PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?song ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?song wdt:P31 wd:Q7366 ; wdt:P86 wd:Q238819 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?song wdt:P1433 ?album .
    ?album wdt:P31 wd:Q482994 ; wdt:P175 wd:Q238819 .
  }
  FILTER ( ! BOUND( ?album ) )
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

According to Wikidata, there is 1 song composed by Jay Chou that was not released in his own albums.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many songs were composed by Jay Chou but not released in his own albums?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify "Jay Chou" in Wikidata.
2. We need to find songs composed by Jay Chou.
3. We need to check which of these songs were not released in Jay Chou's own albums.

First, let's search for the entity "Jay Chou" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Jayanta Choudhury (wd:Q102339960): Ph.D. University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2008
3. Jaya Choudhary (wd:Q88317282): researcher
4. Jayadratha Choudhury (wd:Q107562664): Indian Odia-language writer, writer
5. Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories (wd:Q24595331): 2016 studio album by Jay Chou
6. Jayanta Narayan Choudhury, also known as Jayanto Narayan Choudhury (wd:Q110437452): Indian police officer
7. Choudhury Jayprakash Das, also known as Choudhury Jayaprakash Das, Caudhurī Jaẏaprakāśa Dāsa (wd:Q60511536): Indian actor and academic, film actor, teacher, actor
8. Jay Chou 2007 World Tour Concert Live (wd:Q1100149): live album
9. J, also known as ᴊ, Juliett, Juliet, j, jay (wd:Q9773): 10th-17th letter of Latin alphabets
10. Eurasian Jay, also known as Garrulus glandarius, Jay, European Jay (wd:Q25354): species of bird

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Jay Chou is wd:Q238819.

Next, we need to find songs composed by Jay Chou. Let's search for properties related to "composer" or "written by" to identify how to link Jay Chou to songs as a composer.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator
2. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
3. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): author of song lyrics, author
4. composers.am person ID (wd:P9628 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): identifier for a person in the  site of Composers Union of Armenia
5. music created for, also known as music for, music for work, music made for, music made for work, music written for (wd:P9899 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): a work, event, etc. for which a musical composition was created ... was written; a film for which motion picture music was created), created for
6. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
7. Musicsperlacobla composer ID (wd:P11203 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): composer identifier used by musicsperlacobla archive
8. orchestrator, also known as arranged for orchestra by, orchestral arrangement by, orchestral arranger, orchestration by, orchestrations by (wd:P10806 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person or body responsible for arranging a musical composition for orchestra, adapted by
9. Musicalics composer ID (wd:P6925 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): identifier for a composer in the Musicalics database
10. CompositionToday composer ID, also known as Composition Today composer ID (wd:P8688 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): composer ID on the website CompositionToday

[Assistant]
The property "composer" (wd:P86) is used to indicate the person who composed the music for a song. We can use this property to find songs where Jay Chou is the composer.

Next, we need to ensure we are only considering "songs." Let's check if there is a specific entity for "song" in Wikidata, so we can filter for items that are instances of "song."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. song, also known as vocal pieces, vocal piece, songs, pieces of vocal music, piece of vocal music (wd:Q7366): musical composition for voice(s)
2. Song of Songs, also known as Canticles, Song of Solomon, Song (wd:Q51670): book of the Bible
3. Song dynasty, also known as Song, Sung Dynasty, Sung, Song Dynasty, Song Empire (wd:Q7462): former imperial dynasty of China
4. Song (wd:Q1065073): one of the twelve feudal states of Western Zhou dynasty
5. Song (wd:Q120230): district in Phrae province, Thailand
6. Song (wd:Q667992): defunct low-cost airline
7. Song, also known as Sòng, Soong, Sung, 宋 (wd:Q717770): Chinese family name (宋)
8. Ming, also known as Mingti, Song, Songti, Sun (wd:Q1071487): family of CJK typefaces
9. Song (wd:Q7560957): LGA and town in Adamawa State, Nigeria
10. Xue Song, also known as Song (wd:Q1018013): Tang Dynasty non imperial prince, politician

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "song" as a musical composition is wd:Q7366.

Now, to find songs composed by Jay Chou, we need items that:
- are instances of "song" (wd:P31 wd:Q7366)
- have Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) as their composer (wd:P86)

Next, we need to identify Jay Chou's albums to exclude songs released in his own albums. Let's search for albums by Jay Chou in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. AllMusic artist ID, also known as AllMusic, AllMusic ID, amg artist (wd:P1728 as p/wdt): identifier for an artist, musical group, or record label in the AllMusic database (record labels are listed as "artists")
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. discography, also known as discography link, recording catalog (wd:P358 as p/wdt): item for list pages with discography of artist or band, list of works
4. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
5. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
6. record label, also known as label, labels (wd:P264 as p/wdt): brand and trademark associated with the marketing of subject music recordings and music videos
7. Apple Music artist ID (U.S. version), also known as iTunes author ID, music.apple.com/artist/, iTunes artist ID (American version), https://music.apple.com/artist/, Apple Music artist ID (American version) (wd:P2850 as p/wdt): identifier for a musical artist or author in the U.S. version of Apple Music
8. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as p/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
9. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
10. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as p/wdt): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "discography" (wd:P358) is related to lists of works or albums by an artist. However, it does not directly link to individual albums. To get Jay Chou's albums, let's search for albums where Jay Chou is the performer or main artist.

Let's search for properties related to "performer" or "main artist" to see how albums are linked to Jay Chou.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject
2. character role, also known as role, plays, performer of, as, acting role (wd:P453 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): specific role played or filled by subject -- use only as qualifier of "cast member" (P161), "voice actor" (P725)
3. cover art by, also known as jacket art by, sleeve art by, designer, cover design by, cover artist (wd:P736 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): name of person or team creating cover artwork for book, record album, single record etc.
4. setlist, also known as set list, works performed, songs performed, performances, performance list (wd:P9793 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): performances of songs or other music at an event; concert program, presented works
5. number of representations, also known as shows, performances, number of shows, number of concerts, no. of shows (wd:P5027 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of shows (including the premiere) of a concert tour or a performing arts production
6. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
7. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
8. exhibited creator, also known as artist exhibited, exhibited artist (wd:P10661 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): intellectual or creative entity (person or organization) responsible for the elements exhibited, creator
9. Muziekweb performer ID, also known as Muziekweb artist ID, Muziekweb band ID (wd:P5882 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): identifier for a performer, composer or band at Muziekweb
10. talk show guest, also known as show guest, podcast guest, participant in talk show, participant in podcast interview, interviewed person (wd:P5030 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person invited in a talk show, recorded participant

[Assistant]
The property "performer" (wd:P175) is used to indicate the performer or main artist of a musical work, including albums. We can use this property to find albums where Jay Chou is the performer.

Now, let's search for albums (instance of "album" wd:Q482994) where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the performer.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. album, also known as full album, record album, music album, full-length album, audio album (wd:Q482994): grouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the ...racks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)
2. album, also known as scrapbook (wd:Q1173065): book with pages used for assembling and presenting a collection,...blished sets of pages that are bound or loose-leaf and annotated
3. album (wd:Q2288488): board chalked or painted white, on which decrees, edicts and other public notices were inscribed in black in ancient Rome
4. Album (wd:Q531318): 1994 album by Quorthon
5. Album (wd:Q23925073): 2016 film by Mehmet Can Mertoğlu
6. Album (wd:Q1411632): 1983 album by Joan Jett
7. Album, also known as Cassette, Compact Disc (wd:Q1942675): 1986 album by Public Image Ltd
8. Álbum (wd:Q6172625): 2006 studio album by Lu
9. Album, also known as 82876 650 512 (wd:Q146378): 2004 studio album by Brodka a.k.a. Monika Brodka
10. Album (wd:Q4712765): 2002 Tamil film directed by Vasanthabalan

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "album" as a music album is wd:Q482994.

Now, let's summarize the approach:
- Find all songs (wd:Q7366) composed by Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) using composer (wd:P86).
- Find all albums (wd:Q482994) where Jay Chou is the performer (wd:P175).
- Find songs that are not released in any of Jay Chou's albums.

To do this, we need to know how to link a song to an album. Let's search for properties related to "album" or "part of album" to see how songs are connected to albums.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. published in, also known as song on album, tome of the book, tome of, track of, track on (wd:P1433 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): larger work that a given work was published in, like a book, journal or music album, part of
2. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): structure of a creative work
3. featured track(s), also known as songs, soundtrack, OST, music tracks, music track (wd:P10664 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): soundtrack of this audiovisual work
4. tracklist, also known as tracks, track listing, track list, songs, list of tracks (wd:P658 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): audio tracks contained in this release, has part(s)
5. record of, also known as is a record of, is record of, records (wd:P11851 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): state or event an object is a physical representation of
6. number of records, also known as entries, rows, records, quantitiy of records, number of rows (wd:P4876 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of values of an identifier or records in a catalog
7. soundtrack release, also known as soundtrack single, soundtrack extended play, soundtrack album, has soundtrack album, OST (wd:P406 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): music release that incorporates music directly recorded from the soundtrack of an audiovisual work
8. music created for, also known as music for, music for work, music made for, music made for work, music written for (wd:P9899 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): a work, event, etc. for which a musical composition was created ... was written; a film for which motion picture music was created), created for
9. personal best, also known as PR, record, personal record, PB (wd:P2415 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): an individual's best performance in a given discipline
10. MusicBrainz release group ID, also known as album MBID, single MBID, single ID (MusicBrainz), release group MBID, release group ID (MusicBrainz) (wd:P436 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): identifier for a release group per the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia (album, single, etc.)

[Assistant]
The property "published in" (wd:P1433) is used to indicate the larger work (such as an album) that a song was published in.

So, to answer the question, we need to:
1. Select all songs (wd:Q7366) where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the composer (wd:P86).
2. For each song, check if it is published in (wd:P1433) an album (wd:Q482994) where Jay Chou is the performer (wd:P175).
3. Count only those songs that are NOT published in any of Jay Chou's albums.

Let's construct the SPARQL query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?work ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?work wdt:P50 wd:Q30875 .
  ?work wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q7725634 .
  FILTER ( ?work != wd:Q82464 )
}

Oscar Wilde wrote 131 other literary works besides The Picture of Dorian Gray.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many literary works besides The Picture of Dorian Gray did its author write?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. Identify "The Picture of Dorian Gray" in Wikidata.
2. Find its author.
3. Find all literary works authored by this person, excluding "The Picture of Dorian Gray".
4. Count the number of such works.

First, I'll search for "The Picture of Dorian Gray" to get its Wikidata entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as El retrato de Dorian Gray, Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464): 1890–1891 novel by Oscar Wilde
2. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1167299): 1945 film by Albert Lewin
3. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757057): 1916 film directed by Fred W. Durrant
4. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q16979666): 1913 film by Phillips Smalley
5. The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1397330): telenovela
6. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757058): 1917 film by Richard Oswald
7. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Dorian Grays Portræt, Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q15177406): 1910 film by Axel Strøm
8. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1167302): 1976 television film
9. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q17044933): 1915 film directed by Eugene Moore
10. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757059): 1918 Hungarian silent film by Alfréd Deésy

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" is wd:Q82464. Next, I need to find its author.

I'll look up the properties of wd:Q82464 to find the author property.

[Tool]
Got 478 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                | property                              | object                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | instance of (wdt:P31)                 | literary work (wd:Q7725634)                                                      |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | title (wdt:P1476)                     | The Picture of Dorian Gray (en)                                                  |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | publication date (wdt:P577)           | 1890-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                              |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | author (wdt:P50)                      | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875)                                                          |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | language of work or name (wdt:P407)   | English (wd:Q1860)                                                               |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | full work available at URL (wdt:P953) | <https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/oscar-wilde/the-picture-of-dorian-gray>       |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | Commons category (wdt:P373)           | The Picture of Dorian Gray                                                       |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | image (wdt:P18)                       | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lippincott%20doriangray.jpg> |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | copyright status (wdt:P6216)          | public domain (wd:Q19652)                                                        |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | country of origin (wdt:P495)          | United Kingdom (wd:Q145)                                                         |
| ...                                    | ...                                   | ...                                                                              |

[Assistant]
The author of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (wd:Q82464) is Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875).

Now, I need to find all literary works authored by Oscar Wilde, excluding "The Picture of Dorian Gray". I'll search for works where Oscar Wilde is the author (wdt:P50), and the work is a literary work (wd:Q7725634) or a subclass thereof.

I'll write a SPARQL query to count such works, excluding wd:Q82464.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count         |
| ------------- |
| 131 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
SELECT ?population ?pointInTime WHERE {
  wd:Q42053 wdt:P1082 ?population .
  OPTIONAL {
    wd:Q42053 p:P1082 ?popStatement .
    ?popStatement pq:P585 ?pointInTime
  }
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?pointInTime )
LIMIT 1

Yes, Isfahan is a big city. Its population was 1,961,260 as of 2016, which qualifies it as a large city by most standards.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] is Isfahan a big city?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity in question is "Isfahan".
2. The property implied is whether Isfahan is a "big city". This is subjective, but in Wikidata, "big city" might be interpreted as a city with a large population or a city classified as a "metropolis" or "large city".

Step 1: Find the entity for Isfahan.
Step 2: Find properties related to population or city size.
Step 3: Check if Isfahan meets the criteria for being a "big city" (e.g., population above a certain threshold or classified as a metropolis).

First, I will search for the entity "Isfahan".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Isfahan, also known as Spahān, Spahan, Sepahan, Ispahān, Ispahân (wd:Q42053): city in Isfahan Province, Iran
2. Isfahan (wd:Q21998562): 1967 jazz song by Duke Ellington
3. Isfahan (wd:Q103936201): encyclopedia article
4. Isfahan Province, also known as Esfahan Province (wd:Q1367759): province of Iran
5. Isfahan County (wd:Q1282082): county in Isfahan Province, Iran
6. Isfahan International Airport, also known as IFN, IFN Airport, Isfahan Airport, OIFM, Shahid Beheshti Airport (wd:Q1151889): International Airport in Isfahan, Iran
7. Baharestan, also known as Baharestan, Isfahan (wd:Q430773): city in Isfahan Province, Iran
8. Isfahan Metro (wd:Q5963929): rapid transit system in Isfahan, Iran
9. Dowlatabad, also known as Shapurabad, Dowlatabad, Isfahan, Dowlatabad, Borkhar, Dowlatābād, Daulatābād (wd:Q2616779): city in Isfahan Province, Iran
10. Isfahan Grand Bazaar, also known as Isfahan Bazaar, Grand Bazaar of Isfahan, Grand Bazaar, Isfahan, Bazaar of Isfahan (wd:Q2754230): bazaar in Isfahan, Iran

[Assistant]
The main entity for the city of Isfahan is wd:Q42053.

Next, I need to determine what property or properties in Wikidata could be used to define a "big city". The most objective measure is population. I will search for properties related to "population" to see what is available.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. tabular population, also known as population (wd:P4179 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): same as population (P1082); used when there is data for many different points in time
2. population, also known as inhabitants, human population (wd:P1082 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of people inhabiting the place; number of people of subject
3. has census, also known as has human population census (wd:P8701 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): general population census of the country or region
4. urban population (wd:P6343 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of people living within the territorial entity who live in its urban parts, population
5. birth rate (wd:P8763 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): the total number of live births per 1,000 population
6. category populated by, also known as category filled by, category has template, cat populated by, component adding into the category, populated by (wd:P4329 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): software component (template, module, extension, MediaWiki core) populating the category
7. rural population (wd:P6344 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of people living within the territorial entity who live in its rural parts, population
8. female population (wd:P1539 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of female people inhabiting the place; number of female people of subject, population
9. male population, also known as male inhabitants, number of males (wd:P1540 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of male people inhabiting the place; number of male people of subject, population
10. number of households, also known as dwellings, households (wd:P1538 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): total number of households in this place, includes dwellings of all types

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for determining if Isfahan is a "big city" is "population" (wdt:P1082).

Now, I will check the population of Isfahan (wd:Q42053) using this property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| population            | pointInTime                         |
| --------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| 1961260 (xsd:decimal) | 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant]
The latest available population data for Isfahan is 1,961,260 (as of 2016).

In most contexts, a city with a population near 2 million is considered a "big city". Therefore, based on objective population data, Isfahan qualifies as a big city.

Here is the SPARQL query that retrieves the population of Isfahan, which can be used to assess its size.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?work ( SAMPLE( ?label ) AS ?workLabel ) WHERE {
  ?work wdt:P50 wd:Q312101 .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?work wdt:P361 | wdt:P179 wd:Q11835640
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?work rdfs:label ?label FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = "en" )
  }
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?work wdt:P179 ?series .
    ?series rdfs:label ?seriesLabel
    FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?seriesLabel ) , "witcher" ) )
  }
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?work wdt:P179 wd:Q11835640
  }
  )
}
GROUP BY ?work

Got 58 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     | workLabel                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             | Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (en)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               | Sezon burz (en)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  | Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (en)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          | Владычица Озера (en)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) | Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (en) |
| ...                                                                      | ...                                                           |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    | The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (en)                   |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |                                                               |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   | Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (en)                 |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          | The World of King Arthur. Maladie (en)                        |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       | Viper (en)                                                    |

The notable works of Andrzej Sapkowski apart from The Witcher series include: Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave, The World of King Arthur. Maladie, Viper, and others. The full list can be obtained from the query results.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Apart from the book series the witcher, name all of the author’s notable work.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The author of "The Witcher" book series is Andrzej Sapkowski.
2. The question asks for all other notable works by Andrzej Sapkowski, excluding "The Witcher" series.

Step 1: Find the Wikidata entity for Andrzej Sapkowski.
Step 2: Identify his works (books, series, etc.).
Step 3: Exclude "The Witcher" series and its books.
Step 4: Return the IRIs of the other notable works, optionally with labels.

Let's start by searching for "Andrzej Sapkowski" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101): Polish novelist, translator, writer
2. Andrzej, also known as Andřej, Andrzej (first name), Andrzej (given name) (wd:Q14941830): male given name
3. Andrzej, also known as Andrzej (Borkowski), Andrzej Borkowski (wd:Q24717986): Eastern Orthodox theologian and bishop, theologian, bishop
4. Andrzej Andrzejewski, also known as Andrzej Piotr Andrzejewski (wd:Q361187): Brigadier General/Polish Air Force (1961–2008), military officer
5. Andrzej Andrzejewski (wd:Q11685807): Polish actor, film actor, actor
6. Andrzej Andrzejczak (wd:Q9151455): Polish politician and deputy, politician
7. Adam Andrzejowski, also known as Andrzej Andrzejowski (wd:Q87355265): born 1880; died 1920, violinist, pedagogue, composer
8. Andrzej (wd:Q11685803)
9. Andrzej (wd:Q21445873): genus of insects
10. Andrzej (wd:Q22695582): iconographer

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Andrzej Sapkowski is wd:Q312101.

Next, I need to find his works. Typically, the property "author" (P50) or "notable work" (P800) is used for this. To be thorough, I'll search for properties related to "work" for Andrzej Sapkowski.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as p/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
2. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
3. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as p/wdt): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
4. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as p/wdt): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
5. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as p/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
6. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as p/wdt): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
7. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as p/wdt): main Wikimedia category
8. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
9. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                        | property                | object                                 |
| ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | The Witcher (wd:Q11835640)             |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | The Last Wish (wd:Q2414756)            |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | Time of Contempt (wd:Q2045474)         |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | Baptism of Fire (wd:Q4240572)          |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | The Tower of the Swallow (wd:Q4080260) |
| Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) | notable work (wdt:P800) | Lady of the Lake (wd:Q4113386)         |

[Assistant]
All the notable works currently listed for Andrzej Sapkowski are related to "The Witcher" series or its books. However, the question asks for other notable works apart from "The Witcher" series.

To be thorough, I should check if there are other works by Andrzej Sapkowski, possibly using the "author" property (P50), and see if any are not part of "The Witcher" series.

Let's search for works where Andrzej Sapkowski is the author, and filter out anything related to "The Witcher".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. theorized by, also known as author, supported by, suggested by, proposer, proposed by (wd:P8403 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): subject who suggested or proposed this concept or immaterial invention
2. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): author of song lyrics, author
3. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
4. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
5. author given names, also known as given name, given names, first name, author first names, author first name (wd:P9687 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): qualifier for string representation of given or secondary sortin...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), given name
6. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
7. operator, also known as offered by, operated by, provided by, run by, service operator (wd:P137 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person, profession, organization or entity that operates the equipment, facility, or service, used by
8. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
9. author last names, also known as author last name, surnames, surname, last names, last name (wd:P9688 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): qualifier to provide string representation of family or primary ...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), family name
10. object named as, also known as original wording, place name string, printed as, reference wording, [sic] (wd:P1932 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): use as qualifier to indicate how the object's value was given in the source, name

[Tool]
Got 81 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                | property         | object                         |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------ |
| The Witcher (wd:Q11835640)             | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| The Witcher (wd:Q47500433)             | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| The Last Wish (wd:Q2414756)            | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| Blood of Elves (wd:Q2652386)           | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| Time of Contempt (wd:Q2045474)         | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| The Sword of Destiny (wd:Q2655197)     | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| Baptism of Fire (wd:Q4240572)          | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| The Tower of the Swallow (wd:Q4080260) | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| Lady of the Lake (wd:Q4113386)         | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| Season of Storms (wd:Q15260619)        | author (wdt:P50) | Andrzej Sapkowski (wd:Q312101) |
| ...                                    | ...              | ...                            |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) |
| ...                                                                      |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) |
| ...                                                                      |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) |
| ...                                                                      |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     | workLabel                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             | Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (en)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               | Sezon burz (en)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  | Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (en)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          | Владычица Озера (en)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) | Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (en) |
| ...                                                                      | ...                                                           |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    | The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (en)                   |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |                                                               |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   | Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (en)                 |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          | The World of King Arthur. Maladie (en)                        |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       | Viper (en)                                                    |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     | workLabel                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             | Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (en)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               | Sezon burz (en)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  | Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (en)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          | Владычица Озера (en)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) | Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (en) |
| ...                                                                      | ...                                                           |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    | The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (en)                   |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |                                                               |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   | Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (en)                 |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          | The World of King Arthur. Maladie (en)                        |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       | Viper (en)                                                    |

[Tool]
Got 58 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                     | workLabel                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (wd:Q110944981)             | Zaklínač: Bouřková sezóna: román o Geraltovi (en)             |
| Sezon burz (wd:Q110944992)                                               | Sezon burz (en)                                               |
| Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (wd:Q110945037)                  | Paní jezera: pátá část ságy o zaklínači (en)                  |
| Владычица Озера (wd:Q110945057)                                          | Владычица Озера (en)                                          |
| Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (wd:Q110945072) | Zaklínač VII: Paní jezera: pátý román o Geraltovi a Ciri (en) |
| ...                                                                      | ...                                                           |
| The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (wd:Q83974427)                    | The Last Wish: Introducing The Witcher (en)                   |
| wd:Q9196510                                                              |                                                               |
| Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (wd:Q9325932)                   | Manuscript Discovered in a Dragon's Cave (en)                 |
| The World of King Arthur. Maladie (wd:Q9396213)                          | The World of King Arthur. Maladie (en)                        |
| Viper (wd:Q969992)                                                       | Viper (en)                                                    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?person ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P166 wd:Q17985761 .
  ?person wdt:P172 wd:Q49085 .
}

According to Wikidata, 105 African-American people have received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many african-american people got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify "African-American people" in Wikidata.
2. We need to find people who have received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
3. We need to count how many people satisfy both criteria.

Step 1: Let's search for the entity representing "African-American people" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. human, also known as human being, person, people, nonfictional human, non-fictional human (wd:Q5): any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo
2. people, also known as folk, folks, peoples, volk (wd:Q2472587): plurality of persons considered as a whole, from a government perspective
3. African Americans, also known as Black or African American, African-American, Black Americans and Afro-Americans, Black Americans, African American people (wd:Q49085): Americans with sub-Saharan African ancestry
4. People, also known as People Magazine, People Weekly (wd:Q33659): American weekly magazine devoted to celebrity and human-interest
5. People (wd:Q3283364): Barbra Streisand's fourth solo studio album
6. People, also known as People (Windows), Windows Live Contacts, Windows Live People (wd:Q1398059): part of Microsoft's Windows Live services
7. People (wd:Q3899333): song written for the Broadway musical Funny Girl (1964)
8. People, also known as People Records (wd:Q3899338): US record label
9. People (wd:Q1685796): EP by Animal Collective
10. People, also known as People - Jet-Set 2 (wd:Q769695): 2004 film by Fabien Onteniente

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "African Americans" is wd:Q49085.

Next, let's identify the property or entity for "star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame." I'll search for this in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hollywood Walk of Fame, also known as Walk of Fame (wd:Q71719): more than 2,700 five-pointed terrazzo and brass stars embedded i...ulevard and three blocks of Vine Street in Hollywood, California
2. star on Hollywood Walk of Fame, also known as Hollywood Walk of Fame star (wd:Q17985761): award in the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Hollywood, California, United States
3. Hollywood's Rock Walk of Fame (wd:Q3139400)
4. Walk of Fame (wd:Q48673901): 2017 film by Jesse Thomas
5. Walk of Fame (wd:Q51084447): street in Saint Petersburg, Russia
6. Starr gets star; Ringo added to Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q18021457): Wikinews article
7. Walk of Fame (wd:Q7962075): memorial for famous dogs in Battersea Park, London, England, UK
8. walk of fame (wd:Q47502370): sidewalk or similar construction that commemorates outstanding individuals in a particular group
9. Walk of Fame (wd:Q114476628): episode of Cupcake Wars (S2 E11)
10. Walk of Fame, also known as Wigan's Walk of Fame, Believe Square (wd:Q121879112): public walkway in Wigan, England

[Assistant]
The relevant entity for the award is "star on Hollywood Walk of Fame" (wd:Q17985761).

Now, we need to find the property that links people to receiving a "star on Hollywood Walk of Fame." I'll search for properties related to "award received" or "Hollywood Walk of Fame."

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
2. for work, also known as awarded for work, citation for award, for their work on, nominated for work (wd:P1686 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): qualifier of award received (P166) to specify the work that an award was given to the creator for
3. winner, also known as nominee, prizewinner, titleholder, top dog, victor (wd:P1346 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): winner of a competition or similar event, not to be used for awa...ssibly qualified with "for work" (P1686)) or for wars or battles, participating team, participant
4. conferred by, also known as presented by, officiated by, issued by, granted by, given by (wd:P1027 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person or organization who grants an award, certification, grant, or role
5. nominated for, also known as nominee for, shortlisted for, selected for award, selected for, nominee for award (wd:P1411 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): award nomination received by a person, organisation or creative work (inspired from "award received" (Property:P166))
6. eligible recipient, also known as eligible recipient for award, type of recipient who is eligible for this award (wd:P8115 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): party that is eligible to receive something, like an award, grant or prize
7. award rationale, also known as award citation, rationale, award reason (wd:P6208 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): qualifier to add short citation explaining the official reason f... or add comments about a person's award. No quote marked needed.
8. trophy awarded, also known as cup awarded, diploma awarded, medal awarded (wd:P4622 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): trophy awarded at the end of a selection process or of a competi...winners or finishers under the form of a cup, a medal, a diploma
9. nominee, also known as award nominee (wd:P2453 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): qualifier used with “nominated for” to specify which person or organization was nominated
10. awarded for period (wd:P4566 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): period during which the achievement must have been made to be eligible for an award

[Assistant]
The property "award received" (wdt:P166) is used to indicate awards or recognitions received by a person, which is likely how a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is recorded.

Now, let's check if people who received a "star on Hollywood Walk of Fame" (wd:Q17985761) are linked via "award received" (wdt:P166). I'll list some examples of this property-object pair.

[Tool]
Got 2,429 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                  | object                                        |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| Donald Trump (wd:Q22686)   | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Michael Jackson (wd:Q2831) | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Ronald Reagan (wd:Q9960)   | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Charlie Chaplin (wd:Q882)  | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Thomas Edison (wd:Q8743)   | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| The Beatles (wd:Q1299)     | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Marilyn Monroe (wd:Q4616)  | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Neil Armstrong (wd:Q1615)  | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Elvis Presley (wd:Q303)    | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| Walt Disney (wd:Q8704)     | award received (wdt:P166) | star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (wd:Q17985761) |
| ...                        | ...                       | ...                                           |

[Assistant]
There are indeed many people linked to the "star on Hollywood Walk of Fame" via the "award received" property.

Now, we need to filter these people to only those who are African-American (wd:Q49085). We need to check how African-American identity is represented for people in Wikidata. This is often done via the "ethnic group" property. Let's search for the property "ethnic group."

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
2. diaspora, also known as diaspora of, part of diaspora (wd:P3833 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): diaspora that a cultural group belongs to
3. tribe, also known as community, member in tribe, member of tribe, tribal affiliation (wd:P12011 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): recognised membership in a society, mainly denoted by shared cultural heritage; for ethnicity use P172
4. classification of race, also known as classification of cycling race (wd:P2502 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): race for which this classification applies
5. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
6. demographics of topic, also known as demography of topic (wd:P9241 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): item that deals with demographics of the subject
7. population, also known as inhabitants, human population (wd:P1082 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of people inhabiting the place; number of people of subject
8. ancestral home, also known as native village, native place, ancestral village, ancestral homeplace, ancestral place (wd:P66 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): place of origin for ancestors of subject, significant place
9. number of speakers, writers, or signers, also known as signers of a language, speakers of language, writers of a language (wd:P1098 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): number of people who use a language
10. blood type, also known as blood group (wd:P1853 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): blood type of the human or animal

[Assistant]
The property "ethnic group" (wdt:P172) is used to indicate a person's ethnicity, which is what we need.

Now, let's put it all together:
- Select people (?person) who have "award received" (wdt:P166) "star on Hollywood Walk of Fame" (wd:Q17985761)
- AND have "ethnic group" (wdt:P172) "African Americans" (wd:Q49085)
- Count the number of such people.

I'll write the SPARQL query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count         |
| ------------- |
| 105 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?inventor WHERE {
  wd:Q163310 wdt:P61 ?inventor
}

The Turing machine was created by Alan Turing (wd:Q7251).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who created the Turing machine?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity "Turing machine" refers to a well-known concept in computer science.
2. The property "created by" or "inventor" is what we need to find for the Turing machine.

First, I will search for the entity "Turing machine" in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Turing machine, also known as deterministic Turing machine (wd:Q163310): abstract computation model; mathematical model of computation th...pulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules
2. Turing Machine (wd:Q7854958): band
3. Turing Machine (wd:Q118469770): Greek theatrical performance at the New Theatre of Katerina Vassilakou, Athens, 2022/3
4. Turing Machine (wd:Q116450980): 2022 board game
5. non-deterministic Turing machine, also known as nondeterministic Turing machine, NTM (wd:Q1190223): may have a set of rules that prescribes more than one action for...t actions may apply for the same combination of state and symbol
6. universal Turing machine, also known as UCM, Universal Computing Machine, UTM (wd:Q2703890): turing machine that can simulate an arbitrary Turing machine on ...e to be simulated as well as the input thereof from its own tape
7. probabilistic Turing machine (wd:Q1191836): non-deterministic Turing machine which chooses between the avail...sitions at each point according to some probability distribution
8. quantum Turing machine (wd:Q765620): model of quantum computation
9. Alternating Turing machine, also known as Alternating Turing Machine, ATM (wd:Q438833): abstract computation model
10. neural Turing machine (wd:Q25325414): neural network with external memory

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Turing machine" as a mathematical model of computation is wd:Q163310.

Next, I need to find the property that links a concept or invention to its creator, such as "creator", "inventor", or similar. I will search for properties related to "creator" and "inventor".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. collection creator, also known as creator, archive creator, collector, archives of, archive of (wd:P6241 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): entity (person, organization, etc.) that caused a record or collection to be produced or gathered
2. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
3. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
4. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
5. author name string, also known as short author name, writer named as, writer name, writer indicated as, songwriting credits string (wd:P2093 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): stores unspecified author or editor name for publications; use i...or editor (P98) does not exist or is not known. Do not use both.
6. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
7. possible creator, also known as creator (possible), attributed to (wd:P1779 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): for a creative work with considerable uncertainty about the author
8. developer, also known as written by, video game developer, video game dev, game developer, game dev (wd:P178 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): organization or person that developed the item, creator
9. fabrication method, also known as process used, method of cooking, preparation method, obtained by, method used (wd:P2079 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): method, process or technique used to grow, cook, weave, build, assemble, manufacture the item, uses
10. foundational text, also known as main text, treaty, organic law, founding document, establishing document (wd:P457 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): text through which an institution or object has been created or established

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. discoverer or inventor, also known as inventor or discoverer, inventor, invented by, invented, introduced by (wd:P61 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): subject who discovered, first described, invented, or developed this discovery or invention or scientific hypothesis or theory
2. time of discovery or invention, also known as invented in, time of invention, time of discovery, invention time, invented on (wd:P575 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): date or point in time when the item was discovered or invented
3. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
4. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
5. collection creator, also known as creator, archive creator, collector, archives of, archive of (wd:P6241 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): entity (person, organization, etc.) that caused a record or collection to be produced or gathered
6. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
7. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
8. Justia Patents inventor ID (wd:P3874 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): ID of an inventor in Justia Patents
9. author name string, also known as short author name, writer named as, writer name, writer indicated as, songwriting credits string (wd:P2093 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): stores unspecified author or editor name for publications; use i...or editor (P98) does not exist or is not known. Do not use both.
10. exhibited creator, also known as artist exhibited, exhibited artist (wd:P10661 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): intellectual or creative entity (person or organization) responsible for the elements exhibited, creator

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for "who created/invented the Turing machine" is "discoverer or inventor" (wd:P61).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the "discoverer or inventor" (wd:P61) of the "Turing machine" (wd:Q163310). I will also try to get the label of the inventor for clarity, but the main result will be the IRI.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| inventor               | inventorLabel    |
| ---------------------- | ---------------- |
| Alan Turing (wd:Q7251) | Alan Turing (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?inception WHERE {
  wd:Q523286 wdt:P571 ?inception
}

Hambach Castle was built around the year 1100.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] When was the Hambach Castle built?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity in question is "Hambach Castle".
2. The property we are interested in is the date or year it was built.

First, I will search for the entity "Hambach Castle" in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286): castle near the urban district Hambach of Neustadt an der Weinstraße in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
2. castle (wd:Q23413): type of fortified structure built in Europe, Asia and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by nobility
3. rook, also known as marquess, tower, Rook (chess), rector, R (wd:Q137): piece from the board game chess
4. castling, also known as castle (wd:Q102877): chess move in which the king moves 2 squares toward a rook, while the rook moves to the square passed over by the king
5. Castle (wd:Q386880): American police procedural comedy-drama television series (2009-2016)
6. Hambach (wd:Q22391): commune in Moselle, France
7. château, also known as castle, chateau, landschloss (wd:Q751876): type of manor house mostly built by noble families for representative purposes
8. Hambach, also known as Hambach (Diez) (wd:Q566907): municipality of Germany
9. Castle, also known as Castle, OK (wd:Q3287085): town in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States
10. Peveril Castle, also known as Peak Castle, Peveril Castle eleventh to fourteenth century tower keep castle, Castleton Castle (wd:Q255574): castle in Castleton, Derbyshire, England, UK

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Hambach Castle is wd:Q523286.

Next, I need to find the property related to the date or year a building was constructed. I'll search for properties related to "built" or "construction date".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
2. main building contractor, also known as contractor, general contractor, main contractor, prime contractor, constructed by (wd:P193 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): the main organization (or person) responsible for construction of this structure or building, manufacturer
3. manufacturer, also known as manufactured by, provider, provided by, product of, producer (wd:P176 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product
4. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
5. made from material, also known as material used, manufactured out of, manufactured from, made of material, made of (wd:P186 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): material the subject or the object is made of or derived from (do not confuse with P10672 which is used for processes), uses
6. total produced, also known as total made, total built, quantity issued, qty produced, qty made (wd:P1092 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): quantity of item produced
7. commissioned by, also known as client, orderer, made for, commissioner, built for (wd:P88 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): person or organization that commissioned this work
8. service entry, also known as commissioned, time of service entry, service introduction, launch date, in service (wd:P729 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service, start time
9. agent of action, also known as being done by, initiator, initiated by, done by, doer (wd:P12995 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): particular item that initiates this action or class of actions
10. practiced by, also known as proponent, studied by, practitioners, practioner, occupation of this field (wd:P3095 as wdtn/pqn/psn/psv/pq/pqv/pr/ps/prn/p/prv/wdt): type of agents that study this subject or work in this field

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for when something was built is likely "inception" (wd:P571), which is used for the time when an entity begins to exist. For buildings, this often corresponds to the construction or completion date.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the inception date for Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286), and also try to get a human-readable label for clarity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| inception                           | inceptionLabel |
| ----------------------------------- | -------------- |
| 1100-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |                |

[Tool] Stopped generation process