PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?prize ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?prize ( wdt:P361 | wdt:P279 ) wd:Q7191 .
  ?prize wdt:P31 ?type .
  ?type ( wdt:P279 * ) wd:Q618779 .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 5 (xsd:int) |

There are 5 prizes established by Alfred Nobel according to Wikidata: the Nobel Prizes in Peace, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, and Physiology or Medicine.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many prizes are there established by Alfred Nobel ?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for prizes that were established by Alfred Nobel.
2. We need to identify the entity for Alfred Nobel.
3. We need to find the property that links a prize to its "founder" or "establisher".
4. We need to count the number of such prizes.

First, I will search for the entity "Alfred Nobel" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Alfred Nobel, also known as Alfred Bernhard Nobel, Nobel, Alfred B. Nobel (wd:Q23810): Swedish chemist and inventor (1833–1896), weapons manufacturer, philanthropist, industrialist, photographer, scientist, inventor, engineer, chemist
2. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q18236602): Irish horse
3. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q4992600): Wikimedia duplicated page, scientist
4. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q2047706): train service
5. Alfred nobel (wd:Q82943104): scientific article published on 01 October 1996
6. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q123948893): street in Sofia, Bulgaria
7. Alfred Nobel. (wd:Q55480875): scientific article published in January 1959
8. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q59017243): scientific article published in Nature
9. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q127414859): railway underpass in Helmond, the Netherlands
10. Alfred Nobel (wd:Q124728259): painting by Emil Österman

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Alfred Nobel is wd:Q23810.

Next, I need to find the property that links a prize to its founder or establisher. I will search for properties related to "founder" or "establisher".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
2. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
3. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
4. collection creator, also known as creator, archive creator, collector, archives of, archive of (wd:P6241 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): entity (person, organization, etc.) that caused a record or collection to be produced or gathered
5. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
6. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
7. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
8. discoverer or inventor, also known as inventor or discoverer, inventor, invented by, invented, introduced by (wd:P61 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): subject who discovered, first described, invented, or developed this discovery or invention or scientific hypothesis or theory
9. author name string, also known as short author name, writer named as, writer name, writer indicated as, songwriting credits string (wd:P2093 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): stores unspecified author or editor name for publications; use i...or editor (P98) does not exist or is not known. Do not use both.
10. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

[Assistant]
The property "founded by" (wdt:P112) is the most appropriate to link a prize to its founder.

Now, I need to find all entities that are prizes and were founded by Alfred Nobel (wd:Q23810). To do this, I also need to identify the class or type for "prize" in Wikidata.

I will search for the entity "prize" to find its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. award, also known as honour, prize, medal, honor, Awards and Prizes (wd:Q618779): something given to a person or a group of people to recognize their merit or excellence
2. prize (wd:Q5257307): award to be given to a person, a group of people, or an organization to recognise and reward actions or achievements
3. The Prize, also known as Prize (wd:Q751341): 1963 film by Mark Robson
4. prize (wd:Q1967845): term used in admiralty law, equipment, vehicle, boat or vessel captured during a military conflict
5. The Prize, also known as El premio, Prize (wd:Q1324517): 2011 film by Paula Markovitch
6. Prize (wd:Q15700638): marketing concept
7. Madame Husson's Rose, also known as Prize, The Prize (wd:Q3226661): 1950 film by Jean Boyer
8. The Prize, also known as Il Premio, Prize (wd:Q55646353): 2017 film directed by Alessandro Gassmann
9. The Prize, also known as Prize (wd:Q10695755): 1986 film
10. Prize (wd:Q111168620): 1999 studio album by Arto Lindsay

[Assistant]
The most general and appropriate entity for "prize" or "award" is wd:Q618779.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to count the number of entities that are instances of "award" (wd:Q618779) and were founded by Alfred Nobel (wd:Q23810).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| prize                  |
| ---------------------- |
| wd:Q114358385          |
| Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191) |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| prize                  | prizeLabel       |
| ---------------------- | ---------------- |
| wd:Q114358385          |                  |
| Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191) | Nobel Prize (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct: it counts the number of distinct items that are instances of 'award' (wd:Q618779) and were founded by Alfred Nobel (wd:Q23810). However, the result (2) is likely incorrect, as there are more than two Nobel Prizes (e.g., Peace, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, and the later-added Economics). The issue may be that some Nobel Prizes are not directly linked with 'founded by' (P112) to Alfred Nobel in Wikidata, or the property used is not consistent across all prizes. Consider expanding the query to include all prizes commonly recognized as 'Nobel Prizes' (perhaps by subclass or by name), or check for alternative properties or connections (such as 'named after' or 'part of series').

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: the Nobel Prizes are often modeled in Wikidata as individual prizes (e.g., Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize in Literature, etc.), and not all may be directly linked to Alfred Nobel via "founded by" (P112). Some may be linked via "named after" (P138), or as "part of series" (P179) of the "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191).

Let's refine our approach:

Step 1: Identify all prizes that are either:
- Instances of "award" (wd:Q618779) and "named after" Alfred Nobel (P138), or
- "Part of series" (P179) of the "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191).

First, let's check how "Nobel Prize in Literature" is modeled, to see which properties connect it to Alfred Nobel or the main Nobel Prize entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nobel Prize in Literature, also known as Nobel Literature Prize (wd:Q37922): one of five prizes established by Alfred Nobel
2. 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q112594135): literary award to French author Annie Ernaux
3. 1901 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q15918052)
4. 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q115937544)
5. 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q10845886)
6. 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q112731128)
7. 1908 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q112731708)
8. 2003 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q113212896)
9. 1938 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q112811579)
10. 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q107359944): award

[Tool]
Got 853 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                               | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | literary award (wd:Q378427)                                                                       |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | country (wdt:P17)                | Sweden (wd:Q34)                                                                                |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Nobel Prize in Literature                                                                         |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nobel2008Literature%20news%20conference1.jpg> |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | part of (wdt:P361)               | Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191)                                                                            |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | subclass of (wdt:P279)           | Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191)                                                                            |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | location (wdt:P276)              | Stockholm (wd:Q1754)                                                                              |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | inception (wdt:P571)             | 1901-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                               |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | official website (wdt:P856)      | <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/>                                                   |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q7640386                                                                                |
| ...                                   | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the results, "Nobel Prize in Literature" (wd:Q37922) is linked to "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191) via both "part of" (wdt:P361) and "subclass of" (wdt:P279). This suggests that other Nobel Prizes may be modeled similarly.

A robust approach is to count all entities that are either:
- "part of" (wdt:P361) the "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191), or
- "subclass of" (wdt:P279) the "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191).

Let's construct a query to count all distinct entities that are either "part of" or "subclass of" the Nobel Prize.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 7 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 1 column:
| prize                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------- |
| wd:Q131106299                                     |
| wd:Q131106306                                     |
| Nobel Peace Prize (wd:Q35637)                     |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922)             |
| Nobel Prize in Physics (wd:Q38104)                |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585)              |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (wd:Q80061) |

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| prize                                             | prizeLabel                                 |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| wd:Q131106299                                     |                                            |
| wd:Q131106306                                     |                                            |
| Nobel Peace Prize (wd:Q35637)                     | Nobel Peace Prize (en)                     |
| Nobel Peace Prize (wd:Q35637)                     | Nobel Peace Prize (en)                     |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922)             | Nobel Prize in Literature (en)             |
| ...                                               | ...                                        |
| Nobel Prize in Physics (wd:Q38104)                | Nobel Prize in Physics (en)                |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585)              | Nobel Prize in Chemistry (en)              |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585)              | Nobel Prize in Chemistry (en)              |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (wd:Q80061) | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (en) |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (wd:Q80061) | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (en) |

[Assistant]
The refined query finds 7 prizes that are either "part of" or "subclass of" the Nobel Prize. These include the well-known Nobel Prizes (Peace, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine) and two additional entities (wd:Q131106299 and wd:Q131106306) that may represent special or administrative categories.

This approach is more comprehensive and aligns with how Nobel Prizes are modeled in Wikidata.

Final answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query counts all items that are either 'part of' (P361) or 'subclass of' (P279) the Nobel Prize (Q7191). However, this may include items that are not actual prizes established by Alfred Nobel, but rather related concepts or subcategories. To refine the query, it should restrict results to items that are instances of 'award' (Q618779) or similar, and ideally check for a direct connection to Alfred Nobel (e.g., 'founded by' (P112) Alfred Nobel (Q8001)), to ensure only the original Nobel Prizes are counted. Please refine the query to more accurately reflect the prizes established by Alfred Nobel.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To address your points, I will refine the query as follows:

1. Only include entities that are instances of "award" (wd:Q618779).
2. These entities must also be either "part of" (wdt:P361) or "subclass of" (wdt:P279) the "Nobel Prize" (wd:Q7191).
3. Optionally, if possible, also check for a direct connection to Alfred Nobel via "founded by" (wdt:P112), but since this is inconsistently used, the above two criteria should capture the main Nobel Prizes.

Let's build and execute this refined query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
The result is 0, which suggests that the individual Nobel Prizes are not directly typed as "award" (wd:Q618779) in Wikidata, or that the modeling uses a more specific subclass for each prize.

To investigate, let's check what the "instance of" (P31) value is for "Nobel Prize in Literature" (wd:Q37922), one of the main Nobel Prizes.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property              | object                      |
| ------------------------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922) | instance of (wdt:P31) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property              | object                    |
| ----------------------------- | --------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Nobel Peace Prize (wd:Q35637) | instance of (wdt:P31) | peace award (wd:Q9639292) |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                            | property              | object                        |
| ---------------------------------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize in Physics (wd:Q38104) | instance of (wdt:P31) | physics award (wd:Q107494520) |
| Nobel Prize in Physics (wd:Q38104) | instance of (wdt:P31) | science award (wd:Q11448906)  |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                              | property              | object                          |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585) | instance of (wdt:P31) | chemistry award (wd:Q107471279) |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585) | instance of (wdt:P31) | science award (wd:Q11448906)    |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                           | property              | object                       |
| ------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (wd:Q80061) | instance of (wdt:P31) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                | property              | object                       |
| ---------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191) | instance of (wdt:P31) | award (wd:Q618779)           |
| Nobel Prize (wd:Q7191) | instance of (wdt:P31) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |

[Tool]
Got 799 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                  | property               | object             |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------ |
| medallion (wd:Q131647)                   | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| scholarship (wd:Q188823)                 | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| European Capital of Culture (wd:Q129372) | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| diploma (wd:Q217577)                     | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| academic degree (wd:Q189533)             | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| Saturn Award (wd:Q105447)                | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| order (wd:Q193622)                       | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| trophy (wd:Q381165)                      | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| YouTube Creator Awards (wd:Q18157145)    | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| primate (wd:Q326330)                     | subclass of (wdt:P279) | award (wd:Q618779) |
| ...                                      | ...                    | ...                |

[Tool]
Got 43 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                | property               | object                       |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Kyoto Prize (wd:Q658444)                                               | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics (wd:Q1314470)                | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| Széchenyi Prize (wd:Q1301832)                                          | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| environmental award (wd:Q2491892)                                      | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| Arthur Holmes Medal (wd:Q3332183)                                      | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| Feenberg Medal (wd:Q1400970)                                           | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| American Chemical Society Award in Inorganic Chemistry (wd:Q15782922)  | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| Sharon Keillor Award for Women in Engineering Education (wd:Q30593379) | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| King James I Prize for Research (wd:Q36640258)                         | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| State Science and Technology Prizes (wd:Q7603519)                      | subclass of (wdt:P279) | science award (wd:Q11448906) |
| ...                                                                    | ...                    | ...                          |

[Tool]
Got 235 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                          | property               | object                      |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | --------------------------- |
| Nebula Award (wd:Q194285)                        | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (wd:Q833633)          | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| poet laureate (wd:Q1237928)                      | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Locus Awards (wd:Q754655)                        | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| World Fantasy Awards (wd:Q594886)                | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Bram Stoker Awards (wd:Q848963)                  | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Seiun Awards (wd:Q145234)                        | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Costa Book Awards (wd:Q1136336)                  | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| National Book Critics Circle Award (wd:Q1505018) | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| Sahitya Akademi Award (wd:Q172582)               | subclass of (wdt:P279) | literary award (wd:Q378427) |
| ...                                              | ...                    | ...                         |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| prize                                             | prizeLabel                                 |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Nobel Peace Prize (wd:Q35637)                     | Nobel Peace Prize (en)                     |
| Nobel Prize in Literature (wd:Q37922)             | Nobel Prize in Literature (en)             |
| Nobel Prize in Physics (wd:Q38104)                | Nobel Prize in Physics (en)                |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry (wd:Q44585)              | Nobel Prize in Chemistry (en)              |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (wd:Q80061) | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (en) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 5 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?creator ?birthDate WHERE {
  wd:Q13979 wdt:P170 ?creator .
  ?creator wdt:P569 ?birthDate
}

The creator of Saturday Night Live is Lorne Michaels, who was born on November 17, 1944.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when was the creator of saturday night live born?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the creator of "Saturday Night Live".
2. Then, we need to find the birth date of that person.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Saturday Night Live" in Wikidata to find its creator property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Saturday Night Live, also known as Saturday Night, NBC's Saturday Night (wd:Q13979): American late-night live television sketch comedy show
2. Saturday Night Live (wd:Q6122059): television series
3. Saturday Night Live (wd:Q23039888): tv show aired in 2016
4. Saturday Night Live (wd:Q28452163): album by Trouble Funk
5. Saturday Night Live Korea, also known as SNL Korea, SNL.KOREA, SNL Korea 6 (wd:Q7426718): 2011 South Korean television series
6. Le Saturday Night Live (wd:Q28194825): French late-night live television comedy show
7. Saturday Night Live Japan (wd:Q11304712): Japanese TV series or program
8. history of Saturday Night Live, also known as Saturday Night Live history (wd:Q5866387): List article
9. Katy Perry/Robyn, also known as Saturday Night Live Season 37 Episode 9, Saturday Night Live S37E9, Saturday Night Live, season 37 episode 9 (wd:Q5483492): episode of Saturday Night Live (S37 E9)
10. Saturday Night Live Samurai (wd:Q7426709): recurring SNL character, samurai

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Saturday Night Live" is wd:Q13979, which is the American late-night live television sketch comedy show.

Next, I need to find the creator of this show. I will look for properties related to "creator" for wd:Q13979.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as p/wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
2. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as p/wdt): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
3. original language of film or TV show, also known as media language, original language, language of the original work, created on language (wd:P364 as p/wdt): language in which a film or a performance work was originally cr... works and songs; use P407 ("language of work or name") instead., language of work or name
4. presenter, also known as TV host, TV presenter, presented by, hostess, hosted by (wd:P371 as p/wdt): main role in presenting a radio or television program or a performing arts show, significant person, cast member
5. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. director, also known as film director, movie director, game director, directed by (wd:P57 as p/wdt): director(s) of film, TV-series, stageplay, video game or similar, contributor to the creative work or subject, creator
7. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as p/wdt): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
8. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as p/wdt): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country
9. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as p/wdt): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
10. MusicBrainz artist ID, also known as MB artist ID, MBID artist (wd:P434 as wdt/p/wdtn): identifier for an artist in the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property           | object                      |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------ | --------------------------- |
| Saturday Night Live (wd:Q13979) | creator (wdt:P170) | Lorne Michaels (wd:Q521221) |

[Assistant]
The creator of "Saturday Night Live" is Lorne Michaels (wd:Q521221).

Now, I need to find the birth date of Lorne Michaels. I will search for properties related to "birth date" for wd:Q521221.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
2. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as p/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
3. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
4. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as p/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
5. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as p/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
6. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
7. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
8. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
9. religion or worldview, also known as believes, worldview, religious affiliation, religion or world view, religion (wd:P140 as p/wdt): religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject
10. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                     | property                 | object                              |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| Lorne Michaels (wd:Q521221) | date of birth (wdt:P569) | 1944-11-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the creator of Saturday Night Live and their date of birth, returning the expected result. The answer is accurate and complete, and the query follows all the required guidelines, including returning the actual IRI for the creator. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q1297 wdt:P206 wd:Q1169
}

Yes, Chicago is located at Lake Michigan.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Is Chicago located at Lake Michigan?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entities involved are "Chicago" and "Lake Michigan".
2. The property to check is whether Chicago is located at or on Lake Michigan.

First, I will search for the entities "Chicago" and "Lake Michigan" in Wikidata to get their identifiers.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chicago, also known as The Second City, The Queen of the West, The Windy City, City of Broad Shoulders, City by the Lake (wd:Q1297): city and county seat of Cook County, Illinois, United States of America
2. Chicago, also known as City of Chicago, City of Broad Shoulders, The Queen of the West, City by the Lake, Chi-Town (wd:Q1297): city and county seat of Cook County, Illinois, United States of America
3. Chicago (wd:Q189889): 2002 film by Rob Marshall
4. Chicago, also known as Chicago (band), Chicago (musical group), Chicago Transit Authority, The Big Thing (wd:Q371938): American rock band
5. 334 Chicago, also known as (334) Chicago, Chicago (wd:Q151343): outer main-belt asteroid
6. Willard, also known as Chicago, Chicago Junction, Willard, OH, Willard, Ohio (wd:Q2233885): city in Huron County, Ohio, United States
7. Chicago (wd:Q656285): 1975 musical by John Kander and Fred Ebb
8. Chicago (wd:Q3281484): 1927 film by Frank John Urson
9. Chicago, also known as One Chicago (wd:Q20649503): American television series franchise
10. Chicago, also known as Chicago II (wd:Q2451193): 1970 studio album by Chicago

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Lake Michigan, also known as Michigan (wd:Q1169): one of the Great Lakes of North America
2. Lake Michigan (wd:Q92397898): photograph by Harry Callahan
3. Lake Michigan (wd:Q64154858): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 92925)
4. Lake Michigan (wd:Q64154774): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 92585)
5. Lake Michigan (wd:Q113239022): scientific article published on 17 April 2022
6. Lake County, also known as Aishcum County, Michigan, Lake County, Michigan, Lake County, MI, Aishcum County (wd:Q63771): county in Michigan, United States
7. Lake City, also known as Lake City, MI, Lake City, Michigan (wd:Q2061014): city and county seat of Missaukee, Michigan, United States
8. Lake Angelus, also known as Lake Angelus, MI, Lake Angelus, Michigan (wd:Q940731): city in Oakland County, Michigan
9. Walled Lake, also known as Walled Lake, Michigan, Walled Lake, MI (wd:Q2847502): city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States
10. Sylvan Lake, also known as Sylvan Lake, MI, Sylvan Lake, Michigan (wd:Q3295703): human settlement in Oakland County, Michigan, United States of America

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
2. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
3. adjacent building, also known as next to, neighboring building, located next to, adjoining building (wd:P3032 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): building adjacent to the item, connects with
4. occupant, also known as tenant, resident, renter, occupiers, lessee (wd:P466 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person or organization occupying property, used by
5. located in the present-day administrative territorial entity, also known as present-day administrative territorial entity, located in the current administrative territorial entity, located in the modern-day administrative territorial entity, located in the present-day administrative territorial entity, would today be located in administrative territorial entity (wd:P3842 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the item was located in the territory of this present-day administrative unit; however the two did not at any point coexist in time, location, part of
6. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
7. full work available at URL, also known as full text available at, full text available at URL, full text url, online mirror, online version (wd:P953 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): URL of a web page containing the full body of this item, URL
8. street address, also known as postal address, physical address, mailing address, located at street address, full address (wd:P6375 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): full street address where subject is located. Include building n...t country; use also P669 if the street has its own separate item
9. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
10. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. located in or next to body of water, also known as located on body of water, ocean, on bay, next to lake, on coast of (wd:P206 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): body of water on or next to which a place is located, location
2. origin of the watercourse, also known as headwaters, water source, water origin, water body origin, stream source (wd:P885 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): main source of a river, stream or lake
3. water area (wd:P8887 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): area/surface of a geographical entity that is covered by water, area
4. lake on watercourse, also known as reservoir on this river, lakes on river, lake on stream, lake on river, lake on this river (wd:P469 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): lake or reservoir through which the river or stream flows
5. mouth of the watercourse, also known as flows into, watercourse outflow, watercourse ends in, watercourse drain, tributary of (wd:P403 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the body of water to which the watercourse drains
6. category for the water basin, also known as bodies of water basin category, category associated with the basin of the bodies of water, water system category (wd:P1200 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): the Wikimedia category associated with the basin of a bodies of water, related category
7. has natural reservoir, also known as natural reservoir (wd:P1605 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): host species for the pathogen in which it is endemic
8. tributary, also known as has inflow of, affluent, receives tributary, receives river, has river inflow (wd:P974 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): watercourse that flows into an other one (for lake inflows use P200)
9. coastline, also known as coastal line, sea shoreline (wd:P5141 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): length of the coastline (sea shore) of the region. Use qualifier... (P459) to define how it's determined/which granularity is used.
10. water as percent of area, also known as H₂O%, percent of area that is water (wd:P2927 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): which percentage of the territory of this item inside coast line...ternational bounderies is water. Use "percent" (Q11229)  as unit

[Tool] True

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The ASK query directly checks whether Chicago (wd:Q1297) is located in or next to Lake Michigan (wd:Q1169) using the appropriate property (wdt:P206). The answer and the SPARQL query are both accurate and follow the required guidelines.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?person ?personLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q761383 wdt:P138 ?person .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Riemannian geometry is named after Bernhard Riemann (wd:Q42299).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] After whom is the Riemannian geometry named?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The question asks for the person after whom "Riemannian geometry" is named.
2. I need to identify the entity for "Riemannian geometry" in Wikidata.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a concept to the person it is named after (often "named after" or similar).
4. Finally, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the person/entity.

First, I will search for the entity "Riemannian geometry" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Riemannian geometry (wd:Q761383): branch of differential geometry dealing with (generalized) Riemannian manifolds
2. Riemannian Geometry (wd:Q60133667): scientific article published in Nature
3. Riemannian Geometry. (wd:Q115229154): scientific article published in 1927
4. Riemannian Geometry. (wd:Q115229007): scientific article published in 1985
5. Riemannian geometry (wd:Q115364222): scientific article published in 1989
6. Riemannian geometry (wd:Q115158804): scientific article published in 1992
7. Discrete Riemannian geometry (wd:Q115328318): scientific article published in 1999
8. GENERALIZED RIEMANNIAN GEOMETRY. (wd:Q36396185): scientific article
9. Generalizing Riemannian geometry (wd:Q115333889): scientific article published in 1973
10. Book Review: Riemannian geometry (wd:Q115282274): scientific article published in 1989

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Riemannian geometry" as a mathematical field is wd:Q761383.

Next, I need to find the property that links a concept to the person it is named after. This is likely "named after", but I will confirm by searching for the property "named after".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. named after, also known as toponym, namesake, named in honor of, named for, etymology (wd:P138 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): entity or event that inspired the subject's name, or namesake (i...fier "applies to name" (P5168) can be used to indicate which one
2. theorized by, also known as author, supported by, suggested by, proposer, proposed by (wd:P8403 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): subject who suggested or proposed this concept or immaterial invention
3. named by, also known as coined by, namer (wd:P3938 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person or organisation that coined the name; use as qualifier for P2561 and its subproperties
4. appointed by, also known as named by (wd:P748 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): who appointed the person to the office, can be used as a qualifier
5. troponym of, also known as definition by troponym, troponym (wd:P5975 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): this verb describes more narrowly the action of the more general verb used as value, hyperonym
6. nickname, also known as informal name, moniker, other name, othername, other_names (wd:P1449 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): informal name (for a pseudonym use P742), name
7. applies to name of subject, also known as applies to subject's name, for the name, involved name, limited to the name, valid for the name (wd:P5168 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): (qualifier) label or alias name to which the claim applies (subj...er to name of the value, use "applies to name of object" (P8338), subject named as
8. object named as, also known as original wording, place name string, printed as, reference wording, [sic] (wd:P1932 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): use as qualifier to indicate how the object's value was given in the source, name
9. subject named as, also known as established as, established form, established heading, named as, spelled as (wd:P1810 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): name by which a subject is recorded in a database, mentioned as a contributor of a work, or is referred to in a particular context, name
10. name of the character role, also known as character named as, role named as, role name, name of the role, name of the character (wd:P4633 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): name by which a character role is recorded in a database or ment...ably a specific performance of a theatrical production of a play, name

[Assistant]
The property "named after" (wd:P138) is the correct one to use for finding the person after whom "Riemannian geometry" is named.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the value of the "named after" property (wd:P138) for "Riemannian geometry" (wd:Q761383). I will also try to get the label of the person/entity for clarity, but the main result will be the IRI.

Here is the query I will use:
```sparql
SELECT ?person ?personLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q761383 wdt:P138 ?person .
  OPTIONAL { ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel . FILTER(LANG(?personLabel) = "en") }
}
```
I will now execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| person                       | personLabel           |
| ---------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Bernhard Riemann (wd:Q42299) | Bernhard Riemann (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the entity after whom Riemannian geometry is named by using the 'named after' (wdt:P138) property on the Riemannian geometry (wd:Q761383) entity. The query returns the IRI of the person and optionally their English label, which is appropriate. The answer is correct and complete according to the requirements.


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?film ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?film wdt:P57 wd:Q42574 ; wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 ; wdt:P577 ?date .
  FILTER ( ?date < "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 11 (xsd:int) |

James Cameron directed 11 movies prior to the year 2010.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many movies has James Cameron directed prior to the year 2010?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "James Cameron".
2. We need to find the property that links a director to movies they have directed.
3. We need to filter movies directed by James Cameron with a release date prior to 2010.
4. We need to count the number of such movies.

First, let's search for the entity "James Cameron".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. James Cameron, also known as James Francis Cameron, J. F. Cameron, J F Cameron, Jim Cameron, J.F. Cameron (wd:Q42574): Canadian filmmaker (born 1954), television producer, philanthropist, film director, film producer, screenwriter, film editor, inventor, director, engineer, explorer, actor
2. James Cameron (wd:Q3160968): 19th century Scottish artisan missionary (1800–1875), artisan
3. James Cameron (wd:Q6130912): South African cricketer, cricketer
4. James Cameron, also known as James Herbert Cameron, Jr. (wd:Q10305062): American civil rights activist (1914-2006), civil rights advocate, writer
5. James Cameron (wd:Q6130916): Scottish footballer (1868-1934), association football manager, association football player
6. James Cameron, also known as Mark James Walter Cameron (wd:Q6130915): British journalist (1911–1985), television presenter, autobiographer, journalist
7. Cameron James, also known as Cameron Lewis James (wd:Q24060497): association football player (born 1998), association football player
8. James Cameron, also known as James Gair Cameron (wd:Q6130910): Zimbabwean cricketer, cricketer
9. James R. Cameron, also known as James Cameron, James Reese Cameron (wd:Q6141583): American historian (born 1929), historian
10. James Cameron (wd:Q119824536): association football player, Canadian soccer player

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "James Cameron" the filmmaker is wd:Q42574.

Next, we need to find the property that links a director to the movies they have directed. Let's search for properties related to "director".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. director / manager, also known as leader, manager, manager/director, managing director, Officer-in-Charge (wd:P1037 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person who manages any kind of group, significant person
2. director, also known as film director, movie director, game director, directed by (wd:P57 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): director(s) of film, TV-series, stageplay, video game or similar, contributor to the creative work or subject, creator
3. editor-in-chief, also known as lead editor, managing editor, executive editor, editor in chief, directed by (wd:P5769 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility fo...publishing articles or books in collections or periodical papers
4. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): position of the head of this item
5. creative director (wd:P12617 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person who makes high-level creative decisions, director
6. assistant director, also known as second unit director (wd:P5126 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): assistant stage director of a performing arts, film or television production
7. artistic director (wd:P8938 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person responsible for the overall artistic vision of an organization and for its execution. See also P3174 for works., director / manager
8. art director, also known as artistic director (wd:P3174 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person credited as the art director/artistic director of this wo... designers, lighting designers; See also P8938 for organizations
9. director of photography, also known as cinematographer, DOP (wd:P344 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person responsible for the framing, lighting, and filtration of the subject work, film crew member
10. director of archaeological fieldwork, also known as dig director, director of excavations, excavation director (wd:P4345 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person leading the archaeological or anthropological investigation at a given site, significant person

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for film director is wd:P57 ("director").

Now, we need to find movies (films) directed by James Cameron (wd:Q42574), and filter those with a release date prior to 2010. For this, we need the property for "publication date" or "release date". Let's search for properties related to "release date".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. date of commercialization, also known as availability date, commercialization date, product release date, release date (wd:P5204 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date when a product was first commercialized
2. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
3. announcement date, also known as released, date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published (wd:P6949 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, point in time
4. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
5. day of regular release (wd:P6437 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): day(s) when parts of this creative work are released, aired, published, etc
6. service entry, also known as commissioned, time of service entry, service introduction, launch date, in service (wd:P729 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service, start time
7. date of official opening, also known as launch date, launched, officially opened on, official opening, official opening time (wd:P1619 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time a place, organization, or event officially opened, start time, inception
8. UTC date of spacecraft launch, also known as time of spacecraft launch, spacecraft launch time, spacecraft launch date, launch time, launch date (wd:P619 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date of spacecraft launch in UTC
9. production date, also known as date of production, filming date, filming time, production date, year of production (wd:P2754 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): period of active production of (creative) work; the only date st... publication date (P577); in general cases, use inception (P571)
10. place of publication, also known as published in (place), where published, release region, released in, published from (wd:P291 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): geographical place of publication of the edition (use 1st edition when referring to works), significant place

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for the release date of a film is wd:P577 ("publication date").

Now, we need to:
- Find all items where wdt:P57 (director) is wd:Q42574 (James Cameron)
- Make sure these items are films/movies
- Filter where wdt:P577 (publication date) is before 2010-01-01
- Count the number of such items

Let's check if there is a specific class for "film" or "movie" in Wikidata. I'll search for the entity "film".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. film, also known as cinematic work, moving picture, movie, motion pictures, motion picture (wd:Q11424): sequence of images that give the impression of movement, stored on film stock
2. photographic film, also known as camera film, film, photo film (wd:Q6293): sheet of plastic coated with light-sensitive chemicals
3. film studies, also known as cinema studies, film, movie studies (wd:Q1660187): academic discipline that deals with various theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to films
4. thin film, also known as film, films, nanofilm, pellicle, thin layer (wd:Q1137203): a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness
5. motion picture film, also known as moving-picture film, movie film, cinematographic film, film (wd:Q110968856): type of photographic film for motion pictures
6. /Film, also known as SlashFilm, slashfilm.com (wd:Q573998): film blog
7. Everybody's Talking About Jamie, also known as film (wd:Q65050923): 2021 film directed by Jonathan Butterell
8. plastic foil, also known as Film, plastic film, Plastic film, plastic films (wd:Q1736298): thin continuous polymeric material
9. Film (wd:Q1414297): 1965 short film directed by Alan Schneider
10. Film, Film, Film, also known as Фильм, фильм, фильм (wd:Q4484382): 1968 animated short film by Fyodor Khitruk

[Assistant]
The entity for "film" as a cinematic work is wd:Q11424.

Now, let's build the SPARQL query step by step:
- Select items where wdt:P57 (director) is wd:Q42574 (James Cameron)
- Ensure the item is an instance of (wdt:P31) wd:Q11424 (film)
- Filter for publication date (wdt:P577) before 2010-01-01
- Count the number of such items

Let's write the SPARQL query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 11 (xsd:int) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and follows all the rules: it counts the number of distinct movies (wd:Q11424) directed by James Cameron (wd:Q42574) with a publication date before 2010. The use of COUNT(DISTINCT ?film) ensures no duplicates, and the date filter is applied correctly. The answer is accurate and complete.


Failed to generate SPARQL query

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Is Dr. Pepper named after its inventor?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity "Dr. Pepper" (the beverage).
2. We need to determine if Dr. Pepper is named after its inventor. This involves:
   - Finding the inventor of Dr. Pepper.
   - Determining the origin of the name "Dr. Pepper" and whether it is derived from the inventor's name.

First, I will search for the entity "Dr. Pepper" in Wikidata.
I will search for the entity "Dr. Pepper" in Wikidata to get its identifier and relevant information.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?album ?date ( SAMPLE( ?albumLabel ) AS ?label ) WHERE {
  ?album wdt:P31 wd:Q482994 ; wdt:P175 wd:Q238819 ; wdt:P577 ?date .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?album rdfs:label ?albumLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?albumLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
GROUP BY ?album ?date
ORDER BY ASC ( ?date )
LIMIT 1

Jay Chou's first album is "Jay" (wd:Q221115), released on November 6, 2000.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] The first album of Jay Chou

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the first album of Jay Chou.
2. We need to identify the entity for Jay Chou in Wikidata.
3. Then, we need to find albums (likely "instance of: album") associated with Jay Chou (probably as performer or creator).
4. Finally, we need to determine which of these albums is the first (by release date).

Let's start by searching for the entity "Jay Chou" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Jayanta Choudhury (wd:Q102339960): Ph.D. University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2008
3. Jaya Choudhary (wd:Q88317282): researcher
4. Jayadratha Choudhury (wd:Q107562664): Indian Odia-language writer, writer
5. Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories (wd:Q24595331): 2016 studio album by Jay Chou
6. Jayanta Narayan Choudhury, also known as Jayanto Narayan Choudhury (wd:Q110437452): Indian police officer
7. Choudhury Jayprakash Das, also known as Choudhury Jayaprakash Das, Caudhurī Jaẏaprakāśa Dāsa (wd:Q60511536): Indian actor and academic, film actor, teacher, actor
8. Jay Chou 2007 World Tour Concert Live (wd:Q1100149): live album
9. J, also known as ᴊ, Juliett, Juliet, j, jay (wd:Q9773): 10th-17th letter of Latin alphabets
10. Eurasian Jay, also known as Garrulus glandarius, Jay, European Jay (wd:Q25354): species of bird

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Jay Chou is wd:Q238819.

Next, I need to find albums associated with Jay Chou. I will look for albums where Jay Chou is the performer or creator. Then, I will need to sort them by release date to find the first one.

First, let's search for properties related to "album" for Jay Chou.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. AllMusic artist ID, also known as AllMusic, AllMusic ID, amg artist (wd:P1728 as p/wdt): identifier for an artist, musical group, or record label in the AllMusic database (record labels are listed as "artists")
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. discography, also known as discography link, recording catalog (wd:P358 as p/wdt): item for list pages with discography of artist or band, list of works
4. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
5. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
6. record label, also known as label, labels (wd:P264 as p/wdt): brand and trademark associated with the marketing of subject music recordings and music videos
7. Apple Music artist ID (U.S. version), also known as iTunes author ID, music.apple.com/artist/, iTunes artist ID (American version), https://music.apple.com/artist/, Apple Music artist ID (American version) (wd:P2850 as p/wdt): identifier for a musical artist or author in the U.S. version of Apple Music
8. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as p/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
9. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
10. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as p/wdt): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for "album" on Jay Chou's entity, but there is a "discography" property (wd:P358), which may link to a list of his albums. Alternatively, albums may be linked to Jay Chou via properties such as "performer" or "artist".

To proceed, I will search for properties related to "performer" or "artist" that may link Jay Chou to albums.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject
2. character role, also known as role, plays, performer of, as, acting role (wd:P453 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): specific role played or filled by subject -- use only as qualifier of "cast member" (P161), "voice actor" (P725)
3. cover art by, also known as jacket art by, sleeve art by, designer, cover design by, cover artist (wd:P736 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): name of person or team creating cover artwork for book, record album, single record etc.
4. setlist, also known as set list, works performed, songs performed, performances, performance list (wd:P9793 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): performances of songs or other music at an event; concert program, presented works
5. number of representations, also known as shows, performances, number of shows, number of concerts, no. of shows (wd:P5027 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): number of shows (including the premiere) of a concert tour or a performing arts production
6. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
7. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
8. exhibited creator, also known as artist exhibited, exhibited artist (wd:P10661 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): intellectual or creative entity (person or organization) responsible for the elements exhibited, creator
9. Muziekweb performer ID, also known as Muziekweb artist ID, Muziekweb band ID (wd:P5882 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): identifier for a performer, composer or band at Muziekweb
10. talk show guest, also known as show guest, podcast guest, participant in talk show, participant in podcast interview, interviewed person (wd:P5030 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): person invited in a talk show, recorded participant

[Assistant]
The property "performer" (wd:P175) is likely used to link Jay Chou to albums he performed on. Now, I need to find albums (instances of "album") where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the performer.

To do this, I will search for objects of the property "performer" (wd:P175) with the query "Jay Chou" to see if albums are linked this way.

[Tool]
Falling back to an unconstrained search on the full precomputed search indices:
Got more than the maximum supported number of object candidates (65,536)

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jay Chou, also known as President Chou, Zhou Jielun, Chou Chieh-lun (wd:Q238819): Taiwanese pop singer, songwriter, and actor, recording artist, record producer, film director, songwriter, composer, director, rapper, singer, actor
2. Jayanta Choudhury (wd:Q102339960): Ph.D. University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2008
3. Jaya Choudhary (wd:Q88317282): researcher
4. Jayadratha Choudhury (wd:Q107562664): Indian Odia-language writer, writer
5. Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories (wd:Q24595331): 2016 studio album by Jay Chou
6. Jayanta Narayan Choudhury, also known as Jayanto Narayan Choudhury (wd:Q110437452): Indian police officer
7. Choudhury Jayprakash Das, also known as Choudhury Jayaprakash Das, Caudhurī Jaẏaprakāśa Dāsa (wd:Q60511536): Indian actor and academic, film actor, teacher, actor
8. Jay Chou 2007 World Tour Concert Live (wd:Q1100149): live album
9. J, also known as ᴊ, Juliett, Juliet, j, jay (wd:Q9773): 10th-17th letter of Latin alphabets
10. Eurasian Jay, also known as Garrulus glandarius, Jay, European Jay (wd:Q25354): species of bird

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant]
The search confirms that Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is used as a performer on albums, and some of his albums (e.g., "Jay Chou's Bedtime Stories" and "Jay Chou 2007 World Tour Concert Live") are present in Wikidata.

Now, I need to construct a query to find all albums where Jay Chou is the performer, filter for instances of "album" (likely wd:Q482994), and then sort them by release date to find the first one.

First, let's confirm the entity for "album" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. album, also known as full album, record album, music album, full-length album, audio album (wd:Q482994): grouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the ...racks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)
2. album, also known as scrapbook (wd:Q1173065): book with pages used for assembling and presenting a collection,...blished sets of pages that are bound or loose-leaf and annotated
3. album (wd:Q2288488): board chalked or painted white, on which decrees, edicts and other public notices were inscribed in black in ancient Rome
4. Album (wd:Q531318): 1994 album by Quorthon
5. Album (wd:Q23925073): 2016 film by Mehmet Can Mertoğlu
6. Album (wd:Q1411632): 1983 album by Joan Jett
7. Album, also known as Cassette, Compact Disc (wd:Q1942675): 1986 album by Public Image Ltd
8. Álbum (wd:Q6172625): 2006 studio album by Lu
9. Album, also known as 82876 650 512 (wd:Q146378): 2004 studio album by Brodka a.k.a. Monika Brodka
10. Album (wd:Q4712765): 2002 Tamil film directed by Vasanthabalan

[Assistant]
The correct entity for a music album is wd:Q482994.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to:
- Find all items that are instances of "album" (wd:Q482994)
- Where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the performer (wdt:P175)
- Get their release dates (likely property "publication date" or "release date")
- Sort by release date and select the first one

First, let's search for the property for "release date" or "publication date".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. date of commercialization, also known as availability date, commercialization date, product release date, release date (wd:P5204 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date when a product was first commercialized
2. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
3. announcement date, also known as released, date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published (wd:P6949 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, point in time
4. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
5. day of regular release (wd:P6437 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): day(s) when parts of this creative work are released, aired, published, etc
6. service entry, also known as commissioned, time of service entry, service introduction, launch date, in service (wd:P729 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service, start time
7. date of official opening, also known as launch date, launched, officially opened on, official opening, official opening time (wd:P1619 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date or point in time a place, organization, or event officially opened, start time, inception
8. UTC date of spacecraft launch, also known as time of spacecraft launch, spacecraft launch time, spacecraft launch date, launch time, launch date (wd:P619 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): date of spacecraft launch in UTC
9. production date, also known as date of production, filming date, filming time, production date, year of production (wd:P2754 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): period of active production of (creative) work; the only date st... publication date (P577); in general cases, use inception (P571)
10. place of publication, also known as published in (place), where published, release region, released in, published from (wd:P291 as pqn/pqv/p/pq/ps/wdt/psn/prn/psv/prv/wdtn/pr): geographical place of publication of the edition (use 1st edition when referring to works), significant place

[Assistant]
The most appropriate property for album release date is "publication date" (wd:P577).

Now, I will construct the SPARQL query to:
- Select items that are instances of "album" (wd:Q482994)
- Where Jay Chou (wd:Q238819) is the performer (wdt:P175)
- Get their publication date (wdt:P577)
- Order by publication date ascending
- Return the first result (Jay Chou's first album)

I will also optionally include the album's label for clarity.

Here is the SPARQL query:

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| album            | date                                | label    |
| ---------------- | ----------------------------------- | -------- |
| Jay (wd:Q221115) | 2000-11-06T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | Jay (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies Jay Chou's first album by selecting albums performed by Jay Chou, ordering them by publication date, and limiting the result to the earliest one. The query returns the album's IRI, publication date, and (optionally) its English label, all in accordance with the guidelines. The answer is accurate and complete.