manufacturing site in Gloucester, England, UK / is instance of Factory / is instance of factory
9. Unilever Pakistan (wd:Q7885211), also known as Unilever Pakistan Limited: Pakistani subsidiary of a foreign company / is instance of business
10. Unilever Israel (wd:Q30526669): Israeli branch of Unilever / is instance of company

[Assistant]
The entity "Unilever" corresponds to wd:Q157062.

Step 4: Search for properties that link a product or brand to its manufacturer. I will search for properties related to "manufacturer" or "manufacturer of" to find the appropriate property.

Question: manufacturer

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. manufacturer (wd:P176 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt), also known as assembled by, assembler, brewed by, brewer, builder, etc.: (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product / manufacturer or producer of this product
2. product or material produced (wd:P1056 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via manufacturer of), also known as commodity, creates, has product, maker of, makes, etc.: material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process / material or product produced by a business or industry / is subproperty of immediate cause of
3. brand (wd:P1716 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt), also known as main brand, P1716: commercial brand associated with the item / commercial brand associated with the item
4. author (wd:P50 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via maker), also known as co-author, creator, maker, playwright, poet, etc.: main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); ... name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / is subproperty of creator
5. location of creation (wd:P1071 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via manufactured in), also known as assembly location, built at, built in, composed at, created at, etc.: place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly / is subproperty of significant place
6. logo image (wd:P154 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via marque), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
7. franchisor (wd:P10680 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt), also known as franchise, franchiser, P10680: one who licenses some or all of its know-how, procedures, ... to sell its branded products and services to a franchisee
8. WMI code (wd:P6793 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via World Manufacturer Identifier), also known as WMI, World Manufacturer Identifier, P6793
9. typically sells (wd:P7163 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via product), also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells, P7163: type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
10. fabrication method (wd:P2079 as pr/pq/p/wdtn/pqn/ps/prn/prv/pqv/psn/psv/wdt, matched via made by), also known as assembly method, assembly process, building technique, by means, by method, etc.: method, process or technique used to grow, cook, weave, build, assemble, manufacture the item / method, process or technique used to grow, cook, weave, build, assemble, manufacture the item / is subproperty of uses

[Assistant]
The property "manufacturer" (wdt:P176) is the appropriate property to link a product to its manufacturer.

Step 5: Construct a SPARQL query to check if "After Eight" (wd:Q388973) has "Unilever" (wd:Q157062) as its manufacturer (wdt:P176).

execute

SELECT ?manufacturer WHERE { wd:Q388973 wdt:P176 ?manufacturer . FILTER(?manufacturer = wd:Q157062) }

[Assistant]
The query returned no results, indicating that "After Eight" is not manufactured by "Unilever" according to the data in Wikidata.

Step 6: To be thorough, let's check who is the manufacturer of "After Eight" to confirm if it is indeed not Unilever.

SELECT ?manufacturer ?manufacturerLabel WHERE { wd:Q388973 wdt:P176 ?manufacturer . OPTIONAL { ?manufacturer rdfs:label ?manufacturerLabel FILTER(LANG(?manufacturerLabel) = "en") } }

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| manufacturer        | manufacturerLabel |
| ------------------- | ----------------- |
| Nestlé (wd:Q160746) | Nestlé (lang:en)  |

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT ?manufacturer WHERE { wd:Q388973 wdt:P176 ?manufacturer . FILTER(?manufacturer = wd:Q157062) }

Answer: No, After Eight is not manufactured by Unilever. It is manufactured by Nestlé according to Wikidata.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?business ?businessLabel WHERE {
  ?business wdt:P112 wd:Q317521 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?business rdfs:label ?businessLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?businessLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
- Elon Musk (wd:Q317521), also known as Elon Reeve Musk: has occupation businessperson / has occupation politician / has occupation engineer / has occupation investor / has occupation programmer / has occupation entrepreneur / has occupation Civil service / has occupation civil servant / has occupation inventor / has occupation technology entrepreneur / has occupation Entrepreneur / is instance of human / family name / South African-Canadian-American businessperson, engineer, inventor and political figure

Using properties:
- founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: is subproperty of creator / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity

Got 14 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| business                                                | businessLabel                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Texas Institute of Technology & Science (wd:Q109332244) | Texas Institute of Technology & Science (lang:en) |
| Thud (wd:Q115815194)                                    | Thud (lang:en)                                    |
| X Corp. (wd:Q117617480)                                 | X Corp. (lang:en)                                 |
| X Holdings Corp (wd:Q117705742)                         | X Holdings Corp (lang:en)                         |
| xAI (wd:Q120599684)                                     | xAI (lang:en)                                     |
| ...                                                     | ...                                               |
| Zip2 (wd:Q28222602)                                     | Zip2 (lang:en)                                    |
| The Boring Company (wd:Q28874479)                       | The Boring Company (lang:en)                      |
| Neuralink (wd:Q29043471)                                | Neuralink (lang:en)                               |
| X.com (wd:Q30686532)                                    | X.com (lang:en)                                   |
| PayPal (wd:Q483959)                                     | PayPal (lang:en)                                  |

Answer: The businesses founded by the person in charge (Elon Musk) of Tesla, Inc. are: Texas Institute of Technology & Science, Thud, X Corp., X Holdings Corp, xAI, Zip2, The Boring Company, Neuralink, X.com, and PayPal among others.

The businesses founded by the person in charge (Elon Musk) of Tesla, Inc. are: Texas Institute of Technology & Science, Thud, X Corp., X Holdings Corp, xAI, Zip2, The Boring Company, Neuralink, X.com, and PayPal among others.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?business ?businessLabel WHERE {
  ?business wdt:P112 wd:Q317521 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?business rdfs:label ?businessLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?businessLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
- Elon Musk (wd:Q317521), also known as Elon Reeve Musk: has occupation businessperson / has occupation politician / has occupation engineer / has occupation investor / has occupation programmer / has occupation entrepreneur / has occupation Civil service / has occupation civil servant / has occupation inventor / has occupation technology entrepreneur / has occupation Entrepreneur / is instance of human / family name / South African-Canadian-American businessperson, engineer, inventor and political figure

Using properties:
- founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: is subproperty of creator / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity

Execution result:
Got 14 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| business                                                | businessLabel                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Texas Institute of Technology & Science (wd:Q109332244) | Texas Institute of Technology & Science (lang:en) |
| Thud (wd:Q115815194)                                    | Thud (lang:en)                                    |
| X Corp. (wd:Q117617480)                                 | X Corp. (lang:en)                                 |
| X Holdings Corp (wd:Q117705742)                         | X Holdings Corp (lang:en)                         |
| xAI (wd:Q120599684)                                     | xAI (lang:en)                                     |
| ...                                                     | ...                                               |
| Zip2 (wd:Q28222602)                                     | Zip2 (lang:en)                                    |
| The Boring Company (wd:Q28874479)                       | The Boring Company (lang:en)                      |
| Neuralink (wd:Q29043471)                                | Neuralink (lang:en)                               |
| X.com (wd:Q30686532)                                    | X.com (lang:en)                                   |
| PayPal (wd:Q483959)                                     | PayPal (lang:en)                                  |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Which businesses are founded by the person in charge of Tesla?

[Assistant]
Step 1: Identify the entity "Tesla" in the knowledge graph. I will search for the entity "Tesla" in Wikidata.

Question: Tesla

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nikola Tesla (wd:Q9036, matched via Tesla), also known as Nicola Tesla, Tesla: Serbian-American inventor (1856–1943) / has occupation electrical engineer / has occupation electrician / has occupation physicist / has occupation inventor / is instance of human
2. Tesla, Inc. (wd:Q478214, matched via Tesla), also known as Tesla, Tesla Inc.: American electric vehicle, energy storage and solar power company / American automotive, energy storage and solar power company / American automotive, energy storage and solar power company / is instance of automobile manufacturer / is instance of car manufacturer / is instance of corporation / is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
3. tesla (wd:Q163343), also known as T: is instance of unit of magnetic flux density / is instance of SI unit with special name / is instance of UCUM derived unit / SI unit of magnetic flux density
4. Tesla (wd:Q1428953): is instance of rock band / American hard rock band
5. Nvidia Tesla (wd:Q16258100, matched via Tesla), also known as NVidia Tesla, NVIDIA Tesla, Tesla: Nvidia's brand name for their products targeting stream processing and/or general purpose GPU / is subclass of graphics processing unit / is subclass of graphics card / is subclass of video card / is instance of brand
6. Tesla (wd:Q88053410): 2020 film directed by Michael Almereyda / is instance of film
7. Tesla (wd:Q2406220): is instance of Impact crater / is instance of impact crater / is instance of lunar crater / lunar crater / lunar crater
8. Tesla (wd:Q1548225), also known as TESLA, Tesla (Czech Republic): Czech manufacturer of electronical and electrical equipment (est.1991) / is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
9. Tesla (wd:Q1050485), also known as Nvidia Tesla, NVidia Tesla, NVIDIA Tesla: GPU microarchitecture designed by NVIDIA / is instance of microarchitecture / is instance of Microarchitecture
10. Tesla (wd:Q7705502), also known as Tesla, West Virginia, Tesla, WV: is instance of unincorporated community in the United States / unincorporated community in Braxton County, West Virginia

[Assistant]
The entity "Tesla" relevant to the question is "Tesla, Inc." (wd:Q478214), which is an American electric vehicle, energy storage, and solar power company.

Step 2: Identify the property that links Tesla, Inc. to the person in charge. The person in charge could be the CEO or founder. I will search for properties related to "Tesla, Inc." that might indicate the person in charge. I will start by searching for properties related to "CEO" or "founder" for Tesla, Inc.

Question: CEO

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. chief executive officer (wd:P169 as wdt/p, matched via CEO), also known as CEO, chief executive, executive director, P169: highest-ranking corporate officer appointed as the CEO within an organisation / highest-ranking corporate officer appointed as the CEO within an organization / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of corporate officer / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of manager/director
2. chairperson (wd:P488 as wdt/p, matched via chairman), also known as chair, chairman, chairwoman, dean, headed by, etc.: presiding member of an organization, group, or body / presiding member of an organisation, group or body / presiding member of an organization, group or body / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of manager/director
3. founded by (wd:P112 as wdt/p, matched via co-founder), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
4. owned by (wd:P127 as wdt/p, matched via stockholder), also known as belonged to, belongs to, is owned by, owner, owners, etc.: owner of the subject / owner of the subject / owner of the subject
5. employees (wd:P1128 as wdt/p), also known as employee count, number of employees, number of staff, personnel, staff, etc.: total number of employees of a company at a given "point in ... deprecated rank). Add data for recent years, don't overwrite
6. board member (wd:P3320 as wdt/p), also known as member of the board, member of the board of directors, P3320: member(s) of the board for the organization
7. headquarters location (wd:P159 as wdt/p, matched via headquarters), also known as admin HQ, based in, garrison, head office location, head quarters, etc.: city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / is subproperty of significant place
8. owner of (wd:P1830 as wdt/p, matched via shareholder of), also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of, P1830: entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject
9. total revenue (wd:P2139 as wdt/p, matched via sales), also known as gross revenue, income, net sales, revenue, sales, etc.: income gained by an organization during a given time frame. Not to be confused with fiscal revenue
10. industry (wd:P452 as wdt/p), also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector, etc.: specific industry of company or organization / is subproperty of part of

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "chief executive officer" (wdt:P169) links Tesla, Inc. to the person in charge (CEO). Also, the property "founded by" (wdt:P112) indicates the founder(s) of the organization.

Step 3: Find the person who is the CEO of Tesla, Inc. using the property "chief executive officer" (wdt:P169).

execute

SELECT ?person ?personLabel WHERE { wd:Q478214 wdt:P169 ?person . OPTIONAL { ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel FILTER (LANG(?personLabel) = "en") } }

[Assistant]
The person in charge (CEO) of Tesla, Inc. is Elon Musk (wd:Q317521).

Step 4: Find the businesses founded by Elon Musk. Use the property "founded by" (wdt:P112) with Elon Musk as the object.

SELECT ?business ?businessLabel WHERE { ?business wdt:P112 wd:Q317521 . OPTIONAL { ?business rdfs:label ?businessLabel FILTER (LANG(?businessLabel) = "en") } }

Got 14 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| business                                                | businessLabel                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Texas Institute of Technology & Science (wd:Q109332244) | Texas Institute of Technology & Science (lang:en) |
| Thud (wd:Q115815194)                                    | Thud (lang:en)                                    |
| X Corp. (wd:Q117617480)                                 | X Corp. (lang:en)                                 |
| X Holdings Corp (wd:Q117705742)                         | X Holdings Corp (lang:en)                         |
| xAI (wd:Q120599684)                                     | xAI (lang:en)                                     |
| ...                                                     | ...                                               |
| Zip2 (wd:Q28222602)                                     | Zip2 (lang:en)                                    |
| The Boring Company (wd:Q28874479)                       | The Boring Company (lang:en)                      |
| Neuralink (wd:Q29043471)                                | Neuralink (lang:en)                               |
| X.com (wd:Q30686532)                                    | X.com (lang:en)                                   |
| PayPal (wd:Q483959)                                     | PayPal (lang:en)                                  |

[Assistant]
answer

SELECT ?business ?businessLabel WHERE { ?business wdt:P112 wd:Q317521 . OPTIONAL { ?business rdfs:label ?businessLabel FILTER (LANG(?businessLabel) = "en") } }

Answer: The businesses founded by the person in charge (Elon Musk) of Tesla, Inc. are: Texas Institute of Technology & Science, Thud, X Corp., X Holdings Corp, xAI, Zip2, The Boring Company, Neuralink, X.com, and PayPal among others.