PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?settlement ?officialNameStatement ?name ?lang ?start ?point ?end WHERE {
  ?settlement wdt:P31 wd:Q486972 .
  ?settlement p:P1448 ?officialNameStatement .
  ?officialNameStatement ps:P1448 ?name .
  BIND( LANG( ?name ) AS ?lang ) OPTIONAL {
    ?officialNameStatement pq:P580 ?start .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?officialNameStatement pq:P585 ?point .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?officialNameStatement pq:P582 ?end .
  }
  {
    SELECT ?settlement WHERE {
      ?settlement wdt:P31 wd:Q486972 .
      ?settlement p:P1448 ?officialNameStatement .
    }
    GROUP BY ?settlement
    HAVING ( COUNT( ?officialNameStatement ) > 3 )
  }
}
LIMIT 200

This query returns human settlements that have changed their official name more than three times. For each name, it includes the settlement's IRI, the name, the language tag (extracted from the literal), start time, point in time, and end time if available.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which human settlements have changed their official name more than three times? For each result, please include the settlement's name, language tag, start time (if available), point in time (if available), and end time (if available).

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find human settlements (likely instances of Q486972).
2. We are looking for those that have changed their official name more than three times.
3. The property for "official name" is likely used with qualifiers for start time, end time, point in time, and language tag.
4. For each result, we need the settlement's IRI, the name (with language tag), and the qualifiers: start time, point in time, and end time.

First, let's confirm the entity for "human settlement" and the property for "official name".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. human settlement, also known as human settlements, inhabited place, settlement, settlements (wd:Q486972): place of any size, in which people permanently live
2. Kwande, also known as Human settlement (wd:Q6450151): LGA in Benue State, Nigeria
3. human settlement (wd:L457328-S1)
4. human settlement (wd:L457329-S1)
5. human settlement (wd:L457330-S1)
6. human settlement (wd:L457332-S1)
7. human settlement (wd:L457333-S1)
8. human settlement (wd:L457334-S1)
9. human settlement (wd:L457339-S1)
10. human settlement (wd:L457346-S1)

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
2. official name, also known as long title, name, official title, registered name, full title (wd:P1448 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): official name of the subject in its official language(s), name
3. officialized by, also known as made official by, officialised by (wd:P5194 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): the item which officialized this lexeme
4. short name, also known as short title, shortname, abbreviation, shortened name, initialism (wd:P1813 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): short name of a place, organisation, person, journal, wikidata property, etc. Used by some Wikipedia templates., name
5. official symbol, also known as symbol, state tartan, official tartan, floral emblem, official emblem (wd:P2238 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): official symbol of an organisation
6. nickname, also known as informal name, moniker, other name, othername, other_names (wd:P1449 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): informal name (for a pseudonym use P742), name
7. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
8. anthem, also known as national anthem, team anthem, official song, official hymn, club anthem (wd:P85 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): subject's official anthem
9. courtesy name, also known as courtesy name, style name, zi (wd:P1782 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): name bestowed upon a person at adulthood in addition to one's given name, mostly in East Asia, name
10. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. OpenStreetMap tag or key, also known as tag, OSM wiki tag or key, OpenStreetMap relation role, OSM tag or key, OSM tag (wd:P1282 as p/wdt): OpenStreetMap tagging schema (a Key:key, Tag:key=value, Relation:type, or Role:role) for classes, properties, and values
2. property proposal discussion, also known as proposal, Wikidata property proposal, proposal URL, property discussion URL, property discussion (wd:P3254 as p/wdt): URL of the page (or page section) on which the creation of the property was discussed, Wikimedia community discussion URL
3. Wikidata property example, also known as e.g., Wikidata property sample, property sample, property example, for example (wd:P1855 as p/wdt): example where this Wikidata property is used; target item is one...ualifier the property being described given the associated value
4. Wikidata item of this property, also known as associated item, Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property (wd:P1629 as p/wdt): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
5. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. related property, also known as rdfs:seeAlso, related properties, see also, seealso (wd:P1659 as p/wdt): used to indicate another property that might provide additional information about the subject

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
2. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
3. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
4. earliest date, also known as no earlier than, terminus post quem, start date (earliest), on or after this date, minimum date (wd:P1319 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): earliest date at which an event could have happened. Use as qualifier for other date properties
5. UTC date of spacecraft launch, also known as time of spacecraft launch, spacecraft launch time, spacecraft launch date, launch time, launch date (wd:P619 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): date of spacecraft launch in UTC
6. refine date, also known as date refinement, exact time, hour, local time, quarter (wd:P4241 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): qualifier to narrow down the precision of a date not fully specified by the Wikidata time datatype precision field
7. point in time, also known as at time, as of, year, when, time of event (wd:P585 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)
8. genomic start, also known as start coordinate, genomic from, Genloc From, from, Genloc Start (wd:P644 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): genomic starting coordinate of the biological sequence (e.g. a gene)
9. start point, also known as start location, launch pad, launch site, starting place, starting point (wd:P1427 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): starting place of this journey, flight, voyage, trek, migration etc., source of transfer, location
10. opening time, also known as hour opens, opens at, opening hour, open hour (wd:P8626 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): time when an establishment or attraction opens, qualifier for P3025

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time
2. end period, also known as until period (wd:P3416 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): last period in which the statement is still valid (including the period-value)
3. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
4. work period (end), also known as floruit end, floruit (end of work), flourished (end), retirement, work ends (wd:P2032 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): end of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, end time, floruit
5. destination of transfer, also known as recipient, to, target, receiver, end point (wd:P12694 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): entity that a transferred item comes to be associated with as a result of this process
6. terminus, also known as end point, terminating connection, termini, terminuses, trailhead (wd:P559 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): the feature (intersecting road, train station, etc.) at the end of a linear feature
7. dissolved, abolished or demolished date, also known as ended, publication end date, final issue, date repealed, final year (wd:P576 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): point in time at which the subject (organisation, building) ceas...g equipment,  "discontinued date" (P2669) for stopping a product, end time
8. end cause, also known as cause of ending, ended by, end has cause, end reason, reason for end (wd:P1534 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): qualifier used together with the end date qualifier (P582) to specify the reason for the end
9. point in time, also known as at time, as of, year, when, time of event (wd:P585 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)
10. last line, also known as closing line, ending, excipit, final line, final sentence (wd:P3132 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): last line (excipit) of a poem, last sentence of a novel, etc.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
2. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
3. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
4. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used
5. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
6. language style, also known as manner, term register, obsolete, register, sense register (wd:P6191 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
7. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
8. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
9. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
10. variety of lexeme, form or sense, also known as dialect, used in dialect, variety of form (wd:P7481 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): dialect, graphic or phonetic variety that this lexeme, form or sense is used in

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                     | property                  | object                              |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Ivory Coast (wd:Q1008)      | official name (wdt:P1448) | Côte d'Ivoire (fr)                  |
| The Gambia (wd:Q1005)       | official name (wdt:P1448) | Islamic Republic of The Gambia (en) |
| Guinea (wd:Q1006)           | official name (wdt:P1448) | Guinée (fr)                         |
| Guinea-Bissau (wd:Q1007)    | official name (wdt:P1448) | Guinea-Bissau (it)                  |
| Gabon (wd:Q1000)            | official name (wdt:P1448) | Gabon (fr)                          |
| Boston (wd:Q100)            | official name (wdt:P1448) | Boston (en)                         |
| Cluj-Napoca (wd:Q100188)    | official name (wdt:P1448) | Cluj-Napoca (ro)                    |
| Dutch Wikipedia (wd:Q10000) | official name (wdt:P1448) | Nederlandstalige Wikipedia (nl)     |
| Deventer (wd:Q10001)        | official name (wdt:P1448) | Deventer (nl)                       |
| Maranello (wd:Q100060)      | official name (wdt:P1448) | Maranello (it)                      |
| ...                         | ...                       | ...                                 |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                     | property                | object                                         |
| --------------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Ivory Coast (wd:Q1008)      | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q1008-1f6ce1da-492f-3c07-ffcb-13553afb8def   |
| The Gambia (wd:Q1005)       | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q1005-64ffc286-4b4a-307b-4c39-2cdc81a7ef05   |
| Guinea (wd:Q1006)           | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q1006-1E08B61A-91FB-445E-8167-D31725559F17   |
| Guinea-Bissau (wd:Q1007)    | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q1007-2b74791c-4481-8914-82f2-cfcbd2e5ad23   |
| Gabon (wd:Q1000)            | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q1000-8620C611-C566-4C1F-99BC-8A7F553B5A25   |
| Boston (wd:Q100)            | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q100-aa132cc9-42eb-0627-0ff8-9dba9d616b15    |
| Cluj-Napoca (wd:Q100188)    | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q100188-2d7ff5ae-499c-a401-524f-23bb7cb5d9a9 |
| Dutch Wikipedia (wd:Q10000) | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q10000-bb51e1e5-43d5-e313-bda8-41f2d46a2714  |
| Deventer (wd:Q10001)        | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q10001-0425ad14-4bed-873a-68e3-ed03ae603dfa  |
| Maranello (wd:Q100060)      | official name (p:P1448) | s:Q100060-34c86ac2-4736-67aa-2f0a-d01a0358c010 |
| ...                         | ...                     | ...                                            |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                           | property                 | object                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| s:P6944-87f2789f-4b58-7228-0fbc-e76e764c457f      | official name (ps:P1448) | Bloodhound ID (en)                                       |
| s:P6944-c9aaff75-4b5e-541a-c677-3a74db59c8ba      | official name (ps:P1448) | Bionomia ID (en)                                         |
| s:P7468-1ccad2ca-488a-3709-32c1-98b6b6284000      | official name (ps:P1448) | 醫事機構代碼 (zh-tw)                                           |
| s:P7468-3213a164-43be-deb3-19cb-676dec85a968      | official name (ps:P1448) | 醫療機構代碼 (zh-tw)                                           |
| s:P7749-76D76A22-4E4D-4E22-8561-44AB5ED469F7      | official name (ps:P1448) | Nomenclature pour le catalogage des objets de musée (fr) |
| s:P7749-91a55563-44ef-d935-8646-fbc4fb2563f7      | official name (ps:P1448) | Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging (en)                  |
| s:P9049-25179236-4518-1b3c-5c5b-446dcf9f269f      | official name (ps:P1448) | Catalogo generale dei Beni Culturali (it)                |
| s:Q100000001-25c8bdf8-4462-3e3e-17cc-454cc046861e | official name (ps:P1448) | Franklin Early Childhood School (en)                     |
| s:Q100000001-420ee3e4-4dd1-9c87-5433-680181c9a646 | official name (ps:P1448) | Franklin School (en)                                     |
| s:Q1000003-82E1804C-D32A-427D-9D98-69308907B900   | official name (ps:P1448) | Nielles-lès-Bléquin (fr)                                 |
| ...                                               | ...                      | ...                                                      |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                         | property             | object                              |
| ----------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| s:L1329984-90142c5c-4d2c-05c9-ab13-36b3546bcf30 | start time (pq:P580) | 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L29757-1d5ab7d2-4b5b-9bf2-3ed2-ac440d48b279   | start time (pq:P580) | 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L345780-b57766aa-4b17-2f84-cff1-8c04396ac318  | start time (pq:P580) | 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L346821-db1c2236-4a80-5d7a-b525-5311711dd923  | start time (pq:P580) | 2022-09-09T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L560942-d6799848-495c-551c-18a2-6fe94f459e89  | start time (pq:P580) | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L641180-1b441c14-493a-0ec8-ca00-3001f1dd6804  | start time (pq:P580) | 2022-01-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L939950-0ba3b1c0-4cc0-2074-d344-735c26d16b78  | start time (pq:P580) | 2023-01-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P1000-5f3bd768-4af5-cae2-49c4-f6560ae01a0f    | start time (pq:P580) | 2014-02-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P1000-a2dfd2aa-4b96-47af-c5c9-6cf6885260ce    | start time (pq:P580) | 1929-09-12T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P1017-7899e803-4073-aa95-10dd-289977f8a8d0    | start time (pq:P580) | 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                             | ...                  | ...                                 |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                           | property           | object                              |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| s:L31261-F1-50922a39-40ba-b463-e50b-816edd4abba0  | end time (pq:P582) | 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L849677-S2-39bd035e-4767-56fa-4118-4c759a9c6448 | end time (pq:P582) | 1942-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P1017-4c56e6bb-4e3c-29b2-30f1-917b1e8edcf1      | end time (pq:P582) | 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P10507-43ba03f5-489d-ac3a-28d4-f97e7754e97d     | end time (pq:P582) | 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P108-a7abdcf9-4509-71e8-6d61-a722182113d9       | end time (pq:P582) | 2024-10-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P1113-f62d27d3-4221-5283-7532-ff8976e44002      | end time (pq:P582) | 2009-09-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P11330-1FCB6545-EE47-4208-B18B-40FEBDAD97F1     | end time (pq:P582) | 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P12168-717086E3-B01F-441E-B6E5-75575696DEE7     | end time (pq:P582) | 2004-12-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P12168-BF57262F-2C28-42F5-87C9-71A1D471DCA6     | end time (pq:P582) | 2006-05-20T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:P12408-e91b06a2-49fb-4d59-6143-c0bdd73aa945     | end time (pq:P582) | 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                               | ...                | ...                                 |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                         | property                | object                              |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| s:L1001895-c4a16b6f-4a7c-974c-3abd-376ece81edfb | point in time (pq:P585) | 2023-09-07T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1003898-8e8a6772-461a-6c4b-d5a4-f5b6f42358d3 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2024-08-02T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1006394-bc0eb96a-4c0f-9363-4453-77062c39c498 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2025-01-04T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1007058-44797370-42bd-9083-fcc4-dc2fa42017c4 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1011418-525c6808-4c83-0b81-923f-7311d79fa5f9 | point in time (pq:P585) | 1900-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1011441-776c2c8a-42e6-ea66-95e0-226df3322b59 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2023-02-02T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1012744-6bb047fb-4341-e6fd-eb5a-fb669f9dbcac | point in time (pq:P585) | 1600-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1016914-b69e1e80-4313-7306-346f-3ae2243f6281 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2023-09-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1018273-910e54b5-4dc0-dc0d-2dcb-45d33fc7c365 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2023-02-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:L1018302-0A585CBC-BC7A-4257-9B00-3E159D6E1832 | point in time (pq:P585) | 2024-02-11T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                             | ...                     | ...                                 |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                           | property                           | object              |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------- |
| s:P6858-dabf2f21-45f3-8d5d-029f-de592e2bac5e      | language of work or name (pq:P407) | France (wd:Q142)    |
| s:L1001505-893d55f1-4a20-84ff-dbf1-a6dede869348   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | English (wd:Q1860)  |
| s:L579665-a58c9c63-4979-cb5b-827c-f9935283264e    | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Indonesia (wd:Q252) |
| s:L1116902-a88273af-42b6-1cfb-6766-726e3cc56e7b   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | German (wd:Q188)    |
| s:L1046138-59263f2d-48c8-9a51-815b-848a82cb9bb1   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Spanish (wd:Q1321)  |
| s:L1079281-62a83532-41d4-6c1f-2e5d-5896c04890c8   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | French (wd:Q150)    |
| s:L112476-F1-A3676038-70E0-43B5-B097-24CDB1F33B2A | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Russian (wd:Q7737)  |
| s:L1187861-98c067c6-4140-6685-843a-c04b263bc4d3   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Arabic (wd:Q13955)  |
| s:P10934-C7AEFF87-408F-4770-AA72-C27426E91C06     | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Latin (wd:Q397)     |
| s:L1169398-105cba80-4dff-49ca-7250-e7fb680fb216   | language of work or name (pq:P407) | Italian (wd:Q652)   |
| ...                                               | ...                                | ...                 |

[Tool]
Got 50 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| settlement                    | nameChangeCount |
| ----------------------------- | --------------- |
| Szczawno-Zdrój (wd:Q1001231)  | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| Wąsosz (wd:Q1006065)          | 6 (xsd:int)     |
| Baksan (wd:Q104538)           | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| Berdsk (wd:Q104991)           | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| Getashen (wd:Q1144653)        | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| ...                           | ...             |
| Bəylik (wd:Q4540582)          | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| Çalxanqala (wd:Q4739286)      | 4 (xsd:int)     |
| Garadagh region (wd:Q4818249) | 10 (xsd:int)    |
| Türkmenbaşy (wd:Q488987)      | 9 (xsd:int)     |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)         | 6 (xsd:int)     |

[Tool]
Got 55 rows and 7 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| settlement                   | officialNameStatement                           | name                | lang | start                               | point | end                                 |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ---- | ----------------------------------- | ----- | ----------------------------------- |
| Szczawno-Zdrój (wd:Q1001231) | s:Q1001231-340765b4-4ca4-6866-9791-808e654136e0 | Бад-Зальцбрун (be)  |      | 1935-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       | 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Szczawno-Zdrój (wd:Q1001231) | s:Q1001231-68786dd0-40b1-8d9f-d169-722d299c8fa7 | Обер-Зальцбрун (be) |      |                                     |       | 1935-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Szczawno-Zdrój (wd:Q1001231) | s:Q1001231-e429ed3c-402b-b9d0-dd50-230b09e19457 | Саліцы-Здруй (be)   |      | 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       | 1946-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Szczawno-Zdrój (wd:Q1001231) | s:Q1001231-e911a16d-4c4b-2c64-e321-2bd2a82bfd86 | Обер Залцбрун (bg)  |      |                                     |       | 1935-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Wąsosz (wd:Q1006065)         | s:Q1006065-36af1910-44d6-1d43-21eb-04612cca0e67 | Вонсош (ru)         |      | 1924-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       |                                     |
| ...                          | ...                                             | ...                 | ...  | ...                                 | ...   | ...                                 |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)        | s:Q5011649-49bde7ef-4acd-fa26-7fd3-2267aa5a9a3c | Энгельскенд (ru)    |      | 1942-06-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       | 1992-12-29T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)        | s:Q5011649-4f58ab84-44b4-c481-9719-2b0a037bd0e4 | Engelskənd (az)     |      | 1942-06-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       | 1992-12-29T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)        | s:Q5011649-56942090-4f43-39e8-f6b2-92db7840b0a2 | Eygenfeld (az)      |      |                                     |       | 1942-06-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)        | s:Q5011649-9188e00f-4efd-161c-47ef-66d5be3d45c3 | İrmaşlı (az)        |      | 1992-12-29T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |       |                                     |
| İrmaşlı (wd:Q5011649)        | s:Q5011649-d3b05f80-41ec-44d6-4e4d-d2c3c988c5f5 | Эйгенфельд (ru)     |      |                                     |       | 1942-06-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is mostly correct and returns the required information, but there is a small issue with the way the language tag is handled. The variable ?lang is being populated from the 'language of work or name' qualifier (P407), which is not always present and does not directly provide the language tag (e.g., 'en', 'ru'). Instead, the language tag should be extracted from the literal value of ?name if available (e.g., via LANG(?name)). Additionally, the query currently returns the language entity IRI (if present), which is not what the user requested. To improve the answer, replace the OPTIONAL clause for ?lang with BIND(LANG(?name) AS ?lang), which will always provide the language tag if the name literal has one. Otherwise, the query structure and logic are correct and complete.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies human settlements that have changed their official name more than three times, as requested. It returns the settlement's IRI, each official name, the language tag, and includes start time, point in time, and end time if available, all in accordance with the user's requirements. The query also avoids non-standard constructs and returns IRIs as required. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?item ?url WHERE {
  ?item wdt:P856 ?url .
  FILTER ( STRSTARTS( STR( ?url ) , "https://www.artfilm.ch" ) )
}
LIMIT 20

Wikidata does not contain any audiovisual works (including films) with an official website starting with 'https://www.artfilm.ch'. The only entity with such a URL is the website artfilm.ch itself. Therefore, it is not possible to answer the question as posed using the current data in Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which French audiovisual works have a URL starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch"? Include their directors, and the family names of the directors, ordered by the family names.

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find French audiovisual works.
2. These works must have a URL that starts with "https://www.artfilm.ch".
3. For each work, we need to include its directors and the family names of the directors.
4. The results should be ordered by the directors' family names.

Step 1: Identify entities and properties.
- "French audiovisual works": We need to find the class for "audiovisual work" and a way to filter for French works (likely by country or language).
- "URL starting with ...": The property for "official website" or "URL".
- "Director": The property for director.
- "Family name": The property for family name of a person.

Let's search for these properties and entities.

First, search for "audiovisual work".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. audiovisual work, also known as audial visual works, works (audiovisual), works (audio-visual), works (audio visual), work (audiovisual) (wd:Q2431196): creative work possessing both a sound and a visual component
2. audiovisual work (wd:Q114797752): legal concept defining a type of copyrightable work
3. lost audiovisual work (wd:Q131872580): audiovisual work produced some time in the past of which no surviving copies are known to exist
4. audiovisual release, also known as release of audiovisual work (wd:Q115668795)
5. ClassInd audiovisual work ID (wd:P8958): identifier of an audiovisual work in the Classificação Indicativa database
6. MYmovies audiovisual work ID, also known as MYmovies film ID, MYmovies TV series ID (wd:P4780): identifier for a film or a TV series in MYmovies.it
7. Audiovisual Breathing Guidance Workflow (wd:Q126549707): scholarly article
8. Audiovisual aids: 'It won't work!.' (wd:Q72627688): scientific article published on January 15, 1981
9. Interloops in audiovisual works (wd:Q122811259): doctoral thesis
10. SCIENTIFIC AUDIOVISUAL WORK HYBRID WORK AS? (wd:Q130124801): scholarly article published in 2017

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "audiovisual work" is wd:Q2431196 ("audiovisual work": creative work possessing both a sound and a visual component).

Next, let's find the property for "official website" or "URL" to filter for URLs starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
2. official shop URL, also known as online store, shop, shop URL, store, store URL (wd:P10225 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): official URL where the agent sells products/merchandise, official website
3. official wiki URL, also known as official wiki, official wiki website, wiki, wiki URL, wiki website (wd:P12203 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): URL of the official wiki for the item, URL
4. house publication, also known as has mouthpiece, publishes, publication, organization publication, organisation publication (wd:P2813 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): media that speaks for an organization or a movement, and that is usually edited by its members
5. sitemap URL, also known as sitemap xml, site map URL, sitemap (wd:P11212 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): URL to the sitemap of the subject's official website, URL
6. title of broader work, also known as container title, website title (wd:P6333 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): title of website, journal or other work in which an article (or ...is published in. Use "published in" (P1433) instead if possible.
7. login URL, also known as sign-in URL, sign in URL, sign-in page, sign in page, login page (wd:P11903 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): URL of a webpage used to log into a service, URL
8. topic's main Wikimedia portal, also known as main portal, portal (wd:P1151 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): Wikimedia portal associated with this topic
9. official jobs URL, also known as official careers website, official careers URL, jobs website, jobs URL, careers URL (wd:P10311 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): web page for jobs an employer offers, URL
10. official list URL (wd:P12388 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): URL of a website listing instances of the subject, maintained by the authority on the subject

[Assistant]
The property for "official website" is wd:P856. We will use this to filter for URLs starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch".

Next, let's find the property for "director".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. director / manager, also known as leader, manager, manager/director, managing director, Officer-in-Charge (wd:P1037 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person who manages any kind of group, significant person
2. director, also known as film director, movie director, game director, directed by (wd:P57 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): director(s) of film, TV-series, stageplay, video game or similar, contributor to the creative work or subject, creator
3. editor-in-chief, also known as lead editor, managing editor, executive editor, editor in chief, directed by (wd:P5769 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility fo...publishing articles or books in collections or periodical papers
4. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): position of the head of this item
5. creative director (wd:P12617 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person who makes high-level creative decisions, director
6. assistant director, also known as second unit director (wd:P5126 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): assistant stage director of a performing arts, film or television production
7. artistic director (wd:P8938 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person responsible for the overall artistic vision of an organization and for its execution. See also P3174 for works., director / manager
8. art director, also known as artistic director (wd:P3174 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person credited as the art director/artistic director of this wo... designers, lighting designers; See also P8938 for organizations
9. director of photography, also known as cinematographer, DOP (wd:P344 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person responsible for the framing, lighting, and filtration of the subject work, film crew member
10. director of archaeological fieldwork, also known as dig director, director of excavations, excavation director (wd:P4345 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): person leading the archaeological or anthropological investigation at a given site, significant person

[Assistant]
The property for "director" is wd:P57.

Now, let's find the property for "family name" to get the directors' family names.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. family name, also known as clan name, last name, surname (wd:P734 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): part of full name of person, name
2. family name identical to this given name, also known as surname identical to this given name, surname identical to this first name, related surname, related family name, last name identical to this first name (wd:P1533 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): last name that is the same as a given first name. Use on items for given names, different from
3. second family name in Spanish name, also known as second family name, Spanish second name, segundo apellido en nombre en español, segundo apellido, second surname in Spanish name (wd:P1950 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): second (generally maternal) family name in Spanish names (do not use for other double barrelled names) and in some French names., family name
4. author last names, also known as author last name, surnames, surname, last names, last name (wd:P9688 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): qualifier to provide string representation of family or primary ...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), family name
5. generational suffix, also known as age suffix, family suffix, Jr., Junior, Senior (wd:P8017 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): suffix used in name
6. Philippine middle name, also known as Philippine maternal surname, Philippine maternal family name, Filipino maternal surname, maternal surname, maternal family name (wd:P12330 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): maternal surname generally placed in the middle of this person's name, name
7. infix, also known as family name affix, family name prefix (wd:P7377 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): component of Dutch family name or similar of other languages, ge...ting. Note differences in capitalization and affixation (spaces)
8. surname for other gender, also known as gender inflection of surname, surname for other sex, patronymic for other sex, matronymic for other sex, male surname (wd:P5278 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): gender inflection of surname, patronymic or matronymic
9. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
10. Geneanet family name ID, also known as Geneanet family name identifier, geneanet.org family name ID, geneanet.org family name identifier (wd:P9644 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): ID for a family name on Geneanet

[Assistant]
The property for "family name" is wd:P734.

Now, for "French" audiovisual works, we need to determine if we should filter by country of origin or language. Let's check which property is more commonly used for audiovisual works: "country of origin" or "language". I'll search for both properties.

First, search for "country of origin".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country
2. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
3. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
4. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
5. indigenous to, also known as native to, originating from, spoken by (wd:P2341 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): place or ethnic group where a language, art genre, cultural trad...biological species or variety is found (or was originally found)
6. derived from organism type, also known as derived from organism of taxon, originated from individual of taxon, taxon of origin (wd:P9072 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): the taxon that the organism from which the subject cell line was...cause cell lines are derived only once from a single individual)
7. valid in place, also known as applies to country, applies to location, applies to place, country, true in (wd:P3005 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): place where a statement is valid, applies to part
8. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
9. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
10. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

[Assistant]
The property for "country of origin" is wd:P495.

Now, let's check for "language" as an alternative filter for "French" audiovisual works.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
2. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
3. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
4. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language designated as official by this item, language used
5. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
6. language style, also known as manner, term register, obsolete, register, sense register (wd:P6191 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
7. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
8. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
9. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
10. variety of lexeme, form or sense, also known as dialect, used in dialect, variety of form (wd:P7481 as pq/prn/pqn/ps/p/wdt/psv/pr/wdtn/psn/prv/pqv): dialect, graphic or phonetic variety that this lexeme, form or sense is used in

[Assistant]
The property for "language of work or name" is wd:P407. This is commonly used for creative works.

For "French", let's confirm the entity for the French language.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. French, also known as (fr), fr, fra, French language (wd:Q150): Romance language
2. French language studies, also known as French (academic discipline), French philology, French major, French language, French language and literature (wd:Q11333703): discipline that studies the French language and literature
3. French Language (wd:Q110262527): Stack Exchange site for students, teachers, and linguists wanting to discuss the finer points of the French language
4. French language (wd:L991466-S1)
5. French (language) (wd:L612804-S1)
6. Old French, also known as fro, Old French language (wd:Q35222): Gallo-Romance dialect continuum spoken from the 9th century to the middle of the 14th century
7. Oïl, also known as French languages, Oïl languages, Oïl language, langue d'oïl, langues d'oïl (wd:Q37351): dialect continuum that includes French and its closest relatives
8. French Sign Language, also known as fsl, FSL, LSF (wd:Q33302): sign language used predominately in France and French-speaking Switzerland
9. French Sign Language, also known as fsl, FSL, LSF (wd:Q33302): sign language used predominately in France and French-speaking Switzerland
10. Middle French, also known as Middle French language, frm (wd:Q1473289): historical variety of French used c. 1350–1600

[Assistant]
The entity for the French language is wd:Q150.

Now, let's summarize the properties and entities we will use:
- Audiovisual work: wd:Q2431196 (instance of)
- Official website: wdt:P856
- Director: wdt:P57
- Family name: wdt:P734
- Language of work: wdt:P407 (with wd:Q150 for French)
- (Alternatively, we could use country of origin wd:P495 with France wd:Q142, but language is more inclusive for "French audiovisual works".)

Now, let's draft the SPARQL query:
- Select audiovisual works (wd:Q2431196) with language French (wd:Q150)
- Filter for official website starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch"
- Get directors (wdt:P57) and their family names (wdt:P734)
- Order by family name

Let's write the query.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The query returned no results. This could be due to a few reasons:
- The class "audiovisual work" (wd:Q2431196) might be too restrictive; perhaps most works are classified as "film" or "television series" instead.
- The language property (wdt:P407) might not be used consistently for audiovisual works.
- The URL property might not be directly attached to the work, or the URL might be under a different property.

Let's try broadening the search by using "film" (wd:Q11424) as the instance type, which is a common subclass of audiovisual work, and see if that returns results.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Still no results. It's possible that:
- The "official website" property (wdt:P856) is not used for these works, or
- The URL might be stored under a different property, or
- The language property (wdt:P407) is not set for these works.

Let's try relaxing the language constraint and just look for films with a URL starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch", then see what metadata is available for those works.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
No results were found even when only filtering for films with an official website starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch". This suggests that the "official website" property may not be used for these works, or that Wikidata does not have this information for works on artfilm.ch.

Let's try searching for any entity (not just films) with an official website starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch" to see if the property is used at all.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| item                      | url                       |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| artfilm.ch (wd:Q88870118) | <https://www.artfilm.ch/> |

[Assistant]
The only entity with an official website starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch" is the website itself (artfilm.ch, wd:Q88870118). This suggests that Wikidata does not currently store individual audiovisual works with this URL as their official website.

Given this, it is not possible to answer the question as posed using the current data in Wikidata. There are no French audiovisual works in Wikidata with an official website starting with "https://www.artfilm.ch", so we cannot retrieve their directors or family names.

I will cancel and explain the situation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The explanation is correct and complete. The SPARQL query checks for items with an official website starting with 'https://www.artfilm.ch', and the result confirms that only the website itself is present in Wikidata, not any audiovisual works. The system correctly concludes that the question cannot be answered with the current data. No further refinement is possible.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?municipality WHERE {
  wd:Q7194 wdt:P150 ?comarca .
  ?comarca wdt:P31 wd:Q937876 .
  ?comarca wdt:P150 ?municipality .
  ?municipality wdt:P31 wd:Q33146843 .
}
ORDER BY ?municipality

Got 225 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| municipality                        |
| ----------------------------------- |
| Vila-sacra (wd:Q1043496)            |
| Sant Climent Sescebes (wd:Q10927)   |
| Albanyà (wd:Q10973)                 |
| L'Armentera (wd:Q11200)             |
| Avinyonet de Puigventós (wd:Q11227) |
| ...                                 |
| Cantallops (wd:Q7086)               |
| Capmany (wd:Q7106)                  |
| La Jonquera (wd:Q7113)              |
| Rabós (wd:Q7126)                    |
| Portbou (wd:Q7165)                  |

The municipalities in the Province of Girona, Spain, are all entities that are instances of 'municipality of Catalonia' (wd:Q33146843) and are subdivisions of the comarcas contained in the Province of Girona (wd:Q7194). The query returns the full list of these municipalities as Wikidata IRIs.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What are the municipalities in the Province of Girona, Spain?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "Province of Girona, Spain".
2. We need to find the property that links a municipality to its province.
3. We need to find all municipalities (likely instances of "municipality") that are located in the Province of Girona.

First, I'll search for the entity "Province of Girona".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Province of Girona (wd:Q7194): province of Catalonia, Spain
2. Province Court of Girona, also known as Audiencia Provincial de Girona, Audiencia Provincial of Girona (wd:Q11907202)
3. flag of Girona Province, also known as flag of the province of Girona, Girona Province flag (wd:Q41534500): flag used by the province of Girona, Catalonia
4. history of the province of Girona (wd:Q118405275)
5. Pottery in the province of Girona (wd:Q106097131)
6. Quebec, also known as Quebec Province, Quebec, Canada, Québec, QC, PQ (wd:Q176): province of Canada
7. Ontario, also known as The Heartland Province, Province of Ontario, Ontario, Canada, Ont., ONT (wd:Q1904): province of Canada
8. Alberta, also known as AB, Wild Rose Country, Province of Alberta, CA-AB, Alta. (wd:Q1951): province of Canada
9. Manitoba, also known as Man., The Keystone Province, Province of Manitoba, MB, Manitoba, Canada (wd:Q1948): province of Canada
10. Saskatchewan, also known as Canada's Breadbasket, CA-SK, Province of Saskatchewan, Sask., SK (wd:Q1989): province of Canada

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "Province of Girona" is wd:Q7194.

Next, I need to find the property that links a municipality to its province. I'll search for properties related to "province".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
2. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
3. capital of, also known as national capital of, parish seat of, provincial capital of, seat of, state capital (wd:P1376 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): country, state, department, canton or other administrative division of which the municipality is the governmental seat, located in the administrative territorial entity
4. applies to part, also known as when viewed as, valid for part, section, region, per (wd:P518 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): part, aspect, or form of the item to which the claim applies
5. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
6. contains the administrative territorial entity, also known as has shires, has rural cities, has regions, has municipalities, has members (wd:P150 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): (list of) direct subdivisions of an administrative territorial entity, has part(s)
7. contains the statistical territorial entity, also known as contains statistical territorial entity (wd:P10888 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): (list of) statistical territorial entities which are direct subd...ions of another statistical or administrative territorial entity, has part(s)
8. located in the statistical territorial entity, also known as located in statistical territorial entity, statistical territorial entity (wd:P8138 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): statistical territorial entity in which a place is located or is...nty is split into or part of several regions: add several values, location
9. located in/on physical feature, also known as located on the terrain feature, location (terrain feature), loc (terr), on, on geographical feature (wd:P706 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): located on the specified (geo)physical feature. Should not be us...nly political/administrative (P131) or a mountain range (P4552)., location, part of
10. associated electoral district, also known as associated constituency, located in the constituency, located in electoral district, constituency associated with place, electoral district associated with place (wd:P7938 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): constituencies/electoral districts in which a place is located o...inct from administrative entities (P131) in predefined countries

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties are:
- "located in the administrative territorial entity" (wd:P131): used to indicate that a municipality is located in a specific province.
- "contains the administrative territorial entity" (wd:P150): used to indicate that a province contains certain municipalities.

Since we want to find all municipalities in the Province of Girona, using wd:P150 on wd:Q7194 (Province of Girona) should give us the direct subdivisions, which are likely the municipalities.

Next, I'll check what entities are returned by wd:Q7194 wdt:P150 ?municipality.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                                                  | object                      |
| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Vidrà (wd:Q13856)           |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Viladrau (wd:Q13858)        |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Espinelves (wd:Q13780)      |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Gironès (wd:Q12752)         |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Lower Cerdanya (wd:Q12787)  |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Alt Empordà (wd:Q6904)      |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Baix Empordà (wd:Q12768)    |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Selva (wd:Q12778)           |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Pla de l'Estany (wd:Q12762) |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Garrotxa (wd:Q10932)        |
| ...                           | ...                                                       | ...                         |

[Assistant]
The results show that wd:P150 on the Province of Girona returns both municipalities (e.g., Vidrà, Viladrau, Espinelves) and larger subdivisions (e.g., Gironès, Alt Empordà, Baix Empordà), which are comarcas (counties) in Catalonia.

To get only municipalities, I need to filter for entities that are instances of "municipality". I will:
- Find the entity for "municipality".
- Write a query that gets all entities contained in the Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) via wd:P150, and that are instances of "municipality".

First, I'll search for the entity "municipality".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. municipality, also known as municipalities (wd:Q15284): administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government or jurisdiction
2. direct-administered municipality, also known as direct-administrated municipality, direct-controlled municipality, municipality, province-level municipality (wd:Q1208802): province-level subdivision in the People's Republic of China
3. municipality of the Philippines, also known as Philippine town, Philippine municipality, municipality (wd:Q24764): administrative division in Philippine provinces
4. municipality of Georgia, also known as municipality (wd:Q2655841): subdivision of Georgia, consisting of a settlement or a group of settlements
5. county town, also known as municipality (wd:Q1357964): county's administrative centre in the United Kingdom or Ireland
6. municipality of Albania, also known as municipality (wd:Q768307): administrative division of Albania
7. término municipal, also known as municipal area council, municipal area, municipal territory, municipality, municipal term (wd:Q55843): territory of a municipality of Spain or Portugal, on which the jurisdiction of a town hall extends
8. municipality of Macau, also known as concelho of Macau, municipality (wd:Q17361234): historic administrative subdivision of Macau
9. municipality, also known as municipality of Quebec (wd:Q27676428): type of municipality in Quebec; these are municipalities that only have "municipality" in their status
10. Sundarharaincha, also known as Municipality (wd:Q75947148): municipality in eastern Nepal lies in province 1

[Assistant]
The general entity for "municipality" is wd:Q15284. For Spain specifically, "término municipal" (wd:Q55843) is also relevant, but wd:Q15284 is the broader class.

Now, I'll write a SPARQL query to:
- Get all entities that are contained in the Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) via wd:P150 (direct subdivisions).
- Filter those entities to only include instances of "municipality" (wd:Q15284).
- Optionally, get their labels.

Here's the query I'll use.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that none of the direct subdivisions (via wd:P150) of the Province of Girona are directly typed as "municipality" (wd:Q15284). Instead, the direct subdivisions include comarcas (counties), which themselves contain municipalities.

Therefore, I need to:
1. Get all comarcas (counties) contained in the Province of Girona via wd:P150.
2. For each comarca, get its subdivisions via wd:P150, and filter those for instances of "municipality" (wd:Q15284).

I'll first check what type these comarcas are, to confirm their class.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                                                  | object                      |
| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Vidrà (wd:Q13856)           |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Viladrau (wd:Q13858)        |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Espinelves (wd:Q13780)      |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Gironès (wd:Q12752)         |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Lower Cerdanya (wd:Q12787)  |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Alt Empordà (wd:Q6904)      |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Baix Empordà (wd:Q12768)    |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Selva (wd:Q12778)           |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Pla de l'Estany (wd:Q12762) |
| Province of Girona (wd:Q7194) | contains the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P150) | Garrotxa (wd:Q10932)        |
| ...                           | ...                                                       | ...                         |

[Tool]
Got 306 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                              | property              | object                              |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Solna Municipality (wd:Q109010)      | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Sundbyberg Municipality (wd:Q972564) | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Danderyd Municipality (wd:Q113679)   | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Huddinge Municipality (wd:Q492575)   | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Kiruna Municipality (wd:Q499474)     | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Sollentuna Municipality (wd:Q503746) | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Botkyrka Municipality (wd:Q113718)   | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Arjeplog Municipality (wd:Q493855)   | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Ale Municipality (wd:Q498470)        | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| Tanum Municipality (wd:Q511228)      | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Sweden (wd:Q127448) |
| ...                                  | ...                   | ...                                 |

[Assistant]
It looks like my previous step listed Swedish municipalities, not Catalan comarcas. To clarify, I need to check the type of, for example, "Gironès" (wd:Q12752), which is one of the subdivisions of the Province of Girona.

I'll check the "instance of" (wdt:P31) for wd:Q12752.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject             | property              | object                            |
| ------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Gironès (wd:Q12752) | instance of (wdt:P31) | comarca of Catalonia (wd:Q937876) |

[Assistant]
Gironès (wd:Q12752) is an instance of "comarca of Catalonia" (wd:Q937876). This confirms that the direct subdivisions of the Province of Girona are comarcas.

Now, the correct approach is:
- For each comarca in the Province of Girona (via wd:P150), get its subdivisions (via wd:P150), and filter for instances of "municipality" (wd:Q15284).

I'll write a SPARQL query to:
1. Get all comarcas in the Province of Girona (wd:Q7194 wdt:P150 ?comarca; ?comarca wdt:P31 wd:Q937876).
2. For each comarca, get its subdivisions (?comarca wdt:P150 ?municipality).
3. Filter for municipalities (?municipality wdt:P31 wd:Q15284).
4. Optionally, get their labels.

Here is the query.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
The query returned no results. This suggests that the municipalities may not be directly typed as "municipality" (wd:Q15284) or that the structure is more complex.

To investigate, I'll check what types are assigned to a known municipality in the Province of Girona, such as "Vidrà" (wd:Q13856).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject           | property              | object                                   |
| ----------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Vidrà (wd:Q13856) | instance of (wdt:P31) | municipality of Catalonia (wd:Q33146843) |

[Assistant]
Vidrà (wd:Q13856) is an instance of "municipality of Catalonia" (wd:Q33146843), not the general "municipality" (wd:Q15284).

Therefore, I should filter for instances of "municipality of Catalonia" (wd:Q33146843) instead.

I'll update the query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 225 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| municipality               | municipalityLabel   |
| -------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Agullana (wd:Q6622)        | Agullana (en)       |
| Aiguaviva (wd:Q13412)      | Aiguaviva (en)      |
| Albanyà (wd:Q10973)        | Albanyà (en)        |
| Albons (wd:Q13463)         | Albons (en)         |
| Alp (wd:Q13731)            | Alp (en)            |
| ...                        | ...                 |
| Vilanant (wd:Q12173)       | Vilanant (en)       |
| Vila-sacra (wd:Q1043496)   | Vila-sacra (en)     |
| Vilaür (wd:Q12177)         | Vilaür (en)         |
| Vilobí d'Onyar (wd:Q13718) | Vilobí d'Onyar (en) |
| Vilopriu (wd:Q13585)       | Vilopriu (en)       |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies all municipalities in the Province of Girona by traversing from the province to its comarcas and then to the municipalities within those comarcas, filtering for those that are instances of 'municipality of Catalonia'. The query returns the IRIs as required, and the logic is sound. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?item ?itemLabel ?itemDescription ?property ?propertyLabel ?propertyDescription ?datatype WHERE {
  ?item wdt:P1963 ?property .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?item rdfs:label ?itemLabel FILTER ( lang( ?itemLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?item schema:description ?itemDescription FILTER ( lang( ?itemDescription ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?property rdfs:label ?propertyLabel FILTER ( lang( ?propertyLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?property schema:description ?propertyDescription FILTER ( lang( ?propertyDescription ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?property wikibase:propertyType ?datatype
  }
}
LIMIT 100

Got 100 rows and 7 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| item                                        | itemLabel                        | itemDescription                                                          | property                                   | propertyLabel                       | propertyDescription                                                      | datatype              |
| ------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| fictional intellectual work (wd:Q125942413) | fictional intellectual work (en) |                                                                          | video (wd:P10)                             | video (en)                          | relevant video. For images, use ...ole" (P3831)="trailer" (Q622550) (en) | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| animated film (wd:Q202866)                  | animated film (en)               | film for the cinema, television ...top motion or computer animation (en) | video (wd:P10)                             | video (en)                          | relevant video. For images, use ...ole" (P3831)="trailer" (Q622550) (en) | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| intellectual work (wd:Q15621286)            | intellectual work (en)           | work created through human thoug...ception, including creative work (en) | video (wd:P10)                             | video (en)                          | relevant video. For images, use ...ole" (P3831)="trailer" (Q622550) (en) | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| creative work (wd:Q17537576)                | creative work (en)               | artistic creation (en)                                                   | video (wd:P10)                             | video (en)                          | relevant video. For images, use ...ole" (P3831)="trailer" (Q622550) (en) | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| judiciary (wd:Q105985)                      | judiciary (en)                   | system of courts that interprets and applies the law (en)                | applies to jurisdiction (wd:P1001)         | applies to jurisdiction (en)        | the item (institution, law, publ...untry, state, municipality, ...) (en) | wikibase:WikibaseItem |
| ...                                         | ...                              | ...                                                                      | ...                                        | ...                                 | ...                                                                      | ...                   |
| podcast show (wd:Q24634210)                 | podcast show (en)                | episode-based program (audio or ...n RSS feed or downloadable files (en) | Listen Notes podcast ID (wd:P10213)        | Listen Notes podcast ID (en)        | identifier of a podcast on Listen Notes (en)                             | wikibase:ExternalId   |
| human (wd:Q5)                               | human (en)                       | any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo (en) | National Library of Ireland ID (wd:P10227) | National Library of Ireland ID (en) | identifier of a National Library of Ireland authority record (en)        | wikibase:ExternalId   |
| individual organism (wd:Q10855152)          | individual organism (en)         | individual living thing (en)                                             | individual of taxon (wd:P10241)            | individual of taxon (en)            | the taxon of an individual named organism (animal, plant) (en)           | wikibase:WikibaseItem |
| Kanagawa selected tree 100 (wd:Q125399826)  | Kanagawa selected tree 100 (en)  |                                                                          | individual of taxon (wd:P10241)            | individual of taxon (en)            | the taxon of an individual named organism (animal, plant) (en)           | wikibase:WikibaseItem |
| individual animal (wd:Q26401003)            | individual animal (en)           | singular named exemplar of an an...named Koko; the cat named Socks) (en) | individual of taxon (wd:P10241)            | individual of taxon (en)            | the taxon of an individual named organism (animal, plant) (en)           | wikibase:WikibaseItem |

This query returns items where the property "properties for this type" (wd:P1963) is used, along with the associated properties and their characteristics (labels, descriptions, and datatypes).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What are the items where the property "properties for this type" is used, along with the associated properties and their characteristics?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find items where the property "properties for this type" is used.
2. For each such item, we want the associated properties (i.e., the values of "properties for this type").
3. For each associated property, we want their characteristics.

Step 1: Find the property "properties for this type" in Wikidata to get its property ID.

I'll search for the property "properties for this type".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. properties for this type, also known as uses properties, Wikidata properties for this type, Wikidata properties for this class, uses property, things one could say about (wd:P1963 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
2. Wikidata property, also known as main property, property for this item, property, has property (wd:P1687 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): main Wikidata property for this item
3. Wikidata property example for properties, also known as example for properties, property example (wd:P2271 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): examples of using a property in an item statement, Wikidata property example
4. inappropriate property for this type (wd:P8952 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): property that should not be present for instances of that element
5. Wikidata property example, also known as e.g., Wikidata property sample, property sample, property example, for example (wd:P1855 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): example where this Wikidata property is used; target item is one...ualifier the property being described given the associated value
6. Wikidata item of this property, also known as associated item, Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property (wd:P1629 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
7. characteristic of, also known as quality of, property of, inheres in, of (wd:P13044 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): (qualifier only) statement value is a characteristic, quality, property, or state of this qualifier value
8. type of unit for this property (wd:P2876 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): units for this property are all instances of this item
9. related property, also known as rdfs:seeAlso, related properties, see also, seealso (wd:P1659 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): used to indicate another property that might provide additional information about the subject
10. Wikidata property example for senses, also known as property example for senses (wd:P5977 as pqv/psn/psv/p/prn/prv/ps/wdtn/pq/pqn/pr/wdt): example where this Wikidata property is used; target sense is on...ualifier the property being described given the associated value

[Assistant]
The property "properties for this type" corresponds to wd:P1963.

Next, I need to find items where this property is used (i.e., items that have a statement with property wd:P1963), and for each such item, retrieve the associated properties (the values of wd:P1963). Then, for each associated property, I need to get their characteristics.

"Characteristics" of a property could refer to its datatype, label, description, or other meta-properties (such as "property type", "allowed values", etc.). I will retrieve the datatype and label for each property as a starting point.

I'll now construct a SPARQL query to:
- Find items (?item) with a wd:P1963 statement (?property).
- For each ?property, get its datatype and label.

Let's try a basic query to get ?item, ?property, and the datatype and label of ?property.

[Tool]
Got 50 rows and 4 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| item                                        | property                             | propertyLabel                 | datatype              |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------- | --------------------- |
| fictional intellectual work (wd:Q125942413) | video (wd:P10)                       | video (en)                    | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| intellectual work (wd:Q15621286)            | video (wd:P10)                       | video (en)                    | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| creative work (wd:Q17537576)                | video (wd:P10)                       | video (en)                    | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| animated film (wd:Q202866)                  | video (wd:P10)                       | video (en)                    | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| local referendum (wd:Q1021073)              | applies to jurisdiction (wd:P1001)   | applies to jurisdiction (en)  | wikibase:WikibaseItem |
| ...                                         | ...                                  | ...                           | ...                   |
| periodical (wd:Q1002697)                    | Baidu Scholar journal ID (wd:P10061) | Baidu Scholar journal ID (en) | wikibase:ExternalId   |
| type of musical instrument (wd:Q110295396)  | SEKO ID (wd:P10063)                  | SEKO ID (en)                  | wikibase:ExternalId   |
| periodical (wd:Q1002697)                    | CNKI CJFD journal ID (wd:P10082)     | CNKI CJFD journal ID (en)     | wikibase:ExternalId   |
| painting (wd:Q3305213)                      | image with color chart (wd:P10093)   | image with color chart (en)   | wikibase:CommonsMedia |
| team of content creators (wd:Q105416259)    | field of work (wd:P101)              | field of work (en)            | wikibase:WikibaseItem |

[Assistant]
The query successfully retrieves items where the property "properties for this type" (wd:P1963) is used, along with the associated properties and their characteristics (property label and datatype).

To make the answer more complete, I will also include the item's label and description, as well as the property's description, as these are relevant "characteristics" for understanding both the item and the property. I will use OPTIONAL for these fields.

Here is the improved SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves items where the property 'properties for this type' (wd:P1963) is used, along with the associated properties and their characteristics (labels, descriptions, and datatypes). The query returns the IRIs for items and properties, and includes optional human-readable information as requested. The query does not use unsupported SERVICE clauses and adheres to the requirements. The answer and query are correct and complete for the user's question.