PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?genre WHERE {
  wd:Q1203 wdt:P136 ?genre
}

Got 11 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| ?genre                           |
| -------------------------------- |
| rock music (wd:Q11399)           |
| experimental music (wd:Q1640319) |
| experimental rock (wd:Q1641839)  |
| blues rock (wd:Q193355)          |
| psychedelic rock (wd:Q206159)    |
| ...                              |
| pop music (wd:Q37073)            |
| pop rock (wd:Q484641)            |
| beat music (wd:Q546264)          |
| rock and roll (wd:Q7749)         |
| hard rock (wd:Q83270)            |

John Lennon sang the following types of music (genres): rock music, experimental music, experimental rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, pop music, pop rock, beat music, rock and roll, and hard rock.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what type of music did john lennon sing?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The main entity is "John Lennon".
2. The property we are interested in is the "type of music" he sang, which could relate to genres associated with his musical career.

First, I will search for the entity "John Lennon" in Wikidata to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. John Lennon, also known as John Winston Ono Lennon, John Ono Lennon (wd:Q1203): British musician (1940–1980), political activist, singer-songwriter, recording artist, record producer, peace activist, public figure, film director, film producer, prose writer, film actor, guitarist, composer, painter, pianist, singer, writer, actor, poet
2. Liverpool John Lennon Airport, also known as John Lennon, John Lennon airport, Liverpool Airport, Liverpool (John Lennon), LPL (wd:Q8727): airport in Liverpool, England
3. John Lennon Silva Santos, also known as John Lennon (wd:Q6244563): association football player, Brazilian footballer
4. John Brown Lennon, also known as John B. Lennon, John Lennon (wd:Q6223555): American labor leader (1850–1923), trade unionist
5. John Lennon, also known as J. John Lennon, Justin John Lennon (wd:Q11979004): Scottish tourism researcher, university teacher, tourism scholar
6. John Lennon (wd:Q65548791): Irish hurler born 1996
7. John Lennon (wd:Q6244553): British naval captain, military personnel
8. John Lennon (wd:Q12871620): 1855 - 3 Aug 1921
9. John Lennon (wd:Q125643070): 2005 edition of written work by Jordi Sierra i Fabra
10. John Lennon (wd:Q106781630): 2015 song by SCH

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "John Lennon" the musician is wd:Q1203.

Next, I need to find the property that links a musician to the type of music or genre they performed. This is likely to be something like "genre" or "music genre". I will search for properties related to "genre".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. radio format, also known as format, radio station format, genre (wd:P415 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): describes the overall content broadcast on a radio station
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
4. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): structure of a creative work
5. Every Noise at Once ID, also known as Spotify genre, Every Noise at Once identifier, everynoise.com identifier (wd:P9881 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): identifier of a music genre, style, or scene on the Every Noise at Once website
6. MusicBrainz genre ID, also known as MB genre ID (wd:P8052 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): identifier for a genre on the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia
7. for color scheme, also known as color mode, uses colour scheme, uses color scheme, theme, prefers colour scheme (wd:P8798 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): which color scheme this statement is designed for
8. based on, also known as modelled after, inspired by, iteration of, modeled after, fork of (wd:P144 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074, references work, tradition or theory, inspired by
9. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
10. AllMusic genre/style ID, also known as AllMusic style identifier, AllMusic theme identifier, AllMusic theme ID, AllMusic style ID, AllMusic style/genre ID (wd:P9185 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): ID of a music genre or style in AllMusic

[Assistant]
The property "genre" (wd:P136) is the most appropriate for describing the type of music John Lennon sang.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the genres (wd:P136) associated with John Lennon (wd:Q1203). I will also try to retrieve the labels for the genres for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| ?genre                           | ?genreLabel        |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| rock music (wd:Q11399)           | rock music         |
| experimental music (wd:Q1640319) | experimental music |
| experimental rock (wd:Q1641839)  | experimental rock  |
| blues rock (wd:Q193355)          | blues rock         |
| psychedelic rock (wd:Q206159)    | psychedelic rock   |
| ...                              | ...                |
| pop music (wd:Q37073)            | pop music          |
| pop rock (wd:Q484641)            | pop rock           |
| beat music (wd:Q546264)          | beat music         |
| rock and roll (wd:Q7749)         | rock and roll      |
| hard rock (wd:Q83270)            | hard rock          |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q39607 wdt:P20 ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?placeOfDeathLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?placeOfDeath                     | ?placeOfDeathLabel   |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| place de la Concorde (wd:Q189503) | place de la Concorde |

Antoine Lavoisier died at place de la Concorde (wd:Q189503).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did antoine lavoisier die?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Antoine Lavoisier".
2. The property is "place of death".

First, I will search for the entity "Antoine Lavoisier" in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Antoine Lavoisier, also known as Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (wd:Q39607): French chemist, administrator, astronomer, biologist, physicist, economist, academic, chemist, lawyer, writer
2. Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q59073688): scientific article published in Nature
3. Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q18147111): sculpture by Jacques-Léonard Maillet
4. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q21685186): encyclopedic article
5. résidence Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q113413611): street in Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France
6. Antoine de Lavoisier (wd:Q108838701)
7. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q74018917): scientific article published on 01 May 1956
8. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q69311401): scientific article published on 01 July 1973
9. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (wd:Q41051602): scientific article
10. rue Antoine de Lavoisier (wd:Q112065256): street in Rungis, France

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Antoine Lavoisier" is wd:Q39607, the French chemist.

Next, I need to find the property for "place of death". I'll search for this property in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
2. place of burial, also known as interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., location
3. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
4. category for people who died here, also known as category for place of death, category of people who died here (wd:P1465 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): category item for people who died in this location, related category
5. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
6. number of deaths, also known as dead, qty fatalities, qty deaths, number of fatalities, fatalities (wd:P1120 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): total (cumulative) number of people who died since start as a direct result of an event or cause
7. category for people buried here, also known as buried here: Wikimedia category for, category of people buried here, category for place of burial, category for burials (wd:P1791 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): Wikimedia category for people with a burial site within this area, related category
8. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
9. date of burial or cremation, also known as burial date, cremation date, date of cremation, funeral date (wd:P4602 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): date on which the person was buried or cremated soon after death, point in time
10. commemorates, also known as monument to, memorial to, memorializes, marks, in memory of (wd:P547 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): what the place, monument, memorial, or holiday, commemorates, main subject

[Assistant]
The property "place of death" corresponds to wd:P20.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the place of death for Antoine Lavoisier (wd:Q39607) using the property "place of death" (wd:P20). I will also try to get the label of the place for clarity, but will keep it optional as per the instructions.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?placeOfDeath                     | ?placeOfDeathLabel   |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| place de la Concorde (wd:Q189503) | place de la Concorde |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?college WHERE {
  wd:Q117425 wdt:P69 ?college .
}

S. E. Hinton attended the University of Tulsa (wd:Q1848657). She also attended Will Rogers High School (wd:Q8003051), but the college is the University of Tulsa.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what college did se hinton go?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the college attended by S. E. Hinton.
2. First, I need to identify the correct Wikidata entity for S. E. Hinton.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a person to the college or university they attended.
4. Finally, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the college(s) attended by S. E. Hinton.

Let's start by searching for the Wikidata entity for S. E. Hinton.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. S. E. Hinton, also known as Susan Eloise Hinton (wd:Q117425): children's writer, American writer, autobiographer, screenwriter, film actor, novelist, writer
2. S. E. Hinton bibliography (wd:Q7387461)
3. Scott, Edward Hinton (wd:Q96779104): entry in the Royal Naval Biography
4. Eric Hinton Stewart (wd:Q75742435): (born 1899)
5. Edward Hinton Scott (wd:Q108103196): British Royal Navy officer, captain in 1838 (1789-?), naval officer
6. Scott, Edward Hinton (NBD) (wd:Q24022213): entry in the Naval Biographical Dictionary
7. High Stakes with Ed Hinton (wd:Q114502643): episode of The Roy Rogers Show (S6 E11)
8. Hinton Ampner C Of E Primary School (wd:Q26448924): school building in Hinton Ampner, Hampshire, England, UK
9. Hinton St George Church of England School (wd:Q66163957): school in Somerset, UK
10. Broad Hinton Church of England Primary School (wd:Q66164603): school in Wiltshire, UK

[Assistant]
The correct entity for S. E. Hinton is wd:Q117425.

Next, I need to find the property that links a person to the college or university they attended. I will search for properties related to "college" or "educated at".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. academic major, also known as academic subject, college major, field of study, major, studied (wd:P812 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): major someone studied at college/university
2. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
3. movement, also known as subculture, trend, scientific movement, school, philosophical movement (wd:P135 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): literary, artistic, scientific or philosophical movement or scen...ed with this person or work. For political ideologies use P1142.
4. athletics program, also known as school district athletics program, school district sports program, school sports program, sports program, university athletics program (wd:P10607 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the name of a school's athletics program, as opposed to individual teams in particular sports, represented by
5. academic degree, also known as academic diploma, degree, diploma (wd:P512 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): academic degree that the person holds
6. interested in, also known as area of interest, area of research, field of interest, field of research, field of study (wd:P2650 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): item of special or vested interest to this person or organisation
7. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
8. student, also known as teacher to, teacher of, had student, students, pupils (wd:P802 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): notable student(s) of the subject individual, significant person
9. refine date, also known as date refinement, exact time, hour, local time, quarter (wd:P4241 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): qualifier to narrow down the precision of a date not fully specified by the Wikidata time datatype precision field
10. has role in modeling, also known as has role in modelling, used for investigating, used for researching, used for studying, used to investigate (wd:P6530 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): relation between a research artefact and an entity that is used ... its replicating or approximating features of the studied entity

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "educated at" (wd:P69), which links a person to the educational institution(s) they attended.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the college or university that S. E. Hinton attended, using wd:Q117425 for S. E. Hinton and wdt:P69 for "educated at". I will also try to get the label of the institution for readability.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| ?college                              | ?collegeLabel           |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| University of Tulsa (wd:Q1848657)     | University of Tulsa     |
| Will Rogers High School (wd:Q8003051) | Will Rogers High School |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  wd:Q7184 wdt:P159 ?location
}

The NATO headquarters are located in the City of Brussels (wd:Q239).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where are the nato headquarters located?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to identify the entity for "NATO".
2. We need to find the property that indicates the location of an organization's headquarters.
3. We will then construct a query to find the location(s) of NATO's headquarters.

First, I'll search for the entity "NATO" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. NATO, also known as North Atlantic Treaty Organization, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, NATO Alliance, North Atlantic Alliance (wd:Q7184): intergovernmental military alliance between 32 member states
2. .nato (wd:Q753137): top-level domain
3. NATO (wd:Q1940923): 1994 studio album by Laibach
4. National Association of Theatre Owners, also known as NATO (wd:Q2076915): American motion picture exhibition trade organization
5. nato wood, also known as mora, mora wood, nato (wd:Q3337031): the wood from tropical trees in the genus Mora
6. Nåtö (wd:Q24453737): island in Finland Proper, Finland
7. Nato (wd:Q6980174): human settlement in Madagascar
8. Nato (wd:Q10605515): island in Lemland, Åland Islands, Finland
9. Jeanne Natoire, also known as Mademoiselle Natoire, Mlle Natoire, Nato (wd:Q34725664): French Painter (c. 1700–1776), painter
10. naTo, also known as Cinématèque in der naTo (wd:Q1961846): cultural centre and cinema in Leipzig

[Assistant]
The correct entity for NATO, the intergovernmental military alliance, is wd:Q7184.

Next, I need to find the property that indicates the location of an organization's headquarters. I'll search for properties related to "headquarters location".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
2. capital, also known as administrative seat, seat of government, seat, principal place, location of capital (wd:P36 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): seat of government of a country, province, state or other type of administrative territorial entity
3. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
4. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
5. organization directed by the office or position, also known as leader of, head of, leads, organization directed by, organization directed from the office (wd:P2389 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): organization which is directed by this office
6. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
7. location of creation, also known as manufactured in, manufacturing location, mint, minted at, photographed at (wd:P1071 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): place where the item was conceived or made; where applicable, location of final assembly, significant place
8. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
9. has subsidiary, also known as subordinate body, subsidiary body, subordinate unit, subsidiary, subsidiary company (wd:P355 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully owned...siness division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749)., has part(s), owner of
10. occupant, also known as tenant, resident, renter, occupiers, lessee (wd:P466 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): person or organization occupying property, used by

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for the headquarters location is wd:P159 ("headquarters location").

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the headquarters location(s) of NATO (wd:Q7184) using the property wd:P159. I will also try to retrieve the label of the location for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?location                  | ?locationLabel   |
| -------------------------- | ---------------- |
| City of Brussels (wd:Q239) | City of Brussels |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?book WHERE {
  ?book wdt:P50 wd:Q207 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?book wdt:P577 ?pubDate .
  }
  ?book rdfs:label ?label FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = "en" )
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?pubDate )
LIMIT 1

The title of George W. Bush's newest book is 'Portraits of Courage'.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the title of george bush's new book?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the title of George Bush's "new book".
2. We need to identify the correct "George Bush" (there are at least two prominent ones: George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush).
3. We need to find the most recent book authored by the correct George Bush.

First, I will search for entities named "George Bush" to identify the relevant Wikidata entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. George W. Bush, also known as GWB, POTUS 43, George Bush, President Bush, Bush Jr. (wd:Q207): President of the United States from 2001 to 2009, motivational speaker, rugby union player, military officer, autobiographer, businessperson, statesperson, politician, financier, painter
2. George H. W. Bush, also known as G H W Bush, George W. Bush Senior, GHWB, GHW Bush, G.H.W. Bush (wd:Q23505): President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, baseball player, aircraft pilot, autobiographer, naval officer, statesperson, entrepreneur, politician, diplomat
3. George Bush (wd:Q5537488): American biblical scholar and pastor (1796–1859), pastor, writer
4. George Bush, also known as George Edward Bush (wd:Q28445429): association football player (1883-1936), association football player
5. George Bush (wd:Q5537484): racing driver, engineer
6. George Bush, also known as Simmons (wd:Q107224832): person in the Aberdeen Register of Returned Convicts 1869-1939
7. George Bush (wd:Q47512688): painting by Daniel Bennett Schwartz
8. George Bush (wd:Q47509378): painting by Ronald N. Sherr
9. George Bush (wd:Q100766406): basketball player
10. George Bush [bushgeorg0026233] (wd:Q103871655): article in Electronic Enlightenment

[Assistant]
There are two prominent "George Bush" figures: George W. Bush (wd:Q207) and George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505). Since the question refers to "George Bush's new book" and George W. Bush is more likely to have a recent publication (as George H. W. Bush passed away in 2018), I will proceed with George W. Bush (wd:Q207).

Next, I need to find books authored by George W. Bush and determine which is the most recent (i.e., the "new" book). To do this, I will search for properties related to "author" or "written work" for George W. Bush.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Commons Creator page, also known as creator page, creator template (wd:P1472 as p/wdt): name of Commons Infobox template residing in "Creator" namespace on Wikimedia Commons
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
4. Project Gutenberg author ID, also known as Gutenberg ID, gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/, Project Gutenberg ID (author) (wd:P1938 as wdtn/p/wdt): author identifier at Project Gutenberg
5. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as p/wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
6. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
7. member of political party, also known as political party member, political party, party membership, party, member of party (wd:P102 as p/wdt): the political party of which a person is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated, member of
8. member of, also known as band member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group, be member of (wd:P463 as p/wdt): organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs...ical position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that), part of
9. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
10. SBN author ID, also known as ICCU, SBN, SBN identifier, Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale (wd:P396 as p/wdt): identifier issued by National Library Service (SBN) of Italy

No other items found

[Assistant]
The search for "author" properties did not directly return a property linking George W. Bush to books he authored. However, in Wikidata, the property "author" (P50) is commonly used to link a person to works they have authored. Alternatively, "notable work" (P800) or "written work" may also be used.

I will now search for properties related to "work" for George W. Bush to see if there is a direct link to his books.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
2. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as p/wdt): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
3. work period (start), also known as start working, flourished (start), start time for work, start date of activity, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as p/wdt): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, start time, floruit
4. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as p/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
5. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as p/wdt): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
6. video, also known as gif, animation, trailer, media (wd:P10 as p/wdt): relevant video. For images, use the property P18. For film trailers, qualify with "object has role" (P3831)="trailer" (Q622550)
7. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as p/wdt): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
8. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
9. conflict, also known as war, theatre (military), theater (military), participated in conflict, military conflict (wd:P607 as p/wdt): battles, wars or other military engagements in which the person or item participated, participant in
10. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as p/wdt): main Wikimedia category

No other items found

[Assistant]
The search for "work" properties did not yield a direct property for written works or books authored by George W. Bush. Since "author" (P50) is a standard property for linking authors to their works, I will now search for books where George W. Bush (wd:Q207) is the author using the "author" property (P50).

I will look for items where wdt:P50 (author) is wd:Q207.

[Tool]
Got 400 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                      | property         | object                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------- | ------------------------ |
| Decision Points (wd:Q942966)                                 | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Mission Accomplished speech (wd:Q3316780)                    | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13224 (wd:Q5419884)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13470 (wd:Q1383597)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| 41: A Portrait of My Father (wd:Q18786479)                   | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Proclamation 7750 of the President of the USA (wd:Q18330735) | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Presidential Radio Address - 26 July 2008 (wd:Q19052002)     | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Portraits of Courage (wd:Q29097574)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| A Charge to Keep (wd:Q4655824)                               | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| Executive Order 13233 (wd:Q5419885)                          | author (wdt:P50) | George W. Bush (wd:Q207) |
| ...                                                          | ...              | ...                      |

[Assistant]
I have found several works authored by George W. Bush, including books like "Decision Points" (wd:Q942966), "41: A Portrait of My Father" (wd:Q18786479), "Portraits of Courage" (wd:Q29097574), and "A Charge to Keep" (wd:Q4655824). To determine which is the "new book," I need to find the publication dates for these works and select the most recent one.

I will now write a SPARQL query to retrieve all works authored by George W. Bush, their publication dates, and their titles, and then sort them by publication date to identify the newest book.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that my query did not return any results. This may be because not all works authored by George W. Bush are explicitly typed as "book" (wd:Q571) in Wikidata, or the publication date property (P577) is not always present.

To ensure I capture all relevant works, I will broaden the query to include all works authored by George W. Bush (regardless of type), retrieve their publication dates (if available), and their labels. I will then sort by publication date to find the newest one.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| ?work                                      | ?workLabel                  | ?pubDate             |
| ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Portraits of Courage (wd:Q29097574)        | Portraits of Courage        | 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| 41: A Portrait of My Father (wd:Q18786479) | 41: A Portrait of My Father | 2014-11-11T00:00:00Z |
| Decision Points (wd:Q942966)               | Decision Points             | 2010-11-09T00:00:00Z |
| Proclamation 8325 (wd:Q43983370)           | Proclamation 8325           | 2008-12-02T00:00:00Z |
| Executive Order 13470 (wd:Q1383597)        | Executive Order 13470       | 2008-08-04T00:00:00Z |
| Proclamation 8207 (wd:Q44615465)           | Proclamation 8207           | 2007-12-04T00:00:00Z |
| Proclamation 8124 (wd:Q19085418)           | Proclamation 8124           | 2007-04-11T00:00:00Z |
| Proclamation 8112 (wd:Q19085354)           | Proclamation 8112           | 2007-03-06T00:00:00Z |
| Executive Order 13406 (wd:Q19104840)       | Executive Order 13406       | 2006-06-28T00:00:00Z |
| Proclamation 8031 (wd:Q19084913)           | Proclamation 8031           | 2006-06-26T00:00:00Z |

[Assistant]
The most recent book authored by George W. Bush, according to Wikidata, is "Portraits of Courage" (published in 2017). Other recent works are either proclamations or executive orders, not books.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?place WHERE {
  wd:Q36844 wdt:P19 ?place
}

Rihanna was born in Saint Michael, Barbados. While Wikidata does not explicitly state where she was raised, her birthplace is Saint Michael, which is commonly cited as where she grew up.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where was rihanna raised?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking where Rihanna was raised.
2. We need to identify the entity for "Rihanna" and the property related to "raised" (which could be "place of upbringing" or similar).

First, I'll search for the entity "Rihanna" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Rihanna, also known as Barbadian singer, Rihana, Robyn Fenty, Robyn Rihanna Fenty (wd:Q36844): Barbadian singer and actress, singer
2. Rihanna (wd:Q751012): 2010 photo-book
3. Rihanna (wd:Q17136804): female given name
4. Rihanna (wd:Q65090823): 2017 single by Yxng Bane
5. Rihanna (wd:Q17146308): single  by Orezi
6. Rihanna (wd:Q120757612): original song written by Camille Dhont, and performed by Camille
7. Rihanna (wd:Q119197664)
8. Rihanna (wd:Q119197546)
9. Rihanna (wd:Q120757609): vocal track by Camille; 2023 studio recording
10. Rihanna Twitter account, also known as @rihanna, twitter.com/rihanna (wd:Q65676172): Twitter account of Rihanna

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Rihanna the singer is wd:Q36844.

Next, I need to find the property in Wikidata that corresponds to "raised" or "place of upbringing." This is likely to be something like "place of upbringing," "grew up in," or similar. I'll search for properties related to "upbringing" or "raised."

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
4. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
5. parent, also known as guardian, parents (wd:P8810 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): parent of the subject. Only use if neither father (P22) nor mother (P25) nor stepparent (P3448) is applicable., relative
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. personality trait of fictional character, also known as personality trait, personality trait of fictitious character, personal quality of fictional character, fictitious character personality trait, personal quality of fictitious character (wd:P9652 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): particular personality trait which applies to this fictional character
8. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
9. indigenous to, also known as native to, originating from, spoken by (wd:P2341 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): place or ethnic group where a language, art genre, cultural trad...biological species or variety is found (or was originally found)
10. lifestyle, also known as diet, follows lifestyle, has lifestyle, life style (wd:P1576 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): typical way of life of an individual, group, or culture

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
2. dissolved, abolished or demolished date, also known as ended, publication end date, final issue, date repealed, final year (wd:P576 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): point in time at which the subject (organisation, building) ceas...g equipment,  "discontinued date" (P2669) for stopping a product, end time
3. service entry, also known as commissioned, time of service entry, service introduction, launch date, in service (wd:P729 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service, start time
4. maintained by, also known as custodian, maintenance, maintainer, held by, administrator (wd:P126 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): person or organization in charge of keeping the subject (for instance an infrastructure) in functioning order
5. collection, also known as editorial collection, series, repository, museum collection, held by (wd:P195 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): art, museum, archival, or bibliographic collection of which the subject is part, part of
6. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
7. uses, also known as uses trope, used, using, wielded, wields (wd:P2283 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): item or concept used by the subject or in the operation (see also instrument [P1303] and armament [P520])
8. announcement date, also known as released, date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published (wd:P6949 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, point in time
9. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
10. class of object(s) of occurrence, also known as may happen to, may occur to items of the class, object class of action, object class of occurrence, of (wd:P12913 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): class that includes the object(s) to which this occurrence (or class of occurrence) occurs or occurred

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location
2. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
3. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
4. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
5. official residence, also known as resides at, lives in, palace, presidential mansion, presidential palace (wd:P263 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the residence at which heads of government and other senior figures officially reside, residence
6. lifestyle, also known as diet, follows lifestyle, has lifestyle, life style (wd:P1576 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): typical way of life of an individual, group, or culture
7. wears, also known as wore, wearing, uniform, outfit, garment (wd:P3828 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): clothing or accessory worn on subject's body, item operated
8. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
9. ASF KID Cave Tag Number, also known as Australian Speleological Federation KID, KID, Karst Index Database (wd:P2792 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): unique identifier for caves within the Karst Index Database of the Australian Speleological Federation
10. Kunstindeks Danmark Artist ID, also known as KID, KID artist ID, KID ID (wd:P1138 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): unique artist identifier used by Kunstindeks Danmark

[Assistant]
The most relevant property found is "residence" (wd:P551), which indicates places where a person has lived. While not exactly "raised," it is the closest available property in Wikidata for this context, as there is no direct "place of upbringing" property.

I will now query for Rihanna's (wd:Q36844) residences and include labels for the locations.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that there are no entries for Rihanna's "residence" (wd:P551) in Wikidata. Since "place of upbringing" is not directly available and "residence" is empty, the next best property to check is "place of birth" (wd:P19), as sometimes the birthplace is also where the person was raised, especially if no other data is available.

I will now query for Rihanna's place of birth and include the label.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?place                     | ?placeLabel   |
| -------------------------- | ------------- |
| Saint Michael (wd:Q819170) | Saint Michael |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
SELECT ?statement ?start ?end WHERE {
  wd:Q91 p:P39 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P39 wd:Q11696 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?statement pq:P580 ?start
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?statement pq:P582 ?end
  }
}

Abraham Lincoln was President of the United States from March 4, 1861 to April 15, 1865.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when was abe lincoln president?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the time period when Abraham Lincoln was president.
2. We need to identify the entity for "Abe Lincoln" (Abraham Lincoln) and the property that links a person to their presidential term(s), including start and end dates.

First, I'll search for the entity corresponding to "Abe Lincoln".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Abraham Lincoln, also known as President Lincoln, Uncle Abe, Honest Abe, Abe Lincoln (wd:Q91): president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, military officer, statesperson, postmaster, politician, farmer, writer, lawyer
2. Abe Lincoln, also known as Abram Lincoln (wd:Q4666410): American jazz trombonist (1907-2000), jazz musician
3. Abraham Lincoln, also known as Abe Lincoln (wd:Q4669012): named passenger train
4. Abe Lincoln (wd:Q49395851): mine in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States
5. Abe Lincoln (wd:Q63889409): musical character in the musical Abe
6. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395856): mine in Lincoln County, Nevada, United States of America
7. Abe Lincoln Playground (wd:Q34631707)
8. Abe Lincoln Mountain (wd:Q49008420)
9. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395859): mine in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States of America
10. Abe Lincoln Mine (wd:Q49395857): mine in Pershing County, Nevada, United States of America

[Assistant]
The correct entity for "Abe Lincoln" (Abraham Lincoln, the president) is wd:Q91.

Next, I need to find the property that links Abraham Lincoln to his presidential term, specifically the start and end dates of his presidency. I'll search for properties related to "president" for Abraham Lincoln.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as p/wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
2. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
3. candidacy in election, also known as ran in election, running in election, election candidacy, candidate in election, candidate in (wd:P3602 as p/wdt): election where the subject is a candidate, participant in
4. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
6. member of political party, also known as political party member, political party, party membership, party, member of party (wd:P102 as p/wdt): the political party of which a person is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated, member of
7. influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as p/wdt): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”
8. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as p/wdt): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
9. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
10. owner of, also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt): entities owned by the subject

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "position held" (wdt:P39), which links a person to the offices they have held. For Abraham Lincoln, we can use this property to find when he was president.

Now, we need to find the qualifiers for "position held" that specify the start and end dates of his presidency. I'll check what qualifiers are used with "position held" for Abraham Lincoln.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                  | property              | object                                     |
| ------------------------ | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Abraham Lincoln (wd:Q91) | position held (p:P39) | s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 |
| Abraham Lincoln (wd:Q91) | position held (p:P39) | s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A |
| Abraham Lincoln (wd:Q91) | position held (p:P39) | s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D |
| Abraham Lincoln (wd:Q91) | position held (p:P39) | s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 |

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                    | property                  | object                                                |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | position held (ps:P39)    | President-elect of the United States (wd:Q1467287)    |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | start time (pq:P580)      | 1860-11-06T00:00:00Z                                  |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | end time (pq:P582)        | 1861-03-04T00:00:00Z                                  |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | replaced by (pq:P1366)    | Ulysses S. Grant (wd:Q34836)                          |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | replaces (pq:P1365)       | James Buchanan (wd:Q12325)                            |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | series ordinal (pq:P1545) | 14                                                    |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | elected in (pq:P2715)     | 1860 United States presidential election (wd:Q698842) |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | wikibase:rank             | wikibase:NormalRank                                   |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | rdf:type                  | wikibase:BestRank                                     |
| s:Q91-1380f0c0-47af-b93c-057c-7138e7f7ab61 | start time (pqv:P580)     | v:1a860efa6c4bc7a6595ee4f84aa62945                    |
| ...                                        | ...                       | ...                                                   |

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                    | property                     | object                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | position held (ps:P39)       | member of the United States House of Representatives (wd:Q13218630) |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | start time (pq:P580)         | 1847-03-04T00:00:00Z                                                |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | end time (pq:P582)           | 1849-03-04T00:00:00Z                                                |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | replaced by (pq:P1366)       | Thomas L. Harris (wd:Q2781217)                                      |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | replaces (pq:P1365)          | John Henry (wd:Q5321400)                                            |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | electoral district (pq:P768) | Illinois's 7th congressional district (wd:Q3479062)                 |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | wikibase:rank                | wikibase:NormalRank                                                 |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | rdf:type                     | wikibase:BestRank                                                   |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | prov:wasDerivedFrom          | ref:fa278ebfc458360e5aed63d5058cca83c46134f1                        |
| s:q91-423BD67D-44C8-49AC-9108-F77F70B9A18A | start time (pqv:P580)        | v:9755b51420a339446ed671ffa6b1dfef                                  |
| ...                                        | ...                          | ...                                                                 |

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                    | property               | object                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | position held (ps:P39) | member of the Illinois House of Representatives (wd:Q17495450) |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | start time (pq:P580)   | 1834-01-01T00:00:00Z                                           |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | end time (pq:P582)     | 1842-01-01T00:00:00Z                                           |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | wikibase:rank          | wikibase:NormalRank                                            |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | rdf:type               | wikibase:BestRank                                              |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | start time (pqv:P580)  | v:0217f23719132f0f5562477dd8e90099                             |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | end time (pqv:P582)    | v:407a4f71b9794fb293f83a776aced3a3                             |
| s:Q91-7E23DEEF-8508-41FE-8898-9C6AD68CE60D | rdf:type               | wikibase:Statement                                             |

[Tool]
Got 15 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                    | property                  | object                                                |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | position held (ps:P39)    | President of the United States (wd:Q11696)            |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | start time (pq:P580)      | 1861-03-04T00:00:00Z                                  |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | end time (pq:P582)        | 1865-04-15T00:00:00Z                                  |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | replaced by (pq:P1366)    | Andrew Johnson (wd:Q8612)                             |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | replaces (pq:P1365)       | James Buchanan (wd:Q12325)                            |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | series ordinal (pq:P1545) | 16                                                    |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | elected in (pq:P2715)     | 1860 United States presidential election (wd:Q698842) |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | end cause (pq:P1534)      | death in office (wd:Q5247364)                         |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | wikibase:rank             | wikibase:NormalRank                                   |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | rdf:type                  | wikibase:BestRank                                     |
| ...                                        | ...                       | ...                                                   |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| ?statement                                 | ?start               | ?end                 |
| ------------------------------------------ | -------------------- | -------------------- |
| s:q91-EE428598-BCD5-4D80-BF24-4C5E27868AC8 | 1861-03-04T00:00:00Z | 1865-04-15T00:00:00Z |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  wd:Q79 wdt:P37 ?language .
}

The official language of Egypt is Arabic.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what kind of language does egypt speak?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the languages spoken in Egypt.
2. I need to identify the entity for "Egypt" and the property that relates a country to its spoken languages.

First, I will search for the entity "Egypt" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Egypt, also known as Republic of Egypt, Rep. Egypt, EGY, eg, Arab Republic of Egypt (wd:Q79): country in Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia
2. Khedivate of Egypt, also known as Egypt, Egyptian Khedivate (wd:Q127861): 1867-1914 monarchy in Northeastern Africa
3. Egypt Eyalet, also known as QASR of Egypt, Pashalik of Egypt, Egypt, Mısır Eyalet, Beylerbeyilik of Egypt (wd:Q491507): Egyptian State (1517–1867)
4. Egypt, also known as Egypt, AK, Egypt, AR (wd:Q2083973): town in Arkansas
5. Egypt, also known as Egypt, Etowah County, Alabama, Egypt, AL (wd:Q5348296): census-designated place in Etowah County, Alabama
6. Egypt, also known as Egypt, Pennsylvania (wd:Q5348306): human settlement in Pennsylvania, United States
7. Egypt 1156 B.C., also known as Egypt, Egypt 1156 B.C.: Tomb of the Pharaoh (wd:Q3586212): 1999 video game
8. Egypt, also known as Egypt, WV (wd:Q5348310): unincorporated community in Jefferson County, West Virginia
9. Egypt (wd:Q5348317): 2004 album by Youssou N'Dour
10. Egypt, also known as Egypt, IN, Egypt, Indiana (wd:Q5348297): unincorporated community in Jasper County, Minnesota

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for modern Egypt is wd:Q79.

Next, I need to find the property that links a country to its spoken languages. I'll search for properties related to "language" for countries.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
2. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
3. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
4. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used
5. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
6. language style, also known as manner, term register, obsolete, register, sense register (wd:P6191 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
7. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
8. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
9. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
10. variety of lexeme, form or sense, also known as dialect, used in dialect, variety of form (wd:P7481 as prn/wdtn/pqn/pqv/ps/psn/psv/p/pr/pq/prv/wdt): dialect, graphic or phonetic variety that this lexeme, form or sense is used in

[Assistant]
There are a few relevant properties:
- "official language" (wd:P37): language designated as official by this item
- "languages spoken, written or signed" (wd:P1412): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs

For a country, "official language" is most likely what the user wants, but I can also include "languages spoken, written or signed" for completeness.

I will write a SPARQL query to retrieve both the official language(s) and other spoken languages for Egypt (wd:Q79), returning their IRIs and optionally their labels.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| ?language          | ?languageLabel | ?property         |
| ------------------ | -------------- | ----------------- |
| Arabic (wd:Q13955) | Arabic         | official language |

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
According to Wikidata, the official language of Egypt (wd:Q79) is Arabic (wd:Q13955). There are no additional spoken, written, or signed languages listed for Egypt in the relevant property.

Here is the SPARQL query that finds this information:

SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel ?property WHERE {
  VALUES ?country { wd:Q79 }
  {
    ?country wdt:P37 ?language .
    BIND("official language" AS ?property)
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?country wdt:P1412 ?language .
    BIND("spoken/written/signed language" AS ?property)
  }
  OPTIONAL { ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel FILTER (lang(?languageLabel) = "en") }
}

Final answer: The official language of Egypt is Arabic.

[Tool] Stopped generation process