PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?genre ?genreLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1203 wdt:P136 ?genre .
  ?genre rdfs:label ?genreLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?genreLabel ) = "en" )
}

Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| genre                            | genreLabel              |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| rock music (wd:Q11399)           | rock music (en)         |
| experimental music (wd:Q1640319) | experimental music (en) |
| experimental rock (wd:Q1641839)  | experimental rock (en)  |
| blues rock (wd:Q193355)          | blues rock (en)         |
| psychedelic rock (wd:Q206159)    | psychedelic rock (en)   |
| ...                              | ...                     |
| pop music (wd:Q37073)            | pop music (en)          |
| pop rock (wd:Q484641)            | pop rock (en)           |
| beat music (wd:Q546264)          | beat music (en)         |
| rock and roll (wd:Q7749)         | rock and roll (en)      |
| hard rock (wd:Q83270)            | hard rock (en)          |

John Lennon sang various types of music including rock music, experimental music, experimental rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, pop music, pop rock, beat music, rock and roll, and hard rock.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what type of music did john lennon sing?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is ellis park rugby stadium?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q182081 wdt:P276 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Ellis Park Stadium, also known as Emirates Airline Park, Ellis Park, Coca-Cola Park (wd:Q182081): stadium in Johannesburg, South Africa

Using properties:
location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

Example 2:
Question:
what influenced langston hughes to write?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q188093 wdt:P737 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Langston Hughes, also known as James Langston Hughes, James Mercer Langston Hughes (wd:Q188093): (1901-1967) American writer and social activist, opinion journalist, children's writer, biographer, journalist, playwright, novelist, essayist, writer, poet

Using properties:
influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as wdt): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”

Example 3:
Question:
who miley cyrus engaged to?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q4235 wdt:P26 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Miley Cyrus, also known as Miley Ray Hemsworth, Miley Ray Cyrus, Miley Cyrus Love, Smiley Miley, Miley R. Cyrus (wd:Q4235): American singer, actress, and television personality (born 1992), television producer, singer-songwriter, television actor, voice actor, film actor, composer, singer, actor

Using properties:
spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative

[Assistant]
The question is about the type of music John Lennon sang. This relates to the musical genre associated with John Lennon.

Step 1: Identify the entity for John Lennon.
Step 2: Identify the property that relates a musician or singer to the type or genre of music they performed or sang.

I will start by searching for the entity "John Lennon" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. John Lennon, also known as John Winston Ono Lennon, John Ono Lennon (wd:Q1203): British musician (1940–1980), political activist, singer-songwriter, recording artist, record producer, peace activist, public figure, film director, film producer, prose writer, film actor, guitarist, composer, painter, pianist, singer, writer, actor, poet
2. Liverpool John Lennon Airport, also known as John Lennon, John Lennon airport, Liverpool Airport, Liverpool (John Lennon), LPL (wd:Q8727): airport in Liverpool, England
3. John Lennon Silva Santos, also known as John Lennon (wd:Q6244563): association football player, Brazilian footballer
4. John Brown Lennon, also known as John B. Lennon, John Lennon (wd:Q6223555): American labor leader (1850–1923), trade unionist
5. John Lennon, also known as J. John Lennon, Justin John Lennon (wd:Q11979004): Scottish tourism researcher, university teacher, tourism scholar
6. John Lennon (wd:Q65548791): Irish hurler born 1996
7. John Lennon (wd:Q6244553): British naval captain, military personnel
8. John Lennon (wd:Q12871620): 1855 - 3 Aug 1921
9. John Lennon (wd:Q125643070): 2005 edition of written work by Jordi Sierra i Fabra
10. John Lennon (wd:Q106781630): 2015 song by SCH

[Assistant] The entity for John Lennon as a British musician and singer-songwriter is wd:Q1203. Now I will search for properties related to music genre or type of music for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
2. member of, also known as band member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group, be member of (wd:P463 as p/wdt): organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs...ical position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that), part of
3. AllMusic artist ID, also known as AllMusic, AllMusic ID, amg artist (wd:P1728 as p/wdt): identifier for an artist, musical group, or record label in the AllMusic database (record labels are listed as "artists")
4. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as p/wdt): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses
5. record label, also known as label, labels (wd:P264 as p/wdt): brand and trademark associated with the marketing of subject music recordings and music videos
6. Apple Music artist ID (U.S. version), also known as iTunes author ID, music.apple.com/artist/, iTunes artist ID (American version), https://music.apple.com/artist/, Apple Music artist ID (American version) (wd:P2850 as p/wdt): identifier for a musical artist or author in the U.S. version of Apple Music
7. voice type, also known as range of voice, register, tessitura, type of voice, vocal type (wd:P412 as p/wdt): person's voice type. expected values: soprano, mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor, tenor, baritone, bass (and derivatives)
8. MusicBrainz artist ID, also known as MB artist ID, MBID artist (wd:P434 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier for an artist in the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia
9. Songfacts artist ID (wd:P5287 as p/wdt): identifier for an artist on the Songfacts website
10. discography, also known as discography link, recording catalog (wd:P358 as p/wdt): item for list pages with discography of artist or band, list of works

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "genre" (wdt:P136) is the appropriate property to find the type of music John Lennon sang. I will now write a SPARQL query to get the genres of music associated with John Lennon (wd:Q1203).

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| genre                            | genreLabel              |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| rock music (wd:Q11399)           | rock music (en)         |
| experimental music (wd:Q1640319) | experimental music (en) |
| experimental rock (wd:Q1641839)  | experimental rock (en)  |
| blues rock (wd:Q193355)          | blues rock (en)         |
| psychedelic rock (wd:Q206159)    | psychedelic rock (en)   |
| ...                              | ...                     |
| pop music (wd:Q37073)            | pop music (en)          |
| pop rock (wd:Q484641)            | pop rock (en)           |
| beat music (wd:Q546264)          | beat music (en)         |
| rock and roll (wd:Q7749)         | rock and roll (en)      |
| hard rock (wd:Q83270)            | hard rock (en)          |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q39607 wdt:P20 ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?placeOfDeathLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                      | placeOfDeathLabel         |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| place de la Concorde (wd:Q189503) | place de la Concorde (en) |

Antoine Lavoisier died at Place de la Concorde.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did antoine lavoisier die?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where did sergio romo go to college?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q3041597 wdt:P69 ?x .
  ?x wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q38723 .
}

Using entities:
Sergio Romo, also known as Sergio Francisco Romo (wd:Q3041597): American baseball pitcher, baseball player
higher education institution, also known as HEI, Higher Education school, institution of higher education, Superior Institute (wd:Q38723): institution that provides higher education (e.g., universities, ...es, liberal arts colleges, institutes of technology, and others)

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation

Example 2:
Question:
where did roger moore live?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q134333 wdt:P551 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Roger Moore, also known as Sir Roger Moore, Sir Roger George Moore (wd:Q134333): English actor (1927–2017), television producer, television director, military personnel, television actor, autobiographer, film producer, voice actor, stage actor, film actor, actor

Using properties:
residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location

Example 3:
Question:
where does frida kahlo live now?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q5588 wdt:P551 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Frida Kahlo, also known as Mrs. Diego Rivera, Magdalena Carmen Frieda Kahlo y Calderon, Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón, Frida Kahlo Calderón, Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderon (wd:Q5588): Mexican painter (1907–1954), painter

Using properties:
residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location

[Assistant]
The question is "where did Antoine Lavoisier die?" We want to find the place of death of Antoine Lavoisier.

Step 1: Identify the entity for Antoine Lavoisier.
Step 2: Identify the property for place of death.

I will start by searching for the entity "Antoine Lavoisier" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Antoine Lavoisier, also known as Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (wd:Q39607): French chemist, administrator, astronomer, biologist, physicist, economist, academic, chemist, lawyer, writer
2. Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q59073688): scientific article published in Nature
3. Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q18147111): sculpture by Jacques-Léonard Maillet
4. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q21685186): encyclopedic article
5. résidence Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q113413611): street in Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France
6. Antoine de Lavoisier (wd:Q108838701)
7. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q74018917): scientific article published on 01 May 1956
8. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q69311401): scientific article published on 01 July 1973
9. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q41051602): scientific article
10. rue Antoine de Lavoisier (wd:Q112065256): street in Rungis, France

[Assistant] The entity for Antoine Lavoisier is wd:Q39607. Now I will search for the property related to "place of death" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as p/wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
2. place of burial, also known as interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as p/wdt): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., location
3. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as p/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
4. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as p/wdt): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
5. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as p/wdt): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
6. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
7. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
8. Find a Grave memorial ID, also known as FaG ID, FaGID, Find A Grave grave ID, Findagrave ID, Find A Grave memorial ID (wd:P535 as p/wdt): identifier of an individual's burial place in the Find a Grave database
9. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
10. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception

No other items found

[Assistant] The property for place of death is wd:P20. Now I will write a SPARQL query to get the place of death of Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q39607) using the property place of death (wdt:P20). I will also include the label of the place of death for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                      | placeOfDeathLabel         |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| place de la Concorde (wd:Q189503) | place de la Concorde (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?college ?collegeLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q117425 wdt:P69 ?college .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?college rdfs:label ?collegeLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?collegeLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| college                               | collegeLabel                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| University of Tulsa (wd:Q1848657)     | University of Tulsa (en)     |
| Will Rogers High School (wd:Q8003051) | Will Rogers High School (en) |

S. E. Hinton attended the University of Tulsa and Will Rogers High School.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what college did se hinton go?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what voice does hank azaria do on the simpsons?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q886 p:P725 ?p .
  ?p ps:P725 wd:Q202056 ; pq:P453 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Hank Azaria, also known as Henry Albert "Hank" Azaria, Henry Albert Azaria (wd:Q202056): television producer, television actor, American actor, film director, screenwriter, voice actor, stage actor, film actor, dub actor, actor
The Simpsons (wd:Q886): American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening

Using properties:
character role, also known as role, plays, performer of, as, acting role (wd:P453 as pq): specific role played or filled by subject -- use only as qualifier of "cast member" (P161), "voice actor" (P725)
voice actor, also known as voice actors, voice dubber, voice actress, voice actresses, voiced by (wd:P725 as p/ps): performer of a spoken role in a creative work such as animation,... (P453) as qualifier] [use "cast member" (P161) for live acting], film crew member, cast member

Example 2:
Question:
where john tyler was born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q11881 wdt:P19 ?x .
}

Using entities:
John Tyler, also known as John Tyler, Jr., J. Tyler, President Tyler, John Tyler Jr, John Tyler, Jr (wd:Q11881): president of the United States from 1841 to 1845, statesperson, politician, lawyer

Using properties:
place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

Example 3:
Question:
what language do iraqi people speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q796 wdt:P37 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Iraq, also known as iq, IRQ, Republic of Iraq (wd:Q796): sovereign state in Western Asia

Using properties:
official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used

[Assistant] I have seen examples of how to query for educational institutions attended by a person. Now I will search for the entity "S.E. Hinton" in Wikidata to find her identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hinton, also known as Hinton, IA, Hinton, Iowa (wd:Q1846529): city in Iowa, United States
2. Hinton, also known as Hinton, West Virginia, Hinton, WV (wd:Q1814667): city in Summers County, West Virginia, United States
3. Hinton, also known as Hinton, OK, Hinton, Oklahoma (wd:Q2392475): human settlement in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States of America
4. Hinton (wd:Q1016692): town in Alberta, Canada
5. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Gloucestershire (wd:Q9292337): village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
6. Hinton, also known as Hinton, New South Wales, Hinton, New South Wales, Australia (wd:Q5767625): town in New South Wales, Australia
7. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Northamptonshire (wd:Q5767637): village in Northamptonshire, UK
8. Hinton (wd:Q5767639): village in South Gloucestershire, England, UK
9. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Hampshire (wd:Q578860): hamlet in Hampshire, UK
10. Southeast, also known as SE, Southeast Washington, Southeast Washington, D.C., Southeast Washington, DC, Southeast, Washington, D.C. (wd:Q3492300): southeastern quadrant of Washington, D.C.

[Assistant] I did not find an exact match for "S.E. Hinton" in the search results. I will try searching for "SE Hinton" without the dots to see if there is a better match.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Sebastian Hinton (wd:Q55532855): lawyer, inventor of the Jungle gym, lawyer
2. Sean Hinton (wd:Q115735561): Founder and Chief Executive Officer - SkyHive
3. Sedum hintonii (wd:Q15128167): species of plant
4. Sechium hintonii (wd:Q15537806): species of plant
5. Sebastiania hintonii (wd:Q15381122): species of plant
6. Sedum hintoniorum (wd:Q17773683): species of plant
7. Senecio hintonii (wd:Q15596264): species of plant
8. Senecio hintoniorum (wd:Q15596465): species of plant
9. Hinton Sewage Pond Dam (wd:Q34836139): dam in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States of America
10. Salvia sect. Hintoniana (wd:Q129574204)

[Assistant] I still did not find the exact entity for "S.E. Hinton." I will try searching for just "Hinton" and then look for any entities related to authors or writers that might match S.E. Hinton.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hinton, also known as Hinton, IA, Hinton, Iowa (wd:Q1846529): city in Iowa, United States
2. Hinton, also known as Hinton, West Virginia, Hinton, WV (wd:Q1814667): city in Summers County, West Virginia, United States
3. Hinton, also known as Hinton, OK, Hinton, Oklahoma (wd:Q2392475): human settlement in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States of America
4. Hinton (wd:Q1016692): town in Alberta, Canada
5. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Gloucestershire (wd:Q9292337): village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
6. Hinton, also known as Hinton, New South Wales, Hinton, New South Wales, Australia (wd:Q5767625): town in New South Wales, Australia
7. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Northamptonshire (wd:Q5767637): village in Northamptonshire, UK
8. Hinton (wd:Q5767639): village in South Gloucestershire, England, UK
9. Hinton, also known as Hinton, Hampshire (wd:Q578860): hamlet in Hampshire, UK
10. Hinton (wd:Q12791001): family name

[Assistant] I found an entity for the family name "Hinton" but not specifically for S.E. Hinton. I will try searching for "S E Hinton" with spaces instead of dots or no dots.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. S. E. Hinton, also known as Susan Eloise Hinton (wd:Q117425): children's writer, American writer, autobiographer, screenwriter, film actor, novelist, writer
2. S. E. Hinton bibliography (wd:Q7387461)
3. Scott, Edward Hinton (wd:Q96779104): entry in the Royal Naval Biography
4. Eric Hinton Stewart (wd:Q75742435): (born 1899)
5. Edward Hinton Scott (wd:Q108103196): British Royal Navy officer, captain in 1838 (1789-?), naval officer
6. Scott, Edward Hinton (NBD) (wd:Q24022213): entry in the Naval Biographical Dictionary
7. High Stakes with Ed Hinton (wd:Q114502643): episode of The Roy Rogers Show (S6 E11)
8. Hinton Ampner C Of E Primary School (wd:Q26448924): school building in Hinton Ampner, Hampshire, England, UK
9. Hinton St George Church of England School (wd:Q66163957): school in Somerset, UK
10. Broad Hinton Church of England Primary School (wd:Q66164603): school in Wiltshire, UK

[Assistant] I found the entity for S. E. Hinton (Susan Eloise Hinton) with the identifier wd:Q117425. Now I will search for the property related to the college or educational institution she attended.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as p/wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
2. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
3. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
4. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
5. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
6. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
7. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
8. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
9. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as p/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
10. DBC author ID, also known as DBC (wd:P3846 as p/wdt): identifier for authors set by the Danish Bibliographic Centre

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "educated at" (wdt:P69) is the relevant property for the educational institution or college attended by S. E. Hinton. I will now write a SPARQL query to find the college or educational institution attended by S. E. Hinton (wd:Q117425).

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| college                               | collegeLabel                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| University of Tulsa (wd:Q1848657)     | University of Tulsa (en)     |
| Will Rogers High School (wd:Q8003051) | Will Rogers High School (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?location ?locationLabel ?adminEntity ?adminEntityLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q12800833 wdt:P276 ?location .
  OPTIONAL {
    wd:Q12800833 wdt:P131 ?adminEntity
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?location rdfs:label ?locationLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?locationLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?adminEntity rdfs:label ?adminEntityLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?adminEntityLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 10

The NATO Headquarters are located in Haren, which is part of the City of Brussels, Belgium.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where are the nato headquarters located?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what state did roger sherman represent at the constitutional convention?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q405475 p:P710 ?p .
  ?p ps:P710 wd:Q354721 ; pq:P768 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Roger Sherman (wd:Q354721): early American lawyer and politician, Founding Father of the United States (1721-1793), statesperson, politician, diplomat, lawyer, judge
Constitutional Convention, also known as Federal Convention, Grand Convention at Philadelphia, Philadelphia Convention (wd:Q405475): event taking place from May 25 to September 17, 1787 in Philadel...ania, that led to the creation of the United States Constitution

Using properties:
participant, also known as suspect, player, party, participants, has participant (wd:P710 as p/ps): person, group of people or organization (object) that actively t...ct has role" (P3831). Use P1923 for participants that are teams., significant person
electoral district, also known as riding, seat, ward, electoral area, electorate (wd:P768 as pq): electoral district this person is representing, or of the office... or "office contested" (P541) or "candidacy in election" (P3602)

Example 2:
Question:
what is the syracuse university mascot?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q617433 wdt:P822 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Syracuse University, also known as Cuse, 'Cuse, University of Syracuse, syr.edu, Syracuse.edu (wd:Q617433): private university in Syracuse, New York, United States

Using properties:
mascot (wd:P822 as wdt): mascot of an organization, e.g. a sports team or university

Example 3:
Question:
what place did thomas jefferson died?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q11812 wdt:P20 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Thomas Jefferson, also known as T. Jefferson, President Jefferson (wd:Q11812): president of the United States from 1801 to 1809, paleontologist, cryptographer, archaeologist, planter class, statesperson, philosopher, politician, architect, inventor, diplomat, teacher, jurist, writer, lawyer

Using properties:
place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the approach is to identify the entity (NATO headquarters) and then find the property that links it to its location.

Step 1: Identify the entity for NATO headquarters.
Step 2: Find the property that relates NATO headquarters to its location.
Step 3: Query the location of NATO headquarters.

I will start by searching for the entity "NATO headquarters" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. NATO Headquarters, also known as NATO HQ, North Atlantic Treaty Organization Headquarters (wd:Q12800833): headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, at Haren, in Brussels, Belgium
2. NORTHAG War Headquarters Cannerberg, also known as NATO Headquarters Cannerberg (wd:Q15087227): cold War-era NATO communications center and wartime HQ in Belgium
3. 2005 NATO Headquarters summit (wd:Q3489950): 2005 NATO summit meeting in Brussels, Belgium
4. 2001 NATO Headquarters summit (wd:Q3489949): 2001 NATO summit meeting in Brussels, Belgium
5. Dauphine University Centre, also known as Headquarters of NATO in Paris, NATO Headquarters Porte Dauphine (wd:Q2946095): campus in Paris, former headquarters of NATO
6. NATO Special Operations Headquarters, also known as NSHQ (wd:Q16320399): organization
7. 2009 NATO Afghanistan headquarters bombing (wd:Q4614365): bomb attacks
8. JFC Alliance Theatre, also known as Alliance Theater, NATO Joint Force Headquarters Brunssum Theater (wd:Q38240328): cinema in Brunssum, Netherlands
9. NATO, also known as North Atlantic Treaty Organization, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, NATO Alliance, North Atlantic Alliance (wd:Q7184): intergovernmental military alliance between 32 member states
10. headquarters, also known as corporate domicile, commercial domicile, principal place of business, main office, HQ (wd:Q7540126): primary location of leadership and coordination of an organization

[Assistant]
The entity "NATO Headquarters" is identified as wd:Q12800833, which is the headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization located in Brussels, Belgium.

Next, I will search for properties of this entity that might indicate its location. I will search for properties related to location or place for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as p/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
2. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as p/wdt): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
3. occupant, also known as tenant, resident, renter, occupiers, lessee (wd:P466 as p/wdt): person or organization occupying property, used by
4. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as p/wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
5. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
6. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as p/wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
7. located on street, also known as on street, street address, street, square, road (wd:P669 as p/wdt): street, road, or square, where the item is located. To add the n...perty P6375 "street address", if there is no item for the street, location, part of
8. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The relevant properties for location of NATO Headquarters (wd:Q12800833) are:
- location (wdt:P276)
- coordinate location (wdt:P625)
- located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131)
- country (wdt:P17)
- located on street (wdt:P669)

I will now query the location (wdt:P276) and the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) of NATO Headquarters to get its location.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Error while executing a SERVICE request to <http://wikiba.se:80/ontology#label>: SERVICE responded with HTTP status code: 301, Moved Permanently. First 100 bytes of the response: '<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently'

[Assistant] The query failed because the SERVICE wikibase:label is not supported by the endpoint. I will rewrite the query without using SERVICE wikibase:label and instead use optional clauses with rdfs:label to get the labels.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| location           | locationLabel | adminEntity                | adminEntityLabel      |
| ------------------ | ------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Haren (wd:Q672888) | Haren (en)    | City of Brussels (wd:Q239) | City of Brussels (en) |

[Assistant]
The NATO Headquarters (wd:Q12800833) is located in Haren (wd:Q672888), which is part of the City of Brussels (wd:Q239).

I will now finalize the answer with this information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?book ?bookLabel WHERE {
  ?book wdt:P50 wd:Q207 .
  ?book wdt:P577 ?publicationDate .
  FILTER ( ?publicationDate = "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) OPTIONAL {
    ?book rdfs:label ?bookLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?bookLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 1

The title of George Bush's newest book is "Portraits of Courage" authored by George W. Bush and published in 2017.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the title of george bush's new book?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what killed sammy davis jr?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q297816 wdt:P509 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Sammy Davis Jr., also known as Samuel George Davis Jr., Sammy Davis Jr (wd:Q297816): American entertainer (1925–1990), vaudeville performer, television presenter, television actor, recording artist, autobiographer, jazz musician, entertainer, stage actor, film actor, singer, dancer, actor

Using properties:
cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as wdt): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide

Example 2:
Question:
which kennedy died first?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?x wdt:P53 wd:Q34821 ; wdt:P570 ?y .
}
ORDER BY ?y
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Kennedy family, also known as Kennedy Clan, Kennedy Dynasty (wd:Q34821): prominent political family in the United States

Using properties:
family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as wdt): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time

Example 3:
Question:
who are the famous athletes in kenya?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?x wdt:P31 wd:Q5 ; wdt:P27 wd:Q114 ; wdt:P106 ?p .
  ?p wdt:P279 + wd:Q2066131 .
}

Using entities:
Kenya, also known as ke, Republic of Kenya, KEN, KE (wd:Q114): country in Eastern Africa
athlete, also known as athletes, sports competitor, sportsman, sportsperson, sportswoman (wd:Q2066131): person who participates regularly in a sport
human, also known as human being, person, people, nonfictional human, non-fictional human (wd:Q5): any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo

Using properties:
occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

[Assistant]
The question is about the title of George Bush's new book. First, I need to identify which George Bush is meant (likely either George H. W. Bush or George W. Bush) and then find the book authored by him that is the newest. Finally, I will retrieve the title of that book.

Step 1: Search for entities named "George Bush" to identify the relevant George Bush entities in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. George W. Bush, also known as GWB, POTUS 43, George Bush, President Bush, Bush Jr. (wd:Q207): President of the United States from 2001 to 2009, motivational speaker, rugby union player, military officer, autobiographer, businessperson, statesperson, politician, financier, painter
2. George H. W. Bush, also known as G H W Bush, George W. Bush Senior, GHWB, GHW Bush, G.H.W. Bush (wd:Q23505): President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, baseball player, aircraft pilot, autobiographer, naval officer, statesperson, entrepreneur, politician, diplomat
3. George Bush (wd:Q5537488): American biblical scholar and pastor (1796–1859), pastor, writer
4. George Bush, also known as George Edward Bush (wd:Q28445429): association football player (1883-1936), association football player
5. George Bush (wd:Q5537484): racing driver, engineer
6. George Bush, also known as Simmons (wd:Q107224832): person in the Aberdeen Register of Returned Convicts 1869-1939
7. George Bush (wd:Q47512688): painting by Daniel Bennett Schwartz
8. George Bush (wd:Q47509378): painting by Ronald N. Sherr
9. George Bush (wd:Q100766406): basketball player
10. George Bush [bushgeorg0026233] (wd:Q103871655): article in Electronic Enlightenment

[Assistant]
There are two main George Bush entities likely relevant for the question:
1. George W. Bush (wd:Q207) - President of the United States from 2001 to 2009
2. George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) - President of the United States from 1989 to 1993

Both have been autobiographers, so both could have written books. I will now search for books authored by each of these two entities to find the newest book and its title. Let's start with George W. Bush (wd:Q207).

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] No direct books authored by George W. Bush (wd:Q207) found using property wdt:P50 (author). I will try to find books where George W. Bush is the author using a different approach by searching for works authored by him.

[Tool]
Got 400 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                      | property         | object                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------- | ------------------------ |
| Decision Points (wd:Q942966)                                 | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Mission Accomplished speech (wd:Q3316780)                    | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13224 (wd:Q5419884)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13470 (wd:Q1383597)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| 41: A Portrait of My Father (wd:Q18786479)                   | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Proclamation 7750 of the President of the USA (wd:Q18330735) | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Presidential Radio Address - 26 July 2008 (wd:Q19052002)     | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Portraits of Courage (wd:Q29097574)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| A Charge to Keep (wd:Q4655824)                               | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13233 (wd:Q5419885)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| ...                                                          | ...              | ...                      |

[Assistant]
George W. Bush has authored several works including books. Some of the books are "Decision Points" (wd:Q942966), "41: A Portrait of My Father" (wd:Q18786479), "Portraits of Courage" (wd:Q29097574), and "A Charge to Keep" (wd:Q4655824).

Now I will check the publication dates of these books to find the newest one. I will start by querying the publication date (P577) for these books.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| book                                | bookLabel                 | publicationDate                     |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Portraits of Courage (wd:Q29097574) | Portraits of Courage (en) | 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant]
The newest book authored by George W. Bush is "Portraits of Courage" published in 2017.

Now, I will check if there is any newer book authored by George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) to be sure.

[Tool]
Got 382 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                 | property         | object                        |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Read my lips: no new taxes (wd:Q455923) | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Executive Order 12711 (wd:Q5419868)     | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Executive Order 13139 (wd:Q19104080)    | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| All the Best (wd:Q17511147)             | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6333 (wd:Q19074965)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6338 (wd:Q19075023)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6342 (wd:Q19075042)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6362 (wd:Q19075165)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6368 (wd:Q19075205)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| Proclamation 6381 (wd:Q19075280)        | author (wdt:P50) | George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505) |
| ...                                     | ...              | ...                           |

[Assistant]
George H. W. Bush has authored several works including books. One of the books is "All the Best" (wd:Q17511147).

I will now check the publication date of "All the Best" to see if it is newer than 2017.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| book                        | bookLabel         | publicationDate                     |
| --------------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| All the Best (wd:Q17511147) | All the Best (en) | 1999-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant]
The book "All the Best" by George H. W. Bush was published in 1999, which is older than the newest book by George W. Bush.

Therefore, the newest book by George Bush is "Portraits of Courage" by George W. Bush.

I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?placeOfBirth ?placeOfBirthLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q36844 wdt:P19 ?placeOfBirth .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfBirth rdfs:label ?placeOfBirthLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?placeOfBirthLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfBirth               | placeOfBirthLabel  |
| -------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Saint Michael (wd:Q819170) | Saint Michael (en) |

Rihanna was born in Saint Michael, Barbados. While there is no direct property for where she was raised, it is common that the place of birth is often the place where a person is raised, especially if no other information is available.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where was rihanna raised?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is christina aguilera from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q41594 wdt:P19 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Christina Aguilera, also known as X tina, Xtina, X-tina, Christine Aguilera, Christina María Aguilera (wd:Q41594): American singer, songwriter and actress, music video director, singer-songwriter, recording artist, record producer, film director, film producer, entrepreneur, voice actor, musician, composer, dancer, model, actor

Using properties:
place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

Example 2:
Question:
when did the red sox win the pennant?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?y wdt:P3450 wd:Q265538 ; p:P1923 ?z ; wdt:P585 ?x .
  ?z ps:P1923 wd:Q213959 .
}

Using entities:
Boston Red Sox, also known as Sox, redsoxs, RedSox, Red Sox, redsox (wd:Q213959): baseball team and Major League Baseball franchise in Boston, Massachusetts, United States
World Series, also known as Fall Classic (wd:Q265538): Championship of Major League Baseball

Using properties:
participating team, also known as teams (wd:P1923 as p/ps): like 'Participant' (P710) but for teams. For an event like a cyc...member of sports team' (P54) as a qualifier for the individuals), participant
sports season of league or competition, also known as sport season, seasons of, edition of annual athletics meeting, season of sports tournament, season of sports league (wd:P3450 as wdt): property that shows the competition of which the item is a season. Use P5138 for "season of club or team"., part of
point in time, also known as at time, as of, year, when, time of event (wd:P585 as wdt): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)

Example 3:
Question:
what countries did queen victoria reign over?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q9439 wdt:P39 ?y .
  ?y wdt:P1001 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Victoria, also known as Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, Victoria of the United Kingdom, Victoria Hanover, Alexandrina Victoria von Hannover, Victoria Alexandrina (wd:Q9439): Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901, monarch

Using properties:
applies to jurisdiction, also known as belongs to jurisdiction, applies to territorial jurisdiction, applies to region, applies to place, applies to geographic place (wd:P1001 as wdt): the item (institution, law, public office, public register...) o...a territorial jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...), significant place, characteristic of, operating area
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office

[Assistant]
The examples show how to find places related to a person, such as place of birth or where they are from. For Rihanna, we want to find where she was raised. This is often represented by the property "place of upbringing" or similar in Wikidata.

Next, I will search for the entity "Rihanna" in Wikidata to get her identifier. Then I will look for properties related to "raised" or "upbringing" for Rihanna.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Rihanna, also known as Barbadian singer, Rihana, Robyn Fenty, Robyn Rihanna Fenty (wd:Q36844): Barbadian singer and actress, singer
2. Rihanna (wd:Q751012): 2010 photo-book
3. Rihanna (wd:Q17136804): female given name
4. Rihanna (wd:Q65090823): 2017 single by Yxng Bane
5. Rihanna (wd:Q17146308): single  by Orezi
6. Rihanna (wd:Q120757612): original song written by Camille Dhont, and performed by Camille
7. Rihanna (wd:Q119197664)
8. Rihanna (wd:Q119197546)
9. Rihanna (wd:Q120757609): vocal track by Camille; 2023 studio recording
10. Rihanna Twitter account, also known as @rihanna, twitter.com/rihanna (wd:Q65676172): Twitter account of Rihanna

[Assistant] The entity for Rihanna, the Barbadian singer and actress, is wd:Q36844. Now I will search for properties related to "raised" or "upbringing" for this entity to find the relevant property that indicates where she was raised.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. wears, also known as wore, wearing, uniform, outfit, garment (wd:P3828 as p/wdt): clothing or accessory worn on subject's body, item operated
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
4. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
5. height, also known as heighth, size, depth over terrain (wd:P2048 as p/wdt): vertical length of an entity, length
6. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
7. owner of, also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt): entities owned by the subject
8. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as p/wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
9. influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as p/wdt): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”
10. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as p/wdt): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct property related to "raised" or "upbringing" found for Rihanna. The closest relevant property might be "place of birth" (wdt:P19), but this is not necessarily where she was raised.

I will try searching for the property "place of upbringing" or similar in general to see if such a property exists in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
4. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
5. parent, also known as guardian, parents (wd:P8810 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): parent of the subject. Only use if neither father (P22) nor mother (P25) nor stepparent (P3448) is applicable., relative
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. personality trait of fictional character, also known as personality trait, personality trait of fictitious character, personal quality of fictional character, fictitious character personality trait, personal quality of fictitious character (wd:P9652 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): particular personality trait which applies to this fictional character
8. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
9. indigenous to, also known as native to, originating from, spoken by (wd:P2341 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): place or ethnic group where a language, art genre, cultural trad...biological species or variety is found (or was originally found)
10. lifestyle, also known as diet, follows lifestyle, has lifestyle, life style (wd:P1576 as pqn/pr/psv/wdtn/pqv/ps/wdt/p/pq/psn/prv/prn): typical way of life of an individual, group, or culture

[Assistant]
There is no specific property for "place of upbringing" or "raised" in Wikidata. The closest relevant property is "place of birth" (wdt:P19).

I will now query for Rihanna's place of birth as a proxy for where she was raised, since the exact place of upbringing is not directly available. I will also try to get the label of the place.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfBirth               | placeOfBirthLabel  |
| -------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Saint Michael (wd:Q819170) | Saint Michael (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?start ?end WHERE {
  wd:Q91 p:P39 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P39 wd:Q11696 ; pq:P580 ?start .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?statement pq:P582 ?end
  }
}

Abraham Lincoln was president from March 4, 1861 to April 15, 1865.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when was abe lincoln president?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who won american idol 2006 season 5?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q2666341 wdt:P1346 ?x .
}

Using entities:
American Idol, season 5 (wd:Q2666341): season of television series

Using properties:
winner, also known as nominee, prizewinner, titleholder, top dog, victor (wd:P1346 as wdt): winner of a competition or similar event, not to be used for awa...ssibly qualified with "for work" (P1686)) or for wars or battles, participating team, participant

Example 2:
Question:
where does danny ainge live?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q918347 wdt:P551 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Danny Ainge, also known as Daniel Ray Ainge (wd:Q918347): American basketball executive and former player, and baseball player, basketball player, basketball coach, baseball player, businessperson

Using properties:
residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location

Example 3:
Question:
what bass does jared followill use?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?x wdt:P279 * wd:Q810447 ; wdt:P1535 wd:Q3622348 .
}

Using entities:
Jared Followill (wd:Q3622348): American bassist and guitarist, songwriter, guitarist, bassist
bass, also known as bass instrument (wd:Q810447): any of a number of music instruments which produce low pitched tones

Using properties:
used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as wdt): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain

[Assistant]
The question is about the time period when Abe Lincoln was president. We need to find the entity for Abe Lincoln and then find the property that relates to his presidency time or term of office.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Abe Lincoln" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Abraham Lincoln, also known as President Lincoln, Uncle Abe, Honest Abe, Abe Lincoln (wd:Q91): president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, military officer, statesperson, postmaster, politician, farmer, writer, lawyer
2. Abe Lincoln, also known as Abram Lincoln (wd:Q4666410): American jazz trombonist (1907-2000), jazz musician
3. Abraham Lincoln, also known as Abe Lincoln (wd:Q4669012): named passenger train
4. Abe Lincoln (wd:Q49395851): mine in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States
5. Abe Lincoln (wd:Q63889409): musical character in the musical Abe
6. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395856): mine in Lincoln County, Nevada, United States of America
7. Abe Lincoln Playground (wd:Q34631707)
8. Abe Lincoln Mountain (wd:Q49008420)
9. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395859): mine in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States of America
10. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395857): mine in Pershing County, Nevada, United States of America

[Assistant] The entity for Abraham Lincoln, the president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, is wd:Q91. Now, let's find the property that relates to the time period of his presidency. We can search for properties related to "president" or "term of office" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as p/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
2. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
3. candidacy in election, also known as ran in election, running in election, election candidacy, candidate in election, candidate in (wd:P3602 as p/wdt): election where the subject is a candidate, participant in
4. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
6. member of political party, also known as political party member, political party, party membership, party, member of party (wd:P102 as p/wdt): the political party of which a person is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated, member of
7. influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as p/wdt): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”
8. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as p/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
9. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
10. owner of, also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt): entities owned by the subject

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "position held" (wdt:P39) is relevant for finding the presidency period of Abraham Lincoln. We can query the time period for the position held as president.

Step 2: Write a SPARQL query to get the start and end time of Abraham Lincoln's presidency using the property "position held" (wdt:P39) and filtering for the position "president of the United States".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. President of the United States, also known as US President, U.S. President, United States President, the president of the United States, President of the U.S. (wd:Q11696): head of state and head of government of the United States of America
2. cultural depictions of John F. Kennedy, also known as cultural depictions of JFK, cultural depictions of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, cultural depictions of President John F. Kennedy, cultural depictions of President Kennedy, President of the United States (wd:Q17512211): John F. Kennedy depicted in culture
3. President of the United States (wd:Q125680992): fictional position in the Grand Theft Auto video game series (HD)
4. Jimmy Carter, also known as James E. Carter, James Earl Carter, Jr., James E. Carter Jr., James E. Carter, Jr., 39th President of the United States (wd:Q23685): President of the United States from 1977 to 1981, human rights activist, environmentalist, autobiographer, businessperson, peace activist, naval officer, humanitarian, statesperson, submariner, politician, diplomat, engineer, novelist, farmer, writer
5. 2024 United States presidential election, also known as USA presidential election, 2024, US 2024 presidential election, POTUS 47, Harris v. Trump, Harris vs. Trump (wd:Q101110072): 60th quadrennial U.S. presidential election
6. Vice President of the United States, also known as President of the Senate, President of the United States Senate, United States Vice President, United States VP, USA VP (wd:Q11699): second-highest constitutional office in the United States
7. President of Mexico, also known as President of the United Mexican States (wd:Q628004): head of state of the country of Mexico
8. Executive Office of the President of the United States, also known as EOP, EOPOTUS, Executive Office of the President, The White House, United States Executive Office of the President (wd:Q1355327): U.S. federal government office of the president of the United States
9. President-elect of the United States, also known as President-Elect (wd:Q1467287): winning candidate of the U.S. presidential election in the time before inauguration
10. The Presidents of the United States of America, also known as Pot USA, PotUSA, PUSA, The Presidents, The Presidents of the United States (wd:Q176430): American rock band

[Assistant] The entity for "President of the United States" is wd:Q11696. Now I will write a SPARQL query to get the start and end time of Abraham Lincoln's presidency using the property "position held" (wdt:P39) and filtering for the position "President of the United States" (wd:Q11696).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| start                               | end                                 |
| ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| 1861-03-04T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1865-04-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process