PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?creator ?creatorLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1211977 wdt:P170 ?creator .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?creator rdfs:label ?creatorLabel FILTER ( lang( ?creatorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| creator                      | creatorLabel        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) | Michael Jacobs (en) |
| Bob Young (wd:Q4934478)      | Bob Young (en)      |

The creators of the Dinosaurs TV show are Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) and Bob Young (wd:Q4934478).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is the creator of the Dinosaurs tv show ?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the creator of the "Dinosaurs" TV show.
2. I need to identify the correct entity for the "Dinosaurs" TV show in Wikidata.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a TV show to its creator.

Step 1: Search for the "Dinosaurs" TV show entity in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. television program, also known as TV show, television broadcast, T.V. show, T. V. show, TV programme (wd:Q15416): segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast on television
2. television series, also known as TV show, TV-series, television show, TV series (wd:Q5398426): connected set of television program episodes under the same title
3. Show TV (wd:Q2006738): Turkish television station
4. TV Show (wd:Q3281229): 2007 album by Sergey Lazarev
5. reality television, also known as reality TV program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q182415): genre of television programming that documents unscripted situations and actual occurrences
6. Showtime, also known as Showtime (TV network), Showtime TV, Showtime Networks, Showtime Entertainment, SHO (wd:Q23589): American premium cable TV channel
7. television presenter, also known as television anchor, TV show host, TV presenter, TV host, TV anchor (wd:Q947873): person who introduces or hosts television programs
8. variety show, also known as television variety program, television variety show, variety, variety entertainment, variety program (wd:Q336181): television genre characterized by a series of specialty acts such as music, dance, comedy, magic, acrobatics and ventriloquism
9. reality show, also known as reality television program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q3421644): television genre
10. television series season, also known as TV show season, TV series season, TV season, season of a TV show, television show season (wd:Q3464665): set of episodes produced for a television series

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. dinosaur, also known as dino, Dinosauria, dinosaurs (wd:Q430): clade of archosaurian reptiles (Archosauria)
2. Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977): television program
3. Dinosaurs, also known as Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up... for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages (wd:Q5186590): book by Thomas R. Holtz, Jr.
4. Dinosaurs (wd:Q18351859): 1987 novelette by Walter Jon Williams
5. Dinosaurs (wd:Q28419612): anthology of science fiction short works
6. Dinosaurs! (wd:Q28401115): 1990 anthology
7. Dinosaurs (wd:Q97359951): 2018 song by Australian musician Ruby Fields
8. Dinosaurs (wd:Q120970468): 2023 Indian Tamil-language action film by M. R. Madhavan
9. Dinosaurs (wd:Q58999596): scientific article published in Nature
10. Dinosaurs (wd:Q93927541): scholarly article authored by James Willis and published in British Journal of General Practice in 2007

[Tool]
Got 242 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property                     | object                                |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | instance of (wdt:P31)        | television series (wd:Q5398426)       |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | title (wdt:P1476)            | Dinosaurs (en)                        |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)       | Dinosaurs, season 1 (wd:Q63522500)    |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | country of origin (wdt:P495) | United States (wd:Q30)                |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | official website (wdt:P856)  | <https://movies.disney.com/dinosaurs> |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | genre (wdt:P136)             | sitcom (wd:Q170238)                   |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | award received (wdt:P166)    | Genesis Award (wd:Q135498)            |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | cast member (wdt:P161)       | Christopher Meloni (wd:Q380095)       |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | creator (wdt:P170)           | Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269)          |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | start time (wdt:P580)        | 1991-04-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)   |
| ...                     | ...                          | ...                                   |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property           | object                       |
| ----------------------- | ------------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | creator (wdt:P170) | Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) | creator (wdt:P170) | Bob Young (wd:Q4934478)      |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| creator                      |
| ---------------------------- |
| Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) |
| Bob Young (wd:Q4934478)      |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| creator                      | creatorLabel        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) | Michael Jacobs (en) |
| Bob Young (wd:Q4934478)      | Bob Young (en)      |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the creators (wdt:P170) of the Dinosaurs TV show (wd:Q1211977) and optionally includes their English labels. The answer matches the query result, and the query follows all the required rules, including returning the IRIs of the items. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  wd:Q551416 wdt:P276 ?location
}

The Hambach Festival happened at Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where did the Hambach Festival happen?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the location where the Hambach Festival took place.
2. First, I need to identify the entity for "Hambach Festival" in Wikidata.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links an event to its location (likely "location" or "site of event").
4. Finally, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the location entity.

Let's start by searching for the entity "Hambach Festival" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416): 1832 German festival
2. festival, also known as biennale, Fiesta Day, festivity, festival series, feast (wd:Q132241): organized set of events or activities focused on a theme (cultur...e.g. once a year) and lasts anywhere from several hours to weeks
3. party, also known as celebration, feast, festival, festivity, gala (wd:Q200538): social event
4. Hambach (wd:Q22391): commune in Moselle, France
5. Hambach, also known as Hambach (Diez) (wd:Q566907): municipality of Germany
6. Festival (wd:Q2443739): 1977 album from Santana
7. 120460 Hambach, also known as Hambach (wd:Q2641077): asteroid
8. Festival, also known as Festival Mushroom Records, Festival Records, FMR (wd:Q5445732): Australian record label
9. Festival (wd:Q5445695): 1996 South Korean drama film directed by Im Kwon-taek
10. Bumbershoot, also known as Seattle Arts Festival, Seattle Festival for the Arts, Mayor's Arts Festival, Festival, Bumbershoot: Seattle's Music & Arts Festival (wd:Q4997241): annual music and arts festival in Seattle, Washington, USA

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Hambach Festival" is wd:Q551416 (Hambach Festival, 1832 German festival).

Next, I need to find the property that links an event to its location. Common properties for this are "location" or "site of event". I will search for properties related to "location" to confirm the correct property to use.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
2. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
3. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
4. occupant, also known as tenant, resident, renter, occupiers, lessee (wd:P466 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person or organization occupying property, used by
5. recorded at studio or venue, also known as venue, studio, recording venue, recording studio, recorded at event (wd:P483 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): studio or location where a musical composition/release was recorded, recording location
6. home venue, also known as home water, venue, stadium, home ground, home field (wd:P115 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): home stadium or venue of a sports team or applicable performing arts organization, location
7. published in, also known as song on album, tome of the book, tome of, track of, track on (wd:P1433 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): larger work that a given work was published in, like a book, journal or music album, part of
8. located in the present-day administrative territorial entity, also known as present-day administrative territorial entity, located in the current administrative territorial entity, located in the modern-day administrative territorial entity, located in the present-day administrative territorial entity, would today be located in administrative territorial entity (wd:P3842 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the item was located in the territory of this present-day administrative unit; however the two did not at any point coexist in time, location, part of
9. directions, also known as locality or place (wd:P2795 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): describe how to find the subject - directions, objects along way, comments
10. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group

[Assistant]
The property "location" (wd:P276) is the most appropriate for linking an event to its location.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the location(s) of the Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) using the property "location" (wd:P276). I will also try to retrieve the label of the location for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| location                    | locationLabel       |
| --------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286) | Hambach Castle (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the location (wd:P276) of the Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416), returning Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286) as the answer. The query returns the IRI as required, and the answer is accurate and complete. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?domain ?domainLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q167685 wdt:P2925 ?domain .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?domain rdfs:label ?domainLabel FILTER ( lang( ?domainLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| domain                    | domainLabel     |
| ------------------------- | --------------- |
| corridor (wd:Q1135449)    | corridor (en)   |
| time (wd:Q11471)          | time (en)       |
| dualism (wd:Q167312)      | dualism (en)    |
| doorway (wd:Q21263223)    | doorway (en)    |
| beginning (wd:Q529711)    | beginning (en)  |
| gate (wd:Q53060)          | gate (en)       |
| transition (wd:Q59627780) | transition (en) |
| sowing (wd:Q777671)       | sowing (en)     |

Janus is the god of the following domains: corridor, time, dualism, doorway, beginning, gate, transition, and sowing.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What was Janus the god of?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about Janus, specifically what he was the god of.
2. I need to identify the entity for Janus in Wikidata.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a deity to their domain or what they are the god of.

First, I'll search for "Janus" in Wikidata to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Janus, also known as Ianus Quadrifrons, Ianus, Ianus Bifrons, Ianuspater (wd:Q167685): Roman deity
2. Janus, also known as Saturn X, S/1979 S 2, S/1980 S 2, S/1966 S 2, S/1980 S 1 (wd:Q17754): moon of Saturn
3. Alec Trevelyan, also known as 006, Janus (wd:Q2832397): Bond Villain, terrorist, 00 Agent
4. Princess (chess), also known as janus, princess, NB, knight+bishop compound, knight–bishop compound (wd:Q646328): fairy chess piece that can move like a bishop or a knight
5. Janus (wd:Q14499258): genus of sawflies
6. Janus (wd:Q314214): German musical group
7. Janus (wd:Q38360520): two-headed tortoise
8. Janus, also known as Janus (first name), Janus (given name) (wd:Q12319119): male given name
9. Janus (wd:Q17015237): album by Boyfriend
10. Janus, also known as Aurora (wd:Q6155938): science fiction fanzine produced by Janice Bogstad and Jeanne Gomoll

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for Janus the Roman deity is wd:Q167685.

Next, I need to find the property that describes what a deity is the god of. I'll search for properties related to "god of" or "domain" for deities.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. domain of saint or deity, also known as saint or deity domain, divine patron, sacred domain, patron saint of, patron of (wd:P2925 as p/wdt): domain(s) which this saint or deity controls or protects
2. worshipped by, also known as deity of (wd:P1049 as p/wdt): religion or group/civilization that worships a given deity, part of
3. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as p/wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
4. mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as p/wdt): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
5. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as p/wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
6. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as p/wdt): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
7. iconographic symbol, also known as attribute, has attribute (wd:P4185 as p/wdt): identifying element typically depicted as accompanying or worn by this religious figure, hero, fictional or historical character
8. sibling, also known as is sister of, is the brother of, is the sibling of, is the sister of, sib (wd:P3373 as p/wdt): the subject and the object have at least one common parent (brot...law, etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.), relative
9. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
10. Hederich encyclopedia article, also known as Hederich article, Gründliches mythologisches Lexikon ID (wd:P2272 as p/wdt): entry in Hederich’s encyclopedia of mythology, 3rd edition (1770), via zeno.org

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "domain of saint or deity" (wdt:P2925) is the most relevant for describing what Janus is the god of.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the domains of Janus using this property. I will also try to retrieve optional labels for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| domain                    | domainLabel     |
| ------------------------- | --------------- |
| corridor (wd:Q1135449)    | corridor (en)   |
| time (wd:Q11471)          | time (en)       |
| dualism (wd:Q167312)      | dualism (en)    |
| doorway (wd:Q21263223)    | doorway (en)    |
| beginning (wd:Q529711)    | beginning (en)  |
| gate (wd:Q53060)          | gate (en)       |
| transition (wd:Q59627780) | transition (en) |
| sowing (wd:Q777671)       | sowing (en)     |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the domains associated with Janus using the appropriate property (wdt:P2925). However, the query only returns the IRIs of the domains and does not include human-readable labels, which would make the answer more understandable. To improve the output, add OPTIONAL {?domain rdfs:label ?domainLabel. FILTER (lang(?domainLabel) = "en")} to the query so that both the IRIs and their English labels are returned. This will make the answer more user-friendly and complete.

[Assistant]
Thank you for your feedback. You are correct—the query should include human-readable English labels for the domains to make the answer more understandable. I will update the SPARQL query to include OPTIONAL {?domain rdfs:label ?domainLabel. FILTER (lang(?domainLabel) = "en")} so that both the IRIs and their English labels are returned.

Here is the improved query and answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the domains over which Janus is the god, using the appropriate property (wdt:P2925) and returning the IRIs of the domains as required. The answer is accurate and complete, and the query follows all specified rules.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?location ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q153793 wdt:P937 ?location
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 12 (xsd:int) |

Georges Braque has worked at 12 distinct locations according to Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many locations has Georges Braque worked at (work location)?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Georges Braque".
2. We need to find the property for "work location".
3. We need to count the number of distinct work locations associated with Georges Braque.

First, I'll search for the entity "Georges Braque".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Georges Braque, also known as george braque, George Braque, George B., Giorgio Braque, S Braque (wd:Q153793): French painter and sculptor (1882-1963), jewelry designer, scenographer, lithographer, draftsperson, printmaker, collagist, sculptor, designer, painter, artist
2. Georges Braque (wd:Q3102361): 1950 film by André Bureau
3. Braque, Georges (wd:Q103894433): encyclopedia article
4. Braque, Georges (wd:Q104007781)
5. Georges Braque (wd:Q110890954): 1949 exhibition at Museum of Modern Art
6. Georges Braque (wd:Q19887374): painting by René Robert Bouché
7. Georges Braque (wd:Q60308502): exhibition in Paris in 1908
8. Georges Braque (wd:Q60400752): 1919 exhibition in Paris
9. Georges Braque (wd:Q79875976): photograph by Man Ray (American, 1890-1976) (2019.26)
10. allée Georges Braque (wd:Q113370081): alley in La Courneuve, France

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Georges Braque, the French painter and sculptor, is wd:Q153793.

Next, I will search for the property corresponding to "work location".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
2. employer, also known as working at, working for, working place, works at, works for (wd:P108 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person or organization for which the subject works or worked, affiliation
3. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
4. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
5. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
6. in work (wd:P2553 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): qualifier of award received and nominated for (P1411) to specify...ominated creative work appeared causing the nomination/award win
7. present in work, also known as is shown in, in work, in narrative, character in, from work (wd:P1441 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person appea...r works, P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)
8. narrative location, also known as set in location, set in, setting, setting location, setting of work (wd:P840 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the narrative of the work is set in this location, significant place, depicts
9. for work, also known as awarded for work, citation for award, for their work on, nominated for work (wd:P1686 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): qualifier of award received (P166) to specify the work that an award was given to the creator for
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant]
The property "work location" corresponds to wd:P937.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to count the number of distinct work locations (wdt:P937) associated with Georges Braque (wd:Q153793).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 12 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the number of distinct work locations (wdt:P937) for Georges Braque (wd:Q153793) and returns the result as requested. The answer is accurate and follows all the specified rules, including returning only the count as required by the question. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?website WHERE {
  wd:Q30588383 wdt:P856 ?website
}

The official website of NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert” is https://www.npr.org/series/tiny-desk-concerts/.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the website of NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert”?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the website of NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert”.
2. I need to identify the entity for “Tiny Desk Concert” and the property for website.

First, I will search for the entity "Tiny Desk Concert" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. NPR Tiny Desk Concerts (wd:Q30588383): video series of concerts held by NPR Music
2. Tiny Desk Concerts - Audio (wd:Q101367084): podcast from NPR
3. concert, also known as gig, live music, live concert (wd:Q182832): live performance of music
4. desk (wd:Q1064858): case furniture used as a worksurface, often in a home or office setting
5. concerto, also known as Concert (wd:Q9748): musical composition usually in three parts
6. Le Concert, also known as Concert (wd:Q1169399): 2009 film by Radu Mihăileanu
7. The Concert, also known as Concert (wd:Q20077964): 1921 film by Victor Schertzinger
8. small, also known as baby, little, miniature, petite, puny (wd:Q16042592): limited in magnitude (not large or big)
9. Desk (wd:Q5851302): village in Iran
10. Odoo, also known as OpenERP, Tiny (wd:Q16668106): Walloon technology company

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert” is "NPR Tiny Desk Concerts" (wd:Q30588383), which is described as a video series of concerts held by NPR Music.

Next, I need to find the property for "website" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official shop URL, also known as online store, shop, shop URL, store, store URL (wd:P10225 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): official URL where the agent sells products/merchandise, official website
2. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
3. title of broader work, also known as container title, website title (wd:P6333 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): title of website, journal or other work in which an article (or ...is published in. Use "published in" (P1433) instead if possible.
4. login URL, also known as sign-in URL, sign in URL, sign-in page, sign in page, login page (wd:P11903 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): URL of a webpage used to log into a service, URL
5. product or material produced, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, producer of (wd:P1056 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
6. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
7. sitemap URL, also known as sitemap xml, site map URL, sitemap (wd:P11212 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): URL to the sitemap of the subject's official website, URL
8. subreddit, also known as r/, reddit, Reddit community ID, Reddit forum, Reddit sub ID (wd:P3984 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): name of the Reddit forum associated to this subject
9. reference URL, also known as URL fonte, webref, URL ref, URL, site (wd:P854 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): should be used for Internet URLs as references. Use "Wikimedia import URL" (P4656) for imports from WMF sites, URL
10. URL, also known as Uniform Resource Locator, URLs, Uniform Resource Locators (wd:P2699 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location of a resource

[Assistant]
The most appropriate property for "website" is "official website" (wd:P856).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the official website of "NPR Tiny Desk Concerts" (wd:Q30588383) using the property "official website" (wdt:P856).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| website                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------ |
| <https://www.npr.org/series/tiny-desk-concerts/> |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the official website (wdt:P856) for NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert” (wd:Q30588383) from Wikidata. The answer matches the execution result, and the query follows all the required rules. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q794 wdt:P37 ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| Persian (wd:Q9168) | Persian (en)  |

The official language of Iran is Persian (wd:Q9168).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the official language of iran?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the official language of Iran.
2. We need to identify the entity for "Iran" and the property for "official language".

Step 1: Search for the entity "Iran" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Iran, also known as ir, IRI, IRN, Islamic Rep. Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran (wd:Q794): country in Western Asia
2. Qajar Iran, also known as Guarded Domains of Persia, Sublime State of Persia, Qajar Persia, Persia, Iran (wd:Q63158027): country in Western Asia (1789–1925)
3. Iran (wd:Q2043606): village in North Ossetia, Russia
4. Iran, also known as Īrān (wd:Q10859757): Iranian newspaper
5. IRAN, also known as Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies (wd:Q5973372): academic journal
6. Irane Man, also known as Iran (wd:Q100939484): 2018 studio by Homayoun Shajarian & Sohrab Pournazeri
7. IRAN (wd:Q108434787): herbarium
8. Iran, also known as Iran (first name), Iran (given name) (wd:Q21286079): male given name
9. Iran, also known as IMO 5327817 (wd:Q101778560): ship built in 1941
10. Iran (wd:Q96382820): About Iran

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Iran" as a country is wd:Q794.

Next, I need to find the property for "official language". I will search for the property "official language" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language designated as official by this item, language used
2. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
3. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
4. language regulatory body, also known as language authority, regulatory body (wd:P1018 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): regulatory body of a language
5. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
6. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
7. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
8. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
9. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
10. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for "official language" is wd:P37.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the official language(s) of Iran (wd:Q794) using the property "official language" (wdt:P37). I will also try to get the label of the language for human readability, but the main result will be the IRI.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| Persian (wd:Q9168) | Persian (en)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the official language of Iran (wd:Q794) using the property 'official language' (wdt:P37). The query returns the IRI of the language (wd:Q9168 for Persian) and optionally includes the English label. The answer is accurate, complete, and follows all specified rules. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?song ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?song wdt:P31 wd:Q7366 ; wdt:P86 wd:Q238819 ; wdt:P1433 ?album .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?album wdt:P175 wd:Q238819
  }
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

There are 0 songs composed by Jay Chou that were released in albums not performed by him.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many songs were composed by Jay Chou but not released in his own albums?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify "Jay Chou" in Wikidata.
2. We need to find songs composed by Jay Chou.
3. We need to determine which of these songs were not released in Jay Chou's own albums.

Let's proceed step by step.

First, let's search for the entity "Jay Chou" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Jayanta Choudhury (wd:Q102339960): Ph.D. University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2008
3. Jaya Choudhary (wd:Q88317282): researcher
4. Jayadratha Choudhury (wd:Q107562664): Indian Odia-language writer, writer
5. Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories (wd:Q24595331): 2016 studio album by Jay Chou
6. Jayanta Narayan Choudhury, also known as Jayanto Narayan Choudhury (wd:Q110437452): Indian police officer
7. Choudhury Jayprakash Das, also known as Choudhury Jayaprakash Das, Caudhurī Jaẏaprakāśa Dāsa (wd:Q60511536): Indian actor and academic, film actor, teacher, actor
8. Jay Chou 2007 World Tour Concert Live (wd:Q1100149): live album
9. J, also known as ᴊ, Juliett, Juliet, j, jay (wd:Q9773): 10th-17th letter of Latin alphabets
10. Eurasian Jay, also known as Garrulus glandarius, Jay, European Jay (wd:Q25354): species of bird

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Jay Chou is wd:Q238819.

Next, we need to find songs composed by Jay Chou. Let's search for properties related to "composer" or "written by" for songs.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator
2. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
3. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): author of song lyrics, author
4. composers.am person ID (wd:P9628 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): identifier for a person in the  site of Composers Union of Armenia
5. music created for, also known as music for, music for work, music made for, music made for work, music written for (wd:P9899 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): a work, event, etc. for which a musical composition was created ... was written; a film for which motion picture music was created), created for
6. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
7. Musicsperlacobla composer ID (wd:P11203 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): composer identifier used by musicsperlacobla archive
8. orchestrator, also known as arranged for orchestra by, orchestral arrangement by, orchestral arranger, orchestration by, orchestrations by (wd:P10806 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person or body responsible for arranging a musical composition for orchestra, adapted by
9. Musicalics composer ID (wd:P6925 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): identifier for a composer in the Musicalics database
10. CompositionToday composer ID, also known as Composition Today composer ID (wd:P8688 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): composer ID on the website CompositionToday

[Assistant]
The property for "composer" is wd:P86.

Now, we need to find all songs (instances of "song") where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the composer (wdt:P86).

Next, we need to find which of these songs were not released in Jay Chou's own albums. To do this, we need:
- The property for "album" (to find which album a song was released in).
- The albums that are Jay Chou's own albums.

Let's search for the property "album" to identify which property links a song to its album.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. published in, also known as song on album, tome of the book, tome of, track of, track on (wd:P1433 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): larger work that a given work was published in, like a book, journal or music album, part of
2. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): structure of a creative work
3. featured track(s), also known as songs, soundtrack, OST, music tracks, music track (wd:P10664 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): soundtrack of this audiovisual work
4. tracklist, also known as tracks, track listing, track list, songs, list of tracks (wd:P658 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): audio tracks contained in this release, has part(s)
5. record of, also known as is a record of, is record of, records (wd:P11851 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): state or event an object is a physical representation of
6. number of records, also known as entries, rows, records, quantitiy of records, number of rows (wd:P4876 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): number of values of an identifier or records in a catalog
7. soundtrack release, also known as soundtrack single, soundtrack extended play, soundtrack album, has soundtrack album, OST (wd:P406 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): music release that incorporates music directly recorded from the soundtrack of an audiovisual work
8. music created for, also known as music for, music for work, music made for, music made for work, music written for (wd:P9899 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): a work, event, etc. for which a musical composition was created ... was written; a film for which motion picture music was created), created for
9. personal best, also known as PR, record, personal record, PB (wd:P2415 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): an individual's best performance in a given discipline
10. MusicBrainz release group ID, also known as album MBID, single MBID, single ID (MusicBrainz), release group MBID, release group ID (MusicBrainz) (wd:P436 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): identifier for a release group per the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia (album, single, etc.)

[Assistant]
The property "published in" (wd:P1433) is used for "song on album" (i.e., which album a song was published in).

Now, we need to identify Jay Chou's own albums. Let's search for albums by Jay Chou.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Redemption (Jay Rock album) (wd:Q55224911): album by Jay Rock
3. Jayanta Choudhury (wd:Q102339960): Ph.D. University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2008
4. Jaya Choudhary (wd:Q88317282): researcher
5. Jayadratha Choudhury (wd:Q107562664): Indian Odia-language writer, writer
6. Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories (wd:Q24595331): 2016 studio album by Jay Chou
7. MTV Unplugged (Jay-Z album) (wd:Q1449420): 2001 live album by Jay-Z with The Roots
8. Jayanta Narayan Choudhury, also known as Jayanto Narayan Choudhury (wd:Q110437452): Indian police officer
9. Choudhury Jayprakash Das, also known as Choudhury Jayaprakash Das, Caudhurī Jaẏaprakāśa Dāsa (wd:Q60511536): Indian actor and academic, film actor, teacher, actor
10. Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, also known as DDLJ (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge Soundtrack, Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge Album, Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge, Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge Soundtrack (wd:Q114096233): 1995 soundtrack album; various artists

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Jay Bybee, also known as Jay S. Bybee, Jay Scott Bybee (wd:Q6166451): American judge, lawyer, judge
3. James Bynum, also known as James S. Bynum, James Stuart Bynum, Jay Bynum (wd:Q107618451): United States Naval Aviator, U.S. Navy admiral
4. Jay Byrne (wd:Q6166453): American writer and government official, entrepreneur, official
5. Jay Bytebier (wd:Q95675157): mountain biker
6. Jay Byars (wd:Q104077083): American reality television participant, reality television participant, model
7. Jay Byrne (wd:Q100766816): college basketball player (1984–1986) Fairfield, basketball player
8. Choung Byoung-gug (wd:Q12615620): South Korean politician, politician
9. Byungduck Chough (wd:Q102209536): Ph.D. Carnegie Mellon University 1999
10. Jay Byron Kennedy (wd:Q120432619): writer, 1931-

[Tool]
Got 43 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                           | property             | object                |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------------- |
| Jay (wd:Q221115)                  | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Common Jasmin Orange (wd:Q262153) | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Fantasy (wd:Q595532)              | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Still Fantasy (wd:Q259680)        | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| The Eight Dimensions (wd:Q680715) | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| November's Chopin (wd:Q715325)    | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Aiyo, Nor Bad (wd:Q18652147)      | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Kato (wd:Q645144)                 | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Ye Hui Mei (wd:Q699622)           | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| Capricorn (wd:Q704376)            | performer (wdt:P175) | Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) |
| ...                               | ...                  | ...                   |

[Assistant]
We have found several albums where Jay Chou is the performer (using property wdt:P175). These are likely his own albums. Some examples include:
- Common Jasmin Orange (wd:Q262153)
- Fantasy (wd:Q595532)
- Still Fantasy (wd:Q259680)
- The Eight Dimensions (wd:Q680715)
- November's Chopin (wd:Q715325)
- Ye Hui Mei (wd:Q699622)
- Capricorn (wd:Q704376)
- Aiyo, Nor Bad (wd:Q18652147)

Now, let's summarize the approach:
1. Find all songs (instance of "song") where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the composer (wdt:P86).
2. For each such song, check if it is published in (wdt:P1433) an album where Jay Chou is the performer (wdt:P175).
3. Count the songs where the album is NOT among Jay Chou's own albums.

To do this, we need the class for "song". Let's search for the entity "song".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. song, also known as vocal pieces, vocal piece, songs, pieces of vocal music, piece of vocal music (wd:Q7366): musical composition for voice(s)
2. Song of Songs, also known as Canticles, Song of Solomon, Song (wd:Q51670): book of the Bible
3. Song dynasty, also known as Song, Sung Dynasty, Sung, Song Dynasty, Song Empire (wd:Q7462): former imperial dynasty of China
4. Song (wd:Q1065073): one of the twelve feudal states of Western Zhou dynasty
5. Song (wd:Q120230): district in Phrae province, Thailand
6. Song (wd:Q667992): defunct low-cost airline
7. Song, also known as Sòng, Soong, Sung, 宋 (wd:Q717770): Chinese family name (宋)
8. Ming, also known as Mingti, Song, Songti, Sun (wd:Q1071487): family of CJK typefaces
9. Song (wd:Q7560957): LGA and town in Adamawa State, Nigeria
10. Xue Song, also known as Song (wd:Q1018013): Tang Dynasty non imperial prince, politician

[Assistant]
The class for "song" is wd:Q7366.

Now, let's construct the SPARQL query step by step:
- Select all ?song where ?song wdt:P31 wd:Q7366 (instance of song)
- AND ?song wdt:P86 wd:Q238819 (composer Jay Chou)
- OPTIONAL: ?song wdt:P1433 ?album (published in album)
- For each ?album, check if Jay Chou is the performer: ?album wdt:P175 wd:Q238819
- We want songs where Jay Chou is NOT the performer of the album (i.e., either no album, or album is not his).

Let's write a query to count such songs.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The query logic is incorrect for the question. The question asks for songs composed by Jay Chou that were NOT released in his own albums. The current query tries to count songs composed by Jay Chou where either the song is not associated with any album, or the album is not performed by Jay Chou. However, the correct logic should be: find all songs composed by Jay Chou, find the albums they were released in, and exclude those albums where Jay Chou is the performer. Only count songs that are released in albums not performed by Jay Chou. Also, the query should not include songs with no album at all, as the question is about songs released in albums but not his own. Please revise the query accordingly.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Let's clarify the logic:

- We want songs composed by Jay Chou (wd:Q238819).
- These songs must be released in an album (i.e., have a value for wdt:P1433).
- The album must NOT be performed by Jay Chou (i.e., the album does not have wdt:P175 wd:Q238819).

So, we should:
1. Select all songs (wd:Q7366) composed by Jay Chou (wdt:P86 wd:Q238819).
2. Ensure the song is published in an album (?song wdt:P1433 ?album).
3. Exclude songs where the album is performed by Jay Chou (FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?album wdt:P175 wd:Q238819 }).

Let's write and execute this revised query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and follows all the required rules. It counts the number of distinct songs composed by Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) that are published in albums where Jay Chou is not the performer. The use of FILTER NOT EXISTS ensures that only albums not performed by Jay Chou are considered. The query returns the actual count as required. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?work ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?work wdt:P50 wd:Q30875 .
  ?work wdt:P31 ?type .
  ?type wdt:P279 * wd:Q7725634 .
  FILTER ( ?work != wd:Q82464 )
}

Oscar Wilde wrote 133 literary works besides The Picture of Dorian Gray, according to Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many literary works besides The Picture of Dorian Gray did its author write?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. Identify the author of "The Picture of Dorian Gray".
2. Find all literary works written by this author.
3. Exclude "The Picture of Dorian Gray" from the count.
4. Count the remaining works.

First, I will search for the entity "The Picture of Dorian Gray" in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as El retrato de Dorian Gray, Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464): 1890–1891 novel by Oscar Wilde
2. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1167299): 1945 film by Albert Lewin
3. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757057): 1916 film directed by Fred W. Durrant
4. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q16979666): 1913 film by Phillips Smalley
5. The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1397330): telenovela
6. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757058): 1917 film by Richard Oswald
7. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Dorian Grays Portræt, Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q15177406): 1910 film by Axel Strøm
8. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q1167302): 1976 television film
9. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q17044933): 1915 film directed by Eugene Moore
10. The Picture of Dorian Gray, also known as Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q7757059): 1918 Hungarian silent film by Alfréd Deésy

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" is wd:Q82464.

Next, I will find the author of this work by searching for the property that links a literary work to its author.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. theorized by, also known as author, supported by, suggested by, proposer, proposed by (wd:P8403 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): subject who suggested or proposed this concept or immaterial invention
2. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): author of song lyrics, author
3. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
4. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
5. author given names, also known as given name, given names, first name, author first names, author first name (wd:P9687 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): qualifier for string representation of given or secondary sortin...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), given name
6. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
7. operator, also known as offered by, operated by, provided by, run by, service operator (wd:P137 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person, profession, organization or entity that operates the equipment, facility, or service, used by
8. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
9. author last names, also known as author last name, surnames, surname, last names, last name (wd:P9688 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): qualifier to provide string representation of family or primary ...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), family name
10. object named as, also known as original wording, place name string, printed as, reference wording, [sic] (wd:P1932 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): use as qualifier to indicate how the object's value was given in the source, name

[Assistant]
The property for "author" is wd:P50.

Now, I will check who the author of wd:Q82464 ("The Picture of Dorian Gray") is by listing its wd:P50 property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                | property         | object                  |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------- |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464) | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |

[Assistant]
The author of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" is Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875).

Next, I need to find all literary works authored by Oscar Wilde. For this, I will look for works where wd:P50 (author) is wd:Q30875.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as p/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as p/wdt): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
4. movement, also known as subculture, trend, scientific movement, school, philosophical movement (wd:P135 as p/wdt): literary, artistic, scientific or philosophical movement or scen...ed with this person or work. For political ideologies use P1142.
5. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
6. has works in the collection, also known as has items in the collection, works in collection, work in collection, museum housing this person's work, items in the collection (wd:P6379 as p/wdt): collection that has works of this person or organisation (use archives at [P485] for archives)
7. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as p/wdt): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
8. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as p/wdt): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
9. SELIBR ID, also known as LIBRIS, National Library of Sweden, SE-LIBR ID (wd:P906 as wdt/p/wdtn): identifier per National Library of Sweden Libris library catalog
10. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 271 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                       | property         | object                  |
| --------------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------- |
| The Picture of Dorian Gray (wd:Q82464)        | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| The Importance of Being Earnest (wd:Q830501)  | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| The Canterville Ghost (wd:Q288020)            | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| Lady Windermere's Fan (wd:Q1469224)           | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| The Happy Prince and Other Tales (wd:Q797466) | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| An Ideal Husband (wd:Q1143075)                | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| Salome (wd:Q1149498)                          | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| The Happy Prince (wd:Q1198734)                | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| De Profundis (wd:Q1249459)                    | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| A House of Pomegranates (wd:Q734607)          | author (wdt:P50) | Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) |
| ...                                           | ...              | ...                     |

[Assistant]
There are 271 works in Wikidata where Oscar Wilde is listed as the author (wdt:P50). This includes "The Picture of Dorian Gray".

To answer the question, I need to count all works authored by Oscar Wilde except "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (wd:Q82464).

I will now write a SPARQL query to count all entities with author (wdt:P50) Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875), excluding wd:Q82464.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count         |
| ------------- |
| 270 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query counts all works authored by Oscar Wilde except 'The Picture of Dorian Gray', which is correct in principle. However, the question specifically asks for 'literary works', and the current query does not restrict the type of works to literary works only. It may include non-literary works (e.g., letters, essays, or other items not considered literary works). To refine the answer, the query should filter ?work to only include items that are instances of (P31) a literary work (e.g., 'literary work', 'novel', 'play', 'poem', etc.), or subclasses thereof. This will ensure the count reflects only literary works.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: the previous query counted all works authored by Oscar Wilde, regardless of whether they are considered "literary works." To refine the answer, I need to restrict the count to items that are instances of (P31) "literary work" or its subclasses, such as "novel", "play", "poem", etc.

Step-by-step plan:
1. Find the Wikidata entity for "literary work" and its subclasses.
2. Count works authored by Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875) that are instances of (P31) "literary work" or a subclass, excluding "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (wd:Q82464).

First, I will search for the entity "literary work" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. literary work, also known as work in literature, work (literature), work (literary), literary text (wd:Q7725634): written work read for enjoyment or edification
2. DARK HORSE by Michèle Betty, also known as Literary work (wd:Q125465635): Book by Michèle Betty
3. Dura-Europos archival photograph of back of P. CtYBR inv. DP 111, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126424): archival photograph of back of p. ctybr inv. dp 111 from dura-europos
4. Dura-Europos archival photograph of front of P. CtYBR inv. DP 92, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126432): archival photograph of front of p. ctybr inv. dp 92 from dura-europos
5. Dura-Europos archival photograph of front of P. CtYBR inv. DP 89, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126448): archival photograph of front of p. ctybr inv. dp 89 from dura-europos
6. Dura-Europos archival photograph of front of P. CtYBR inv. DP 87, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126454): archival photograph of front of p. ctybr inv. dp 87 from dura-europos
7. Dura-Europos archival photograph of front of P. CtYBR inv. DP 64, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126503): archival photograph of front of p. ctybr inv. dp 64 from dura-europos
8. Dura-Europos archival photograph of back of P. CtYBR inv. DP 64, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126501): archival photograph of back of p. ctybr inv. dp 64 from dura-europos
9. Dura-Europos archival photograph of back of P. CtYBR inv. DP 44, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126531): archival photograph of back of p. ctybr inv. dp 44 from dura-europos
10. Dura-Europos archival photograph of back of P. CtYBR inv. DP 92, also known as Literary work (wd:Q119126431): archival photograph of back of p. ctybr inv. dp 92 from dura-europos

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "literary work" is wd:Q7725634.

To ensure we include all relevant types (such as "novel", "play", "poem", etc.), I will use the property "instance of" (P31) and include all subclasses of "literary work" (wd:Q7725634) using the "subclass of" (P279) property recursively.

Now, I will write a SPARQL query to count all works authored by Oscar Wilde (wd:Q30875), that are instances of (P31) "literary work" (wd:Q7725634) or its subclasses, excluding "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (wd:Q82464).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count         |
| ------------- |
| 133 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the number of literary works authored by Oscar Wilde, excluding 'The Picture of Dorian Gray'. It uses the appropriate properties and filters, and the answer matches the user's question. The query returns only the count as required, and no unnecessary computation is performed outside SPARQL. This output is correct and complete.