PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?person ( SAMPLE( ?lab ) AS ?label ) WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P734 wd:Q37069298 .
  ?person rdfs:label ?lab .
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( STR( ?lab ) ) , "bertha" ) )
}
GROUP BY ?person
ORDER BY ?person

The query returns two items:
- wd:Q114505809 (label sample: "Bertha Eichhoff")
- wd:Q66505 (label sample: "Bertha Krupp")

So the people with family name Krupp (Q37069298) whose label contains "Bertha" are wd:Q114505809 and wd:Q66505.

Who has the family name Krupp (the QID Q37069298) and also have "Bertha" somewhere in their label?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You are provided with some general notes:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who has the family name Krupp (the QID Q37069298) and also have "Bertha" somewhere in their label?

[Assistant] Step 1 — verify the property for "family name" and the family name entity "Krupp" exist in the KG. I'll search for the property using a natural-language query, then list the entity wd:Q37069298 to confirm it exists and is Krupp. I will explain results after each call.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. family name, also known as clan name, last name, surname (wd:P734 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): part of full name of person, subproperty of name
2. family name identical to this given name, also known as last name identical to this first name, surname identical to this given name, surname identical to this first name, related surname, related family name (wd:P1533 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): last name that is the same as a given first name. Use on items for given names, subproperty of different from
3. second family name in Spanish name, also known as maternal family name in Spanish name, Spanish second name, segundo apellido en nombre en español, segundo apellido, second surname in Spanish name (wd:P1950 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): second (generally maternal) family name in Spanish names (do not use for other double barrelled names) and in some French names., subproperty of family name
4. author last names, also known as last names, surnames, surname, last name, author last name (wd:P9688 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to provide string representation of family or primary ...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), subproperty of family name
5. generational suffix, also known as Sr., family suffix, Senior, Jr., age suffix (wd:P8017 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): suffix used in name
6. Philippine middle name, also known as Philippine maternal surname, Philippine maternal family name, maternal surname, maternal family name, Filipino middle name (wd:P12330 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): maternal surname generally placed in the middle of this person's name, subproperty of name
7. infix, also known as family name affix, family name prefix (wd:P7377 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): component of Dutch family name or similar of other languages, ge...ting. Note differences in capitalization and affixation (spaces)
8. surname for other gender, also known as gender inflection of surname, surname for other sex, patronymic for other sex, matronymic for other sex, male surname (wd:P5278 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): gender inflection of surname, patronymic or matronymic
9. given name, also known as proper name, first name, personal name, name, middle name (wd:P735 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, subproperty of name
10. Geneanet family name ID, also known as geneanet.org family name ID, Geneanet family name identifier, geneanet.org family name identifier (wd:P9644 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): ID for a family name on Geneanet

[Assistant] Step 2 — verify the entity wd:Q37069298 exists and is the family name "Krupp". I'll list triples for that entity to inspect its labels and claims.

[Tool]
Got 168 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject              | property                      | object                                                 |
| -------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | instance of (wdt:P31)         | family name (wd:Q101352)                               |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | Commons category (wdt:P373)   | Krupp (surname)                                        |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | native label (wdt:P1705)      | Krupp (mul)                                            |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | different from (wdt:P1889)    | wd:Q235217                                             |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | writing system (wdt:P282)     | Latin script (wd:Q8229)                                |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | Cologne phonetics (wdt:P3879) | 471                                                    |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | Soundex (wdt:P3878)           | K610                                                   |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | Caverphone (wdt:P3880)        | KRP111                                                 |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | attested in (wdt:P5323)       | 2010 United States Census surname index (wd:Q92953148) |
| Krupp (wd:Q37069298) | FactGrid item ID (wdtn:P8168) | <https://database.factgrid.de/entity/Q1012025>         |
| ...                  | ...                           | ...                                                    |

[Assistant] Next I'll run a SPARQL query to find items with property P734 = wd:Q37069298 and with a label containing "Bertha" (case-insensitive). I'll request their IRIs and labels.

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                          | label                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Bertha Eichhoff (wd:Q114505809) | Bertha Eichhoff (de)                     |
| Bertha Eichhoff (wd:Q114505809) | Bertha Eichhoff (en)                     |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp (ast)                       |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp (ca)                        |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp (en)                        |
| ...                             | ...                                      |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (cs) |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (de) |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (fi) |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (nb) |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (sv) |

[Assistant] Now I'll run a final SPARQL query that selects distinct items with family name (wdt:P734) = wd:Q37069298 and whose rdfs:label contains "Bertha" (case-insensitive). I will request one sample label per item to avoid duplicate rows from multilingual labels. Then I'll report the query and the returned items.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Invalid SPARQL query: The target ?label of an AS clause was already used in the query body.

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL query that groups results to return one representative label per person and the person's IRI. The query looks for items with family name P734 = wd:Q37069298 and whose rdfs:label contains "Bertha" (case-insensitive). I'll execute it and then report the results.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| person                          | label                |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Bertha Eichhoff (wd:Q114505809) | Bertha Eichhoff (de) |
| Bertha Krupp (wd:Q66505)        | Bertha Krupp (ast)   |

[Assistant] I'll now provide the final SPARQL query and the answer, and explain my steps.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?person ?personLabel ?pob ?pod ?country ?countryStart ?countryEnd ( MAX( ?dob ) AS ?dateOfBirth ) ( MAX( ?dod ) AS ?dateOfDeath ) WHERE {
  VALUES ?ital {
    wd:Q38 wd:Q172579
  }
  ?person wdt:P27 ?ital .
  ?person wdt:P19 ?pob .
  ?pob wdt:P17 ?country .
  ?country wdt:P571 ?countryStart .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country wdt:P582 ?countryEnd1 .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country wdt:P576 ?countryEnd2 .
  }
  BIND( COALESCE ( ?countryEnd1 , ?countryEnd2 ) AS ?countryEnd ) .
  FILTER ( BOUND( ?countryEnd ) ) .
  ?person wdt:P569 ?dob .
  ?person wdt:P570 ?dod .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person wdt:P20 ?pod .
  }
  FILTER ( ?dod < "1946-06-18T00:00:00Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) .
  FILTER ( ?dob >= ?countryStart && ?dob <= ?countryEnd ) .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
GROUP BY ?person ?personLabel ?pob ?pod ?country ?countryStart ?countryEnd
ORDER BY ?person
LIMIT 500

I searched Wikidata for people who were Italian citizens (country of citizenship = Italy or Kingdom of Italy), whose place of birth's country has an inception (start) and an end (dissolved/end time), and whose date of birth lies within that country's existence. I also required that the person's date of death be before 1946-06-18. I used MAX on the date of birth and date of death to return one value per person. The final query (above) returned 15 matching people. Sample results (columns: person, personLabel, place of birth, place of death, country of birth, country start, country end, dateOfBirth, dateOfDeath):

1) wd:Q109497919 | Gioacchino Antonelli Costaggini | pob: wd:Q172579 (Kingdom of Italy) | pod: (not recorded) | country: wd:Q172579 (Kingdom of Italy) | countryStart: 1861-03-17 | countryEnd: 1946-06-18 | dateOfBirth: 1900-01-01 | dateOfDeath: 1940-01-01
2) wd:Q109671108 | Emilio Campana | pob: wd:Q172579 | pod: (not recorded) | wd:Q172579 | 1861-03-17 | 1946-06-18 | 1874-01-01 | 1939-01-01
3) wd:Q1121169 | Michelina De Cesare | pob: wd:Q180393 (Kingdom of the Two Sicilies) | pod: wd:Q58714 (Mignano Monte Lungo) | wd:Q180393 | 1738-01-01 | 1861-02-21 | 1841-10-28 | 1868-08-30
4) wd:Q118188865 | Francisco Gicca | pob: wd:Q172579 | pod: (not recorded) | wd:Q172579 | 1861-03-17 | 1946-06-18 | 1872-01-01 | 1935-01-01
5) wd:Q123982264 | Alberto Della Pergola | pob: wd:Q172579 | pod: wd:Q19660 (Bucharest) | wd:Q172579 | 1861-03-17 | 1946-06-18 | 1884-01-01 | 1942-01-16
...
(Full result set contains 15 rows; I can provide the complete table if you want.)

Notes about methodology and caveats:
- "Italian citizens" was interpreted as P27 = Italy (wd:Q38) or Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579). Historical Italian states (Papal States, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, etc.) appear as the country of the place of birth; I required those country items to have P571 (inception) and P576 or P582 (end time), and filtered births to be between those dates.
- Some items (places or persons) lack place-of-death statements; those appear blank in pod.
- The query uses MAX to return a single dob/dod per person as requested.

If you want, I can: return the full 15-row table, expand the citizenship definition to other historical Italian states, or restrict results to P27=modern Italy only.

Which Italian citizens died before June 18, 1946 and were born within the start and end time of their country of birth's existence? Please include their date of birth and date of death, place of birth and place of death, and the start and end time of their country of birth. Use the MAX function to get only one date of birth and date of death.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You are provided with some general notes:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which Italian citizens died before June 18, 1946 and were born within the start and end time of their country of birth's existence? Please include their date of birth and date of death, place of birth and place of death, and the start and end time of their country of birth. Use the MAX function to get only one date of birth and date of death.

[Assistant] I'll first find and verify the relevant Wikidata properties (nationality/citizenship, place/date of birth, place/date of death, country of a place, inception/start time and dissolution/end time) so I can use their correct property IDs in the final query. I'll search for "inception", "dissolved", "place of birth", "date of birth", "date of death", "place of death", "country", and "country of citizenship" to confirm the property identifiers.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as inception date, founding date, founded in, founded on date, founded on (wd:P571 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, subproperty of start time
2. location of first performance, also known as first performance place, world premiere location, world premiere held at, world premiere, premiere location (wd:P4647 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted, subproperty of significant place
3. date of first performance, also known as world premiere date, world premiere, time of first performance, premiere date, premiere (wd:P1191 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted, subproperty of publication date
4. announcement date, also known as date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published, released (wd:P6949 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, subproperty of point in time
5. aperture (wd:P7863 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): aperture of a camera lens
6. Israel Museum Jerusalem artist ID, also known as IMAGINE (wd:P7681 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): identifier of a person (artist) in the Israel Museum Jerusalem collection
7. language style, also known as obsolete, register, sense register, sense usage, style (wd:P6191 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
8. torque, also known as moment, moment of force (wd:P2230 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): torque of a machine, a motor/engine/powerplant, or a vehicle
9. catchphrase, also known as has catchphrase, mantra, slogan, tagline, uses catchphrase (wd:P6251 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): commonly used phrase by which someone or something may be recognized
10. has goal, also known as intention, mission, objective, objective of project or action, project of (wd:P3712 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): desired result or outcome

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. dissolved, abolished or demolished date, also known as end date, publication end date, ended, final issue, final year (wd:P576 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): point in time at which the subject (organisation, building) ceas...g equipment,  "discontinued date" (P2669) for stopping a product, subproperty of end time
2. end time, also known as ends, to, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, subproperty of point in time
3. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): subproperty of dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, subproperty of end time
4. latest date, also known as terminus ante quem, prior to, on or before this date, no later than, maximum date (wd:P1326 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): latest possible time that something could have occurred. Use as qualifier for other date properties
5. work period (end), also known as floruit end, floruit (end of work), flourished (end), retirement, work ends (wd:P2032 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): end of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, subproperty of end time, subproperty of floruit
6. earliest end date, also known as end date (earliest) (wd:P8554 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): (qualifier) earliest date on which the statement could have begun to no longer be true, subproperty of earliest date, subproperty of end time
7. date of official closure, also known as closure date, official closure, date of closure, closing date, closed on (wd:P3999 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date of official closure of a building or event, subproperty of end time
8. discontinued date, also known as EOL, product discontinued, end-of-life date, end-of-life, EOL date (wd:P2669 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date that the availability of a product or service was discontin...d "service retirement" (P730) for pieces or classes of equipment, subproperty of end time
9. end period, also known as until period (wd:P3416 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): last period in which the statement is still valid (including the period-value)
10. earliest date, also known as terminus post quem, start date (earliest), on or after this date, no earlier than, minimum date (wd:P1319 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): earliest date at which an event could have happened. Use as qualifier for other date properties

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has characteristic, also known as trait, has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter (wd:P1552 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible
2. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
3. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
4. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
5. source website for the property, also known as property source, Wikidata property source, website source, URL for the property, source website of the property (wd:P1896 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): URL of website acting as source of data for this Wikidata property, subproperty of URL
6. property, also known as allowed qualifier (wd:P2306 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...traint), or to limit the scope of Q44292881 (wikidata statement)
7. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the place where the person is or has been, resident, subproperty of location
8. uses property, also known as property used, property Wikidata used, selfie property, discusses property, discusses Wikidata property (wd:P3176 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): Wikidata property used, discussed, or otherwise analyzed in this work (not the meaning of the property itself), subproperty of uses
9. owner of, also known as owns property, shareholder of, owns (wd:P1830 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): entities owned by the subject
10. characteristic of, also known as quality of, property of, of, inheres in (wd:P13044 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): (qualifier only) statement value is a characteristic, quality, property, or state of this qualifier value

[Assistant] I'll verify the Wikidata property identifiers I plan to use: country of citizenship (citizenship), date of birth, date of death, place of birth, place of death, and country (country of a place), plus inception and dissolved for countries. I'll search for these properties now.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
2. has characteristic, also known as trait, has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter (wd:P1552 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible
3. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
4. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
5. source website for the property, also known as property source, Wikidata property source, website source, URL for the property, source website of the property (wd:P1896 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): URL of website acting as source of data for this Wikidata property, subproperty of URL
6. property, also known as allowed qualifier (wd:P2306 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...traint), or to limit the scope of Q44292881 (wikidata statement)
7. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, subproperty of country
8. owner of, also known as owns property, shareholder of, owns (wd:P1830 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): entities owned by the subject
9. uses property, also known as property used, property Wikidata used, selfie property, discusses property, discusses Wikidata property (wd:P3176 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): Wikidata property used, discussed, or otherwise analyzed in this work (not the meaning of the property itself), subproperty of uses
10. net worth, also known as wealth, estimated net worth, personal fortune, personal assets, net worth estimate (wd:P2218 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): totality of wealth possessed by a person

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
2. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
3. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
4. has characteristic, also known as trait, has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter (wd:P1552 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible
5. property, also known as allowed qualifier (wd:P2306 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...traint), or to limit the scope of Q44292881 (wikidata statement)
6. source website for the property, also known as property source, Wikidata property source, website source, URL for the property, source website of the property (wd:P1896 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): URL of website acting as source of data for this Wikidata property, subproperty of URL
7. characteristic of, also known as quality of, property of, of, inheres in (wd:P13044 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): (qualifier only) statement value is a characteristic, quality, property, or state of this qualifier value
8. date of birth, also known as year of birth, DOB, born on, birthyear, born (wd:P569 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date on which the subject was born, subproperty of inception
9. OnlyFans username, also known as OF ID, OnlyFans username, OnlyFans ID, OnlyFans account, OnlyFans (wd:P8604 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): identifier for a person on the OnlyFans website
10. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, subproperty of country

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has characteristic, also known as trait, has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter (wd:P1552 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible
2. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
3. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
4. owner of, also known as owns property, shareholder of, owns (wd:P1830 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): entities owned by the subject
5. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
6. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the place where the person is or has been, resident, subproperty of location
7. property, also known as allowed qualifier (wd:P2306 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...traint), or to limit the scope of Q44292881 (wikidata statement)
8. source website for the property, also known as property source, Wikidata property source, website source, URL for the property, source website of the property (wd:P1896 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): URL of website acting as source of data for this Wikidata property, subproperty of URL
9. uses property, also known as property used, property Wikidata used, selfie property, discusses property, discusses Wikidata property (wd:P3176 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): Wikidata property used, discussed, or otherwise analyzed in this work (not the meaning of the property itself), subproperty of uses
10. characteristic of, also known as quality of, property of, of, inheres in (wd:P13044 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): (qualifier only) statement value is a characteristic, quality, property, or state of this qualifier value

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of birth, also known as location born, POB, location of birth, born in, born at (wd:P19 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, subproperty of location
2. date of birth, also known as year of birth, DOB, born on, birthyear, born (wd:P569 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date on which the subject was born, subproperty of inception
3. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, subproperty of country
4. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the place where the person is or has been, resident, subproperty of location
5. birthday, also known as birth day, b-day, bday (wd:P3150 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item for day and month on which the subject was born. Used when full "date of birth" (P569) isn't known., subproperty of date of birth
6. birth name, also known as name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né, nee (wd:P1477 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, subproperty of name
7. occupant, also known as location of, tenant, resident, renter, occupiers (wd:P466 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): person or organization occupying property, subproperty of used by
8. applies to people, also known as of, valid to people, valid for person, valid for people, of person (wd:P6001 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to a specific group of people, members of a group or organization
9. category for people born here, also known as category for place of birth, category of people born here (wd:P1464 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): category item that groups people born in this place, subproperty of related category
10. The Parliamentary Newspaper ID, also known as pnp.ru person ID (wd:P10131 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): identifier for a politician on "The Parliamentary Newspaper"

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, died in, died (wd:P20 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, subproperty of location
2. net worth, also known as wealth, estimated net worth, personal fortune, personal assets, net worth estimate (wd:P2218 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): totality of wealth possessed by a person
3. place of burial, also known as interment location, interment, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., subproperty of location
4. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): subproperty of dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, subproperty of end time
5. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
6. category for people who died here, also known as category of people who died here, category for place of death (wd:P1465 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): category item for people who died in this location, subproperty of related category
7. uses property, also known as property used, property Wikidata used, selfie property, discusses property, discusses Wikidata property (wd:P3176 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): Wikidata property used, discussed, or otherwise analyzed in this work (not the meaning of the property itself), subproperty of uses
8. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
9. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
10. has characteristic, also known as trait, has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter (wd:P1552 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Wikidata item of this property, also known as Wikidata property subject item, Wikidata item for this property, subject of this property, subject of property, subject item (wd:P1629 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item corresponding to the concept represented by the property
2. uses property, also known as property used, property Wikidata used, selfie property, discusses property, discusses Wikidata property (wd:P3176 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): Wikidata property used, discussed, or otherwise analyzed in this work (not the meaning of the property itself), subproperty of uses
3. properties for this type, also known as has property, properties for this class, property for this class, property for this type, suggested properties for this instance (wd:P1963 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
4. valid in place, also known as country, valid in territory, valid in location, true in, applies to place (wd:P3005 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): place where a statement is valid, subproperty of applies to part
5. applies to jurisdiction, also known as country of jurisdiction, of, jurisdiction linked, jurisdiction, belongs to jurisdiction (wd:P1001 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the item (institution, law, public office, public register...) o...a territorial jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...), subproperty of characteristic of, subproperty of significant place, subproperty of operating area
6. directions, also known as locality or place (wd:P2795 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): describe how to find the subject - directions, objects along way, comments
7. source website for the property, also known as property source, Wikidata property source, website source, URL for the property, source website of the property (wd:P1896 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): URL of website acting as source of data for this Wikidata property, subproperty of URL
8. property, also known as allowed qualifier (wd:P2306 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...traint), or to limit the scope of Q44292881 (wikidata statement)
9. Wikidata property, also known as has property, main property, property, property for this item (wd:P1687 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): main Wikidata property for this item
10. significant place, also known as place associated with the subject, sign. place, significant location, significant landmark, notable place (wd:P7153 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): significant or notable places associated with the subject, subproperty of location

[Assistant] Now I'll execute a SPARQL query that finds people with Italian citizenship (wd:Q38), with place of birth whose country has inception and dissolution dates, where the person's date of birth lies between the country's start and end, and whose date of death is before 1946-06-18. The query uses MAX to return a single date of birth and date of death per person. I'll run the query to get actual results.

[Tool] Got no rows and 9 columns

[Assistant] Now I'll run a refined SPARQL query that accepts either P582 (end time) or P576 (dissolved) as the country's end, requires that an end exists, and filters persons born between the country's start and end and died before 1946-06-18. I'll execute it to get results.

[Tool] Got no rows and 9 columns

[Assistant] I'll search for Benito Mussolini to inspect his properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Benito Mussolini, also known as Duce, Il Duce, Mussolini, Benito Andrea Mussolini, Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (wd:Q23559): dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1945, instance of human, politician, journalist, teacher, fascist
2. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q19074035): article from 1922 by Edward Corsi, instance of article
3. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q47510408): painting by Ernest Hamlin Baker (NPG NPG.96.TC20), instance of painting
4. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q47509619): painting by Ernest Hamlin Baker, instance of painting
5. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q132643307): documentary film from 1962, instance of film
6. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q125999342): drawing by Rudolf Großmann (G 58/004 k), instance of drawing
7. Benito Mussolini (wd:Q103844401): painting by Richard Young, instance of painting
8. death of Benito Mussolini, also known as Benito Mussolini death, Benito Mussolini's death (wd:Q3863238): circumstances of Mussolini's death, instance of death
9. Benito Albino Dalser, also known as Benito Dalser Mussolini, Benito Dalser, Benito Albino Mussolini, Benito Albino (wd:Q2895943): son of Benito Mussolini and Ida Dalser (1915-1942), military personnel, instance of human
10. Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) (wd:Q119254463): painting by Arthur Fischer (1872–1948), Imperial War Museum London, instance of painting

[Tool]
Got 1,729 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                      | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ---------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | human (wd:Q5)                                                                         |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | occupation (wdt:P106)            | journalist (wd:Q1930187)                                                              |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)          | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                    |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | given name (wdt:P735)            | Benito (wd:Q19826489)                                                                 |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | date of birth (wdt:P569)         | 1883-07-29T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                   |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Benito Mussolini                                                                      |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benito%20Mussolini%20colored.jpg> |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | family name (wdt:P734)           | Mussolini (wd:Q54754502)                                                              |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | country of citizenship (wdt:P27) | Italian Social Republic (wd:Q153660)                                                  |
| Benito Mussolini (wd:Q23559) | place of birth (wdt:P19)         | Predappio (wd:Q99950)                                                                 |
| ...                          | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I see that Benito Mussolini's country of citizenship is Italian Social Republic (wd:Q153660), not Italy (wd:Q38). The user asked for Italian citizens; that should be people with P27 = wd:Q38. My earlier queries returned no results — possibly because many places' countries don't have both P571 and P576/P582, or because place P17 isn't set. Another approach: for persons with P27=Italy and with place of birth having "country" or "country" chain, but countries may be countries like Kingdom of Italy, etc. I'll search for examples of places with P17 pointing to Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q38? Actually Kingdom of Italy is different). I'll search for places whose country is Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q38 is modern Italy). Kingdom of Italy is wd:Q38? Wait, check: Italy is wd:Q38. Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) is wd:Q35637 maybe. I'll search for item "Kingdom of Italy" and inspect its inception/dissolved dates.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kingdom of Italy, also known as IT, Regno d’Italia, Italy (wd:Q172579): kingdom in Southern Europe from 1861 to 1946, instance of historical country
2. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italian Kingdom, Royaume d’Italie, Regno d'Italia, Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, Italy (wd:Q223936): kingdom in southern Europe between 1805 and 1814, instance of historical country
3. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Regnum Italicum, Regnum Italicorum, Regnum Italiae, Italy, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q838931): (817–1014) constituent kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire, instance of state in the Holy Roman Empire, instance of historical country
4. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Regnum Italicum, Regno d'Italia, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q5343710): kingdom in Southern Europe between 781 and 962, instance of historical country, instance of realm
5. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Regnum italicum, Kingdom of Odoacer, Kingdom of Italy (476–493) (wd:Q3755547): kingdom in Southern Europe between 476 and 493, instance of historical country, instance of geographic region, instance of vassal state, instance of realm
6. Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q2643575): name of several monarchies which existed during the Middle Ages in Italy, instance of historical country, instance of history
7. constituency of Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q27924222)
8. Government of the Kingdom of Italy, also known as Kingdom of Italy government, the Kingdom of Italy government (wd:Q37953779)
9. Fascist Italy, also known as Kingdom of Italy under Fascism (wd:Q48742118): Kingdom of Italy under Fascist rule (31st October 1922 – 25th July 1943), instance of historical country
10. Royal Italian Navy, also known as Regia Marina Italiana, RM, Regia Marina, navy of the Kingdom of Italy, Italian Royal Navy (wd:Q855186): 1861-1946 maritime warfare branch of Italy's military; predecessor of the current Italian Navy, instance of navy

[Tool]
Got 683 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                       | object                                      |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------- |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | instance of (wdt:P31)          | historical country (wd:Q3024240)            |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | country (wdt:P17)              | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)               |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | coordinate location (wdt:P625) | POINT(12.500000 41.900000) (geo:wktLiteral) |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | Commons category (wdt:P373)    | Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)                |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | part of (wdt:P361)             | Triple Alliance (wd:Q153867)                |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | population (wdt:P1082)         | 22182000 (xsd:decimal)                      |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | inception (wdt:P571)           | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)         |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | short name (wdt:P1813)         | Italia (es)                                 |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | official name (wdt:P1448)      | Kingdom of Italy (en)                       |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | follows (wdt:P155)             | Austrian Empire (wd:Q131964)                |
| ...                           | ...                            | ...                                         |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                                           | object                              |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) | dissolved, abolished or demolished date (wdt:P576) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll inspect the place Predappio (Benito Mussolini's place of birth) to see its P17 and whether that country's inception/dissolution dates are present; this will help ensure the query can match many people.

[Tool]
Got 425 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject               | property                                                    | object                                                                                |
| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                       | commune of Italy (wd:Q747074)                                                                 |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | country (wdt:P17)                                           | Italy (wd:Q38)                                                                                |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | Province of Forlì-Cesena (wd:Q16180)                                                          |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)                              | POINT(11.985000 44.104167) (geo:wktLiteral)                                                   |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                                 | Predappio                                                                                |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | image (wdt:P18)                                             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Predappio%2C%20via%20principale%2002.JPG> |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | population (wdt:P1082)                                      | 6296 (xsd:decimal)                                                                            |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | official name (wdt:P1448)                                   | Predappio (it)                                                                                |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | official website (wdt:P856)                                 | <http://www.comune.predappio.fc.it/>                                                          |
| Predappio (wd:Q99950) | postal code (wdt:P281)                                      | 47016                                                                                |
| ...                   | ...                                                         | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 3,119 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject        | property                        | object                                                                   |
| -------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | instance of (wdt:P31)           | sovereign state (wd:Q3624078)                                            |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)  | POINT(12.500000 42.500000) (geo:wktLiteral)                              |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | Commons category (wdt:P373)     | Italy                                                                    |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | image (wdt:P18)                 | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colosseo%202020.jpg> |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | part of (wdt:P361)              | European Union (wd:Q458)                                                 |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | population (wdt:P1082)          | 58850717 (xsd:decimal)                                                   |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | inception (wdt:P571)            | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                      |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | short name (wdt:P1813)          | 🇮🇹 (zxx)                                                                 |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | described by source (wdt:P1343) | Draft History of Qing (wd:Q1374339)                                      |
| Italy (wd:Q38) | official name (wdt:P1448)       | Italia (it)                                                              |
| ...            | ...                             | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] I'll run a query that treats as "Italian citizens" those whose country of citizenship (P27) has an English label containing "Italy" or "Italian" (this captures Italy and historical Italian states). The query finds persons with such citizenship, with place of birth whose country has both inception (P571) and an end (P582 or P576), and whose date of birth falls between the country's start and end. It returns people who died before 1946-06-18, and uses MAX on dates to get a single birth and death date per person. I'll execute this query to see results.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant] The endpoint timed out. I'll simplify the query to search for example citizens with P27 = Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579) and see results.

[Tool]
Got 50 rows and 4 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                            | personLabel            | dob                                 | dod                                 |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Francesco Pezzoli (wd:Q100066869) | Francesco Pezzoli (en) | 1855-03-24T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1905-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Francesco Pezzoli (wd:Q100066869) | Francesco Pezzoli (en) | 1860-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1905-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Icilio Sadun (wd:Q100073794)      | Icilio Sadun (en)      | 1872-11-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1947-04-09T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Giovanni Zuccani (wd:Q100074313)  | Giovanni Zuccani (en)  | 1867-09-09T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1928-03-06T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Linda Cannetti (wd:Q100076115)    | Linda Cannetti (en)    | 1878-11-08T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1960-03-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                               | ...                    | ...                                 | ...                                 |
| Onofrio Altavilla (wd:Q100149200) | Onofrio Altavilla (en) | 1887-09-05T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1967-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Natale Canti (wd:Q100149201)      | Natale Canti (en)      | 1858-01-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1907-02-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Pio Di Pietro (wd:Q100149282)     | Pio Di Pietro (en)     | 1862-08-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1939-10-24T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Antonio Di Ciolo (wd:Q100157983)  | Antonio Di Ciolo (en)  | 1934-07-12T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 2020-09-29T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Roberto Lepetit (wd:Q100165549)   | Roberto Lepetit (en)   | 1865-06-02T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1928-03-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query that looks for people whose country of citizenship is either modern Italy (wd:Q38) or the Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579), who died before 1946-06-18, and whose date of birth lies between the inception and end of the country of their place of birth. The query returns place of birth and death, the country's start and end times, and uses MAX to return a single date of birth and date of death per person. Now I'll execute the query.

[Tool]
Got 15 rows and 9 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                          | personLabel                          | pob                                      | pod                                      | country                                  | countryStart                        | countryEnd                          | dateOfBirth                         | dateOfDeath                         |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Gioacchino Antonelli Costaggini (wd:Q109497919) | Gioacchino Antonelli Costaggini (en) | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1900-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1940-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Emilio Campana (wd:Q109671108)                  | Emilio Campana (en)                  | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1874-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1939-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Michelina De Cesare (wd:Q1121169)               | Michelina De Cesare (en)             | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | Mignano Monte Lungo (wd:Q58714)          | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | 1738-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1861-02-21T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1841-10-28T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1868-08-30T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Francisco Gicca (wd:Q118188865)                 | Francisco Gicca (en)                 | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1872-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1935-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Alberto Della Pergola (wd:Q123982264)           | Alberto Della Pergola (en)           | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Bucharest (wd:Q19660)                    | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1884-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1942-01-16T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                             | ...                                  | ...                                      | ...                                      | ...                                      | ...                                 | ...                                 | ...                                 | ...                                 |
| Nemo Agodi (wd:Q6991201)                        | Nemo Agodi (en)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Ferrara (wd:Q13362)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1888-01-10T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1940-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Bartolo Longo (wd:Q809485)                      | Bartolo Longo (en)                   | Latiano (wd:Q51867)                      | Pompei (wd:Q36471)                       | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | 1738-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1861-02-21T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1841-02-10T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1926-10-05T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| César Romagnoli (wd:Q85930211)                  | César Romagnoli (en)                 | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 6th arrondissement of Paris (wd:Q245546) | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1865-08-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1918-11-07T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Camillo Tarquini (wd:Q927100)                   | Camillo Tarquini (en)                | Papal States (wd:Q170174)                | Rome (wd:Q220)                           | Papal States (wd:Q170174)                | 0754-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1870-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1810-09-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1874-02-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Salvador Giambastiani (wd:Q95413623)            | Salvador Giambastiani (en)           | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Santiago (wd:Q2887)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1885-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1921-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run the final SPARQL query (including both modern Italy and the Kingdom of Italy as "Italian" citizenships) with MAX on birth/death dates, returning the person IRIs, places, country start/end, and the MAX date values, to retrieve the full result set. Then I'll report the returned rows. Now I'll execute the query.

[Tool]
Got 15 rows and 9 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                          | personLabel                          | pob                                      | pod                                      | country                                  | countryStart                        | countryEnd                          | dateOfBirth                         | dateOfDeath                         |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Gioacchino Antonelli Costaggini (wd:Q109497919) | Gioacchino Antonelli Costaggini (en) | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1900-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1940-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Emilio Campana (wd:Q109671108)                  | Emilio Campana (en)                  | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1874-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1939-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Michelina De Cesare (wd:Q1121169)               | Michelina De Cesare (en)             | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | Mignano Monte Lungo (wd:Q58714)          | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | 1738-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1861-02-21T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1841-10-28T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1868-08-30T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Francisco Gicca (wd:Q118188865)                 | Francisco Gicca (en)                 | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            |                                          | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1872-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1935-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Alberto Della Pergola (wd:Q123982264)           | Alberto Della Pergola (en)           | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Bucharest (wd:Q19660)                    | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1884-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1942-01-16T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                             | ...                                  | ...                                      | ...                                      | ...                                      | ...                                 | ...                                 | ...                                 | ...                                 |
| Nemo Agodi (wd:Q6991201)                        | Nemo Agodi (en)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Ferrara (wd:Q13362)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1888-01-10T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1940-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Bartolo Longo (wd:Q809485)                      | Bartolo Longo (en)                   | Latiano (wd:Q51867)                      | Pompei (wd:Q36471)                       | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (wd:Q180393) | 1738-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1861-02-21T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1841-02-10T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1926-10-05T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| César Romagnoli (wd:Q85930211)                  | César Romagnoli (en)                 | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 6th arrondissement of Paris (wd:Q245546) | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1865-08-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1918-11-07T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Camillo Tarquini (wd:Q927100)                   | Camillo Tarquini (en)                | Papal States (wd:Q170174)                | Rome (wd:Q220)                           | Papal States (wd:Q170174)                | 0754-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1870-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1810-09-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1874-02-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Salvador Giambastiani (wd:Q95413623)            | Salvador Giambastiani (en)           | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | Santiago (wd:Q2887)                      | Kingdom of Italy (wd:Q172579)            | 1861-03-17T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1946-06-18T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1885-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1921-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] The query returned 15 rows. I'll prepare the final SPARQL query (which I executed) and report the results to the user, including explanation of steps and the final result table. Now I'll send the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?person ?personLabel ?dob WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 .
  ?person p:P69 ?stmt .
  ?stmt ps:P69 wd:Q219563 .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?stmt pq:P512 ?degree
  }
  .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person wdt:P569 ?dob
  }
  .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel FILTER ( lang( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?dob )
LIMIT 500

I executed the query against Wikidata. It returns 500 persons whose 'educated at' (P69) statement points to the University of Washington (wd:Q219563) and for which that particular P69 statement has no 'academic degree' (P512) qualifier. Date of birth (P569) is returned when available. The query returned 500 rows. Example top results (ordered by date of birth descending):
- Parker Brailsford (wd:Q124301080) — 2003-10-20
- Rome Odunze (wd:Q114564449) — 2002-06-03
- Roger Rosengarten (wd:Q124332486) — 2002-01-01
- Jabbar Muhammad (wd:Q123582942) — 2001-12-28
- Jalen McMillan (wd:Q113843993) — 2001-12-07
...
Example last rows shown in the query execution preview:
- Leslie Denise Pinnel Salisbury (wd:Q102250992) — 1973-01-01
- Greg Ridgeway (wd:Q23939878) — 1973-01-01
- Thomas Huynh (wd:Q15430457) — 1973-01-01
- Joe Puryear (wd:Q16740238) — 1973-01-01
- JiYeon Choi (wd:Q88374383) — 1973-01-01

You can run the provided SPARQL query at the Wikidata endpoint to retrieve the full ordered list (limit 500).

Who attended the University of Washington but does not have an academic degree qualifier, along with their date of birth if available? Order results in descending order by date of birth, and limit to 500 results.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You are provided with some general notes:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who attended the University of Washington but does not have an academic degree qualifier, along with their date of birth if available? Order results in descending order by date of birth, and limit to 500 results.

[Assistant]
Step 1 — determine entities and properties I need and verify them in Wikidata:
I will search for the Wikidata item for "University of Washington" and verify the relevant properties:
- "educated at" (P69)
- "academic degree" qualifier property (P512)
- "date of birth" (P569)

I'll start by searching for the University of Washington entity. Then I'll verify the property identifiers. I'll run a search query for the entity now.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. University of Washington, also known as washington.edu, UW-Seattle, UDub, UW, U. of W. (wd:Q219563): public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States, instance of public university
2. University of Washington, also known as University of Washington station (wd:Q7896563): light rail station in Seattle, Washington, instance of underground station, instance of railway station, instance of tram stop
3. University of Mary Washington, also known as State Normal and Industrial School for Woman at Fredericksburg, Mary Washington College of the University of Virginia, Mary Washington College (wd:Q657374): public liberal arts university in Fredericksburg, Virginia, United States, instance of public educational institution of the United States, instance of university
4. Washington Huskies, also known as University of Washington Huskies, UW Huskies, University of Washington athletics, Huskies (wd:Q550397): sports program of the University of Washington, instance of university and college sports club
5. University of Washington Press, also known as Univ of Washington Pr (wd:Q3551360): instance of university press, university press
6. University of Washington Tacoma, also known as tacoma.uw.edu, UW Tacoma, UWT (wd:Q7896583): instance of public educational institution of the United States, campus of the University of Washington, instance of university campus, instance of public university, instance of branch
7. UW Tower, also known as Safeco Plaza, Safeco Tower, University of Washington Plaza, University of Washington Tower, Safeco Building (wd:Q2944917): high-rise building in Seattle, Washington, United States, instance of university building, instance of office building, instance of tower block
8. Washington Park Arboretum, also known as University of Washington Arboretum, UW Arboretum (wd:Q7972107): arboretum at the University of Washington, instance of nonprofit organization, instance of botanical garden, instance of research center, instance of park
9. Washington Huskies men's basketball, also known as UW basketball team, UW Huskies men's basketball, U-Dub men's basketball team, UW Huskies basketball, UW Huskies basketball team (wd:Q7971960): basketball team which represents the University of Washington, instance of college sports team, instance of basketball team
10. University of Washington Libraries, also known as UW Libraries (wd:Q7896575): academic and research library system, instance of research library, instance of academic library, instance of publisher

[Assistant] I'll verify the property for "educated at" (expected P69) in Wikidata. Then I'll verify "academic degree" (expected P512) and "date of birth" (expected P569). I'll start by searching for the property related to "educated at".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. educated at, also known as graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at, college attended (wd:P69 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): educational institution attended by subject, subproperty of affiliation
2. conferred by, also known as presented by, officiated by, issued by, granted by, given by (wd:P1027 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): person or organization who grants an award, certification, grant, or role
3. student of, also known as professor, studied under, pupil of, tutor, mentor (wd:P1066 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): person who has taught this person, subproperty of significant person
4. student, also known as pupil, teacher to, teacher of, students, pupils (wd:P802 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): notable student(s) of the subject individual, subproperty of significant person
5. studied by, also known as researched in, studied in, science, that studies, researched by, is studied in (wd:P2579 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): subject is studied by this science or domain, subproperty of field of work
6. gender educated (wd:P7419 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): genders educated at this educational institution
7. academic major, also known as major, subject, studied, college major, academic subject (wd:P812 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): major someone studied at college/university
8. editor, also known as associate editor, compiled by, ed., edited by, editorial director (wd:P98 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): person who checks and corrects a work (such as a book, newspaper...o establishes the text of an ancient written work or manuscript.
9. has role in modeling, also known as has role in modelling, used to study, used to research, used to investigate, used for studying (wd:P6530 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): relation between a research artefact and an entity that is used ... its replicating or approximating features of the studied entity
10. academic degree, also known as academic diploma, degree, diploma (wd:P512 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): academic degree that the person holds

[Assistant] Next I'll verify the property for "date of birth" (expected P569) in Wikidata. I'll search for that property now.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. date of birth, also known as year of birth, DOB, born on, birthyear, born (wd:P569 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): date on which the subject was born, subproperty of inception
2. place of birth, also known as location born, POB, location of birth, born in, born at (wd:P19 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, subproperty of location
3. birthday, also known as birth day, b-day, bday (wd:P3150 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): item for day and month on which the subject was born. Used when full "date of birth" (P569) isn't known., subproperty of date of birth
4. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, subproperty of country
5. commemorates, also known as anniversary of, monument to, memorial to, memorializes, marks (wd:P547 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): what the place, monument, memorial, or holiday, commemorates, subproperty of main subject
6. birth name, also known as name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né, nee (wd:P1477 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, subproperty of name
7. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): subproperty of dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, subproperty of end time
8. inception, also known as inception date, founding date, founded in, founded on date, founded on (wd:P571 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, subproperty of start time
9. website username or ID, also known as website username, website ID, handle, username in social media, username (wd:P554 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): username or identifier on a website that the person or movement ... account on, for use as qualifier of "website account on" (P553)
10. pseudonym, also known as nom de plume, stage name, nom-de-plume, nome de guerre, pen name (wd:P742 as psv/psn/prn/prv/pqn/p/pq/wdtn/wdt/pqv/ps/pr): alias used by someone (for nickname use P1449), subproperty of name

[Assistant]
I have the entity for the University of Washington (wd:Q219563) and the properties:
- educated at (P69)
- academic degree (P512)
- date of birth (P569)

Next, I'll construct a SPARQL query:
- Find all humans (?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5) with wdt:P69 wd:Q219563 (educated at University of Washington).
- Ensure they do NOT have an academic degree qualifier on that same statement. This is trickier: the rule is "attended the University of Washington but does not have an academic degree qualifier". That means for the P69 statement with University of Washington, there must be no qualifier of property P512. We need to check statements, not just presence of any P512 on the person. We must ensure the specific P69 statement has no P512 qualifier.
In Wikidata RDF, qualifiers are represented by the statement node with ps:p given and pq:p for qualifiers. To check absence of qualifier, we can select P69 statements (using ?s p:P69 ?stmt; ?stmt ps:P69 wd:Q219563), and then ensure there's no pq:P512 on ?stmt (FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?stmt pq:P512 ?degree }).
Return ?person and optional ?dob, order by dob desc, limit 500.

I'll build that query and execute it.

[Tool]
Got 500 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                         | personLabel                         | dob                                 |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Parker Brailsford (wd:Q124301080)              | Parker Brailsford (en)              | 2003-10-20T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Rome Odunze (wd:Q114564449)                    | Rome Odunze (en)                    | 2002-06-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Roger Rosengarten (wd:Q124332486)              | Roger Rosengarten (en)              | 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Jabbar Muhammad (wd:Q123582942)                | Jabbar Muhammad (en)                | 2001-12-28T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Jalen McMillan (wd:Q113843993)                 | Jalen McMillan (en)                 | 2001-12-07T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                            | ...                                 | ...                                 |
| Leslie Denise Pinnel Salisbury (wd:Q102250992) | Leslie Denise Pinnel Salisbury (en) | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Greg Ridgeway (wd:Q23939878)                   | Greg Ridgeway (en)                  | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Thomas Huynh (wd:Q15430457)                    | Thomas Huynh (en)                   | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Joe Puryear (wd:Q16740238)                     | Joe Puryear (en)                    | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| JiYeon Choi (wd:Q88374383)                     | JiYeon Choi (en)                    | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a cleaned-up SPARQL query that finds humans with a P69 (educated at) statement pointing to University of Washington (wd:Q219563) where that specific P69 statement has no P512 (academic degree) qualifier. I'll request the person's IRI, English label (optional), and date of birth (optional). I'll order by date of birth descending and limit to 500.

[Tool]
Got 500 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| person                                         | personLabel                         | dob                                 |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Parker Brailsford (wd:Q124301080)              | Parker Brailsford (en)              | 2003-10-20T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Rome Odunze (wd:Q114564449)                    | Rome Odunze (en)                    | 2002-06-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Roger Rosengarten (wd:Q124332486)              | Roger Rosengarten (en)              | 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Jabbar Muhammad (wd:Q123582942)                | Jabbar Muhammad (en)                | 2001-12-28T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Jalen McMillan (wd:Q113843993)                 | Jalen McMillan (en)                 | 2001-12-07T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| ...                                            | ...                                 | ...                                 |
| Leslie Denise Pinnel Salisbury (wd:Q102250992) | Leslie Denise Pinnel Salisbury (en) | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Greg Ridgeway (wd:Q23939878)                   | Greg Ridgeway (en)                  | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Thomas Huynh (wd:Q15430457)                    | Thomas Huynh (en)                   | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Joe Puryear (wd:Q16740238)                     | Joe Puryear (en)                    | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| JiYeon Choi (wd:Q88374383)                     | JiYeon Choi (en)                    | 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll now return the final SPARQL query I used and summarize the results I obtained when executing it (500 rows were returned). The query finds humans with a P69 (educated at) statement pointing to the University of Washington (wd:Q219563) where that specific P69 statement has no academic degree (P512) qualifier, optionally returning date of birth (P569), ordered by date of birth descending and limited to 500. I'll include a few example results from the executed query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process