PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( AVG( ?spouseCount ) AS ?averageSpouses ) WHERE {
  {
    SELECT ?person ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?spouse ) AS ?spouseCount ) WHERE {
      ?person wdt:P39 wd:Q48352 .
      OPTIONAL {
        ?person wdt:P26 ?spouse
      }
    }
    GROUP BY ?person
  }
}

On average, heads of state have about 0.26 spouses listed in Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many spouses do head of states have on average?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify all "head of state" entities.
2. For each head of state, we need to find their spouses.
3. We need to calculate the average number of spouses per head of state.

First, let's search for the entity representing "head of state" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. head of state (wd:Q48352): official who holds the highest-ranked executive position in a sovereign state
2. Head of State (wd:Q1592282): 2003 American comedy film by Chris Rock
3. Head of State (wd:Q65225964): 2016 Armenian film
4. Başkan, also known as chairman, head of state, mayor, president (wd:Q60982271): Elected administrative position
5. Head of state (wd:Q116754472): scientific article published on 7 May 2002
6. Head of State (wd:Q114498865): episode of The Wayans Bros. (S2 E8)
7. Head of State (wd:Q74408294): episode of the 2003–2009 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles animated television series
8. head of state (wd:L383741-S1)
9. head of state, also known as leader, state headed by, queen, president, monarch (wd:P35): official with the highest formal authority in a country/state
10. office held by head of state, also known as head of state, position held by head of state, state headed by (wd:P1906): political office that is fulfilled by the head of state of this item

[Assistant]
The relevant entity for "head of state" as a position is wd:Q48352.

Next, we need to find people who have held the position of "head of state". Typically, this is modeled in Wikidata using the property "position held" (P39).

Let's verify that P39 is the correct property for "position held".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
2. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): persons who hold and/or held the position
3. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): position or specialism of a player on a team
4. expression, gesture or body pose, also known as action, expression, facial expression, gesture, movement (wd:P6022 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): qualifier on "depicts" (P180) for human position of an individual in an artwork
5. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
6. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
7. term length of position, also known as term length, time in position, term of position, position term, length of term (wd:P2097 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): length of time in years (unit: Q577) a person (usually a politician) is to serve in a particular position. Do not add bounds., duration
8. office contested, also known as contested office, contested position, position contested (wd:P541 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): title of office which election will determine the next holder of
9. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): position of the head of this item
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant]
The property "position held" (wdt:P39) is correct for finding people who have held the position of "head of state" (wd:Q48352).

Next, we need to find the property for "spouse". Let's search for the property "spouse" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. unmarried partner, also known as romantic partner, partner of, partners, posslq, relationship (wd:P451 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples, significant person
4. married name, also known as full name (married) (wd:P2562 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage, name
5. place of marriage, also known as marriage location, wedding location, wed at, married in, married at (wd:P2842 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): location where the marriage was celebrated. Use as qualifier for property "spouse" (P26), significant place
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. connects with, also known as contacts, couples with, intersects at grade, links to, mates with (wd:P2789 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): item with which the item is physically connected, physically interacts with
8. companion of, also known as has astronomical companion, has companion, companion, astronomic companion of, astronomic companion (wd:P399 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): two or more astronomic bodies of the same type relating to each other
9. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time
10. relation (wd:P2309 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...h the property "relative" is "type of kinship" (P1039), not this

[Assistant]
The property for "spouse" is wdt:P26.

Now, to answer the question, we need to:
- Select all people who have held the position of "head of state" (wd:Q48352) via wdt:P39.
- For each, count the number of spouses (wdt:P26).
- Calculate the average number of spouses per head of state.

Let's construct a SPARQL query that:
1. Finds all people who have held the position of head of state.
2. Counts the number of spouses for each.
3. Calculates the average.

I'll write the query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?averageSpouses |
| --------------- |
| 0.263158        |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?animal WHERE {
  wd:Q599644 wdt:P156 ?animal
}

The Chinese zodiac animal that follows the ox is the tiger (wd:Q740762).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the Chinese zodiac animal that follows the ox?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Chinese zodiac".
2. Then, find the entity for "ox" within the Chinese zodiac context.
3. Next, determine the property that indicates the order or sequence of animals in the Chinese zodiac.
4. Finally, find the animal that comes after the ox in this sequence.

I'll start by searching for the entity "Chinese zodiac".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chinese zodiac, also known as Celestial Branches, Earthly Branches (wd:Q1976204): lunar calendar classification, assigning a symbolic animal and i... year for a repeating cycle of twelve forming the Earthly Branch
2. Chinese Zodiac, also known as CZ12 (wd:Q391143): 2012 film directed by Jackie Chan
3. 12 Chinese Zodiac Signs (wd:Q108781655): 1995 animated series
4. Panel with Chinese Zodiac (wd:Q78712547): painting by anonymous painter
5. goat (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116276-S2)
6. horse (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116275-S2)
7. dragon (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116273-S2)
8. dog (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L293489-S2)
9. Dog (Chinese zodiac sign) (wd:L363339-S2)
10. rabbit (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116272-S2)

[Assistant] The main entity for the Chinese zodiac is wd:Q1976204. Next, I need to identify the entity for "ox" as a Chinese zodiac animal. I'll search for "ox Chinese zodiac".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. ox (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116270-S2)
2. Chinese zodiac, also known as Celestial Branches, Earthly Branches (wd:Q1976204): lunar calendar classification, assigning a symbolic animal and i... year for a repeating cycle of twelve forming the Earthly Branch
3. Ox, also known as Ox (zodiac) (wd:Q599644): 2nd sign of Chinese zodiac
4. Chinese Zodiac, also known as CZ12 (wd:Q391143): 2012 film directed by Jackie Chan
5. 12 Chinese Zodiac Signs (wd:Q108781655): 1995 animated series
6. Ox in Chinese mythology (wd:Q16242069)
7. Panel with Chinese Zodiac (wd:Q78712547): painting by anonymous painter
8. Zodiac Aerospace (United Kingdom), also known as Zodiac Oxygen Systems, Icore International Ltd (wd:Q28971327): UK business
9. Zodiac Aerospace (United States), also known as Zodiac Oxygen Systems (wd:Q28971326)
10. goat (Chinese zodiac animal) (wd:L1116276-S2)

[Assistant]
There are two relevant entities for the ox in the Chinese zodiac: wd:L1116270-S2 and wd:Q599644. The latter, wd:Q599644, is described as the 2nd sign of the Chinese zodiac and seems more appropriate for use in a SPARQL query.

Now, I need to find the property that indicates the order or sequence of animals in the Chinese zodiac. I'll search for properties related to "order" or "follows" in the context of the Chinese zodiac.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. based on, also known as modelled after, inspired by, iteration of, modeled after, fork of (wd:P144 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074, references work, tradition or theory, inspired by
2. follows, also known as prev, successor to, succeeds to, succeeds, split from (wd:P155 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a par... preceding item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)]
3. followed by, also known as continued as, then, successor, succeeded by, sequel is (wd:P156 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): immediately following item in a series of which the subject is a...een replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)]
4. number of subscribers, also known as number of followers, subscriptions, subscription count, subscribers, subscriber number (wd:P3744 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): number of subscribers for subscription-based companies, e.g. tel...unication companies, newspapers, pay-TV channels, software, etc.
5. social media followers, also known as number of subs, number of subscribers, sub count, sub number, subscriber number (wd:P8687 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): number of subscribers on a particular social media website (use ... in time" and property for account. For Twitter, use numeric id.
6. perpetrator, also known as robber, perpetrators, perpetrated by, perp, offender (wd:P8031 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): person or organization who carried out this harmful, illegal, or immoral act, participant
7. follower of (wd:P1775 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): for unknown artists who work in the manner of the named artist, significant person
8. lifestyle, also known as diet, follows lifestyle, has lifestyle, life style (wd:P1576 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): typical way of life of an individual, group, or culture
9. has effect, also known as has symptom, implies, leads to, led to, outcome (wd:P1542 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): effect of this item, followed by
10. replaces, also known as supersedes, succeeds, replaced, previous job holder, preceded by (wd:P1365 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): person, state or item replaced. Use "structure replaces" (P1398)...item was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical, follows

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties for sequence are:
- "follows" (wd:P155): immediately prior item in a series.
- "followed by" (wd:P156): immediately following item in a series.

Since we want the animal that comes after the ox, we should use "followed by" (wd:P156).

Now, let's check if the ox (wd:Q599644) has a "followed by" property, and what entity it points to.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject         | property               | object             |
| --------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------ |
| Ox (wd:Q599644) | followed by (wdt:P156) | Tiger (wd:Q740762) |

[Tool]
Got 202 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                    | object                                                                            |
| ------------------ | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | instance of (wdt:P31)       | animal from the Chinese zodiac (wd:Q79226802)                                     |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | Commons category (wdt:P373) | Tiger (zodiac)                                                                    |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | image (wdt:P18)             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OMBRE%20CHINOISE%20TIGRE.jpg> |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | part of (wdt:P361)          | Chinese zodiac (wd:Q1976204)                                                      |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | follows (wdt:P155)          | Ox (wd:Q599644)                                                                   |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | followed by (wdt:P156)      | Rabbit (wd:Q844723)                                                               |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | opposite of (wdt:P461)      | Monkey (wd:Q740674)                                                               |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | compatible with (wdt:P8956) | Dog (wd:Q755126)                                                                  |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)      | /m/01pg6f                                                                         |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | NL CR AUT ID (wdt:P691)     | ph118156                                                                          |
| ...                | ...                         | ...                                                                               |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?animal            | ?animalLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------ |
| Tiger (wd:Q740762) | Tiger        |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?month ) AS ?winterMonthCount ) WHERE {
  wd:Q1311 p:P2922 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P2922 ?month .
  ?statement pq:P3005 wd:Q39061 .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?winterMonthCount |
| ----------------- |
| 3                 |

Winter in Germany consists of 3 months.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many months does winter consist of in Germany?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The question asks about the number of months that winter consists of in Germany.
2. We need to identify:
   - The entity for "winter" (likely a season).
   - The entity for "Germany" (the country).
   - The relationship between seasons and months, possibly via properties like "has part" or "duration".
   - Whether there is a specific definition of "winter" as it applies to Germany.

First, I will search for the entity "winter" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. winter, also known as winter season, wintertime season, wintertime (wd:Q1311): one of the Earth's four temperate seasons, occurring between autumn and spring
2. Winter, also known as Village of Winter, Winter, WI (wd:Q2671552): village in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States
3. Winter, also known as Kim Min-jeong (wd:Q101161289): South Korean singer (born 2001), pop singer
4. Cornelis Bloemaert, also known as Cornelis, II Bloemaert, Cornelis II Bloemaert, corn. blomaert, Cornelis Bloemaert II, Cornelis Bloemaert (II) (wd:Q518767): Dutch painter and engraver (1603–1692), draftsperson, printmaker, painter
5. Katarina Waters, also known as Katarina Leigh Waters, Winter (wd:Q242899): German-born English professional wrestler and professional wrestling valet, professional wrestler, film director, manager, actor
6. Winter (wd:Q82356): dolphin at the Clearwater Marine Aquarium in Clearwater, Florida
7. Winter, also known as Winter Egg (wd:Q4191977): 1913 Imperial Fabergé egg
8. Winter (wd:Q1485942): family name
9. Fritz Winter, also known as fritz winter, winter (wd:Q578152): German painter (1905-1976), painter
10. Winter (wd:Q8026201): town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "winter" as a season is wd:Q1311 ("winter, also known as winter season, wintertime season, wintertime"). Next, I need to determine how winter is defined in terms of months, and whether there is a specific definition for Germany.

I'll search for properties of the "winter" entity related to months or duration.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. month of the year, also known as month of year, month (wd:P2922 as wdt/p): month of the year during which this item occurs, applies to or is valid in, part of
2. event interval, also known as event frequency, frequency of event, interval, period (wd:P2257 as wdt/p): standard nominal interval between scheduled or regularly recurri...1/(event frequency). Time period of periodically occurring event
3. Freebase ID, also known as Freebase, MID, Freebase identifier, FID (wd:P646 as wdt/p): identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: "/m/0" f...r IDs starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
4. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, attested in
5. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
6. followed by, also known as continued as, then, successor, succeeded by, sequel is (wd:P156 as wdt/p): immediately following item in a series of which the subject is a...een replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)]
7. hashtag, also known as Flickr tag, tag, Twitter hashtag (wd:P2572 as wdt/p): reference keyword associated with this item for online communiti...lude the "#" symbol which is often used as a prefixed indicator)
8. follows, also known as prev, successor to, succeeds to, succeeds, split from (wd:P155 as wdt/p): immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a par... preceding item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)]
9. different from, also known as not to be confused with, to be distinguished from, similar to, see also, rejected match (wd:P1889 as wdt/p): item that is different from another item, with which it may be confused
10. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject           | property                      | object             |
| ----------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------ |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | January (wd:Q108)  |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | June (wd:Q120)     |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | August (wd:Q122)   |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | February (wd:Q109) |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | December (wd:Q126) |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (wdt:P2922) | July (wd:Q121)     |

[Assistant]
The property "month of the year" (wdt:P2922) is used to associate "winter" (wd:Q1311) with several months: January, February, December, June, July, and August. This suggests that "winter" is defined differently in different hemispheres or regions.

Since the question specifically asks about Germany, I need to determine which months are considered winter in Germany. In the Northern Hemisphere (where Germany is located), winter is typically December, January, and February.

To be precise, I will check if there is a region-specific qualifier or statement for Germany, or if the months can be filtered by region. If not, I will count only the Northern Hemisphere months (December, January, February) for Germany.

First, I will check if there are region-specific qualifiers for these statements.

[Tool]
Got 947 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject           | property                                       | object                                                                                |
| ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | instance of (wdt:P31)                          | recurring event (wd:Q15275719)                                                          |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                    | Winter                                                                                |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | image (wdt:P18)                                | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crater%20Lake%20winter%20pano2.jpg> |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                         | season (wd:Q24384)                                                                      |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                | Gujin Tushu Jicheng (wd:Q1768721)                                                       |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | follows (wdt:P155)                             | autumn (wd:Q1314)                                                                       |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | followed by (wdt:P156)                         | spring (wd:Q1312)                                                                       |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008) | wd:Q6173448                                                                             |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | different from (wdt:P1889)                     | wd:Q21064929                                                                            |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | topic's main category (wdt:P910)               | wd:Q6483597                                                                             |
| ...               | ...                                            | ...                                                                                |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject           | property                    | object                                       |
| ----------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 |
| winter (wd:Q1311) | month of the year (p:P2922) | s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 | month of the year (ps:P2922) | August (wd:Q122)                |
| s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Southern Hemisphere (wd:Q41228) |
| s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-123baf7f-421e-3059-1609-99f048f5ae87 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 | month of the year (ps:P2922) | June (wd:Q120)                  |
| s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Southern Hemisphere (wd:Q41228) |
| s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-3ca1d0d8-4c0d-e7ae-fca9-98ed0a851c73 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf | month of the year (ps:P2922) | July (wd:Q121)                  |
| s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Southern Hemisphere (wd:Q41228) |
| s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-4953942a-4cf1-11f2-877e-27630af39faf | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e | month of the year (ps:P2922) | January (wd:Q108)               |
| s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Northern Hemisphere (wd:Q39061) |
| s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-a15bcbcb-4ce6-38a9-3081-8164031b7b4e | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 | month of the year (ps:P2922) | February (wd:Q109)              |
| s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Northern Hemisphere (wd:Q39061) |
| s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-a35e8941-420e-1695-f174-603ff657b389 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                      | property                     | object                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 | month of the year (ps:P2922) | December (wd:Q126)              |
| s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 | valid in place (pq:P3005)    | Northern Hemisphere (wd:Q39061) |
| s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank             |
| s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank               |
| s:Q1311-fd08819b-473b-9c34-4d41-effcb6272c06 | rdf:type                     | wikibase:Statement              |

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Germany, also known as BR Deutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany (wd:Q183): country in Central Europe
2. Weimar Republic, also known as German Republic, Weimar Germany, Republic of Germany, Germany, German Reich (wd:Q41304): Germany in the years 1918/1919–1933
3. German Reich, also known as Deutsches Reich, German Empire, German Realm, Germany, Imperial Germany (wd:Q1206012): official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, and name of Germany until 1949
4. Burg Drachenfels, also known as Germany (wd:Q1011486): castle
5. Germany (wd:Q5552078): European Parliament constituency
6. Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg, also known as Germany (wd:Q2268218)
7. Germany, also known as Germany, IN, Germany, Indiana (wd:Q18151573): unincorporated community in Clark County, Indiana
8. Germany (wd:Q19147844): poem by Vladimir Mayakovsky
9. Germany, also known as Ludwig, West (wd:Q3839160): Hetalia character
10. Germany, also known as Germany, Texas, Germany, TX (wd:Q15221573): unincorporated community in Houston County, Texas, United States

[Assistant]
Germany is represented by wd:Q183. Since Germany is in the Northern Hemisphere (wd:Q39061), and the months associated with winter in the Northern Hemisphere are December (wd:Q126), January (wd:Q108), and February (wd:Q109), we can conclude that winter in Germany consists of these three months.

I will now construct a SPARQL query to count the number of months that winter consists of in Germany, by counting the months associated with winter (wd:Q1311) and valid in the Northern Hemisphere (wd:Q39061).

Here is the query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?river WHERE {
  wd:Q118841 wdt:P206 ?river
}

The river that flows through the Grand Canyon is the Colorado River (wd:Q1265).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which river flows through the Grand Canyon?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Grand Canyon".
2. We need to find the property that links a river to a canyon or a geographic feature it flows through.
3. We need to find which river is linked to the Grand Canyon via this property.

First, I'll search for the entity "Grand Canyon" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Grand Canyon, also known as Cañon of Colorado (wd:Q118841): steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States
2. Grand Canyon (wd:Q1542548): 1991 film directed by Lawrence Kasdan
3. Grand Canyon (wd:Q2062523): 1958 film by James Algar
4. Grand Canyon (wd:Q2901889): mall in Haifa, Israel
5. Snake River Canyon, also known as Grand Canyon (wd:Q7547072): canyon in Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States
6. Grand Canyon (wd:Q15701160): 1949 film by Paul Landres
7. Grand Canyon (wd:Q60752901): 2017 picture book by Jason Chin
8. Grand Canyon, also known as IMO 9614608 (wd:Q52514537): offshore supply ship built in 2012
9. Grand Canyon (wd:Q49805880): valley in Crook County, Wyoming, United States of America
10. Grand Canyon (wd:Q49805879)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Grand Canyon" as a geographic feature is wd:Q118841.

Next, I need to find the property that links a river to a geographic feature it flows through. I'll search for properties related to "river" and "flows through" or "geographic feature".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. mouth of the watercourse, also known as flows into, watercourse outflow, watercourse ends in, watercourse drain, tributary of (wd:P403 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): the body of water to which the watercourse drains
2. facilitates flow of, also known as carries, channel for, controls flux of, enables flow of, regulates flow of (wd:P10228 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): the cargo/substrate actively transported or passively channeled by a protein
3. tributary, also known as has inflow of, affluent, receives tributary, receives river, has river inflow (wd:P974 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): watercourse that flows into an other one (for lake inflows use P200)
4. inflows, also known as inflow, lake inflow, river inflows (wd:P200 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): major inflow sources — rivers, aquifers, glacial runoff, etc. Some terms may not be place names, e.g. none
5. outflows, also known as lake outflow, outflow (wd:P201 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): rivers and other outflows waterway names. If evaporation or seep...be included. Some terms may not be place names, e.g. evaporation
6. origin of the watercourse, also known as headwaters, water source, water origin, water body origin, stream source (wd:P885 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): main source of a river, stream or lake
7. next crossing downstream, also known as downstream crossing adjacent (wd:P2674 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): next crossing of this river, canal, etc. downstream of this subject, followed by
8. crosses, also known as under, tunnel under, through, spanning, over (wd:P177 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): obstacle (body of water, road, railway...) which this bridge (ferry, ford) crosses over or this tunnel goes under
9. located in or next to body of water, also known as located on body of water, ocean, on bay, next to lake, on coast of (wd:P206 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): body of water on or next to which a place is located, location
10. total produced, also known as total made, total built, quantity issued, qty produced, qty made (wd:P1092 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): quantity of item produced

[Assistant]
None of the properties directly say "river flows through geographic feature," but "located in or next to body of water" (wd:P206) and "mouth of the watercourse" (wd:P403) are related. However, these may not directly link a river to a canyon.

To be thorough, I'll check which properties are used for the Grand Canyon entity (wd:Q118841) that might link it to a river.

[Tool]
Got 652 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                   | property                                                    | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                       | canyon (wd:Q150784)                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | country (wdt:P17)                                           | United States (wd:Q30)                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | Arizona (wd:Q816)                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)                              | POINT(-112.095278 36.097500)                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                                 | Grand Canyon                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | image (wdt:P18)                                             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grand%20Canyon%20view%20from%20Pima%20Point%202010.jpg> |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | heritage designation (wdt:P1435)                            | America's Most Endangered Historic Places (wd:Q4742563)                                                     |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                             | Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition (wd:Q867541)                                                           |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008)              | wd:Q6173448                                                                                |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | native label (wdt:P1705)                                    | Grand Canyon                                                                                |
| ...                       | ...                                                         | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                   | property                                       | object                    |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Grand Canyon (wd:Q118841) | located in or next to body of water (wdt:P206) | Colorado River (wd:Q1265) |

[Tool]
Got 586 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                   | property                                                    | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                       | river (wd:Q4022)                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | country (wdt:P17)                                           | United States (wd:Q30)                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | California (wd:Q99)                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)                              | POINT(-114.800000 31.815000)                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                                 | Colorado River                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | image (wdt:P18)                                             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grand%20Canyon%20Horseshoe%20Bend%20%28crop%202%29.jpg> |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                             | Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (wd:Q602358)                                                    |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008)              | wd:Q6173448                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | native label (wdt:P1705)                                    | Colorado River                                                                                |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) | different from (wdt:P1889)                                  | Colorado River (wd:Q847785)                                                                                |
| ...                       | ...                                                         | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?river                    |
| ------------------------- |
| Colorado River (wd:Q1265) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK {
  wd:Q567 wdt:P26 ?spouse
}

Yes, the first female chancellor of Germany, Angela Merkel, was married.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Was the first female chancellor in Germany ever married?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. Identify the first female chancellor of Germany.
2. Determine if she was ever married.

Step 1: Identify the first female chancellor of Germany.
- "Chancellor of Germany" is a specific political office.
- "First female" means we need to find the first woman who held this office.

Step 2: Check if she was ever married.
- This requires finding the property for "spouse" or "married".

First, I will search for the entity "chancellor of Germany" to identify the office.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chancellor of Germany (wd:Q56022): offices held over time by the head of government of Germany
2. Federal Chancellor of Germany, also known as German Federal Chancellor, prime minister of Germany, German Chancellor, Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Chancellor (wd:Q4970706): head of government of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)
3. Vice-Chancellor of Germany, also known as Vice Chancellor of Germany, Deputy to the Federal Chancellor (wd:Q504272): position
4. Vice Chancellor of Germany (wd:Q110010874)
5. specifically male Chancellor of Germany (wd:L204275-S5)
6. Historical rankings of Chancellors of Germany (wd:Q28196174): Rankings of the Chancellors of Germany
7. CHANCELLOR ERHARDT OF WEST GERMANY (NAID 123903) (wd:Q67616314): item in the National Archives and Records Administration's holdings
8. ARRIVAL OF CHANCELLOR ERHARD OF GERMANY (NAID 124934) (wd:Q67619452): item in the National Archives and Records Administration's holdings
9. Chancellor Erhard in his Office, Bonn, Germany (wd:Q79875204): photograph by Dennis Stock (American, 1928-2010) (2018.535)
10. Heinrich Bruning, Chancellor Of Germany Before Hitler, Dies (wd:Q96787864): news article

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "chancellor of Germany" is wd:Q56022 ("Chancellor of Germany"), which represents the office over time.

Next, I need to find the list of people who have held this office, and filter for the first female chancellor.

I will look for properties of wd:Q56022 that relate to office holders.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as wdt/p): persons who hold and/or held the position
2. organization directed by the office or position, also known as leader of, head of, leads, organization directed by, organization directed from the office (wd:P2389 as wdt/p): organization which is directed by this office
3. appointed by, also known as named by (wd:P748 as wdt/p): who appointed the person to the office, can be used as a qualifier
4. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
5. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. applies to jurisdiction, also known as belongs to jurisdiction, applies to territorial jurisdiction, applies to region, applies to place, applies to geographic place (wd:P1001 as wdt/p): the item (institution, law, public office, public register...) o...a territorial jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...), significant place, characteristic of, operating area
7. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
8. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt/p): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as wdt/p): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "position holder" (wd:P1308) is used to list persons who have held the office of Chancellor of Germany.

Next, I will list some triples for wd:Q56022 (Chancellor of Germany) with property wd:P1308 (position holder) to see how the office holders are represented, and to identify the first female chancellor.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that there are no direct triples using "position holder" (wd:P1308) for "Chancellor of Germany" (wd:Q56022). This suggests that office holders might be represented differently, possibly by using "position held" (P39) on the person entities, rather than listing them on the office entity.

I will now search for the property "position held" to confirm its identifier and usage.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
2. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): persons who hold and/or held the position
3. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): position or specialism of a player on a team
4. expression, gesture or body pose, also known as action, expression, facial expression, gesture, movement (wd:P6022 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): qualifier on "depicts" (P180) for human position of an individual in an artwork
5. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
6. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
7. term length of position, also known as term length, time in position, term of position, position term, length of term (wd:P2097 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): length of time in years (unit: Q577) a person (usually a politician) is to serve in a particular position. Do not add bounds., duration
8. office contested, also known as contested office, contested position, position contested (wd:P541 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): title of office which election will determine the next holder of
9. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): position of the head of this item
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant]
The property "position held" (wd:P39) is the correct one to use for finding people who have held the office of Chancellor of Germany.

Now, I will search for people (entities) who have "position held" (P39) as "Chancellor of Germany" (wd:Q56022), and filter for female gender. This will allow me to identify the first female chancellor.

First, I will confirm the property for "gender" to use in the filter.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. grammatical gender, also known as gender (wd:P5185 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): grammatical gender of the word
2. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
3. requires grammatical feature, also known as grammatical feature required, required grammatical feature, requires case, requires mood, uses case (wd:P5713 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): grammatical features required or generally used with lexeme or form of lexeme
4. has grammatical gender, also known as grammatical genders, has genders (wd:P5109 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): specific form of noun class system of a language. Use qualifier ... subject of" (P805) to link to language specific item if present
5. personal pronoun, also known as gender pronoun, personal gender pronoun, personal pronouns, PGP, PGPs (wd:P6553 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): personal pronoun(s) this person goes by
6. semantic gender, also known as natural gender (wd:P10339 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): used when a word is only used to refer to people of this gender or to animals of this sex, independent of the grammatical gender
7. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
8. gender educated (wd:P7419 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): genders educated at this educational institution
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)
10. given name version for other gender, also known as personal name version for other gender, other genders given name, male version of this female given name, gender inflection of given name, female version of this male given name (wd:P1560 as ps/p/psn/pqv/psv/pr/pq/prv/pqn/prn/wdtn/wdt): equivalent name (with respect to the meaning of the name) in the...n of a female first name. Add primarily the closest matching one

[Assistant]
The property "sex or gender" (wd:P21) is the correct one to use for filtering by gender.

Now, I will search for the entity for "female" to use as the object for this property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. female organism, also known as ♀, female, female animal, female creature, sex — female (wd:Q43445): organism of the female sex
2. Female (wd:Q639354): 1933 Warner Bros. pre-code film
3. female, also known as female human, women, woman, lady, human female (wd:Q6581072): to be used in "sex or gender" (P21) to indicate that the human s...nder" (P10339) to indicate that a word refers to a female person
4. Female, also known as Fîmeiru ,(Female) (wd:Q5442715): 2005 film directed by Shinya Tsukamoto
5. The Female, also known as Female (wd:Q18708947): 1924 film by Sam Wood
6. female connector, also known as female contact, female fastener, female (wd:Q11659367): gender of connectors and fasteners
7. Female (wd:Q47128284): song by Keith Urban
8. Female (wd:Q5442717): 1933 novel by Donald Henderson Clarke
9. Female (wd:Q130232348): enemy type in the 2023 video game World of Horror
10. Female (wd:Q63650079): theatrical character in the play "Yerma"

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "female" as a gender is wd:Q6581072 ("female human, women, woman, lady, human female").

Now, I will write a SPARQL query to find all people who have held the position "Chancellor of Germany" (wd:Q56022) and are female (wd:Q6581072), and order them by the start time of their term to identify the first one.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that querying for "Chancellor of Germany" (wd:Q56022) directly as a position held did not return any results, possibly due to the use of a more specific entity for the modern office.

Earlier, the search for "Federal Chancellor of Germany" (wd:Q4970706) indicated it is the head of government of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present), which is the relevant office for the modern chancellors, including the first female chancellor.

I will now repeat the query using wd:Q4970706 ("Federal Chancellor of Germany") as the position held.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?person                 |
| ----------------------- |
| Angela Merkel (wd:Q567) |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as wdt/p): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as wdt/p): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. married name, also known as full name (married) (wd:P2562 as wdt/p): name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage, name
4. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as wdt/p): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
5. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as wdt/p): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
6. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt/p): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
7. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as wdt/p): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
8. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as p): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
9. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as wdt/p): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
10. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as wdt/p): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property         | object                       |
| ----------------------- | ---------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Angela Merkel (wd:Q567) | spouse (wdt:P26) | Joachim Sauer (wd:Q62085)    |
| Angela Merkel (wd:Q567) | spouse (wdt:P26) | Ulrich Merkel (wd:Q13415350) |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| ?spouse                      |
| ---------------------------- |
| Ulrich Merkel (wd:Q13415350) |
| Joachim Sauer (wd:Q62085)    |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?person                 |
| ----------------------- |
| Angela Merkel (wd:Q567) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?mainSubject ?mainSubjectLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q11419997 wdt:P921 ?mainSubject .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?mainSubject rdfs:label ?mainSubjectLabel FILTER ( lang( ?mainSubjectLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?mainSubject                         | ?mainSubjectLabel     |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| middle school student (wd:Q16003532) | middle school student |

The main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" is a middle school student.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the main subject of the manga "your lie in april": primary school, middle school or high school student?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the manga "Your Lie in April" in Wikidata.
2. We need to determine the main subject of the manga, specifically whether it focuses on primary school, middle school, or high school students.
3. This likely involves finding the main character(s) and their student status or age group.

First, I'll search for the entity "Your Lie in April" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q11419997): Japanese manga series
2. Your Lie in April (wd:Q26810037): 2016 film by Takehiko Shinjō
3. Your Lie in April (wd:Q123944284): your Lie in April stage musical
4. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q91333870): Japanese anime television series
5. Your Lie in April: A Six Person Etude, also known as Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso: 6-nin no Études (wd:Q91334211): Japanese light novel
6. Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q6544290): extended play by Dive
7. Your Lies in Check (wd:Q4023078): album by Cripple Bastards
8. Lier in Your Eyes (wd:Q29424453): X-Ray song
9. The Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q5409466): single
10. [It lies in your hand!] (wd:Q87357297): scientific article published on 01 February 2014

[Assistant]
The relevant entity for the manga "Your Lie in April" is wd:Q11419997.

Next, I need to determine the main subject of this manga, specifically whether it focuses on primary school, middle school, or high school students. This likely involves checking the main character(s) and their student status or age group.

I'll search for properties related to "main subject" or "student" for this manga entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as wdt/p): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
2. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as wdt/p): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
3. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as wdt/p): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
4. intended public, also known as for, user group, target market, target group, target demographic (wd:P2360 as wdt/p): this work, product, object or event is intended for, or has been designed to that person or group of people, animals, plants, etc
5. published in, also known as song on album, tome of the book, tome of, track of, track on (wd:P1433 as wdt/p): larger work that a given work was published in, like a book, journal or music album, part of
6. Bangumi subject ID, also known as Bangumi ID, Bangumi subject ID, Bangumi subject identifier, bgm.tv subject identifier (wd:P5732 as wdt/p): identifier for creative works sorted on bgm.tv (Bangumi/Chobits)
7. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as wdt/p): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
8. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as wdt/p): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
9. publisher, also known as video game publisher, software publisher, comic book publisher, sheet music publisher, publishing house (wd:P123 as wdt/p): organization or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, printed music, podcasts, games or software
10. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as wdt/p): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                | object                               |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| Your Lie in April (wd:Q11419997) | main subject (wdt:P921) | middle school student (wd:Q16003532) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?mainSubject                         |
| ------------------------------------ |
| middle school student (wd:Q16003532) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?mainSubject                         | ?mainSubjectLabel     |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| middle school student (wd:Q16003532) | middle school student |

[Tool] Stopped generation process