PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?person ) AS ?femaleMayorCount ) WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P39 wd:Q1362118 ; wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072 .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| femaleMayorCount |
| ---------------- |
| 0 (xsd:int)      |

Hamburg has had 0 different female First Mayors according to Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many different female mayors did Hamburg have?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Hamburg".
2. We need to find the property for "mayor" (likely "position held" or a specific "mayor of" property).
3. We need to filter for female mayors (gender: female).
4. We need to count the number of different individuals (distinct) who were female mayors of Hamburg.

First, I will search for the entity "Hamburg" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hamburg, also known as Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, Hamburg, Freie und Hansestadt (wd:Q1055): city and state in the North of Germany
2. Hamburger SV, also known as Hamburg SV, HSV, H.S.V., Hamburg Sport Club, HamburgerSV (wd:Q51974): German sports club based in Hamburg, with its largest branch being its football department
3. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, IA, Hamburg, Iowa (wd:Q998718): city in Fremont County, Iowa, United States
4. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, AR, Hamburg, Arkansas (wd:Q79657): city in Ashley County, Arkansas, United States
5. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, Minnesota, Hamburg, MN (wd:Q1005682): city in Carver County, Minnesota, United States
6. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, New Jersey, Hamburg, NJ (wd:Q1082931): borough in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States
7. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, New York, Hamburg, NY (wd:Q742785): town in Erie County, New York, United States
8. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, IL (wd:Q2672139): village in Calhoun County, Illinois, United States
9. Hamburg, also known as Hamburg, PA, Hamburg, Pennsylvania (wd:Q1181264): borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States
10. Hamburg, also known as Hamburgh (wd:Q939795): breed of chicken developed in Germany and Holland prior to 1700

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Hamburg, Germany is wd:Q1055.

Next, I need to find the property that links a person to being mayor of Hamburg. This is likely a "position held" property (P39), with the value being "mayor of Hamburg" or similar. I will search for the property "mayor" to confirm the best approach.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. head of government, also known as head of national government, mayor, premier, president, prime minister (wd:P6 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): head of the executive power of this town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body, director / manager, chairperson
2. head of state, also known as leader, state headed by, monarch, president, queen (wd:P35 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): official with the highest formal authority in a country/state, director / manager, chairperson
3. rector, also known as chancellor, university president, Rector (academia), president (wd:P1075 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): senior official in an educational institution., director / manager, chairperson
4. chairperson, also known as dean, headed by, leader, president, chairwoman (wd:P488 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): presiding member of an organization, group or body, director / manager, significant person
5. successful candidate, also known as election winner, winning candidate, winner of election, election won by, elected (wd:P991 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): person(s) or political organization(s) elected after the election, candidate, winner
6. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): persons who hold and/or held the position
7. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
8. legislative body, also known as aboriginal council, Zila, Tehsil, rural council, representative body (wd:P194 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): legislative body governing this entity; political institution wi...ted representatives, such as a parliament/legislature or council
9. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
10. elected in, also known as re-elected in, election (wd:P2715 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): election in which a person gained a position (as qualifier), or a position or legislative term is/was elected (as main value)

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for linking a person to being mayor is "position held" (wdt:P39). The value for this property should be a specific position, such as "mayor of Hamburg".

Next, I will search for the entity "mayor of Hamburg" to find the correct position value.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. First Mayor of Hamburg, also known as Erster Bürgermeister (wd:Q1362118): head of government of the city and state of Hamburg, Germany
2. mayor of Novo Hamburgo (wd:Q130279902): head of the Executive Power in the Brazilian municipality of Novo Hamburgo
3. [Response to the mayor of Hamburg] (wd:Q69674806): scientific article published on 01 October 1986
4. Mayor of Offemont (wd:Q65373654)
5. mayor of Ofoten (wd:Q114428464): public office in Norway
6. Mayor of Offekerque (wd:Q65373646)
7. mayor of Offenberg (wd:Q57522198): political position in Offenberg, Deggendorf district, Germany
8. Mayor of Offendorf (wd:Q65373653)
9. mayor of Offenhausen (wd:Q57523079): political position in Offenhausen, Nürnberger Land district, Germany
10. Mayor of Offignies (wd:Q65373660)

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the position is "First Mayor of Hamburg" (wd:Q1362118), which is the head of government of Hamburg.

Now, I need to find people who held the position "First Mayor of Hamburg" (wd:Q1362118) (using wdt:P39), and filter for those whose gender is female. I will search for the property "gender" to confirm its property ID.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. grammatical gender, also known as gender (wd:P5185 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical gender of the word
2. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
3. requires grammatical feature, also known as grammatical feature required, required grammatical feature, requires case, requires mood, uses case (wd:P5713 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical features required or generally used with lexeme or form of lexeme
4. has grammatical gender, also known as grammatical genders, has genders (wd:P5109 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): specific form of noun class system of a language. Use qualifier ... subject of" (P805) to link to language specific item if present
5. personal pronoun, also known as gender pronoun, personal gender pronoun, personal pronouns, PGP, PGPs (wd:P6553 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): personal pronoun(s) this person goes by
6. semantic gender, also known as natural gender (wd:P10339 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): used when a word is only used to refer to people of this gender or to animals of this sex, independent of the grammatical gender
7. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
8. gender educated (wd:P7419 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): genders educated at this educational institution
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)
10. given name version for other gender, also known as personal name version for other gender, other genders given name, male version of this female given name, gender inflection of given name, female version of this male given name (wd:P1560 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): equivalent name (with respect to the meaning of the name) in the...n of a female first name. Add primarily the closest matching one

[Assistant]
The correct property for "sex or gender" is wdt:P21.

Now, I need to find the entity for "female" to use as the value for the gender property. I will search for the entity "female".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. female organism, also known as ♀, female, female animal, female creature, sex — female (wd:Q43445): organism of the female sex
2. Female (wd:Q639354): 1933 Warner Bros. pre-code film
3. female, also known as female human, women, woman, lady, human female (wd:Q6581072): to be used in "sex or gender" (P21) to indicate that the human s...nder" (P10339) to indicate that a word refers to a female person
4. Female, also known as Fîmeiru ,(Female) (wd:Q5442715): 2005 film directed by Shinya Tsukamoto
5. The Female, also known as Female (wd:Q18708947): 1924 film by Sam Wood
6. female connector, also known as female contact, female fastener, female (wd:Q11659367): gender of connectors and fasteners
7. Female (wd:Q47128284): song by Keith Urban
8. Female (wd:Q5442717): 1933 novel by Donald Henderson Clarke
9. Female (wd:Q130232348): enemy type in the 2023 video game World of Horror
10. Female (wd:Q63650079): theatrical character in the play "Yerma"

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "female" as a gender is wd:Q6581072.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to:
- Find all people (?person) who held the position "First Mayor of Hamburg" (wd:Q1362118) (wdt:P39)
- Whose gender (wdt:P21) is "female" (wd:Q6581072)
- Count the number of distinct such people

I will also optionally return their labels for context.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| femaleMayorCount |
| ---------------- |
| 0 (xsd:int)      |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and follows all the required rules. It counts the number of distinct female individuals who have held the position of First Mayor of Hamburg (wd:Q1362118) using the appropriate properties for position held (P39) and sex or gender (P21). The answer is consistent with the query result. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?dob WHERE {
  wd:Q43347 wdt:P569 ?dob
}

Rumi was born on September 30, 1207.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] When was Rumi born?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Rumi", the famous Persian poet.
2. The property we are interested in is "date of birth".

First, I will search for the entity "Rumi" in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Rumi, also known as Mawlana, Mawlana Rumi, Mawlawi, Jallal ed-Din Muhammad Balkhy, Jelaluddin Rumi (wd:Q43347): Sufi and Persian poet, philosopher, literary, writer, mystic, ʿālim, poet
2. Rum, also known as Arwām, Rūm, Rūmī (wd:Q3943294): autonym
3. Rūmī (wd:Q25908371): crater on planet Mercury
4. POGLUT1, also known as MDSRP, Rumi, protein O-glucosyltransferase 1, MDS010, LGMDR21 (wd:Q18042749): protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
5. Lanmewko, also known as Rumi (wd:Q109342876): Taiwanese Virtual YouTuber, Twitch streamer, VTuber
6. Rumi Rumiyuq (wd:Q25104391): mountain in Bolivia
7. Rumi, also known as るみ (wd:Q97655647): Japanese female given name (るみ)
8. Rumi (wd:Q11241326): Japanese master of ceremonies, rapper
9. Rumi (wd:Q11578550): Japanese actress, actor
10. Rumi (wd:Q19949377)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Rumi" the poet is wd:Q43347.

Next, I will search for the property corresponding to "date of birth" to find Rumi's birth date.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. birthday, also known as b-day, bday, birth day (wd:P3150 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): item for day and month on which the subject was born. Used when full "date of birth" (P569) isn't known., date of birth
4. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
5. commemorates, also known as monument to, memorial to, memorializes, marks, in memory of (wd:P547 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): what the place, monument, memorial, or holiday, commemorates, main subject
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
8. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
9. website username or ID, also known as user name, website username, website ID, username in social media, username (wd:P554 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): username or identifier on a website that the person or movement ... account on, for use as qualifier of "website account on" (P553)
10. pseudonym, also known as nom de plume, nom-de-plume, nome de guerre, pen name, ring name (wd:P742 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): alias used by someone (for nickname use P1449), name

[Assistant]
The property "date of birth" is wd:P569.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to get the date of birth for Rumi (wd:Q43347) using the property wd:P569.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| dob                                 |
| ----------------------------------- |
| 1207-09-30T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and directly retrieves the date of birth (P569) for Rumi (wd:Q43347) from Wikidata. The answer provided matches the result of the query. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?deaths ?injured WHERE {
  OPTIONAL {
    wd:Q815436 wdt:P1120 ?deaths
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    wd:Q815436 wdt:P1339 ?injured
  }
}

According to Wikidata, the Troubles resulted in 3,532 deaths and 47,541 injuries.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many casualties were a result of the Troubles?

[Assistant]
First, I need to identify the entity representing "the Troubles" and properties related to "casualties" (such as number of deaths, fatalities, or casualties) in Wikidata.

Step 1: Search for the entity "the Troubles".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Troubles, also known as Troubles, Northern Irish Troubles, Northern Ireland Troubles, Northern Ireland conflict, Conflict in Northern Ireland (wd:Q815436): 1960s–1990s conflict in Northern Ireland
2. The Troubles (wd:Q7770391): term used within the fictional world represented in Haven
3. The Troubles (wd:Q18164392): 2004 double studio album by The Wolfe Tones
4. A Short History of The Troubles, also known as The Troubles (wd:Q117377239): 2014 edition of work by Feeney giving a history of The Troubles in Northern Ireland
5. The Troubles (wd:Q18008022): episode of Law & Order (S1 E20)
6. The Troubles (wd:Q108529118): episode of New York Undercover
7. The Troubleshooters, also known as Troubleshooters (wd:Q15927774): 1988 Chinese film
8. The Tenderfoot's Troubles (wd:Q20006146): 1912 film by Pat Hartigan
9. The Troubleshooters (wd:Q104872604): US television series
10. The Troubleshooters (wd:Q3540911): American television series

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "the Troubles" is wd:Q815436, which refers to the 1960s–1990s conflict in Northern Ireland.

Next, I need to find a property related to "casualties" or "number of deaths" that could be associated with this entity. I will search for properties related to "casualties".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. number of deaths, also known as dead, qty fatalities, qty deaths, number of fatalities, fatalities (wd:P1120 as wdt/p): total (cumulative) number of people who died since start as a direct result of an event or cause
2. number of injured, also known as injured, injuries, injury toll, non-fatal injuries, number injured (wd:P1339 as wdt/p): number of people with non-fatal injuries in an event
3. point in time, also known as at time, as of, year, when, time of event (wd:P585 as wdt/p): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)
4. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as wdt/p): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time
5. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as wdt/p): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
6. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
7. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
8. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
9. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as wdt/p): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties found are:
- number of deaths (wdt:P1120)
- number of injured (wdt:P1339)

Since the question asks about "casualties," which typically includes both deaths and injuries, I will retrieve both properties for "the Troubles" (wd:Q815436).

I will now construct a SPARQL query to get the number of deaths and number of injured for the Troubles.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| deaths             | injured             |
| ------------------ | ------------------- |
| 3532 (xsd:decimal) | 47541 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the number of deaths and injuries associated with the Troubles (wd:Q815436) using the appropriate properties for deaths (wdt:P1120) and injuries (wdt:P1339). The answer provided matches the query result and is accurate according to the data in Wikidata. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?brother ) AS ?livingBrothers ) ( GROUP_CONCAT( STR( ?brother ) ; separator = ", " ) AS ?livingBrotherIRIs ) ( GROUP_CONCAT( ?label ; separator = ", " ) AS ?livingBrotherLabels ) WHERE {
  wd:Q189307 wdt:P3373 ?brother .
  ?brother wdt:P21 wd:Q6581097 .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?brother wdt:P570 ?dod
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?brother rdfs:label ?label FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = "en" )
  }
}

According to Wikidata, five of Reinhold Messner's brothers are still alive: Hubert Messner, Helmut Messner, Erich Messner, Hansjörg Messner, and Werner Messner. This count is based on the absence of a date of death in Wikidata, so it may not be fully up to date or complete. The IRIs of these brothers are included in the query result for transparency.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many of Reinhold Messner's brothers still live?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify Reinhold Messner in Wikidata.
2. We need to find his brothers.
3. For each brother, we need to check if they are still alive (i.e., do not have a date of death).
4. Finally, we need to count how many brothers are still alive.

First, let's search for "Reinhold Messner" in Wikidata to get his entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307): Italian mountaineer, adventurer and explorer, film director, mountaineer, politician, explorer, writer
2. Reinhold Messner, also known as Reinhold Meßner, Reinhold Oswald Messner (wd:Q121337911): Austrian Franciscan priest and philosopher, regular priest, philosopher
3. Markus Lanz und Reinhold Messner (wd:Q55978741): episode of Reinhold Beckmann trifft … (S1 E2)
4. The Unauthorized Biography of Reinhold Messner (wd:Q3989773): album by Ben Folds Five
5. 18092 Reinhold, also known as Reinhold (wd:Q2618622): asteroid
6. Reinhold (wd:Q2141320): lunar impact crater
7. Messner (wd:Q28812178): family name
8. Reinhold, also known as Reinhold (first name), Reinhold (given name) (wd:Q18091397): male given name
9. Bernhard Reinhold, also known as B. Reinhold, Reinhold (wd:Q16761534): German painter, painter
10. Messner (wd:Q1777589): 2012 film directed by Andreas Nickel

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for Reinhold Messner, the Italian mountaineer, is wd:Q189307.

Next, I need to find his brothers. To do this, I will search for properties related to "brother" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. sibling, also known as is sister of, is the brother of, is the sibling of, is the sister of, sib (wd:P3373 as wdt/p): the subject and the object have at least one common parent (brot...law, etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.), relative
2. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as wdt/p): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
3. unmarried partner, also known as romantic partner, partner of, partners, posslq, relationship (wd:P451 as wdt/p): someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples, significant person
4. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as wdt/p): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
5. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as wdt/p): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
6. mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as wdt/p): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
7. partner in business or sport, also known as professional partner, sport partner, sports partner, team mate, team-mate (wd:P1327 as wdt/p): professional collaborator, significant person
8. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
9. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as wdt/p): date on which the subject was born, inception
10. member of political party, also known as political party member, political party, party membership, party, member of party (wd:P102 as wdt/p): the political party of which a person is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated, member of

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "sibling" (wdt:P3373) is used for both brothers and sisters. To identify brothers specifically, I will need to filter the siblings by gender (male).

Next, I will list the siblings of Reinhold Messner using wdt:P3373 and check their genders.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property            | object                             |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Günther Messner (wd:Q195351)       |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Hubert Messner (wd:Q28032172)      |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Helmut Messner (wd:Q28053539)      |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Siegfried Messner (wd:Q28053544)   |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Erich Messner (wd:Q28053548)       |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Waltraud Kastlunger (wd:Q28053561) |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Hansjörg Messner (wd:Q28053579)    |
| Reinhold Messner (wd:Q189307) | sibling (wdt:P3373) | Werner Messner (wd:Q28053586)      |

[Assistant]
Reinhold Messner has the following siblings in Wikidata:
- Günther Messner (wd:Q195351)
- Hubert Messner (wd:Q28032172)
- Helmut Messner (wd:Q28053539)
- Siegfried Messner (wd:Q28053544)
- Erich Messner (wd:Q28053548)
- Waltraud Kastlunger (wd:Q28053561)
- Hansjörg Messner (wd:Q28053579)
- Werner Messner (wd:Q28053586)

To identify his brothers, I need to check the gender of each sibling and select only the males. Let's check the gender property (likely wdt:P21) for each sibling.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. grammatical gender, also known as gender (wd:P5185 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical gender of the word
2. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
3. requires grammatical feature, also known as grammatical feature required, required grammatical feature, requires case, requires mood, uses case (wd:P5713 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical features required or generally used with lexeme or form of lexeme
4. has grammatical gender, also known as grammatical genders, has genders (wd:P5109 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): specific form of noun class system of a language. Use qualifier ... subject of" (P805) to link to language specific item if present
5. personal pronoun, also known as gender pronoun, personal gender pronoun, personal pronouns, PGP, PGPs (wd:P6553 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): personal pronoun(s) this person goes by
6. semantic gender, also known as natural gender (wd:P10339 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): used when a word is only used to refer to people of this gender or to animals of this sex, independent of the grammatical gender
7. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
8. gender educated (wd:P7419 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): genders educated at this educational institution
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)
10. given name version for other gender, also known as personal name version for other gender, other genders given name, male version of this female given name, gender inflection of given name, female version of this male given name (wd:P1560 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): equivalent name (with respect to the meaning of the name) in the...n of a female first name. Add primarily the closest matching one

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property                | object             |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Günther Messner (wd:Q195351) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                | object             |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Hubert Messner (wd:Q28032172) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                | object             |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Helmut Messner (wd:Q28053539) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                | object             |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Siegfried Messner (wd:Q28053544) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property                | object             |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Erich Messner (wd:Q28053548) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                            | property                | object               |
| ---------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------- |
| Waltraud Kastlunger (wd:Q28053561) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | female (wd:Q6581072) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                | object             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Hansjörg Messner (wd:Q28053579) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                | object             |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| Werner Messner (wd:Q28053586) | sex or gender (wdt:P21) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Assistant]
All siblings except Waltraud Kastlunger (female) are male, so Reinhold Messner has 7 brothers:
- Günther Messner
- Hubert Messner
- Helmut Messner
- Siegfried Messner
- Erich Messner
- Hansjörg Messner
- Werner Messner

Now, I need to check which of these brothers are still alive. This can be determined by the absence of a "date of death" (wdt:P570) property.

I will now construct a SPARQL query that:
- Selects all male siblings of Reinhold Messner
- Filters for those without a date of death
- Counts the number of such brothers

Let's write and execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| livingBrothers |
| -------------- |
| 5 (xsd:int)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is mostly correct and sensibly constructed: it counts the number of male siblings (brothers) of Reinhold Messner who do not have a date of death (i.e., are presumably still alive). However, there are a few points to refine:

1. The property wdt:P3373 (sibling) is symmetric and includes both brothers and sisters. The query correctly filters for male siblings, but it does not distinguish between full brothers and half-brothers or step-brothers, which may or may not be intended by the user.
2. The query assumes that the absence of a date of death means the person is alive, which is a common approach but should be noted as a limitation.
3. The query does not return the IRIs of the brothers, only the count. While the user only asked for the number, for completeness and to follow best practices, it would be better to also return the IRIs of the brothers in an optional clause or as part of the query, unless the user explicitly requested only the count.

Suggestion: Consider returning the IRIs of the living brothers as well, or at least include them in the query output for transparency. Also, clarify in the answer that the count is based on Wikidata's current information and may not be fully up to date.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Here’s how I will refine the approach:

1. I will modify the SPARQL query to return both the count and the IRIs of the living brothers.
2. I will include the brothers’ IRIs in the output, and optionally their labels for transparency.
3. I will clarify in the answer that the count is based on Wikidata’s current information and that the absence of a date of death is used as a proxy for being alive.

Let’s construct the improved query.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Invalid SPARQL query: The target ?brotherLabel of an AS clause was already used in the query body.

[Assistant]
The error occurred because the variable ?brotherLabel was used both in the OPTIONAL clause and in the AS clause. To fix this, I will use a different variable in the OPTIONAL clause and then use AS to rename it in the SELECT.

Let me correct the query and try again.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| livingBrothers | livingBrotherIRIs                                                   | livingBrotherLabels                                                 |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 5 (xsd:int)    | http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q...ww.wikidata.org/entity/Q28053586 | Hubert Messner, Helmut Messner, ...Hansjörg Messner, Werner Messner |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer is mostly correct and the SPARQL query is well-constructed, returning the IRIs of the living brothers as required. However, there are a few points for refinement:

1. The query currently filters for male siblings only (wdt:P21 wd:Q6581097), which is appropriate if the question is specifically about brothers. This is correct.
2. The query uses FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?brother wdt:P570 ?dod } to check for living brothers, which is a reasonable approach given Wikidata's structure.
3. The query returns the count, IRIs, and labels, which is good for transparency.

However, the answer should clarify that the count is based on the absence of a date of death in Wikidata, which may not be fully up to date, and that the result is only as accurate as the data available. This is mentioned in the answer, so that's good.

One minor refinement: The GROUP_CONCAT for IRIs and labels could be omitted if only the count is required, but including them for transparency is acceptable. Optionally, the query could sort or order the results for readability, but this is not strictly necessary.

Overall, the answer and query are correct and complete, but a note about data completeness and possible Wikidata incompleteness is important (which is already included).

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?olympics ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q25369 wdt:P1344 ?olympics .
  ?olympics wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q159821 .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

Kobe Bryant took part in 2 Olympic Games.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many Olympic Games has Kobe Bryant taken part in?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for Kobe Bryant.
2. We need to find the property that links a person to their participation in the Olympic Games.
3. We need to count the number of Olympic Games Kobe Bryant participated in.

First, I will search for the entity "Kobe Bryant" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kobe Bryant, also known as Kobe Bean Bryant, Kobe B. Bryant, Kobe, KB24, Black Mamba (wd:Q25369): American basketball player (1978–2020), professional athlete, basketball player, screenwriter
2. Kobe Bryant Day (wd:Q98969272): proposed Federal Holiday
3. death of Kobe Bryant, also known as Kobe Bryant death, Kobe Bryant's death (wd:Q83737550): 26 January 2020 death of Kobe Bryant in helicopter crash
4. Kobe Bryant Boulevard (wd:Q107299206): proposed street renaming in Los Angeles
5. NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player Award, also known as Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player Award, Kobe Bryant MVP Award, NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant MVP Award (wd:Q31391): basketball award of the National Basketball Association (NBA)
6. Kobe Bryant China Fund (wd:Q6424297): for education, sports, and culture programs for children from China and the United States
7. Statue of Kobe Bryant (wd:Q125101336): sculpture in Los Angeles, California, U.S
8. Kobe Bryant/Ice Cube (wd:Q125446155): episode of All That (S4 E19)
9. Kobe Bryant sexual assault case (wd:Q6424298): legal case
10. Kobe Bryant in NBA Courtside (wd:Q3198120): 1998 video game

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Kobe Bryant is wd:Q25369.

Next, I need to find the property that links a person to their participation in the Olympic Games. I will search for properties related to "Olympic participation".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. record or record progression, also known as olympic record, world record (wd:P2869 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): links to item on the record or record progression
2. New Zealand Olympic Committee athlete ID, also known as NZOC athlete ID, Olympic NZ, olympic.org.nz (wd:P4056 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): identifier for an athlete (sportsperson) at olympic.org.nz, a website of the New Zealand Olympic Committee (NZOC)
3. Kazakhstan Olympic Committee athlete ID, also known as NOC Kazakhstan athlete ID, olympic.kz, National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan athlete ID (wd:P11024 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): identifier for an athlete at the National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan website
4. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
5. Olympic.org athlete ID (archived), also known as Olympic.org athlete identifier (archived), Olympic.org ID (wd:P3171 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): identifier for an athlete (sportsperson) at Olympic.org, a former website of the International Olympic Committee
6. sports discipline competed in, also known as sport discipline competed in, weight class competed in, sports event, sports disciplines competed in, sports discipline (wd:P2416 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): discipline an athlete competed in within a sport, field of work
7. sports competition competed at (wd:P5249 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): edition of sports competitions at which the club or team that pl...ple: 2012–13 FC Barcelona season → 2012–13 UEFA Champions League
8. number of players in region, also known as number of people practicing sport, number of registered players, number of sportspeople, number of sportspersons (wd:P4909 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): number of registered players in a sport or people practicing a sport in a region
9. Sports-Reference.com Olympic athlete ID (archived), also known as Olympic Reference ID, Sports-Reference.com Olympic athlete identifier (archived), Sports Reference ID, SRID, SR/Olympics athlete ID (wd:P1447 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): identifier for an Olympic athlete (sportsperson) at sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/
10. country for sport, also known as sports nationality, sports country, sport nationality, sporting nationality, sport country (wd:P1532 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): country a person or a team represents when playing a sport, country

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for linking a person to their participation in specific sports competitions, including the Olympics, appears to be "sports competition competed at" (wd:P5249).

Next, I will check which values Kobe Bryant has for this property to see if it includes Olympic Games editions.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that Kobe Bryant does not have direct statements for "sports competition competed at" (wdt:P5249) in Wikidata, or at least none are currently available.

As an alternative, I will look for properties related to "Olympic Games" specifically for Kobe Bryant. I will search for properties of Kobe Bryant related to "Olympic".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Olympic.org athlete ID (archived), also known as Olympic.org athlete identifier (archived), Olympic.org ID (wd:P3171 as wdt/p): identifier for an athlete (sportsperson) at Olympic.org, a former website of the International Olympic Committee
2. Sports-Reference.com Olympic athlete ID (archived), also known as Olympic Reference ID, Sports-Reference.com Olympic athlete identifier (archived), Sports Reference ID, SRID, SR/Olympics athlete ID (wd:P1447 as wdt/p): identifier for an Olympic athlete (sportsperson) at sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/
3. Olympics.com athlete ID, also known as OC ID (archived), OCID (archived), OlympicChannel athlete ID (archived), OlympicChannel.com athlete ID (archived) (wd:P5815 as wdt/p): identifier for an athlete (sportsperson) at Olympics.com, a webs...c Committee (IOC) - same ID as former website OlympicChannel.com
4. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as wdt/p): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
5. country for sport, also known as sports nationality, sports country, sport nationality, sporting nationality, sport country (wd:P1532 as wdt/p): country a person or a team represents when playing a sport, country
6. participant in, also known as participated in, present at, takes part, took part, took part in (wd:P1344 as wdt/p): event in which a person or organization was/is a participant; inverse of P710 or P1923, significant event, part of
7. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as wdt/p): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
8. Team USA athlete former ID (archived), also known as USOC athlete ID (archived), USOPC athlete ID (archived), United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee athlete ID (archived), United States Olympic Committee athlete ID (archived), TeamUSA.org athlete ID (archived) (wd:P4063 as wdt/p): former identifier for an athlete (sportsperson) at TeamUSA.org, ...site at the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC)
9. Olympedia people ID, also known as Olympedia athlete ID, Olympedia coach ID, Olympedia referee ID (wd:P8286 as wdt/p): identifier for an athlete (sportsperson), coach, referee, etc. at Olympedia.org
10. databaseOlympics.com athlete ID (archived), also known as databaseOlympics.com athlete ID, databaseOlympics.com athlete identifier (archived), databaseOlympics.com ID (wd:P3520 as wdt/p): identifier for an Olympic athlete (sportsperson) at databaseOlympics.com

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "participant in" (wd:P1344) is promising, as it links a person to events they participated in, which could include specific Olympic Games editions.

I will now list the values for Kobe Bryant (wd:Q25369) with the property "participant in" (wdt:P1344) to see if any Olympic Games are included.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property                   | object                                       |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| Kobe Bryant (wd:Q25369) | participant in (wdt:P1344) | 2012 Summer Olympics (wd:Q8577)              |
| Kobe Bryant (wd:Q25369) | participant in (wdt:P1344) | 2008 Summer Olympics (wd:Q8567)              |
| Kobe Bryant (wd:Q25369) | participant in (wdt:P1344) | 2007 FIBA Americas Championship (wd:Q178595) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
It appears that my last query did not correctly count the Olympic Games Kobe Bryant participated in, possibly due to the filter used. From the previous listing, we saw that Kobe Bryant participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics (wd:Q8577) and the 2008 Summer Olympics (wd:Q8567).

To ensure accuracy, I will write a query that counts only the "Summer Olympics" events Kobe Bryant participated in, by filtering for items that are instances of "Summer Olympic Games" (wd:Q159821).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the number of distinct Olympic Games in which Kobe Bryant participated, using the appropriate properties and filtering for events that are (subclasses of) Summer Olympic Games. The answer matches the expected result and the query follows all the specified rules. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?state WHERE {
  wd:Q2695156 wdt:P551 ?residence .
  ?residence wdt:P131 ?state .
  ?state wdt:P31 wd:Q35657 .
}

Batman is living in the state of New Jersey.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] which state inside USA is batman living in?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Batman" in Wikidata.
2. We need to find the property that links Batman to a place of residence or location.
3. We need to ensure that the place is a state within the USA.

Let's start by searching for the entity "Batman" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Batman, also known as the Dark Knight, Mordecai Wayne, Bruce Wayne, Wayne, Bruce, the Insider (wd:Q2695156): fictional character in DC Comics, chief executive officer, philanthropist, businessperson, martial artist, vigilante, detective, superhero
2. Batman, also known as the Bat-Man, the Batman, the Caped Crusader, the Bat, Sir Hemingford Grey (wd:Q2695156): fictional character in DC Comics, chief executive officer, businessperson, martial artist, philanthropist, vigilante, detective, superhero
3. Batman (wd:Q159835): central district and city in Turkey
4. Batman Province, also known as Batman (wd:Q80370): province of Turkey
5. Batman, also known as Tim Burton's Batman (wd:Q116852): 1989 film directed by Tim Burton
6. The Batman, also known as Batman (wd:Q61117344): 2022 superhero film by Matt Reeves
7. Batman: The Animated Series, also known as The Adventures of Batman & Robin., BTAS, Batman The Animated Series, Batman TAS, Batman: TAS (wd:Q673517): American animated television series
8. Batman, also known as Batman: The Movie (wd:Q810857): 1966 film directed by Leslie H. Martinson
9. Batman, also known as Batman 1966, Batman 66, Batman '66 (wd:Q1247201): 1960s American television series
10. The Batman, also known as Batman (wd:Q635933): American animated television series (2004–2008)

[Assistant]
The top result for "Batman" as a fictional character is wd:Q2695156. Next, we need to find the property that links Batman to a place of residence or location.

Let's search for properties related to "residence" or "location" for the entity wd:Q2695156.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as wdt/p): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location
2. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt/p): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
3. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt/p): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
4. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. unmarried partner, also known as romantic partner, partner of, partners, posslq, relationship (wd:P451 as wdt/p): someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples, significant person
6. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. student, also known as teacher to, teacher of, had student, students, pupils (wd:P802 as wdt/p): notable student(s) of the subject individual, significant person
8. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as wdt/p): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country
9. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as wdt/p): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
10. member of, also known as band member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group, be member of (wd:P463 as wdt/p): organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs...ical position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that), part of

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "residence" (wdt:P551) is the most relevant for finding where Batman is living. Now, let's check what values are associated with Batman's residence.

I'll list the objects for the property "residence" (wdt:P551) for Batman (wd:Q2695156).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject              | property             | object                   |
| -------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ |
| Batman (wd:Q2695156) | residence (wdt:P551) | Gotham City (wd:Q732858) |

[Assistant]
Batman’s residence is listed as "Gotham City" (wd:Q732858). Next, we need to determine which state inside the USA Gotham City is located in, if any.

Let's search for properties of Gotham City related to location, state, or country.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as wdt/p): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
2. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
3. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
4. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
5. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
6. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
7. present in work, also known as is shown in, in work, in narrative, character in, from work (wd:P1441 as wdt/p): this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person appea...r works, P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)
8. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdt/p): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "located in the administrative territorial entity" (wdt:P131) is relevant for finding which state Gotham City is in. Let's list the values for this property for Gotham City (wd:Q732858).

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                  | property                                                    | object                                     |
| ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Gotham City (wd:Q732858) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | United States (wd:Q30)                     |
| Gotham City (wd:Q732858) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | New Jersey (wd:Q1408)                      |
| Gotham City (wd:Q732858) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | East Coast of the United States (wd:Q4268) |

[Assistant]
Gotham City is associated with the United States (wd:Q30), the East Coast of the United States (wd:Q4268), and specifically New Jersey (wd:Q1408) as its administrative territorial entity.

Therefore, the state inside the USA where Batman is living is New Jersey.

Now, I will provide the final SPARQL query and answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the state in which Batman resides by following the residence property from Batman to a location, then finding the state that location is in, and ensuring it is a U.S. state. The query returns the IRI of the state, fulfilling the requirements. The answer is correct and complete.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?member ) AS ?numWomen ) WHERE {
  VALUES ?member {
    wd:Q229272 wd:Q161143 wd:Q156700 wd:Q164124
  }
  ?member wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| numWomen    |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

There were 0 women among the founding members of 'The Bridge' ('Die Brücke').

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many women were amongst the founding members of “The Bridge” (“Die Brücke”)?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "The Bridge" ("Die Brücke"), which is an artist group.
2. We need to find the founding members of this group.
3. Among those founding members, we need to determine how many are women.

Step 1: Search for the entity "The Bridge" or "Die Brücke" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Die Brücke, also known as The Bridge (wd:Q152778): German expressionist artist group
2. The Bridge, also known as Die Brücke, Freedom to Die (wd:Q509003): 1959 film directed by Bernhard Wicki
3. The Bridge, also known as Die Brücke (wd:Q1211772): short story by Franz Kafka
4. Die Brücke (wd:Q1211761): 2008 film directed by Wolfgang Panzer
5. Die Brücke (wd:Q895658): voluntary association
6. Die Brücke (wd:Q1211771): 1958 novel by Gregor Dorfmeister
7. Die Brücke (wd:Q1211766): former culture club in Brunswick, Germany
8. Brücke, Die (wd:Q103894820): encyclopedia article
9. Die Brücke (wd:Q123592907): periodical
10. Die Brücke (wd:Q120402955)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "The Bridge" ("Die Brücke") as the German expressionist artist group is wd:Q152778.

Next, we need to find the founding members of this group. Let's search for properties related to "founder" or "founding member" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as wdt/p): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
2. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
3. influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as wdt/p): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”
4. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
5. GND ID, also known as Deutschen Nationalbibliothek ID, Universal Authority File, Integrated Authority File, IndividualisedGnd, GND-IDN (wd:P227 as wdtn/wdt/p): identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations
6. followed by, also known as continued as, then, successor, succeeded by, sequel is (wd:P156 as wdt/p): immediately following item in a series of which the subject is a...een replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)]

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "founded by" (wd:P112) is the most relevant for finding the founding members of "Die Brücke".

Next, I will list the values for the property "founded by" (wd:P112) for the entity wd:Q152778 to identify the founding members.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property              | object                             |
| ----------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Die Brücke (wd:Q152778) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (wd:Q229272) |
| Die Brücke (wd:Q152778) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (wd:Q161143) |
| Die Brücke (wd:Q152778) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Erich Heckel (wd:Q156700)          |
| Die Brücke (wd:Q152778) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Fritz Bleyl (wd:Q164124)           |

[Assistant]
The founding members of "Die Brücke" are:
- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (wd:Q229272)
- Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (wd:Q161143)
- Erich Heckel (wd:Q156700)
- Fritz Bleyl (wd:Q164124)

Now, we need to determine the gender of each of these individuals and count how many are women. Let's search for the property related to gender.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. grammatical gender, also known as gender (wd:P5185 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical gender of the word
2. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
3. requires grammatical feature, also known as grammatical feature required, required grammatical feature, requires case, requires mood, uses case (wd:P5713 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): grammatical features required or generally used with lexeme or form of lexeme
4. has grammatical gender, also known as grammatical genders, has genders (wd:P5109 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): specific form of noun class system of a language. Use qualifier ... subject of" (P805) to link to language specific item if present
5. personal pronoun, also known as gender pronoun, personal gender pronoun, personal pronouns, PGP, PGPs (wd:P6553 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): personal pronoun(s) this person goes by
6. semantic gender, also known as natural gender (wd:P10339 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): used when a word is only used to refer to people of this gender or to animals of this sex, independent of the grammatical gender
7. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
8. gender educated (wd:P7419 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): genders educated at this educational institution
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)
10. given name version for other gender, also known as personal name version for other gender, other genders given name, male version of this female given name, gender inflection of given name, female version of this male given name (wd:P1560 as pqn/psn/pq/pqv/prv/ps/wdtn/psv/pr/p/prn/wdt): equivalent name (with respect to the meaning of the name) in the...n of a female first name. Add primarily the closest matching one

[Assistant]
The property "sex or gender" (wd:P21) is the correct one to use for determining the gender of the founding members.

Next, I will write a SPARQL query to get the gender of each founding member and count how many are women (female).

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| member                             | gender             |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Erich Heckel (wd:Q156700)          | male (wd:Q6581097) |
| Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (wd:Q161143) | male (wd:Q6581097) |
| Fritz Bleyl (wd:Q164124)           | male (wd:Q6581097) |
| Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (wd:Q229272) | male (wd:Q6581097) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the number of women among the founding members of 'The Bridge' by checking the gender property for each founding member. The answer is accurate and the query follows all the required rules. No further refinement is necessary.