PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?statement ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q110719 p:P39 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P39 wd:Q18130478 .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 8 (xsd:int) |

Oskar Lafontaine was elected Member of the Landtag of Saarland 8 times.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many times was Oskar Lafontaine elected Member of the Landtag of Saarland?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine and the entity for the Landtag of Saarland. Then, I need to find the property that indicates being elected as a member of a legislative body or specifically the Landtag of Saarland. Finally, I will count how many times Oskar Lafontaine was elected as a member of the Landtag of Saarland.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Oskar Lafontaine" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
2. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
3. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat
4. Oskar Davičo, also known as Davičo, Oskar (wd:Q782418): Serbian writer (1909–1989), political commissar, journalist, writer, poet
5. Oskar, also known as Oskar (first name), Oskar (given name) (wd:Q18145769): male given name
6. Oskar (wd:Q12330497): 1962 film by Gabriel Axel
7. Lafontaine, also known as Lafontaine, KS, Lafontaine, Kansas (wd:Q16893891): human settlement in United States of America
8. Pierre Joseph Lafontaine, also known as M. Lafonteyne, M. La Fontaine, M. Lafontaine, M. De La Fontaine, Lafontene (wd:Q3385620): Belgian painter (1758-1835), art collector, painter
9. Lafontaine, also known as LaFontaine (wd:Q18043422): family name
10. LaFontaine (wd:Q3206243): provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada

[Assistant] The entity for Oskar Lafontaine is not directly listed in the top 10 search results. However, the search results include entities related to the name "Oskar" and "Lafontaine" separately. I will try searching for "Oskar Lafontaine politician" to narrow down the search to the correct person.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
2. politician, also known as pol, political leader, polit., political figure (wd:Q82955): person who holds or seeks positions in government
3. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
4. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat
5. Oskar Davičo, also known as Davičo, Oskar (wd:Q782418): Serbian writer (1909–1989), political commissar, journalist, writer, poet
6. Oskar, also known as Oskar (first name), Oskar (given name) (wd:Q18145769): male given name
7. Oskar (wd:Q12330497): 1962 film by Gabriel Axel
8. Lafontaine, also known as Lafontaine, KS, Lafontaine, Kansas (wd:Q16893891): human settlement in United States of America
9. Pierre Joseph Lafontaine, also known as M. Lafonteyne, M. La Fontaine, M. Lafontaine, M. De La Fontaine, Lafontene (wd:Q3385620): Belgian painter (1758-1835), art collector, painter
10. Lafontaine, also known as LaFontaine (wd:Q18043422): family name

[Assistant] The search for "Oskar Lafontaine politician" still does not directly show the entity for Oskar Lafontaine. I will try to search for "Oskar Lafontaine" again but with a focus on entities that are humans (instance of human) and politicians.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
2. Miria Rukoza Koburunga Matembe, also known as Politician, Legislator, Human Rights Activist (wd:Q119242894): human rights activist, Ugandan Author, politician, writer
3. human, also known as human being, person, people, nonfictional human, non-fictional human (wd:Q5): any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo
4. politician, also known as pol, political leader, polit., political figure (wd:Q82955): person who holds or seeks positions in government
5. Homo sapiens, also known as human beings, human, men, human being, humans (wd:Q15978631): species of mammal
6. Homo sapiens, also known as men, man, humans, human beings, human being (wd:Q15978631): species of mammal
7. Uman, also known as Humań (wd:Q208499): city in Cherkasy Oblast in central Ukraine
8. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
9. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat
10. Human (wd:Q849189): 1991 album by Death

[Assistant] The entity for Oskar Lafontaine is still not directly found. I will try a different approach by searching for the Landtag of Saarland first and then look for members or related properties that might help me find Oskar Lafontaine's membership.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q260372): Parliament of the German federal state of Saarland
2. 1st Landtag of Saarland, also known as 1st legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547054): legislative term from 1947 to 1952
3. 11th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 11th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547302): legislative term from 1994 to 1999
4. 12th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 12th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547304): legislative term from 1999 to 2004
5. 10th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 10th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547081): legislative term from 1990 to 1994
6. 17th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 17th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q111716931): legislative term from 2022 to 2027 (expected)
7. 14th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 14th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547309): legislative term from 2009 to 2012
8. 13th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 13th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30547307): legislative term from 2004 to 2009
9. 16th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 16th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q30548671): legislative term from 2017 to 2022
10. 15th Landtag of Saarland, also known as 15th legislative term of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q27949660): legislative term from 2012 to 2017

[Assistant] The entity for the Landtag of Saarland is wd:Q260372. Now I will search for properties related to membership or election for this entity or related to Oskar Lafontaine. Since I have not found the entity for Oskar Lafontaine yet, I will try to find properties related to "member of" or "elected" for the Landtag of Saarland.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. member of political party, also known as political party member, political party, party membership, party, member of party (wd:P102 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): the political party of which a person is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated, member of
2. member of, also known as band member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group, be member of (wd:P463 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs...ical position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that), part of
3. members have occupation, also known as profession of members, organization of, organization for, organisation of, organisation for (wd:P3989 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): some or all members of this group share the occupation
4. member count, also known as total members, number of members, count of members, amount of members, membership (wd:P2124 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): number of entities that are part of an organization at a particular time
5. contains the administrative territorial entity, also known as has shires, has rural cities, has regions, has municipalities, has members (wd:P150 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): (list of) direct subdivisions of an administrative territorial entity, has part(s)
6. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
7. affiliation, also known as association, sister society, affiliated with, affiliated to, associated with (wd:P1416 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): organization that a person or organization is affiliated with (not necessarily member of or employed by)
8. member category, also known as category for members (wd:P6365 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): category item for members of the organization
9. represented by, also known as agent, managed by, manager, managing agent, rep (wd:P1875 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): person or agency that represents or manages the subject
10. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time

[Assistant] The property "member of" (wdt:P463) is related to membership in organizations, but for political positions, the property "position held" (wdt:P39) is more appropriate. I will search for properties related to "position held" to find if Oskar Lafontaine held the position of member of the Landtag of Saarland.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
2. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): persons who hold and/or held the position
3. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): position or specialism of a player on a team
4. expression, gesture or body pose, also known as action, expression, facial expression, gesture, movement (wd:P6022 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): qualifier on "depicts" (P180) for human position of an individual in an artwork
5. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
6. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
7. term length of position, also known as term length, time in position, term of position, position term, length of term (wd:P2097 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): length of time in years (unit: Q577) a person (usually a politician) is to serve in a particular position. Do not add bounds., duration
8. office contested, also known as contested office, contested position, position contested (wd:P541 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): title of office which election will determine the next holder of
9. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): position of the head of this item
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant] The property "position held" (wdt:P39) is the correct property to find the positions held by a person. Now I will search for the entity of Oskar Lafontaine again, but this time I will try to find him by looking for people who held the position of member of the Landtag of Saarland. I will search for entities that have the property "position held" (wdt:P39) with the object being the Landtag of Saarland or a related position.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
The query to find people who held the position related to the Landtag of Saarland returned no results. This might be because the position held is not directly linked to the Landtag of Saarland entity but to a specific position entity like "Member of the Landtag of Saarland."

I will try to find the specific position entity for "Member of the Landtag of Saarland" by searching for entities related to the Landtag of Saarland and positions.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. member of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q18130478)
2. Member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg (wd:Q17481175)
3. member of the landtag of Vorarlberg (wd:Q87275062): elected representative in the Vorarlberg state parliament
4. member of the Landtag of Hesse, also known as member of the Hessian Parliament (wd:Q17519166)
5. member of the Landtag of Liechtenstein (wd:Q21328607)
6. member of the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, also known as member of the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (wd:Q18327349)
7. Member of the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, also known as member of the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (wd:Q18327349)
8. member of the Landtag of Salzburg (wd:Q23710976)
9. Member of the Landtag of Saxony (wd:Q17334379)
10. member of the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt (wd:Q18559580)

[Assistant] The specific position entity for "member of the Landtag of Saarland" is wd:Q18130478. Now I will search for the entity "Oskar Lafontaine" again to find his entity ID.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
2. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
3. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat
4. Oskar Davičo, also known as Davičo, Oskar (wd:Q782418): Serbian writer (1909–1989), political commissar, journalist, writer, poet
5. Oskar, also known as Oskar (first name), Oskar (given name) (wd:Q18145769): male given name
6. Oskar (wd:Q12330497): 1962 film by Gabriel Axel
7. Lafontaine, also known as Lafontaine, KS, Lafontaine, Kansas (wd:Q16893891): human settlement in United States of America
8. Pierre Joseph Lafontaine, also known as M. Lafonteyne, M. La Fontaine, M. Lafontaine, M. De La Fontaine, Lafontene (wd:Q3385620): Belgian painter (1758-1835), art collector, painter
9. Lafontaine, also known as LaFontaine (wd:Q18043422): family name
10. LaFontaine (wd:Q3206243): provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada

[Assistant] The entity for Oskar Lafontaine is still not directly found in the search results. I will try to find the entity by searching for "Oskar Lafontaine" with the qualifier "politician" or "German politician" to narrow down the search.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. German politician (wd:L330264-S1)
2. German Politicians (wd:Q119148688): painting by S. Young, St Albans Museums
3. Herman Gref, also known as German Oskarovich Gref (wd:Q465285): Russian economist, politician, economist, banker
4. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
5. 'German politicians break research pledge' (wd:Q60085599): scientific article published in Nature
6. German, also known as de, German language (wd:Q188): West Germanic language spoken mainly in Central Europe
7. politician, also known as pol, political leader, polit., political figure (wd:Q82955): person who holds or seeks positions in government
8. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
9. culture of Germany, also known as culture (Germany), culture in Germany, German, German culture, Germany culture (wd:Q1979615): pattern of human activity and symbolism associated with Germany and its people
10. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat

[Assistant] The search for "Oskar Lafontaine German politician" did not return the entity for Oskar Lafontaine directly. I will try to find Oskar Lafontaine by searching for people who held the position "member of the Landtag of Saarland" (wd:Q18130478) using the property "position held" (wdt:P39). This might help me find his entity ID.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| person                                | personLabel                  |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Heinz Bierbaum (wd:Q1000800)          | Heinz Bierbaum (en)          |
| Nikolaus Boßmann (wd:Q100975269)      | Nikolaus Boßmann (en)        |
| Richard Klein (wd:Q100975275)         | Richard Klein (en)           |
| Alois Martin Litz (wd:Q100975285)     | Alois Martin Litz (en)       |
| Klaus Loth (wd:Q100975289)            | Klaus Loth (en)              |
| Herbert Meder (wd:Q100975301)         | Herbert Meder (en)           |
| Rudolf Reis (wd:Q100977451)           | Rudolf Reis (en)             |
| Walter Therre (wd:Q100982677)         | Walter Therre (en)           |
| Klaus Meiser (wd:Q101293)             | Klaus Meiser (en)            |
| Carmen Lallemand-Sauder (wd:Q1043670) | Carmen Lallemand-Sauder (en) |

[Assistant] The query to find people who held the position "member of the Landtag of Saarland" (wd:Q18130478) did not return Oskar Lafontaine. I will try to find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine by searching for "Oskar Lafontaine" with the filter for humans (instance of human).

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] There are no entities with the exact English label "Oskar Lafontaine" and instance of human in Wikidata. I will try to find the entity by searching for entities with the label "Lafontaine" and filter for humans who are politicians. Then I will check if any of them is Oskar Lafontaine.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| person                                | personLabel                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| wd:Q110719                            |                            |
| wd:Q110719                            |                            |
| wd:Q110719                            |                            |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |

[Assistant] The search for humans who are politicians with the label containing "Lafontaine" did not return Oskar Lafontaine. I will try to find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine by searching for entities with the label "Oskar" and then filter for humans who are politicians with the family name "Lafontaine."

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant] The query to find Oskar Lafontaine by filtering for humans with the first name "Oskar" and family name "Lafontaine" timed out. I will try a simpler approach by searching for entities with the label "Oskar Lafontaine" without filtering for humans or politicians and then manually check if any of them is the correct person.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. attempted assassination of Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q124305001)
2. Oscar I of Sweden, also known as Oscar I, Oskar, Oskar I (wd:Q52926): King of Sweden and Norway between 1844-1859, composer, monarch
3. Unsinkable Sam, also known as Oscar, Oskar (wd:Q893453): nickname of an alleged German ship's cat, ship's cat
4. Oskar Davičo, also known as Davičo, Oskar (wd:Q782418): Serbian writer (1909–1989), political commissar, journalist, writer, poet
5. Oskar, also known as Oskar (first name), Oskar (given name) (wd:Q18145769): male given name
6. Oskar (wd:Q12330497): 1962 film by Gabriel Axel
7. Lafontaine, also known as Lafontaine, KS, Lafontaine, Kansas (wd:Q16893891): human settlement in United States of America
8. Pierre Joseph Lafontaine, also known as M. Lafonteyne, M. La Fontaine, M. Lafontaine, M. De La Fontaine, Lafontene (wd:Q3385620): Belgian painter (1758-1835), art collector, painter
9. Lafontaine, also known as LaFontaine (wd:Q18043422): family name
10. LaFontaine (wd:Q3206243): provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada

[Assistant]
I could not find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine directly in Wikidata. Since the entity for the position "member of the Landtag of Saarland" is wd:Q18130478, I will try to find the number of times a person held this position by counting the statements with this position held. However, without the entity for Oskar Lafontaine, I cannot answer the question precisely.

I will cancel the process and explain that the entity for Oskar Lafontaine could not be found in Wikidata, so I cannot determine how many times he was elected as a member of the Landtag of Saarland.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The system failed to find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine, which is a crucial step to answer the question. However, Oskar Lafontaine is a well-known politician and should have an entity in Wikidata. The system should try alternative approaches to find the correct entity, such as searching by label with language filters or checking for common aliases. Once the entity is found, the system can query for his membership in the Landtag of Saarland and count the number of times he was elected. The failure to find the entity indicates that the initial entity search strategy was insufficient and should be improved before attempting the main query.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I will improve the search for the entity of Oskar Lafontaine by trying alternative approaches:

1. Search for the label "Oskar Lafontaine" with language filters to find entities with this label in any language.
2. Search for aliases of entities that might include "Oskar Lafontaine."
3. Search for entities with the family name "Lafontaine" and the given name "Oskar" separately and combine the results.
4. Search for entities with the occupation "politician" and the name "Oskar Lafontaine."

I will start by searching for entities with the label "Oskar Lafontaine" in any language.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant] The query to find entities with the label "Oskar Lafontaine" timed out. I will try a different approach by searching for entities with the alias "Oskar Lafontaine" in any language.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant] The query to find entities with the alias "Oskar Lafontaine" also timed out. I will try a simpler approach by searching for entities with the label containing "Lafontaine" and filter for humans who are politicians. Then I will check if any of them has the given name "Oskar."

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                | personLabel                | givenNameLabel |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------- |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) | Raymond (en)   |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) | Raymond (en)   |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) | Raymond (en)   |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) | Raymond (en)   |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) | Raymond (en)   |
| ...                                   | ...                        | ...            |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    | Georges (en)   |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    | Georges (en)   |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    | Georges (en)   |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    | Georges (en)   |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    | Georges (en)   |

[Assistant]
The search for humans who are politicians with the family name "Lafontaine" did not return anyone with the given name "Oskar." I will try to search for entities with the given name "Oskar" and the family name "Lafontaine" separately and combine the results.

First, I will search for entities with the given name "Oskar."

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                               | personLabel                  |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Oskar Barth (wd:Q100165484)          | Oskar Barth (en)             |
| Oskar Tauber (wd:Q100244556)        | Oskar Tauber (en)           |
| Oskar Magnusson (wd:Q100251345)      | Oskar Magnusson (en)         |
| Prince Oskar of Prussia (wd:Q100307) | Prince Oskar of Prussia (en) |
| Oskar Ljungquist (wd:Q100315282)     | Oskar Ljungquist (en)        |
| ...                                  | ...                          |
| Oskar G Jenni (wd:Q100764537)        | Oskar G Jenni (en)           |
| Oskar Reinfelds (wd:Q100910993)      | Oskar Reinfelds (en)         |
| Oskar Speck (wd:Q100961)             | Oskar Speck (en)             |
| Oskar Reif (wd:Q100977836)           | Oskar Reif (en)              |
| Oskar Ehm (wd:Q100989372)            | Oskar Ehm (en)               |

[Assistant] Now I will search for entities with the family name "Lafontaine."

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                             | personLabel                             |
| -------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| François Surprenant dit Lafontaine (wd:Q101989538) | François Surprenant dit Lafontaine (en) |
| Louis Lafontaine (wd:Q105099472)                   | Louis Lafontaine (en)                   |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378)              | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en)              |
| Marie-Pier Lafontaine (wd:Q106720977)              | Marie-Pier Lafontaine (en)              |
| wd:Q110719                                         |                                         |
| ...                                                | ...                                     |
| Yves Lafontaine (wd:Q1334074)                      | Yves Lafontaine (en)                    |
| Fritz Lafontaine (wd:Q1353410)                     | Fritz Lafontaine (en)                   |
| Paul Lafontaine (wd:Q16439635)                     | Paul Lafontaine (en)                    |
| Paul Émile-Lafontaine (wd:Q18043421)               | Paul Émile-Lafontaine (en)              |
| Jacqueline Lafontaine-Dosogne (wd:Q19753936)       | Jacqueline Lafontaine-Dosogne (en)      |

[Assistant] I found entities with the given name "Oskar" and entities with the family name "Lafontaine," but none of the entities with the family name "Lafontaine" have the given name "Oskar" in the results. I will try to search for entities with the label "Oskar Lafontaine" in German (de) language, as he is a German politician.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant] The query to find entities with the label "Oskar Lafontaine" in German also timed out. I will try a different approach by searching for entities with the alias "Oskar Lafontaine" in German.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There are no entities with the alias "Oskar Lafontaine" in German. I will try to find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine by searching for entities with the occupation "politician" and the label containing "Oskar" and "Lafontaine" separately, then combine the results.

I will start by searching for entities with the occupation "politician" and the label containing "Oskar."

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                             | personLabel               |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| ...                                | ...                       |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |
| Felix Oskar Hänichen (wd:Q1001149) | Felix Oskar Hänichen (en) |

[Assistant] I found entities with the occupation "politician" and the label containing "Oskar," but none of them is Oskar Lafontaine. I will now search for entities with the occupation "politician" and the label containing "Lafontaine."

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                | personLabel                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| Raymond M. LaFontaine (wd:Q105318378) | Raymond M. LaFontaine (en) |
| ...                                   | ...                        |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |
| Georges Lafontaine (wd:Q3103007)      | Georges Lafontaine (en)    |

[Assistant]
I could not find the entity for Oskar Lafontaine by searching for politicians with the label containing "Oskar" or "Lafontaine." I will try a different approach by searching for the entity "Oskar Lafontaine" using the Wikidata entity ID prefix "wd:Q" and checking if it exists.

I will try to get the entity by the known Wikidata ID for Oskar Lafontaine, which is wd:Q123456 (this is a placeholder, I will verify if this ID exists).

[Tool] True

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q123456 exists, but I need to verify if this is the correct entity for Oskar Lafontaine. I will query the label of wd:Q123456 to check if it matches "Oskar Lafontaine."

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label                |
| -------------------- |
| Friedrichshafen (en) |

[Assistant]
The entity wd:Q123456 corresponds to "Friedrichshafen," not Oskar Lafontaine. I will try to find the correct Wikidata entity ID for Oskar Lafontaine by searching for "Oskar Lafontaine" in the Wikidata search engine externally or by trying a different approach.

Since the direct search attempts failed, I will try to find the entity by searching for the property "position held" (wdt:P39) with the value "Federal Minister of Finance of Germany" or "Minister-President of Saarland," positions that Oskar Lafontaine is known to have held, and then check the person holding these positions. This might help me find his entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Federal Minister of Finance, also known as finance minister (Germany) (wd:Q22575092): Cabinet position in Germany
2. Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany, also known as Bundesminister für besondere Aufgaben (wd:Q518564): Minister in the government of Germany without particular portfolio
3. finance minister, also known as minister of finance, secretary of the treasury, treasury secretary (wd:Q7614320): position in a government responsible for economic and financial policies
4. Minister of Finance, also known as finance minister in india, finance minister of india, Minister of Finance of India (wd:Q1416501): Indian minister
5. Minister of Finance, also known as Minister of Finance of Japan (wd:Q6500849): Japanese minister
6. Minister of Finance, also known as Minister for Finance (Finland), finansminister, valtiovarainministeri, Minister of Finance of Finland (wd:Q2367542): cabinet minister of Finland
7. Minister of Finance of Nigeria, also known as Finance Minister of Nigeria, Minister of Finance (wd:Q5449550): Ministry
8. Grand Minister of Agriculture, also known as Chamberlain for the National Treasury, Da Sinong, Minister of Finance (wd:Q10934129): high-ranking official of ancient China
9. Minister of Finance, also known as Estonian Minister of Finance, Minister of Finance of Estonia (wd:Q21103025): Estonian finance minister
10. Minister of Finance (wd:Q104855090)

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| person                         | personLabel             |
| ------------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| wd:Q110719                     |                         |
| Wolfgang Schäuble (wd:Q16019)  | Wolfgang Schäuble (en)  |
| Rolf Dahlgrün (wd:Q215094)     | Rolf Dahlgrün (en)      |
| Helmut Schmidt (wd:Q2516)      | Helmut Schmidt (en)     |
| Franz Josef Strauß (wd:Q44620) | Franz Josef Strauß (en) |
| Peer Steinbrück (wd:Q49328)    | Peer Steinbrück (en)    |
| Jörg Kukies (wd:Q50807721)     | Jörg Kukies (en)        |
| Matthias Erzberger (wd:Q57755) | Matthias Erzberger (en) |
| Theo Waigel (wd:Q62077)        | Theo Waigel (en)        |
| wd:Q62180                      |                         |

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Minister-President of the Saarland, also known as Minister-President of Saarland (wd:Q31068298): head of government of the German state Saarland
2. Prime Minister of Egypt, also known as Minister-President of Egypt, President of the Government of Egypt (wd:Q1571396): position
3. flag of Saarland, also known as Saarland flag (wd:Q693717): flag of the German state of Saarland
4. Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q260372): Parliament of the German federal state of Saarland
5. Minister-President of Flanders, also known as Minister-President of the Flemish Government (wd:Q2746377): head of the Flemish government
6. Minister-President of Austria, also known as Minister-president of Austria, Minister-President of the Austrian Empire (wd:Q15902790): head of government of the Austrian Empire
7. Minister-President of Saxony-Anhalt (wd:Q30968305): head of government of the German state Saxony-Anhalt
8. Minister-President of Wallonia (wd:Q3100220): head of government of Wallonia
9. Minister-President of Bavaria (wd:Q15303555): head of government of the German state Bavaria
10. cuisine of Saarland, also known as food in Saarland, cuisine in Saarland, Saarland food, food of Saarland, Saarland cuisine (wd:Q2209226)

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| person                             | personLabel               |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Christiane Krajewski (wd:Q1082733) | Christiane Krajewski (en) |
| wd:Q110719                         |                           |
| Christoph Hartmann (wd:Q16213981)  | Christoph Hartmann (en)   |
| Kurt Conrad (wd:Q1793455)          | Kurt Conrad (en)          |
| Tobias Hans (wd:Q2437804)          | Tobias Hans (en)          |
| Reinhard Klimmt (wd:Q518645)       | Reinhard Klimmt (en)      |
| Anke Rehlinger (wd:Q556844)        | Anke Rehlinger (en)       |
| Peter Müller (wd:Q62333)           | Peter Müller (en)         |
| Johannes Hoffmann (wd:Q74242)      | Johannes Hoffmann (en)    |
| Franz-Josef Röder (wd:Q74438)      | Franz-Josef Röder (en)    |

[Assistant] The searches for Oskar Lafontaine using different approaches have not yielded his entity in Wikidata. However, I noticed some entities with the ID wd:Q110719 appearing multiple times without labels. I will check the label of wd:Q110719 to see if it corresponds to Oskar Lafontaine.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q110719 does not have an English label. I will check for a German label for this entity.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q110719 does not have a German label either. I will check for any label in any language for this entity.

[Tool]
Got 23 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| label                                    |
| ---------------------------------------- |
| Anscharius Lafontaine (la)               |
| Oskar Lafontaine (mul)                   |
| Όσκαρ Λαφοντέν (el)                      |
| Оскар Лафантэн (be)                      |
| Оскар Лафонтаине / Oskar Lafontaine (sr) |
| ...                                      |
| 奥斯卡·拉方丹 (zh-hans)                        |
| 奥斯卡·拉方丹 (zh-sg)                          |
| 奧斯卡·拉方丹 (zh-hant)                        |
| 奧斯卡·拉方丹 (zh-hk)                          |
| 奧斯卡·拉方丹 (zh-tw)                          |

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q110719 has the label "Oskar Lafontaine" in multiple languages. This is the correct entity for Oskar Lafontaine. Now I will query how many times Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q110719) was elected as a member of the Landtag of Saarland (position wd:Q18130478) using the property "position held" (wdt:P39).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 8 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the number of times Oskar Lafontaine (wd:Q110719) held the position of Member of the Landtag of Saarland (wd:Q18130478) by counting the relevant statements with property P39. The result of 8 matches the answer provided. The query follows the rules by returning the count as a numeric value and uses appropriate properties and entities. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?event ?eventLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q430 p:P793 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P793 ?event .
  ?event rdfs:label ?eventLabel
  FILTER ( LANG( ?eventLabel ) = "en" )
}

The significant event that happened to the dinosaurs (wd:Q430) is their extinction (wd:Q123509).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What happened to the dinosaurs ?

[Assistant] The question "What happened to the dinosaurs?" is asking for an explanation or event related to the fate of dinosaurs. In Wikidata, this is likely related to the extinction event of dinosaurs. I will start by searching for the entity "dinosaurs" to identify the relevant Wikidata item. Then, I will look for properties or statements related to their extinction or what happened to them.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. dinosaur, also known as dino, Dinosauria, dinosaurs (wd:Q430): clade of archosaurian reptiles (Archosauria)
2. Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977): television program
3. Dinosaurs, also known as Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up... for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages (wd:Q5186590): book by Thomas R. Holtz, Jr.
4. Dinosaurs (wd:Q18351859): 1987 novelette by Walter Jon Williams
5. Dinosaurs (wd:Q28419612): anthology of science fiction short works
6. Dinosaurs! (wd:Q28401115): 1990 anthology
7. Dinosaurs (wd:Q97359951): 2018 song by Australian musician Ruby Fields
8. Dinosaurs (wd:Q120970468): 2023 Indian Tamil-language action film by M. R. Madhavan
9. Dinosaurs (wd:Q58999596): scientific article published in Nature
10. Dinosaurs (wd:Q93927541): scholarly article authored by James Willis and published in British Journal of General Practice in 2007

[Assistant] The relevant entity for dinosaurs as a clade of archosaurian reptiles is wd:Q430. Now I will search for properties related to this entity that might describe what happened to them, such as extinction or cause of extinction. I will search for properties related to "extinction" or "fate" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. temporal range end, also known as geologic time frame end, geologic time range end (wd:P524 as p): the end of a process such as a geological unit or extinction of a life form relative to the geologic time scale, end time
2. parent taxon, also known as higher taxon, taxon parent (wd:P171 as p/wdt): closest parent taxon of the taxon in question, subclass of
3. taxon name, also known as correct name (ICNafp), Latin name of a taxon (deprecated), scientific name of a taxon, taxonomic name, valid name (ICZN) (wd:P225 as p/wdt): correct scientific name of a taxon (according to the reference given)
4. taxon rank, also known as taxonomic rank, type of taxon, rank (wd:P105 as p/wdt): level in a taxonomic hierarchy, instance of
5. different from, also known as not to be confused with, to be distinguished from, similar to, see also, rejected match (wd:P1889 as p/wdt): item that is different from another item, with which it may be confused
6. mode of reproduction, also known as mode of biological reproduction (wd:P13318 as p/wdt): ways for living organisms to propagate or produce their offsprings
7. this taxon is source of, also known as this taxon is the source of, this taxon is a source of, natural product, taxon is source of, secretes (wd:P1672 as p/wdt): links a taxon to natural products it produces. Note that it does...s may vary. Some products may be yielded by more than one taxon.
8. Paleobiology Database taxon ID, also known as PaleoBioDB ID, PaleoDB ID, PBDB ID (wd:P10907 as p/wdt): identifier for a fossil taxon in the Paleobiology Database
9. significant event, also known as significant occurrence, significant incident, significant achievment, sign. event, outcome (wd:P793 as p): significant or notable events associated with the subject
10. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "significant event" (wdt:P793) seems promising to describe what happened to the dinosaurs. I will query for significant events related to the entity dinosaur (wd:Q430) to see if the extinction event or similar events are mentioned.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] No significant events are directly linked to the dinosaur entity. I will try another approach by searching for the property "cause of extinction" or similar terms related to extinction for the dinosaur entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. this taxon is source of, also known as this taxon is the source of, this taxon is a source of, natural product, taxon is source of, secretes (wd:P1672 as p/wdt): links a taxon to natural products it produces. Note that it does...s may vary. Some products may be yielded by more than one taxon.
2. taxon rank, also known as taxonomic rank, type of taxon, rank (wd:P105 as p/wdt): level in a taxonomic hierarchy, instance of
3. mode of reproduction, also known as mode of biological reproduction (wd:P13318 as p/wdt): ways for living organisms to propagate or produce their offsprings
4. taxon name, also known as correct name (ICNafp), Latin name of a taxon (deprecated), scientific name of a taxon, taxonomic name, valid name (ICZN) (wd:P225 as p/wdt): correct scientific name of a taxon (according to the reference given)
5. temporal range end, also known as geologic time frame end, geologic time range end (wd:P524 as p): the end of a process such as a geological unit or extinction of a life form relative to the geologic time scale, end time
6. parent taxon, also known as higher taxon, taxon parent (wd:P171 as p/wdt): closest parent taxon of the taxon in question, subclass of
7. taxon common name, also known as common name, taxon vernacular name, TCN, vernacular name (wd:P1843 as p/wdt): common or vernacular name of a biological taxon, name
8. Paleobiology Database taxon ID, also known as PaleoBioDB ID, PaleoDB ID, PBDB ID (wd:P10907 as p/wdt): identifier for a fossil taxon in the Paleobiology Database
9. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
10. significant event, also known as significant occurrence, significant incident, significant achievment, sign. event, outcome (wd:P793 as p): significant or notable events associated with the subject

No other items found

[Assistant] There is no direct property for "cause of extinction" for the dinosaur entity. However, the property "temporal range end" (wdt:P524) might indicate the end of the dinosaur's existence in the geological time scale, which is related to their extinction. I will query for the temporal range end of dinosaurs to see when they went extinct.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] There is no direct value for the temporal range end for the dinosaur entity either. I will try a different approach by searching for the entity "extinction of dinosaurs" to see if there is a specific event or item describing what happened to the dinosaurs.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The extinction of the dinosaurs (wd:Q35213706): scientific article
2. Extinction of dinosaurs: a possible novel cause (wd:Q47205659): scientific article published in March 1995
3. The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs (wd:Q113367229): 1st edition of the written work by David E. Fastovsky and David B. Weishampel
4. The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs (wd:Q113367168): 2nd edition of the written work by David E. Fastovsky and David B. Weishampel
5. The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs (wd:Q113367165): written work by David E. Fastovsky and David B. Weishampel
6. The evolution and extinction of the dinosaurs (wd:Q56919451): scientific article published in 1996
7. The Enigma of the Extinction of the Dinosaurs (wd:Q110251147): scholarly article
8. Supernovae and the extinction of the dinosaurs, also known as Supernovae and the Extinction of the Dinosaurs (wd:Q33220740): scholarly article published in February 1971
9. Changes of Mesozoic vegetation and the extinction of dinosaurs (wd:Q124843700): scientific article published in 1981
10. The Extinction of the Dinosaurs in North America (wd:Q56047675)

[Assistant] There is an entity "The extinction of the dinosaurs" (wd:Q35213706) which seems to directly address what happened to the dinosaurs. I will now check if this entity is linked to the dinosaur entity (wd:Q430) by any property or if it has a description or statement that explains the extinction.

[Tool]
Got 959 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                                       | object                                                                      |
| ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | instance of (wdt:P31)                          | taxon (wd:Q16521)                                                           |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                    | Dinosauria                                                                  |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | image (wdt:P18)                                | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archaeopteryx%20NT.jpg> |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                         | animal (wd:Q729)                                                            |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | parent taxon (wdt:P171)                        | Dracohors (wd:Q52798775)                                                    |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | taxon name (wdt:P225)                          | Dinosauria                                                                  |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | taxon rank (wdt:P105)                          | superorder (wd:Q5868144)                                                    |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                | Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (wd:Q602358)                    |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008) | wd:Q5460604                                                                 |
| dinosaur (wd:Q430) | significant event (p:P793)                     | s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255                                 |
| ...                | ...                                            | ...                                                                         |

[Assistant] The dinosaur entity (wd:Q430) has a statement with the property "significant event" (p:P793) pointing to a statement node. I will explore this statement node to see if it relates to the extinction of dinosaurs.

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                     | property                    | object                  |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | significant event (ps:P793) | extinction (wd:Q123509) |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | scope note (pq:P9570)       | Q82363570 ਦੇਖੋ (pa)     |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | wikibase:rank               | wikibase:DeprecatedRank |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | rdf:type                    | wikibase:Statement      |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | pq:P2241                    | wd:Q113547919           |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | scope note (pq:P9570)       | See Q82363570 (en)      |
| s:Q430-7e7c98cd-4083-ef43-e613-dffc3158e255 | scope note (pq:P9570)       | دیکھو Q82363570 (pnb)   |

[Assistant] The significant event linked to dinosaurs is "extinction" (wd:Q123509). This confirms that what happened to the dinosaurs is their extinction. I will now provide a SPARQL query that returns this information along with the label of the event.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The answer correctly identifies the significant event associated with dinosaurs as their extinction, which is a well-known fact. The SPARQL query appropriately uses the property 'significant event' (P793) to find notable events related to dinosaurs (Q430). The query returns the event and its English label, fulfilling the requirement to provide the actual identifier and a human-readable label. The answer is concise, accurate, and complete for the question asked.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?band ?bandLabel ?inception WHERE {
  VALUES ?band {
    wd:Q15862 wd:Q2306
  }
  ?band wdt:P571 ?inception .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?band rdfs:label ?bandLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?bandLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY ?inception

Pink Floyd was created earlier in 1964, while Queen was created later in 1970.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] which band is created earlier, queen or pink floyd?

[Assistant]
To answer the question of which band was created earlier, Queen or Pink Floyd, I need to find the creation or formation dates of both bands.

Step 1: Identify the entities for the bands "Queen" and "Pink Floyd" in Wikidata.
Step 2: Find the property related to the formation or creation date of a band.
Step 3: Retrieve the formation dates for both bands.
Step 4: Compare the dates to determine which band was created earlier.

I will start by searching for the entities "Queen" and "Pink Floyd" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Phoolan Devi, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q465026): Indian bandit, politician (1963-2001), politician, brigand
2. Bandit Queen (wd:Q2762808): 1994 film by Shekhar Kapur
3. The Bandit Queen, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q7715524): 1950 film by William A. Berke
4. Bandit Queen (wd:Q4854625): British indie rock band
5. AB Queen (Band), also known as AB Queen, Jony boom, April yeo (wd:Q13026020)
6. Bandit, also known as Bandit Janthawan, Bandit (drag queen) (wd:Q124021547): costume designer, personal stylist, Thai drag queen, drag queen
7. Queen's Bands (wd:Q112135852): marching band of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario
8. Queen Alexandra Bandstand (wd:Q56194872): heritage-listed bandstand in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
9. Bandit Queen E.P. (wd:Q4854627): 1996 extended play by Muslimgauze
10. Għaqda Karmelitana, Banda ‘Queen Victoria’, also known as Banda ‘Queen Victoria’ (wd:Q126924438): Band in Żurrieq, Malta

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pink Floyd, also known as The Pink Floyd, The Pink Floyd Sound (wd:Q2306): English rock band
2. Pink Floyd, also known as Floyd Pinkerton (wd:Q3653015): character
3. Pink Floyd (wd:Q3388741): book by François Ducray
4. Rosa 'Pink Floyd', also known as Pink Floyd (wd:Q83670291): rose cultivar
5. Pink Floyd (wd:Q62068103): chapter, in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame’s eleventh annual induction dinner programme
6. Why Pink Floyd...? (wd:Q3512037): marketing campaign
7. Pink Floyd pigs, also known as Algie (wd:Q2269820): Staple prop used by English progressive/psychedelic rock band Pink Floyd during live shows
8. WikiProject Pink Floyd (wd:Q13341445): Wikimedia subject-area collaboration
9. Brain Damage, also known as Tributo Pink Floyd (wd:Q2923592): French rock band
10. Pink Floyd Revisited (wd:Q2309415): live album by Mostly Autumn

[Assistant] The entity for "Pink Floyd" is clearly identified as wd:Q2306 (English rock band). For "Queen," the search results did not directly show the famous band Queen. I will try a more specific query "Queen band rock" to find the correct entity for the band Queen.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. rock band, also known as rock music band, rock group, rock music group (wd:Q5741069): musical group playing rock music
2. Rock Band (wd:Q1195153): 2007 video game
3. Rock Band (wd:Q2323659): series of music video games
4. Rock Band (wd:Q7354280): 2009 video game
5. Band Rock (wd:Q49010609): mountain in Pennsylvania, United States of America
6. The Rock Queen, also known as Rock Queen (wd:Q56034514): documentary film
7. Rock Band, also known as xkcd 359 (wd:Q18613846): 359th strip of the webcomic xkcd
8. Rock Band (wd:Q131115226): scientific article published on 25 September 2009
9. Genesis, also known as Genesis Rock Band (wd:Q151012): English rock band
10. Phoolan Devi, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q465026): Indian bandit, politician (1963-2001), politician, brigand

[Assistant] The search for "Queen band rock" did not return the famous band Queen directly. I will try a more direct search for "Queen band" to find the correct entity for the band Queen.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Phoolan Devi, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q465026): Indian bandit, politician (1963-2001), politician, brigand
2. Bandit Queen (wd:Q2762808): 1994 film by Shekhar Kapur
3. The Bandit Queen, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q7715524): 1950 film by William A. Berke
4. Bandit Queen (wd:Q4854625): British indie rock band
5. AB Queen (Band), also known as AB Queen, Jony boom, April yeo (wd:Q13026020)
6. Bandit, also known as Bandit Janthawan, Bandit (drag queen) (wd:Q124021547): costume designer, personal stylist, Thai drag queen, drag queen
7. Queen's Bands (wd:Q112135852): marching band of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario
8. Queen Alexandra Bandstand (wd:Q56194872): heritage-listed bandstand in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
9. Bandit Queen E.P. (wd:Q4854627): 1996 extended play by Muslimgauze
10. Għaqda Karmelitana, Banda ‘Queen Victoria’, also known as Banda ‘Queen Victoria’ (wd:Q126924438): Band in Żurrieq, Malta

[Assistant] The search results for "Queen band" still do not show the famous band Queen directly. I will try searching for "Queen rock band" to find the correct entity for the band Queen.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. rock band, also known as rock music band, rock group, rock music group (wd:Q5741069): musical group playing rock music
2. Rock Band (wd:Q1195153): 2007 video game
3. Rock Band (wd:Q2323659): series of music video games
4. Rock Band (wd:Q7354280): 2009 video game
5. Band Rock (wd:Q49010609): mountain in Pennsylvania, United States of America
6. The Rock Queen, also known as Rock Queen (wd:Q56034514): documentary film
7. Rock Band, also known as xkcd 359 (wd:Q18613846): 359th strip of the webcomic xkcd
8. Rock Band (wd:Q131115226): scientific article published on 25 September 2009
9. Genesis, also known as Genesis Rock Band (wd:Q151012): English rock band
10. Phoolan Devi, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q465026): Indian bandit, politician (1963-2001), politician, brigand

[Assistant] The searches for "Queen band," "Queen band rock," and "Queen rock band" did not return the famous band Queen directly. I will try searching for "Queen band music" to find the correct entity for the band Queen.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. musical group, also known as band, music group, music band, musical project, musical band (wd:Q215380): musical ensemble which performs music
2. musical group, also known as band, group, musical band, music group, musical project (wd:Q215380): musical ensemble which performs music
3. band, also known as musical band, music band (wd:Q127334927): type of musical group, mainly in rock and pop
4. band music, also known as ensemble music (wd:Q110374011): musical genre featuring symphonic music performed by brass bands or similar instrumental ensembles
5. Phoolan Devi, also known as Bandit Queen (wd:Q465026): Indian bandit, politician (1963-2001), politician, brigand
6. Bandit Queen (wd:Q2762808): 1994 film by Shekhar Kapur
7. military music, also known as martial music, military band music (wd:Q6774721): music intended for use in military settings performed by professional soldiers
8. rock band, also known as rock music band, rock group, rock music group (wd:Q5741069): musical group playing rock music
9. wind music, also known as brass instrument music, woodwind music, wind instrument music, wind ensemble music, brass & woodwinds (wd:Q28856774): music written for wind instruments, including brass or woodwinds
10. banda music, also known as banda, banda sinaloense, tambora (wd:Q2812726): music genre, style of Mexican music heavy on brass and percussion

[Assistant]
The searches for "Queen band" and related queries did not directly return the famous band Queen entity. I will try a different approach by searching for the property related to the formation or creation date of a band and then use it to find the formation dates of Pink Floyd and Queen.

I will search for the property related to the formation date of a band in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
2. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
3. military branch, also known as unit branch, service branch, formation, branch (wd:P241 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): branch to which this military unit, award, office, or person belongs, e.g. Royal Navy, part of
4. date of incorporation, also known as date incorporated, incorporated, incorporated on date, incorporation date, year incorporated (wd:P10786 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): date when company, organization or city was incorporated
5. made from material, also known as material used, manufactured out of, manufactured from, made of material, made of (wd:P186 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): material the subject or the object is made of or derived from (do not confuse with P10672 which is used for processes), uses
6. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
7. introduced on, also known as bill introduced on, introduction date, introduced date (wd:P9448 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): date when a bill was introduced into a legislature, inception
8. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
9. date depicted, also known as depicted date, temporal coverage, shown as at date, depicts date, depicted time (wd:P2913 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): date represented in a work (for narrative works use P2408)
10. announcement date, also known as released, date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published (wd:P6949 as pqv/prv/p/wdt/pr/psn/psv/prn/pqn/wdtn/ps/pq): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, point in time

[Assistant]
The property "inception" (wdt:P571) is used to indicate the time when an entity begins to exist and can be used as the formation date for bands.

I have the entity for Pink Floyd as wd:Q2306 and I need to find the entity for Queen. Since the direct search for Queen band did not yield the famous band, I will try to find the entity for Queen by searching for "Queen" and filtering for musical groups or bands.

I will search for the entity "Queen" now.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Queen (wd:Q15862): British musical group; rock band
2. queen, also known as ♕, ♛, lady, Q (wd:Q139): chess piece, able to move any number of squares vertically, horizontally or diagonally
3. Queen (wd:Q193490): 1973 debut studio album by Queen
4. queen (wd:Q16511993): class of female monarch
5. The Queen, also known as Queen (wd:Q223367): 2006 film directed by Stephen Frears
6. Khatun, also known as queen consort, queen, khatan, khaness, kadin (wd:Q2272188): Title of nobility in Mongolia, Turkey, and related cultures for female khans, typically the wife of a khan, emperor, or king
7. Khatun, also known as queen consort, consort, hatun, queen, kadin (wd:Q2272188): Title of nobility in Mongolia, Turkey, and related cultures for female khans, typically the wife of a khan, emperor, or king
8. queen regnant, also known as female monarch, queen (wd:Q19643): female monarch who rules a country in her own right
9. queen (wd:Q505744): playing card
10. Queen (wd:Q15907466): 2014 film directed by Vikas Bahl

[Assistant]
The entity for the band Queen is wd:Q15862 (British musical group; rock band).

Now I have the entities for both bands:
- Queen: wd:Q15862
- Pink Floyd: wd:Q2306

Next, I will retrieve the inception (formation) dates for both bands using the property wdt:P571.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| band                  | bandLabel       | inception                           |
| --------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Pink Floyd (wd:Q2306) | Pink Floyd (en) | 1964-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Queen (wd:Q15862)     | Queen (en)      | 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the inception dates of both bands, Queen and Pink Floyd, and orders them by their inception date. The answer correctly states that Pink Floyd was created earlier in 1964, and Queen was created later in 1970. The query uses appropriate properties and entities, and the execution result matches the answer. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?coordinate WHERE {
  wd:Q15174 wdt:P625 ?coordinate .
}

The coordinate location of Shenzhen (wd:Q15174) is POINT(114.054000 22.535000).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the coordinate location of Shenzhen ?

[Assistant] To answer the question about the coordinate location of Shenzhen, I need to identify the entity for Shenzhen in the knowledge graph and then find the property that represents its coordinate location. I will start by searching for the entity "Shenzhen" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Shenzhen, also known as Sham Chun (wd:Q15174): Sub-provincial division in China
2. Shenzhen (wd:Q2278115): graphic novel by the Canadian Québécois author Guy Delisle
3. Zhao Shenzhen, also known as Zunlu, Zhulou, Yuchao, Shengkanyanshi, Wenke (wd:Q15929422): Qing dynasty politician, politician
4. Shenzhen (wd:Q132803992): journal article from 'Cities' published in 2003
5. Shenzhen (wd:Q58926455): scientific article published in Nature
6. Shenzhen (wd:L453047-F1)
7. Shenzhen (wd:L453047)
8. Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, also known as Shenzhen-Bao'an, SZX, ZGSZ (wd:Q842297): international airport in Shenzhen, China
9. Shenzhen Metro (wd:Q867680): rapid transit network in Shenzhen, China
10. Shenzhen Airlines, also known as Shenzhen Air (wd:Q974899): airline headquartered in Bao'an, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China and based in Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport

[Assistant] The entity "Shenzhen" as a sub-provincial division in China is identified with the Wikidata ID wd:Q15174. Next, I will look for the property that represents the coordinate location for this entity. Typically, the coordinate location property in Wikidata is "coordinate location" (P625). I will check if this property is associated with Shenzhen (wd:Q15174).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject              | property                       | object                                       |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- |
| Shenzhen (wd:Q15174) | coordinate location (wdt:P625) | POINT(114.054000 22.535000) (geo:wktLiteral) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the coordinate location of Shenzhen using the property P625 (coordinate location). The query returns the expected geocoordinate in WKT format, which matches the answer provided. The query is concise, uses the correct entity and property, and the result is accurate and complete. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( AVG( ?numSpouses ) AS ?averageSpouses ) WHERE {
  SELECT ?headOfState ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?spouse ) AS ?numSpouses ) WHERE {
    ?headOfState wdt:P39 wd:Q48352 .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?headOfState wdt:P26 ?spouse .
    }
  }
  GROUP BY ?headOfState
}

The average number of spouses that heads of state have is approximately 0.22.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many spouses do head of states have on average?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "How many spouses do head of states have on average?" we need to:

1. Identify the entity or class for "head of state" in Wikidata.
2. Identify the property that links a person to their spouse(s).
3. Retrieve the number of spouses for each head of state.
4. Calculate the average number of spouses for all heads of state.

Step 1: Search for the entity "head of state" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. head of state (wd:Q48352): official who holds the highest-ranked executive position in a sovereign state
2. Head of State (wd:Q1592282): 2003 American comedy film by Chris Rock
3. Head of State (wd:Q65225964): 2016 Armenian film
4. Başkan, also known as chairman, head of state, mayor, president (wd:Q60982271): Elected administrative position
5. Head of state (wd:Q116754472): scientific article published on 7 May 2002
6. Head of State (wd:Q114498865): episode of The Wayans Bros. (S2 E8)
7. Head of State (wd:Q74408294): episode of the 2003–2009 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles animated television series
8. head of state (wd:L383741-S1)
9. head of state, also known as leader, state headed by, queen, president, monarch (wd:P35): official with the highest formal authority in a country/state
10. office held by head of state, also known as head of state, position held by head of state, state headed by (wd:P1906): political office that is fulfilled by the head of state of this item

[Assistant]
The entity "head of state" is wd:Q48352, which represents an official who holds the highest-ranked executive position in a sovereign state.

Next, I need to identify the property that links a person to their spouse(s). I will search for properties related to "spouse" to find the appropriate property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. unmarried partner, also known as romantic partner, partner of, partners, posslq, relationship (wd:P451 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples, significant person
4. married name, also known as full name (married) (wd:P2562 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage, name
5. place of marriage, also known as marriage location, wedding location, wed at, married in, married at (wd:P2842 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): location where the marriage was celebrated. Use as qualifier for property "spouse" (P26), significant place
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. connects with, also known as contacts, couples with, intersects at grade, links to, mates with (wd:P2789 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): item with which the item is physically connected, physically interacts with
8. companion of, also known as has astronomical companion, has companion, companion, astronomic companion of, astronomic companion (wd:P399 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): two or more astronomic bodies of the same type relating to each other
9. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time
10. relation (wd:P2309 as pqn/ps/psv/p/pq/psn/prv/prn/pqv/pr/wdtn/wdt): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...h the property "relative" is "type of kinship" (P1039), not this

[Assistant]
The property "spouse" is wd:P26, which links a person to their spouse(s).

Next, I will write a SPARQL query to find the number of spouses for each head of state and calculate the average number of spouses. I will start by retrieving heads of state and their spouses.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| headOfState                              | numSpouses  |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------- |
| Pig mayor (wd:Q113111756)                | 0 (xsd:int) |
| monarch (wd:Q116)                        | 0 (xsd:int) |
| Nakelli (wd:Q119723229)                  | 0 (xsd:int) |
| wd:Q124726290                            | 0 (xsd:int) |
| Ijinasi (wd:Q12612819)                   | 0 (xsd:int) |
| Platinum Dragon Lord (wd:Q127947277)     | 0 (xsd:int) |
| Etazeta of Bithynia (wd:Q1289132)        | 1 (xsd:int) |
| Bijoy Chand Mahtab (wd:Q15996467)        | 0 (xsd:int) |
| Jean-François Rewbell (wd:Q1685535)      | 1 (xsd:int) |
| José Santos Díaz del Valle (wd:Q1709636) | 0 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] The query results show some heads of state with 0 or 1 spouse, but the sample is limited to 10. Now, I will modify the query to calculate the average number of spouses for all heads of state.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| averageSpouses         |
| ---------------------- |
| 0.222222 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly calculates the average number of spouses for individuals who have held the position of head of state. It uses the property for spouse (wdt:P26) and counts distinct spouses per head of state, then averages these counts. The query is well-formed and the result (approximately 0.22) is reasonable. The answer is clear and directly addresses the user's question. No further refinement is necessary.