PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?person ?personLabel WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P1303 wd:Q5994 .
  ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 20

Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                            | personLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| György Ferenczy (wd:Q1000563)     | György Ferenczy (en)    |
| Fernando Carrillo (wd:Q1000682)   | Fernando Carrillo (en)  |
| Buddha Scheidegger (wd:Q1000788)  | Buddha Scheidegger (en) |
| Buddy Banks (wd:Q1001119)         | Buddy Banks (en)        |
| Buddy Casino (wd:Q1001135)        | Buddy Casino (en)       |
| ...                               | ...                     |
| Mika Rännäli (wd:Q100262243)      | Mika Rännäli (en)       |
| Franz Josef Dorer (wd:Q100272564) | Franz Josef Dorer (en)  |
| Irene Jacobi (wd:Q100304689)      | Irene Jacobi (en)       |
| Liv Andrea Hauge (wd:Q100319986)  | Liv Andrea Hauge (en)   |
| Richard Laugs (wd:Q100360)        | Richard Laugs (en)      |

Here are some people who play the piano (with their Wikidata IRIs and optional English labels): György Ferenczy, Fernando Carrillo, Buddha Scheidegger, Buddy Banks, Buddy Casino, Mika Rännäli, Franz Josef Dorer, Irene Jacobi, Liv Andrea Hauge, Richard Laugs, and more.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who plays the piano?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "who plays the piano?", I need to:

1. Identify the entity for "piano" in Wikidata.
2. Find the property that links people to the instruments they play (e.g., "instrument played" or similar).
3. Write a SPARQL query to find people who are associated with playing the piano.

First, I will search for the entity "piano" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. piano, also known as concert grand piano, fortepiano, pianoforte, spinet, spinnet (wd:Q5994): musical keyboard instrument
2. The Piano, also known as Piano (wd:Q117315): 1993 film directed by Jane Campion
3. Piano (wd:Q271510): commune in Haute-Corse, France
4. piano (wd:Q2707020): music dynamic
5. Piano (wd:Q18481806): settlement in Commezzadura, Italy
6. Piano Vetrale, also known as Piano, Vetrale (wd:Q18437604): Italian village
7. Piano (wd:Q18500111): area in Italy
8. Piano (wd:Q18462367): settlement in Murialdo, Italy
9. Piano (wd:Q18489749): settlement in Comano, Italy
10. Piano (wd:Q18495362): settlement in Brissago-Valtravaglia, Italy

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "piano" as a musical instrument is wd:Q5994.

Next, I need to find the property that links people to the instruments they play. I will search for properties related to "instrument played".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses
2. uses, also known as uses trope, used, using, wielded, wields (wd:P2283 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): item or concept used by the subject or in the operation (see also instrument [P1303] and armament [P520])
3. instrumentation, also known as scoring, scored for, orchestration, instruments employed, orchestrated for (wd:P870 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): combination of musical instruments employed in a composition or accompanying a (folk) dance
4. performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject
5. setlist, also known as set list, works performed, songs performed, performances, performance list (wd:P9793 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): performances of songs or other music at an event; concert program, presented works
6. produced sound, also known as call, makes call, makes sound, sound, sound emitted (wd:P4733 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): item for the sound generated by the subject, for instance the cry of an animal
7. orchestration, also known as scoring, score notation, orchestration notation, orchestration in notated form, notated scoring (wd:P11862 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): an enumeration of the instruments used in a musical composition or arrangement described using any system of score notation
8. has melody, also known as uses tune, to the tune of, uses melody, TTTO, has tune (wd:P1625 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): this work has the melody of the following work, references work, tradition or theory
9. beats per minute, also known as BPM, tempo, musical tempo, metronome mark, bpm (wd:P1725 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): tempo of a musical work, indicated numerically (use P1558 for qualitative tempo markings), frequency
10. tempo marking, also known as tempo, musical tempo (wd:P1558 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): qualitative indication about the speed or pace of a given musical piece (use P1725 for numerical tempo markings)

[Assistant]
The property "instrument" (wd:P1303) is the correct one to use for linking people to the musical instruments they play.

Now, I will write a SPARQL query to find people (humans) who play the piano (wd:Q5994) using the property "instrument" (wd:P1303). I will also try to include their labels if available.

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                            |
| --------------------------------- |
| György Ferenczy (wd:Q1000563)     |
| Fernando Carrillo (wd:Q1000682)   |
| Buddha Scheidegger (wd:Q1000788)  |
| Buddy Banks (wd:Q1001119)         |
| Buddy Casino (wd:Q1001135)        |
| ...                               |
| Mika Rännäli (wd:Q100262243)      |
| Franz Josef Dorer (wd:Q100272564) |
| Irene Jacobi (wd:Q100304689)      |
| Liv Andrea Hauge (wd:Q100319986)  |
| Richard Laugs (wd:Q100360)        |

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                            | personLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| György Ferenczy (wd:Q1000563)     | György Ferenczy (en)    |
| Fernando Carrillo (wd:Q1000682)   | Fernando Carrillo (en)  |
| Buddha Scheidegger (wd:Q1000788)  | Buddha Scheidegger (en) |
| Buddy Banks (wd:Q1001119)         | Buddy Banks (en)        |
| Buddy Casino (wd:Q1001135)        | Buddy Casino (en)       |
| ...                               | ...                     |
| Mika Rännäli (wd:Q100262243)      | Mika Rännäli (en)       |
| Franz Josef Dorer (wd:Q100272564) | Franz Josef Dorer (en)  |
| Irene Jacobi (wd:Q100304689)      | Irene Jacobi (en)       |
| Liv Andrea Hauge (wd:Q100319986)  | Liv Andrea Hauge (en)   |
| Richard Laugs (wd:Q100360)        | Richard Laugs (en)      |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves humans (wd:Q5) who play the piano (wd:Q5994) using the appropriate property (wdt:P1303). It returns the IRIs as required and includes optional English labels. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?album ?genre ?genreLabel WHERE {
  VALUES ?album {
    wd:Q3646704 wd:Q60742920
  }
  ?album wdt:P136 ?genre .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?genre rdfs:label ?genreLabel FILTER ( lang( ?genreLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The album "Built to Destroy" by Michael Schenker Group (wd:Q3646704) is of the hard rock genre. The album "Built to Destroy" by Incite (wd:Q60742920) is of the groove metal genre.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What type of music genre is the album "Built to Destroy"?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for the album "Built to Destroy".
2. Then, we need to find the property that links an album to its music genre.
3. Finally, we will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the genre(s) of the album.

First, let's search for the entity "Built to Destroy" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Built to Destroy (wd:Q3646704): album by Michael Schenker Group
2. Built to Destroy (wd:Q60742920): album by Incite
3. TOBuilt Architectural Database, also known as TO Built, TOBuilt (wd:Q107524882): open source database of architectural information for buildings and structures in Toronto
4. to destroy (wd:L1083674-S1)
5. to destroy (wd:L1092665-S1)
6. to destroy (wd:L1093646-S2)
7. to destroy (wd:L1093893-S4)
8. to destroy (wd:L1142315-S1)
9. to destroy (wd:L1395400-S1)
10. to destroy (wd:L1386832-S3)

[Assistant]
There are two albums named "Built to Destroy" in Wikidata:
1. Built to Destroy (wd:Q3646704): album by Michael Schenker Group
2. Built to Destroy (wd:Q60742920): album by Incite

Since the question does not specify the artist, I will retrieve the genre for both albums. Next, I need to find the property that links an album to its music genre. I'll search for the property "genre".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. radio format, also known as format, radio station format, genre (wd:P415 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): describes the overall content broadcast on a radio station
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
4. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): structure of a creative work
5. Every Noise at Once ID, also known as Spotify genre, Every Noise at Once identifier, everynoise.com identifier (wd:P9881 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier of a music genre, style, or scene on the Every Noise at Once website
6. MusicBrainz genre ID, also known as MB genre ID (wd:P8052 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier for a genre on the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia
7. for color scheme, also known as color mode, uses colour scheme, uses color scheme, theme, prefers colour scheme (wd:P8798 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): which color scheme this statement is designed for
8. based on, also known as modelled after, inspired by, iteration of, modeled after, fork of (wd:P144 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074, references work, tradition or theory, inspired by
9. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
10. AllMusic genre/style ID, also known as AllMusic style identifier, AllMusic theme identifier, AllMusic theme ID, AllMusic style ID, AllMusic style/genre ID (wd:P9185 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): ID of a music genre or style in AllMusic

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for music genre is "genre" (wd:P136).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the genre(s) for both "Built to Destroy" albums (Michael Schenker Group and Incite) using their Wikidata IDs (wd:Q3646704 and wd:Q60742920) and the property wd:P136. I will also try to get the genre labels for better readability, but will keep them optional as per the instructions.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| album                           | genre                     | genreLabel        |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------- |
| Built to Destroy (wd:Q60742920) | groove metal (wd:Q241662) | groove metal (en) |
| Built to Destroy (wd:Q3646704)  | hard rock (wd:Q83270)     | hard rock (en)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query retrieves the genres for both albums named "Built to Destroy" found in Wikidata, returning their IRIs and English labels as requested by the user. The answer accurately reflects the query results and provides the relevant information for both albums. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?work ?title WHERE {
  ?work wdt:P136 wd:Q1080374 .
  ?work wdt:P31 wd:Q7725634 .
  ?work wdt:P1476 ?title .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?title ) = 'en' )
}
LIMIT 1

One science fantasy book is "Job: A Comedy of Justice".

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what's the title of a science fantasy book

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for the title of a book.
2. The book should be in the "science fantasy" genre.

First, I need to identify the Wikidata entity for "science fantasy" and the property for "genre" or similar, as well as the property for "title" of a book. I'll start by searching for the entity "science fantasy".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. science fantasy (wd:Q1080374): science fiction genre
2. Science Fantasy (wd:Q3475733): defunct British science fiction magazine
3. Science Fantasy Review (wd:Q130750271): science fiction fanzine
4. Science Fantasy News (wd:Q66382609): UK Fanzine (1949-1960) edited by A. Vincent Clarke and Kenneth B... 15 issues from January 1949 (#1 dated Winter 1948) to June 1960
5. Science Fantasy News (wd:Q115867309): science fiction fanzine
6. A science-fiction fantasy (wd:Q59019116): scientific article published in Nature
7. Not Science Fantasy News (wd:Q130750121): science fiction fanzine
8. The Science Fantasy Fan (wd:Q130750475): science fiction fanzine
9. science fantasy video game (wd:Q107542272): video game genre
10. Science, Fantasy, and Science Fiction (wd:Q115899347): science fiction fanzine

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the genre "science fantasy" is wd:Q1080374 (science fantasy).

Next, I need to find the property for "genre" to link books to this genre, and the property for "title" to retrieve the book's title. I'll search for the "genre" property first.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. radio format, also known as format, radio station format, genre (wd:P415 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): describes the overall content broadcast on a radio station
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
4. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): structure of a creative work
5. Every Noise at Once ID, also known as Spotify genre, Every Noise at Once identifier, everynoise.com identifier (wd:P9881 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier of a music genre, style, or scene on the Every Noise at Once website
6. MusicBrainz genre ID, also known as MB genre ID (wd:P8052 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier for a genre on the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia
7. for color scheme, also known as color mode, uses colour scheme, uses color scheme, theme, prefers colour scheme (wd:P8798 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): which color scheme this statement is designed for
8. based on, also known as modelled after, inspired by, iteration of, modeled after, fork of (wd:P144 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074, references work, tradition or theory, inspired by
9. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
10. AllMusic genre/style ID, also known as AllMusic style identifier, AllMusic theme identifier, AllMusic theme ID, AllMusic style ID, AllMusic style/genre ID (wd:P9185 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): ID of a music genre or style in AllMusic

[Assistant]
The property for "genre" is wd:P136.

Now, I need to identify the property for "title" of a book. I'll search for the "title" property next.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
2. official name, also known as long title, name, official title, registered name, full title (wd:P1448 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): official name of the subject in its official language(s), name
3. title of broader work, also known as container title, website title (wd:P6333 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): title of website, journal or other work in which an article (or ...is published in. Use "published in" (P1433) instead if possible.
4. front and back matter, also known as glossary of this book, postface, introduction in this book, index of this book, preface (wd:P8570 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): front and back matter of a book, has part(s) of the class
5. title page number, also known as cover page number, title djvu page, title file page, title file page number, title page (wd:P4714 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): qualifier to indicate the number of the page of a document in which the title page is located. Don't use for the actual cover page.
6. short name, also known as short title, shortname, abbreviation, shortened name, initialism (wd:P1813 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): short name of a place, organisation, person, journal, wikidata property, etc. Used by some Wikipedia templates., name
7. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
8. title in LaTeX, also known as LaTeX title, Tex title, title in TeX (wd:P6835 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): (qualifier) for title property (P1476), to write title in LaTeX/...n't render it normally. Enclose normal text with " ext{" and "}"
9. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
10. review score by, also known as publication, reviewer, score issuer, scorer (wd:P447 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): issuer of a review score

[Assistant]
The property for "title" is wd:P1476.

Now, I need to ensure I am querying for books. I'll search for the entity representing "book" to use as a type constraint.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. book, also known as books (wd:Q571): medium for recording information (words or images) typically on bound pages or more abstractly in electronic or audio form
2. book (wd:Q997698): common figure in heraldry, used as a symbol of scholarship
3. book graph, also known as book (wd:Q4942925): one of two types of graph: quadrilateral books and square books
4. Kasidet Plookphol, also known as Book (wd:Q110897550): television actor, Thai actor, actor
5. Book (wd:Q5851422): village in Iran
6. Book (wd:Q16860229): family name
7. Book (wd:Q106838557): 2021 studio album by They Might Be Giants
8. .book (wd:Q24033188): top-level domain
9. Book Book, also known as Book Book, New South Wales, Book Book, New South Wales, Australia (wd:Q4942928): suburb of Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
10. Book, also known as Book, LA, Book, Louisiana (wd:Q17986011): human settlement in United States of America

[Assistant]
The entity for "book" as a medium is wd:Q571.

Now, I have all the necessary components:
- Book: wd:Q571
- Genre: wd:P136
- Science fantasy: wd:Q1080374
- Title: wd:P1476

I'll write a SPARQL query to find the title of a book (wd:Q571) with genre (wd:P136) science fantasy (wd:Q1080374), returning the book's IRI and its title.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that the query did not return any results. This could be due to a lack of direct genre tagging for books as "science fantasy" in Wikidata, or perhaps the genre is applied to works in a different way.

To troubleshoot, I will check if there are any works (not just books) with the genre "science fantasy" and see what types of works are returned. This will help determine if the genre is used for books or for other creative works.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| work                                   | workType                            | title                             |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Onyx Equinox (wd:Q100272630)           | animated web series (wd:Q117467240) | Onyx Equinox (en)                 |
| Job: A Comedy of Justice (wd:Q1010653) | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Job: A Comedy of Justice (en)     |
| Job: A Comedy of Justice (wd:Q1010653) | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Job : Une comédie de justice (fr) |
| Obsidian (wd:Q102204348)               | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Obsidian (en)                     |
| Lux (wd:Q102204480)                    | novel series (wd:Q1667921)          |                                   |
| Onyx (wd:Q102204595)                   | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Onyx (en)                         |
| Opal (wd:Q102204651)                   | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Opal (en)                         |
| Origin (wd:Q102204782)                 | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Origin (en)                       |
| Opposition (wd:Q102204888)             | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Opposition (en)                   |
| Shadows (wd:Q102204998)                | literary work (wd:Q7725634)         | Shadows (en)                      |

[Assistant]
From the results, I see that works with the genre "science fantasy" are often classified as "literary work" (wd:Q7725634), and some have English titles. One example is "Job: A Comedy of Justice" (wd:Q1010653).

Since the user asked for a science fantasy book, and "literary work" can include books, I will refine the query to return one such work with its title, prioritizing those with an English title.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the title of a science fantasy book by filtering for works that are instances of literary works (wd:Q7725634) and have the genre 'science fantasy' (wd:Q1080374), returning the English title. The answer is accurate and the query follows all the required rules. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?position ?positionLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q231397 wdt:P413 ?position .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?position rdfs:label ?positionLabel FILTER ( lang( ?positionLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| position              | positionLabel |
| --------------------- | ------------- |
| defender (wd:Q336286) | defender (en) |

Zvjezdan Cvetković played as a defender.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the position of football player zvjezdan cvetković

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Zvjezdan Cvetković", who is a football player.
2. The property we are interested in is the "position" that he played.

First, I will search for the entity "Zvjezdan Cvetković" in Wikidata to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Zvjezdan Cvetković (wd:Q231397): Serbian/Yugoslav footballer (1960-2017), association football manager, association football player
2. Cvetković, also known as Cvetković, Jastrebarsko (wd:Q849651): settlement in the Town of Jastrebarsko, Zagreb County, Croatia
3. Cvetković (wd:Q21493289): family name
4. Zvjezdan (wd:Q63806449): given name
5. Cvetkovic (wd:Q37299241): family name
6. Zvjezdan Misimović, also known as Miske, Zvjezdan Misimovic (wd:Q158243): association football player, Bosnian footballer
7. Mirko Cvetković (wd:Q204723): Prime Minister of Serbia (2008–2012), politician, economist
8. Dragiša Cvetković (wd:Q905523): Yugoslav politician (1893-1969), politician, journalist
9. Borislav Cvetković (wd:Q893818): association football manager, Croatian-Serbian footballer, association football player
10. Vladimir Cvetković (wd:Q2423829): Yugoslavian basketball player, basketball player

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Zvjezdan Cvetković is wd:Q231397.

Next, I need to find the property related to the "position" played by a football player. I will search for properties related to "position" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as wdt/p): position or specialism of a player on a team
2. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt/p): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
3. member of sports team, also known as plays for, played for, sport team, team, team played for (wd:P54 as wdt/p): sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented, member of
4. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as wdt/p): date on which the subject was born, inception
6. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt/p): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
7. country for sport, also known as sports nationality, sports country, sport nationality, sporting nationality, sport country (wd:P1532 as wdt/p): country a person or a team represents when playing a sport, country
8. league or competition, also known as tournament, sports league, division, cup, competition (wd:P118 as wdt/p): league or competition in which team or player has played, or in which an event occurs, participant in
9. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
10. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as wdt/p): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "position played on team / speciality" (wdt:P413) is the relevant one for a football player's position.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the position(s) played by Zvjezdan Cvetković (wd:Q231397) using this property. I will also try to get the label of the position for readability.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| position              | positionLabel |
| --------------------- | ------------- |
| defender (wd:Q336286) | defender (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the position played by Zvjezdan Cvetković by returning the IRI of the position. However, to improve the answer, it would be helpful to also include the human-readable label for the position (e.g., 'defender'), using an OPTIONAL clause with rdfs:label. This would make the result more user-friendly and complete, especially if the answer is to be presented directly to users. The current query is otherwise correct and follows the rules.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the position (player position) of Zvjezdan Cvetković using the appropriate property (wdt:P413) and returns the IRI of the position as required. The query also optionally retrieves the English label for human readability. The answer matches the query result and is accurate. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?game ?gameLabel WHERE {
  ?game wdt:P31 wd:Q7889 ; wdt:P136 wd:Q343568 ; wdt:P400 wd:Q16338 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?game rdfs:label ?gameLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?gameLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 9 rows and 2 columns:
| game                                 | gameLabel                   |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------------------- |
| wd:Q12038940                         |                             |
| Foul Play (wd:Q16267773)             | Foul Play (en)              |
| Catherine (wd:Q277377)               | Catherine (en)              |
| Darksiders III (wd:Q29704664)        | Darksiders III (en)         |
| CrossCode (wd:Q30632190)             | CrossCode (en)              |
| Star Trek: Hidden Evil (wd:Q3496996) | Star Trek: Hidden Evil (en) |
| Vangers (wd:Q4103296)                | Vangers (en)                |
| Hitman 2 (wd:Q54856541)              | Hitman 2 (en)               |
| Star Trek: Legacy (wd:Q646696)       | Star Trek: Legacy (en)      |

This query returns all action-adventure games (genre) that are video games and are available for the personal computer platform, along with their Wikidata identifiers and English labels if available.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what are action-adventure games for the computer

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We are looking for "action-adventure games" (a genre).
2. The games should be "for the computer" (platform: computer/PC).

First, I need to identify:
- The Wikidata entity for "action-adventure game".
- The property for "genre" (to filter games by genre).
- The property for "platform" (to filter games by computer/PC).
- The entity for "computer" or "PC" as a platform.

I'll start by searching for the entity "action-adventure game".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. action-adventure game, also known as action adventure, action-adventure, action adventure video game, a-avg (wd:Q343568): video game genre
2. game, also known as games, plays and games, recreational game, recreational games (wd:Q11410): structured form of play
3. game, also known as game animal, game animals, quarry (wd:Q223930): wild animals under pursuit or taken in hunting
4. The Game, also known as Game, Jayceon Terrell Taylor, Jayceon Taylor (wd:Q189936): American rapper, record producer and actor, record producer, music executive, songwriter, musician, rapper, actor
5. The Game, also known as Game (wd:Q723187): 1997 film directed by David Fincher
6. Game (wd:Q1007948): album by J-pop group Perfume
7. Game Digital plc, also known as Game, GAME, Game Digital, The Game Group plc (wd:Q5519813): British video games retail company
8. Game (wd:Q2402016): 2011 Hindi film directed by Abhinay Deo
9. Game (wd:Q16248471): 2002 film
10. Game (wd:Q5519807): 2006 Telugu film

[Assistant]
The entity for "action-adventure game" as a video game genre is wd:Q343568.

Next, I need to find the property for "genre" to filter games by this genre, and the property for "platform" to filter for computer/PC games. I'll search for the "genre" property first.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. radio format, also known as format, radio station format, genre (wd:P415 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): describes the overall content broadcast on a radio station
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
4. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): structure of a creative work
5. Every Noise at Once ID, also known as Spotify genre, Every Noise at Once identifier, everynoise.com identifier (wd:P9881 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier of a music genre, style, or scene on the Every Noise at Once website
6. MusicBrainz genre ID, also known as MB genre ID (wd:P8052 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier for a genre on the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia
7. for color scheme, also known as color mode, uses colour scheme, uses color scheme, theme, prefers colour scheme (wd:P8798 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): which color scheme this statement is designed for
8. based on, also known as modelled after, inspired by, iteration of, modeled after, fork of (wd:P144 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074, references work, tradition or theory, inspired by
9. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
10. AllMusic genre/style ID, also known as AllMusic style identifier, AllMusic theme identifier, AllMusic theme ID, AllMusic style ID, AllMusic style/genre ID (wd:P9185 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): ID of a music genre or style in AllMusic

[Assistant]
The property for "genre" is wdt:P136.

Now, I need to find the property for "platform" to filter for computer/PC games. I'll search for the property "platform".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. platform, also known as computing platform, runtime, published on, platforms, hardware (wd:P400 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): platform for which a work was developed or released, or the specific platform version of a software product
2. number of platform faces, also known as number of platforms, platform faces, platforms (wd:P5595 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): number of continuous platform edges facing a track or vehicle gu...latform numbers). See property talk page for illustrated samples
3. operating system, also known as OS, supported operating system, supported OS, supported platform (wd:P306 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): operating system (OS) on which a software works or the OS installed on hardware
4. industry, also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector (wd:P452 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): specific industry of company or organization, part of
5. area, also known as total area, surface area, surface, size, resolution (wd:P2046 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): area occupied by an object
6. number of reblogs, also known as shares, share count, RTs, RT count, retweets (wd:P10756 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): number of reblogs, reposts, retweets, crossposts, or on-platform shares received on a social media post
7. expression, gesture or body pose, also known as action, expression, facial expression, gesture, movement (wd:P6022 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): qualifier on "depicts" (P180) for human position of an individual in an artwork
8. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
9. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): position or specialism of a player on a team
10. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment

[Assistant]
The property for "platform" is wdt:P400.

Now, I need to identify the entity for "computer" or "PC" as a platform. I'll search for "computer" and "PC" as possible platform entities. Let's start with "computer".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. computer, also known as computers, general-purpose computer (wd:Q68): general-purpose device for performing arithmetic or logical operations
2. human computer, also known as computer, reckoner (wd:Q11202952): historical occupation
3. Computer (wd:Q5157408): IEEE Computer Society practitioner-oriented magazine
4. .computer (wd:Q16048336): top-level domain
5. 💻, also known as PERSONAL COMPUTER, U+1F4BB (wd:Q87577771): Unicode character
6. Computer (wd:Q93645354)
7. Computer, also known as The Computer (Courage the Cowardly Dog), The Computer, Computer (Courage the Cowardly Dog) (wd:Q116695644): fictional computer from Courage the Cowardly Dog
8. Computer (wd:Q62619490)
9. Computer (wd:Q62619488)
10. Computer (wd:Q47511479): painting by Boris Artzybasheff

[Tool] No entity items found

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. personal computer, also known as PC (wd:Q16338): computer intended for use by an individual person
2. 💻, also known as PERSONAL COMPUTER, U+1F4BB (wd:Q87577771): Unicode character
3. personal computer (wd:L746028-S1)
4. personal computer (wd:L642687-F1)
5. personal computer (wd:L642687)
6. laptop, also known as Laptop, notebook personal computer, notebook PC, notebook computer, laptop PC (wd:Q3962): personal computer that is foldable and portable
7. desktop computer, also known as desktop personal computer, desktops (wd:Q56155): personal computer in a form intended for regular use at a single location desk/table
8. IBM Personal Computer, also known as IBM 5150, IBM PC, IBM-PC, IBM PC Model 5150, IBM Personal Computer Model 5150 (wd:Q202712): personal computer model released in 1981
9. PC game, also known as computer game, personal computer game (wd:Q4485157): video game played on a PC, rather than on a console or an arcade machine
10. Amstrad CPC, also known as CPC, Colour Personal Computer (wd:Q478829): series of home computers produced by Amstrad

[Assistant]
The most relevant entities for platform are:
- personal computer (wd:Q16338)
- desktop computer (wd:Q56155)
- laptop (wd:Q3962)

However, for video games, "PC game" (wd:Q4485157) is also relevant, but it refers to the game itself, not the platform.

To ensure we capture games for computers, I'll use "personal computer" (wd:Q16338) as the platform.

Now, I need to combine:
- Items that are video games (instance of: video game)
- Genre: action-adventure game (wd:Q343568)
- Platform: personal computer (wd:Q16338)

I'll search for the property "instance of" to confirm its property ID.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
2. Wikidata property example, also known as e.g., Wikidata property sample, property sample, property example, for example (wd:P1855 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): example where this Wikidata property is used; target item is one...ualifier the property being described given the associated value
3. quantity, also known as amount, total number, total, qty, occurrences (wd:P1114 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): number of instances of this subject in the universe of the subje...e actual number of instances in Wikidata may be lower or higher)
4. subproperty of, also known as subclass of property, superproperty, subPropertyOf, rdfs:subPropertyOf, parent property (wd:P1647 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): all resources related by this property are also related by that property, related property
5. partially coincident with, also known as intersecting with, has overlap with, has common parts with, has common members with, has common instances with (wd:P1382 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): object that partially overlaps with the subject in its instances, parts, or members, different from
6. model item, also known as specimen, sample, featured item, example item, best example (wd:P5869 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): defines which item is a best practice example of modelling a sub...lue of this property, usage instructions at Wikidata:Model items
7. permanent duplicated item, also known as same concept as, same as, duplicate of, permanently duplicated item, duplicate of item (wd:P2959 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): this item duplicates another item and the two can't be merged, a... cdowiki, gomwiki, nanwiki).  Use P31=Q17362920 for other wikis.
8. exemplar of, also known as contains work, includes work, contents (wd:P1574 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): Links an individual copy of a work to the item for that work or edition, instance of
9. usage example, also known as sentence, use in a sentence, example sentence (wd:P5831 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): example of how a lexeme (sense) might be used
10. fictional or mythical analog of, also known as fictionalisation of, mythical analog of, fictional version of, fictionalization of, fictional analog of (wd:P1074 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): used to link an entity or class of entities appearing in a creat...with the analogous entity or class of entities in the real world, inspired by

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. video game, also known as computer game, computer games, vg, videogame, videogames (wd:Q7889): electronic game with user interface and visual feedback
2. video game (wd:Q56312618): electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface ...edback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor
3. 🎮, also known as U+1F3AE, VIDEO GAME (wd:Q87577146): Unicode character which may be used to communicate 'game'
4. Video Game (wd:Q105393890): 2021 single by Sufjan Stevens
5. VIDEO GAME (wd:Q126697592): 2018 video game
6. Gulf War, also known as Video Game War, Persian Gulf War, Operation Desert Storm, Kuwait War, Gulf War I (wd:Q37643): 1990–1991 conflict between Iraq and a 42-country coalition
7. video game console, also known as video-game console, Video game console, gaming console, games console, game console (wd:Q8076): interactive entertainment computer or customized computer system for running video games
8. first-person shooter, also known as FPS video game, FPS game, FPS, fps, first-person shooter video game (wd:Q185029): video game genre centered around gun and other weapon-based combat in a first-person perspective
9. game engine, also known as video game engine (wd:Q193564): system designed for the creation and development of video games
10. multiplayer video game, also known as multiplayer, multiplayer computer game, multiplayer game, multiplayer mode (wd:Q6895044): video game where multiple players can play together

[Assistant]
The entity for "video game" is wd:Q7889.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query that finds all items that are:
- instance of video game (wd:Q7889)
- genre action-adventure game (wd:Q343568)
- platform personal computer (wd:Q16338)

I will also include the game's label as an optional field for readability.

Here is the SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?game ?gameLabel WHERE {
  ?game wdt:P31 wd:Q7889;
        wdt:P136 wd:Q343568;
        wdt:P400 wd:Q16338.
  OPTIONAL { ?game rdfs:label ?gameLabel. FILTER(LANG(?gameLabel) = "en") }
}
```

Now, I will provide this as the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves all items that are instances of video games (wd:Q7889), have the genre action-adventure game (wd:Q343568), and are available on the personal computer platform (wd:Q16338). It also optionally retrieves English labels for these games. The query returns the IRIs as required and follows all the rules specified. The answer and explanation are accurate and complete for the user's question.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?position ?positionLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q5229020 wdt:P413 ?position .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?position rdfs:label ?positionLabel FILTER ( lang( ?positionLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Dave Huppert played as a catcher (wd:Q1050571).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what position does dave huppert play

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Dave Huppert" (a person, likely an athlete).
2. The property is "position played" (in sports, especially baseball).

First, I will search for the entity "Dave Huppert" in Wikidata to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Dave Huppert (wd:Q5229020): American baseball player and coach, baseball player
2. Dave (wd:Q539658): 1993 film directed by Ivan Reitman
3. David, also known as Dave (wd:Q18057751): male given name
4. Dave Dave, also known as David Rothenberg, David Jordan Robinson, David Charles Rothenberg (wd:Q56129924): American artist and burn survivor (1976-2018), record producer, artist, rapper, actor
5. Dave Sheridan, also known as Dave, Sheridan, David Christopher Sheridan, David Christopher "Dave" Sheridan (wd:Q936507): television actor, American actor, screenwriter, film actor, musician
6. Nakajima E8N, also known as Dave, E8N (wd:Q704850): Japanese reconnaissance aircraft
7. Dave, also known as David Orobosa Michael Omoregie (wd:Q27909736): British rapper, film actor, rapper, singer
8. Dave, also known as Wouter Levenbach, Dave Levenbach (wd:Q377104): Dutch pop/chanson singer and musician, radio personality, singer
9. Dave, also known as Dave, Belgium, Dåve (wd:Q2217505): section of Namur, Wallonia, Belgium
10. Dave (wd:Q2992766): episode of Lost (S2 E18)

[Assistant]
The top result for "Dave Huppert" is wd:Q5229020, who is an American baseball player and coach.

Next, I will search for the property related to "position played" to find the correct property to use in the SPARQL query.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): position or specialism of a player on a team
2. participant, also known as suspect, player, party, participants, has participant (wd:P710 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): person, group of people or organization (object) that actively t...ct has role" (P3831). Use P1923 for participants that are teams., significant person
3. member of sports team, also known as plays for, played for, sport team, team, team played for (wd:P54 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented, member of
4. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses
5. expression, gesture or body pose, also known as action, expression, facial expression, gesture, movement (wd:P6022 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): qualifier on "depicts" (P180) for human position of an individual in an artwork
6. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
7. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
8. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
9. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): persons who hold and/or held the position
10. maximum number of players, also known as maximum players, max players, number of players, maximum, players max, players, maximum number (wd:P1873 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): maximum numbers of players of a game

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for "position played" is wd:P413 ("position played on team / speciality").

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the position(s) Dave Huppert played, using his entity ID (wd:Q5229020) and the property wd:P413.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| position              | positionLabel |
| --------------------- | ------------- |
| catcher (wd:Q1050571) | catcher (en)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the position played by Dave Huppert by querying the 'position played on team' property (wdt:P413). However, the query only returns the identifier (IRI) of the position and does not provide a human-readable label. While labels are optional, including them in an OPTIONAL clause would improve the answer's clarity and completeness for users who may not recognize the IRI. Suggestion: Add an OPTIONAL clause to retrieve the rdfs:label of the position, e.g., OPTIONAL { ?position rdfs:label ?positionLabel FILTER (lang(?positionLabel) = 'en') }.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the position played by Dave Huppert using the appropriate property (wdt:P413) and returns the IRI of the position as required. The answer is accurate and complete, and the query follows all specified rules. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?composer WHERE {
  wd:Q1025916 wdt:P86 ?composer
}

The composers of the song 'Paparazzi' (Lady Gaga song) are Lady Gaga (wd:Q19848) and Rob Fusari (wd:Q796594).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who composed the song paparazzi (lady gaga song)

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the composer of the song "Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)".
2. First, I need to identify the correct Wikidata entity for "Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)".
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a song to its composer.
4. Finally, I will write a SPARQL query to retrieve the composer(s) of this song.

Let's start by searching for the entity "Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Alice (Lady Gaga song) (wd:Q97496681): 2020 song by Lady Gaga
2. Garden of Eden (Lady Gaga song) (wd:Q133163858): 2025 song by Lady Gaga
3. Lady Gaga, also known as Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, Stefani Germanotta (wd:Q19848): American singer, songwriter, and actress (born 1986), songwriter, singer
4. Lady Gaga, also known as Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop, Lady Gaga: Behind the Fame (wd:Q1024256): book
5. Xuanwen Jun, also known as Lady of Literary Propagation, Lady Xuanwen, Lady Song (wd:Q97349319): 4th century Confucian academician
6. Lady Song, also known as Song Sangchim (wd:Q11039371): concubine to King Sejong (1396 – 1463)
7. Lady Gaga (wd:Q120885780): 2023 single by Peso Pluma, Junior H and Gabito Ballesteros
8. Lady Gaga (wd:Q22965488): show-winning Holstein Friesian cow
9. Lady Song (wd:Q8255114)
10. Lady Gaga, also known as Saturday Night Live S39E6, Saturday Night Live, season 39 episode 6 (wd:Q110037418): episode of Saturday Night Live (S39 E6)

[Assistant]
It appears that the exact entity for "Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)" did not show up in the top results. However, the search may not have matched the exact title.

To proceed, I will try searching just for "Paparazzi" to see if the song entity appears.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. paparazzi, also known as paparazza, paparazzis, paparazzo (wd:Q156624): profession
2. Paparazzi (wd:Q1025916): 2009 song by Lady Gaga
3. Paparazzi (wd:Q77009): 2004 film by Paul Abascal
4. Koto, also known as Rygar, X Minus One, Tiranic Trance, The Manipulator, The Falcon (wd:Q1785406): Italian synthpop group
5. Paparazzi (wd:Q707175): single by Girls' Generation
6. Paparazzi (wd:Q767277): 1998 film by Alain Berbérian
7. Paparazzo, also known as Paparazzi (wd:Q3894688): 1998 film by Neri Parenti
8. Paparazzi (wd:Q3362763): 1963 film by Jacques Rozier
9. Paparazzi (wd:Q7132497): Xzibit song
10. Michiel van der Kuy, also known as The Falcon, Paparazzi, Rygar, L.A. Style, Sir Cuss (wd:Q1931248): Dutch electronic music producer, record producer, musician

[Assistant]
The entity "Paparazzi (wd:Q1025916)" is described as a 2009 song by Lady Gaga, which matches the song in question.

Next, I need to find the property that links a song to its composer. I will search for properties related to "composer".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator
2. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
3. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): author of song lyrics, author
4. composers.am person ID (wd:P9628 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier for a person in the  site of Composers Union of Armenia
5. music created for, also known as music for, music for work, music made for, music made for work, music written for (wd:P9899 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): a work, event, etc. for which a musical composition was created ... was written; a film for which motion picture music was created), created for
6. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
7. Musicsperlacobla composer ID (wd:P11203 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): composer identifier used by musicsperlacobla archive
8. orchestrator, also known as arranged for orchestra by, orchestral arrangement by, orchestral arranger, orchestration by, orchestrations by (wd:P10806 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): person or body responsible for arranging a musical composition for orchestra, adapted by
9. Musicalics composer ID (wd:P6925 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): identifier for a composer in the Musicalics database
10. CompositionToday composer ID, also known as Composition Today composer ID (wd:P8688 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): composer ID on the website CompositionToday

[Assistant]
The property "composer" (wdt:P86) is the correct property to use for finding the composer of a song.

Now, I will write a SPARQL query to retrieve the composer(s) of "Paparazzi" (wd:Q1025916) using the composer property (wdt:P86). I will also optionally retrieve the label of the composer for clarity.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| composer                | composerLabel   |
| ----------------------- | --------------- |
| Lady Gaga (wd:Q19848)   | Lady Gaga (en)  |
| Rob Fusari (wd:Q796594) | Rob Fusari (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the composers of the song 'Paparazzi' (Lady Gaga song) using the appropriate entity (wd:Q1025916) and property (wdt:P86 for composer). The answer matches the expected result, and the query returns the actual IRIs of the composers as required. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?gender ?genderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q4805185 wdt:P21 ?gender .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?gender rdfs:label ?genderLabel FILTER ( lang( ?genderLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Ashkan Sahihi's gender is male (wd:Q6581097).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is ashkan sahihi's gender

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "ashkan sahihi". I need to find the corresponding Wikidata entity.
2. The property is "gender". I need to find the appropriate property for gender in Wikidata.
3. I will then construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the gender of Ashkan Sahihi.

First, I will search for the entity "ashkan sahihi" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Ashkan Sahihi (wd:Q4805185): American photographer, photographer
2. Ashkan (wd:Q4805182): village in Hormozgan, Iran
3. Ashkan (wd:Q125819633): Iranian male given name
4. Ashkan Ashkani (wd:Q42415568): Iranian cinematographer, cinematographer
5. Ashkan Dejagah (wd:Q434136): association football player, Iranian footballer
6. Ashkan Namdari (wd:Q4805183): association football player, Iranian footballer
7. Tang Ashkan (wd:Q5781402): village in Iran
8. Ashkan Khatibi (wd:Q5949316): Iranian actor and singer, presenter, singer, actor
9. Ashkan Kooshanejad, also known as Ashkan Koushanejad, Ash Koosha, Ashkan Koshanejad (wd:Q4805184): Iranian musician, songwriter, musician, singer, actor
10. Ashkan Mokhtarian, also known as The Assassin (wd:Q29834229): mixed martial arts fighter, Australian MMA fighter

[Assistant]
The most likely match for "ashkan sahihi" is "Ashkan Sahihi" (wd:Q4805185), who is an American photographer.

Next, I need to find the property for "gender" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. grammatical gender, also known as gender (wd:P5185 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): grammatical gender of the word
2. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
3. requires grammatical feature, also known as grammatical feature required, required grammatical feature, requires case, requires mood, uses case (wd:P5713 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): grammatical features required or generally used with lexeme or form of lexeme
4. has grammatical gender, also known as grammatical genders, has genders (wd:P5109 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): specific form of noun class system of a language. Use qualifier ... subject of" (P805) to link to language specific item if present
5. personal pronoun, also known as gender pronoun, personal gender pronoun, personal pronouns, PGP, PGPs (wd:P6553 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): personal pronoun(s) this person goes by
6. semantic gender, also known as natural gender (wd:P10339 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): used when a word is only used to refer to people of this gender or to animals of this sex, independent of the grammatical gender
7. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
8. gender educated (wd:P7419 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): genders educated at this educational institution
9. male form of label, also known as male form of label (string), male gender sense, masculine form of label (wd:P3321 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): male form of name or title (for female use P2521)
10. given name version for other gender, also known as personal name version for other gender, other genders given name, male version of this female given name, gender inflection of given name, female version of this male given name (wd:P1560 as psv/p/wdtn/prv/psn/wdt/pq/ps/prn/pqn/pqv/pr): equivalent name (with respect to the meaning of the name) in the...n of a female first name. Add primarily the closest matching one

[Assistant]
The correct property for a person's gender is "sex or gender" (wd:P21).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the gender of Ashkan Sahihi (wd:Q4805185) using the property "sex or gender" (wd:P21). I will also try to retrieve the label of the gender for clarity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| gender             | genderLabel |
| ------------------ | ----------- |
| male (wd:Q6581097) | male (en)   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the gender of Ashkan Sahihi by returning the IRI of the gender entity. However, the query only returns the IRI (wd:Q6581097) and not a human-readable label. While labels are optional, it is generally helpful to include them for clarity, especially since the answer provided is in natural language. To improve the query, consider adding an OPTIONAL clause to retrieve the rdfs:label for the gender entity. This will make the result more informative and user-friendly.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the gender of Ashkan Sahihi by querying the 'sex or gender' (wdt:P21) property for the entity wd:Q4805185. The query also optionally retrieves the English label for the gender. The answer provided matches the query result and the requirements. No further refinement is needed.