PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  ?language wdt:P37 wd:Q29520 .
}

Wikidata does not currently encode the official or primary written language of China (wd:Q29520) or Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) using properties such as 'official language' (P37), 'language used' (P2936), or 'languages spoken, written or signed' (P1412). Attempts to query from both the country and language perspectives return no results. Therefore, it is not possible to provide a SPARQL query that directly answers 'what language do Chinese people write in?' using Wikidata's current structure.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what language do chinese people write in?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The question asks about the language that Chinese people write in.
2. The implied entity is "Chinese people" and the property is "language they write in" or "writing language".
3. I need to find the Wikidata entity for "Chinese people" and the property for "writing language" or "language used in writing".

First, I will search for the entity "Chinese people".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chinese people, also known as the Chinese (wd:Q6501380): ethnic groups
2. Han Chinese people, also known as Han, Han people (wd:Q42740): ethnic group native to China Central Plain
3. Hakka people, also known as Hakka, Hakka Han, Hakka Chinese people (wd:Q660947): ethnic group native to southeastern China and Taiwan
4. Teochew people, also known as Chaozhou people, Chaoshan people, Tiociu nang, Teochew, Teochew (Chinese people) (wd:Q1959575): ethnic group
5. African Chinese people (wd:Q30004886): Chinese people with African ancestry
6. People's Liberation Army Navy, also known as Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Chinese Navy, PLA Navy, PLAN, P.L.A.N. (wd:Q755179): Maritime service branch of the Chinese People's Liberation Army
7. people's commune, also known as Chinese People's commune (wd:Q1153975): the highest of three administrative levels in rural areas of the People's Republic of China during the period from 1958 to 1983
8. People's Volunteer Army, also known as Chinese People's Volunteers, CPV, PVA (wd:Q488945): PRC forces supporting DPRK during the Korean War
9. Chinese people in Japan (wd:Q905498): ethnic group
10. Chinese people in Germany (wd:Q822925): ethnic group

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Chinese people" is wd:Q6501380 ("Chinese people, also known as the Chinese").

Next, I need to find the property that relates to "language they write in" or "writing language". This could be "language", "writing language", or "language used".

I will search for properties related to "language" to find the most appropriate one.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
2. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
3. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
4. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language designated as official by this item, language used
5. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
6. language style, also known as manner, term register, obsolete, register, sense register (wd:P6191 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
7. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
8. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
9. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
10. variety of lexeme, form or sense, also known as dialect, used in dialect, variety of form (wd:P7481 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): dialect, graphic or phonetic variety that this lexeme, form or sense is used in

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties are:
- wd:P1412 ("languages spoken, written or signed")
- wd:P6886 ("writing language")
- wd:P2936 ("language used")
- wd:P37 ("official language")

Since the question is about what language Chinese people write in, "languages spoken, written or signed" (wd:P1412) is the most comprehensive, but "writing language" (wd:P6886) is also relevant. However, wd:P1412 is more likely to be used for people or ethnic groups.

I will check which of these properties are used for the entity wd:Q6501380 ("Chinese people") by listing its properties.

[Tool]
Got 409 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                      | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ---------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | human population (wd:Q33829)                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Chinese people                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De%20Chinezen%20in%20hunne%20huishouding-Catchpenny%20print-SMC%20K%200025.jpeg> |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | subclass of (wdt:P279)           | East Asians (wd:Q26764649)                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | described at URL (wdt:P973)      | <http://www.mar.umd.edu/assessment.asp?groupId=71302>                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)           | Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740)                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | different from (wdt:P1889)       | Zhonghua minzu (wd:Q2780812)                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q7062091                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | residence (wdt:P551)             | China (wd:Q29520)                                                                                |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380) | indigenous to (wdt:P2341)        | China (wd:Q29520)                                                                                |
| ...                          | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the listed properties for "Chinese people" (wd:Q6501380), I do not yet see "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) or "writing language" (wdt:P6886) directly used. However, it is possible that these properties are used for more specific subgroups, such as "Han Chinese people" (wd:Q42740), which is listed as a part of "Chinese people".

I will check if "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) is used for "Han Chinese people".

[Tool]
Got 636 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                        | property                                       | object                                                                 |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | instance of (wdt:P31)                          | ethnic group (wd:Q41710)                                               |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                    | Han Chinese people                                                     |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | image (wdt:P18)                                | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/China1982-514.jpg> |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | part of (wdt:P361)                             | Sino-Tibetan peoples (wd:Q11221471)                                    |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                         | Chinese people (wd:Q6501380)                                           |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008) | wd:Q6173448                                                            |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | different from (wdt:P1889)                     | wd:Q119955730                                                          |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | topic's main category (wdt:P910)               | wd:Q7487056                                                            |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | religion or worldview (wdt:P140)               | Islam (wd:Q432)                                                        |
| Han Chinese people (wd:Q42740) | said to be the same as (wdt:P460)              | Huaren (wd:Q57026211)                                                  |
| ...                            | ...                                            | ...                                                                    |

[Assistant]
From the properties listed for "Han Chinese people" (wd:Q42740), I still do not see "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) directly. However, it is possible that the property is present but not shown in the first few rows.

To be thorough, I will search for the use of property "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) with "Han Chinese people" as the subject.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that neither "Chinese people" nor "Han Chinese people" have the "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) property directly set in Wikidata. However, we know from general knowledge that the main written language for Chinese people is "Chinese" (which includes Mandarin Chinese and written Chinese).

To ensure accuracy and to provide a SPARQL query that reflects Wikidata's structure, I will search for the entity "Chinese language" and see if it is linked to "Chinese people" or "Han Chinese people" via any language-related property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Chinese, also known as Chinese language, Chinese languages, zh (wd:Q7850): language group of the Sinitic languages
2. Chinese, also known as Chinese language, Chinese languages, zh (wd:Q7850): language group of the Sinitic languages
3. Studies of the Chinese Language, also known as Chinese Language, Zhongguo Yuwen (wd:Q15762288): journal
4. Chinese Language (wd:Q110262537): Stack Exchange site for students, teachers, and linguists wanting to discuss the finer points of the Chinese language
5. Chinese language (wd:L1260101-S1)
6. Chinese language (wd:L727426-S1)
7. Sinitic, also known as Chinese languages, Sinitic languages (wd:Q33857): group of East Asian analytic languages and a major branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family
8. Tai Nüa, also known as Tai Le language, Tai Nüa language, Tai Na language, Tai Mau language, Tai Kong language (wd:Q36556): language
9. written Chinese language, also known as Chinese (wd:Q3110592): overview of writing varieties of Chinese, unified in Qin dynasty
10. Chinese Sign Language, also known as csl, CSL, ZGS (wd:Q1094190): sign language used in China and culturally related areas

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the language is "Chinese" (wd:Q7850), which is the language group of the Sinitic languages. There is also "written Chinese language" (wd:Q3110592), which specifically refers to the written form.

To answer the question "what language do Chinese people write in?", the most precise answer would be "written Chinese language" (wd:Q3110592).

I will now construct a SPARQL query that links "Chinese people" (wd:Q6501380) to "written Chinese language" (wd:Q3110592) using any language-related property, such as "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412), "writing language" (wdt:P6886), or "language used" (wdt:P2936). I will use an OPTIONAL clause for each property to ensure we capture any possible linkage.

Here is the SPARQL query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query did not return any results, even though the answer claims that Chinese people write in Chinese (wd:Q7850) and written Chinese (wd:Q3110592). This suggests that the query is not correctly capturing the relationship between 'Chinese people' and the language they write in. The query uses several properties (P1412, P6886, P2936, P37) but restricts the result to only two specific language items, which may be too limiting or not reflect the actual data structure in Wikidata. Additionally, the query should not use OPTIONAL for all properties if we expect at least one to be present. Please review the relevant properties and ensure the query accurately reflects the relationship, and returns the IRIs of the languages as required.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Let's reconsider the approach:

1. The previous query returned no results, likely because Wikidata does not directly link "Chinese people" (wd:Q6501380) or "Han Chinese people" (wd:Q42740) to a language via the properties tried.
2. However, "Chinese people" is a population group, and Wikidata often links countries or ethnic groups to languages via "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) or "official language" (wdt:P37).
3. Since "Chinese people" are indigenous to China (wd:Q29520), and China has official languages, we can try to answer the question by looking at the official language(s) of China.
4. Let's verify which language(s) are official in China using property "official language" (wdt:P37).

First, I will check which languages are official in China (wd:Q29520) using property wdt:P37.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that there is no direct "official language" (wdt:P37) property set for China (wd:Q29520) in Wikidata, which is unexpected. However, the property "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) might be used instead.

I will now check which languages are linked to China (wd:Q29520) using "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412).

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Neither "official language" (wdt:P37) nor "languages spoken, written or signed" (wdt:P1412) are directly set for China (wd:Q29520). This suggests that Wikidata may not directly encode the language relationship at the country or ethnic group level for China or Chinese people.

Given this, let's try a different approach:
- Let's look for the most common languages spoken or written by people from China by querying for humans (wd:Q5) with "country of citizenship" (wdt:P27) China (wd:Q29520), and see which languages (wdt:P1412) are most frequently associated with them.

This will allow us to infer what language Chinese people write in, based on the data for individuals.

I'll write a query to find the languages spoken, written, or signed (wdt:P1412) by people whose country of citizenship is China.

[Tool]
Got 18 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language              |
| --------------------- |
| Spanish (wd:Q1321)    |
| Arabic (wd:Q13955)    |
| Esperanto (wd:Q143)   |
| French (wd:Q150)      |
| English (wd:Q1860)    |
| ...                   |
| Persian (wd:Q9168)    |
| Korean (wd:Q9176)     |
| Cantonese (wd:Q9186)  |
| Mandarin (wd:Q9192)   |
| Vietnamese (wd:Q9199) |

[Assistant]
The query shows that people from China (Chinese people, by citizenship) are associated with a variety of languages, including Mandarin (wd:Q9192), Cantonese (wd:Q9186), English (wd:Q1860), French (wd:Q150), and others. However, the most relevant and widely used written language among Chinese people is Mandarin (Standard Chinese), and also Cantonese for some regions.

Here is a refined SPARQL query that returns the IRIs of all languages spoken, written, or signed by people with Chinese citizenship, which best answers the question "what language do Chinese people write in?":

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5;
          wdt:P27 wd:Q29520;
          wdt:P1412 ?language.
}
```

Final answer: Chinese people write in several languages, most notably Mandarin (wd:Q9192), Cantonese (wd:Q9186), and others, as shown in the query result.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query is a reasonable attempt, but it is too broad for the user's question. It retrieves all languages spoken, written, or signed by any person who is a citizen of China, which includes many foreign languages (e.g., Spanish, French, Esperanto) that are not representative of what Chinese people typically write in. The user's question is about the primary written languages of Chinese people, which are Mandarin (written in Chinese characters), Cantonese, and possibly other Chinese languages. The query should be refined to focus on the most common or official written languages in China, possibly by querying for official languages of China (wd:Q29520) or the most spoken languages in China, rather than aggregating all languages spoken by any citizen. Consider using properties like 'official language' (P37) or 'languages spoken' (P2936) for the country China.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. The previous query was too broad, as it included any language spoken or written by any individual citizen of China, rather than focusing on the primary or official written languages of Chinese people.

Let's refine the approach:

1. The user's question is about the main written language(s) of Chinese people.
2. The most direct way to answer this is to look for the official language(s) of China (wd:Q29520) using property "official language" (P37), or the most spoken language(s) using "language used" (P2936).
3. Previous attempts to list these properties for China returned no results, but let's try searching for properties of China related to "language" to see if there is a relevant property in use.

I'll search for properties of China (wd:Q29520) related to "language".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
2. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
3. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as p/wdt): main Wikimedia category
4. said to be the same as, also known as may be, the same as, synonymous with, same as, same (wd:P460 as p/wdt): this item is said to be the same as that item, though this may be uncertain or disputed
5. continent (wd:P30 as p/wdt): continent of which the subject is a part, located in/on physical feature
6. named after, also known as toponym, namesake, named in honor of, named for, etymology (wd:P138 as p/wdt): entity or event that inspired the subject's name, or namesake (i...fier "applies to name" (P5168) can be used to indicate which one
7. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as p/wdt): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
8. located in time zone, also known as TZ, time zone, timezone (wd:P421 as p/wdt): time zone for this item
9. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
10. coordinate location, also known as point on a map, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location (wd:P625 as p/wdt): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment

No other items found

[Assistant]
The search for language-related properties of China (wd:Q29520) did not return any direct language properties like "official language" (P37) or "language used" (P2936). However, we know from Wikidata's property list that these properties exist and may be used for other countries.

To ensure that China is not an exception, let's try a broader approach:
- Query for any value of "official language" (P37) or "language used" (P2936) for China (wd:Q29520), even if these are not listed in the property search.

I'll write a query to retrieve any languages that are official or used in China using these properties.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
The query confirms that Wikidata does not currently have "official language" (P37) or "language used" (P2936) set for China (wd:Q29520), which is unusual.

Given this, let's try another approach:
- Let's look for the most spoken languages in China by querying for languages that have "China" (wd:Q29520) as a region where they are spoken, using the property "spoken in" (P17 or P495).

I'll search for languages that are spoken in China using property "country" (P17) or "spoken in" if available. First, let's check which property is typically used to link a language to a country where it is spoken.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language designated as official by this item, language used
2. spoken by, also known as speaker (wd:P10894 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the person who is speaking in this audio or video file
3. indigenous to, also known as native to, originating from, spoken by (wd:P2341 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): place or ethnic group where a language, art genre, cultural trad...biological species or variety is found (or was originally found)
4. speaker, also known as speech by, spoken by (wd:P823 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person who is speaker for this event, ceremony, keynote, presentation or in a literary work, participant, spoken by
5. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
6. audio recording of the subject's spoken voice, also known as voice recording, audio clip, spoken voice, speaking voice, recording of the subject's spoken voice (wd:P990 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): audio file representing the speaking voice of a person; or of an animated cartoon or other fictitious character, audio
7. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
8. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
9. expressed in (wd:P5572 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): gene or protein is expressed during a specific condition/cell cycle/process/form, biological phase
10. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties for linking a language to a country where it is spoken are:
- "official language" (P37)
- "language used" (P2936)
- "indigenous to" (P2341)

Since "official language" and "language used" are not set for China, let's try "indigenous to" (P2341) from the language side, to find languages that are indigenous to China.

I'll query for languages that are indigenous to China (wd:Q29520) using property wdt:P2341.

[Tool]
Got 24 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                       |
| ------------------------------ |
| wd:Q10889439                   |
| paixiao (wd:Q1134958)          |
| Go (wd:Q11413)                 |
| wd:Q11571706                   |
| shugu (wd:Q116831922)          |
| ...                            |
| Chinese culture (wd:Q645917)   |
| Chinese people (wd:Q6501380)   |
| xiaolongbao (wd:Q702662)       |
| suzu (wd:Q7651136)             |
| Tongtian Jiaozhu (wd:Q7821145) |

[Assistant]
The query for languages "indigenous to" China (wd:Q29520) using wdt:P2341 returned many non-language items (such as foods, people, and cultural items), indicating that this property is not reliably used for languages in Wikidata.

Given that the properties for official or used languages are not set for China, but we know from general knowledge and from Wikidata's structure that Mandarin Chinese (wd:Q9192) is the official and most widely written language in China, let's try one last approach:

- Query for languages that have "official language of" (P37) set to China (wd:Q29520) from the language side.

This means: Find all languages where China is listed as a country for which that language is official.

I'll write a query to find languages where China is the value of "official language of" (P37).

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
The property "official language" (P37) is not set for China (wd:Q29520) in Wikidata, even from the language side. This means that, structurally, Wikidata does not currently encode the official or primary written language of China using the expected properties.

Given this, the best possible SPARQL query to answer "what language do Chinese people write in?"—using only Wikidata's current structure—is to look for languages that are official in any country and include China as one of those countries. However, since this is not set, there is no direct way to answer the question with a SPARQL query that returns the IRIs of the languages as required.

Therefore, I must conclude that Wikidata does not currently encode this information in a directly queryable way for China or Chinese people.

Here is my best attempt at a SPARQL query, but it returns no results:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  ?language wdt:P37 wd:Q29520.
}
```

If you need the answer, it is: The primary written language of Chinese people is Mandarin Chinese (wd:Q9192), written in Chinese characters, but this is not directly retrievable from Wikidata at this time.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
SELECT ?company ?owner ?start ?end WHERE {
  VALUES ?company {
    wd:Q181114 wd:Q15678788
  }
  ?company p:P127 ?ownershipStatement .
  ?ownershipStatement ps:P127 ?owner .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?ownershipStatement pq:P580 ?start .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?ownershipStatement pq:P582 ?end .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?company rdfs:label ?companyLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?companyLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?owner rdfs:label ?ownerLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?ownerLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  FILTER ( ( ! BOUND( ?start ) || ?start <= "2011-12-31" ^^ xsd:date ) && ( ! BOUND( ?end ) || ?end >= "2011-01-01" ^^ xsd:date ) )
}

Wikidata lists the following entities as owners of Chrysler Corporation (Stellantis North America, wd:Q181114) and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788): Exor (wd:Q1384140), UBS (wd:Q193199), Tiger Management (wd:Q7801440), and The Vanguard Group (wd:Q849363). However, these ownership statements do not have time qualifiers, so we cannot confirm if they were owners specifically in 2011. Stellantis (wd:Q97439162) is listed as owner of Stellantis North America only from 2021 onward. Therefore, based on Wikidata, we cannot definitively determine who owned Chrysler Corporation in 2011.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who owns chrysler corporation 2011?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The main entity is "Chrysler Corporation".
2. The user wants to know who owned Chrysler Corporation in 2011.
3. We need to identify the entity for Chrysler Corporation and the property for ownership, as well as how to specify the year 2011.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Chrysler Corporation" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Stellantis North America, also known as Chrysler Corporation, Chrysler LLC, FCA US (wd:Q181114): American automotive manufacturer
2. Chrysler Corporation v. United States (wd:Q19037103)
3. Chrysler Corporation's super-lite; an evaluation (wd:Q44500476): scientific article published in November 1969
4. Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979 (wd:Q131378741): United States federal statute
5. EVOLUTION in Chrysler Corporation's medical department (wd:Q78476671): scientific article published on 01 January 1959
6. corporation, also known as corporated entity (wd:Q167037): legal entity incorporated through a legislative or registration process
7. Chrysler, also known as Chrysler brand (wd:Q29610): US automotive brand
8. The Corporation, also known as Corporation (wd:Q1475460): 2003 film by Mark Achbar, Jennifer Abbott
9. Uponor, also known as Corporation (wd:Q1536068): Finnish business
10. corporation, also known as United States corporation, US corporation, U.S. corporation, Incorporated, Inc. (wd:Q57655560): business entity in the United States incorporated under any state or territorial statute

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Chrysler Corporation" as an automotive manufacturer is "Stellantis North America" (wd:Q181114), which has also been known as Chrysler Corporation, Chrysler LLC, and FCA US.

Next, we need to find the property that represents ownership or parent company, and then see how to specify the year 2011 (likely via qualifiers such as "point in time" or "start/end time").

Step 2: Search for properties related to "ownership" or "owner".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. owned by, also known as belongs to, stockholders, stockholder, shareholders, shareholder (wd:P127 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): owner of the subject
2. owner of, also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of (wd:P1830 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): entities owned by the subject
3. has subsidiary, also known as subordinate body, subsidiary body, subordinate unit, subsidiary, subsidiary company (wd:P355 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully owned...siness division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749)., has part(s), owner of
4. copyright holder, also known as licensor, proprietor, copyright owner, copyright ‘owner’ (wd:P3931 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or organisation who holds the copyright of a work according to the Berne Convention, owned by
5. beneficial owner, also known as beneficial ownership, UBO (wd:P12621 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): natural person or persons who ultimately owns or controls a company or organisation
6. properties for this type, also known as uses properties, Wikidata properties for this type, Wikidata properties for this class, uses property, things one could say about (wd:P1963 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): when this subject is used as object of “instance of”, the following properties normally apply
7. Wikidata property, also known as main property, property for this item, property, has property (wd:P1687 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): main Wikidata property for this item
8. has characteristic, also known as has quality, inherent property, object has characteristic, parameter, quality (wd:P1552 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): inherent or distinguishing quality or feature of the entity. Use a more specific property when possible
9. afterward owned by, also known as subsequently owned by, purchased by, owned after by, new owner, bought by (wd:P11812 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or institution that owned the subject after stated event....ficant event (P793)" for events like sales, auctions, gifts, etc
10. leased to, also known as lessee (wd:P13047 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or organisation that holds or was granted a lease on the subject, occupant

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for ownership is "owned by" (wdt:P127).

Now, we need to check if the ownership information for Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) includes qualifiers for time, so we can filter for the year 2011.

Step 3: List triples where Stellantis North America is the subject and "owned by" (wdt:P127) is the property, to see if there are time qualifiers.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property            | object                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) | owned by (wdt:P127) | Stellantis (wd:Q97439162) |

[Assistant]
The direct "owned by" property currently points to Stellantis (wd:Q97439162), but this is the present owner. To find the owner in 2011, we need to check the full statement (not just the direct property) to see if there are qualifiers for time (start/end date) or "point in time".

Step 4: List all triples (full statements) where Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) is the subject and P127 ("owned by") is the property, to check for qualifiers.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property          | object                                         |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) | owned by (p:P127) | s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae |

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                        | property              | object                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | owned by (ps:P127)    | Stellantis (wd:Q97439162)                    |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | start time (pq:P580)  | 2021-01-16T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)          |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | wikibase:rank         | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | rdf:type              | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | prov:wasDerivedFrom   | ref:64a55cd2156959c80115e57597614772ad320886 |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | start time (pqv:P580) | v:348e732dabe8383809ebd01e184db783           |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | rdf:type              | wikibase:Statement                           |
| s:Q181114-204b06bd-49ca-04a7-b398-f5652b02baae | prov:wasDerivedFrom   | ref:d416ed307bc452b4f889e47d0cf887c3c4d36953 |

[Assistant]
The only ownership statement for Stellantis North America (Chrysler Corporation) is for Stellantis, with a start time of 2021. This means that Stellantis was not the owner in 2011.

To find the owner in 2011, we need to check for previous owners. Let's look for other properties that might indicate previous ownership, such as "parent organization" (P749), or check the history of the company.

Step 5: Search for properties of Stellantis North America related to "parent organization".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. parent organization, also known as parent company, parent institution, parent organisation, parent unit, part of (wd:P749 as p/wdt): parent organization of an organization, opposite of subsidiaries (P355), owned by, part of
2. has subsidiary, also known as subordinate body, subsidiary body, subordinate unit, subsidiary, subsidiary company (wd:P355 as p/wdt): subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully owned...siness division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749)., has part(s), owner of
3. owned by, also known as belongs to, stockholders, stockholder, shareholders, shareholder (wd:P127 as p/wdt): owner of the subject
4. director / manager, also known as leader, manager, manager/director, managing director, Officer-in-Charge (wd:P1037 as p/wdt): person who manages any kind of group, significant person
5. owner of, also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt): entities owned by the subject
6. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as p/wdt): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
7. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as p/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
8. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as p/wdt): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
9. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as p/wdt): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
10. logo image, also known as masthead, wordmark, trademark, trade mark, sign (wd:P154 as p/wdt): graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products, icon

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property                       | object                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------- |
| Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) | parent organization (wdt:P749) | Stellantis (wd:Q97439162) |

[Assistant]
The "parent organization" property also currently points to Stellantis, which only became the owner in 2021. To find historical ownership, we need to look at the full statements for "parent organization" (P749) to see if there are older statements with time qualifiers.

Step 6: List all full statements (p:P749) for Stellantis North America to check for historical parent organizations and their time qualifiers.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property                     | object                                         |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) | parent organization (p:P749) | s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 |

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                        | property                      | object                              |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | start time (pq:P580)          | 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | parent organization (ps:P749) | Stellantis (wd:Q97439162)           |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | wikibase:rank                 | wikibase:NormalRank                 |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | rdf:type                      | wikibase:BestRank                   |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | start time (pqv:P580)         | v:068defc300d06ed22eb72f44c2fe8914  |
| s:Q181114-f692eaf3-477b-e6d4-8849-6cb6466c20e6 | rdf:type                      | wikibase:Statement                  |

[Assistant]
The only "parent organization" statement for Stellantis North America is also for Stellantis, starting in 2021. There are no earlier statements for previous parent organizations or owners.

Since Wikidata does not provide direct historical ownership for Chrysler Corporation for 2011, let's try another approach: search for entities related to "Chrysler" and see if there are any with ownership statements covering the 2011 period, such as "Fiat" or "Fiat Chrysler Automobiles", as it is known that Fiat acquired Chrysler around that time.

Step 7: Search for "Fiat Chrysler Automobiles" in Wikidata to check for relevant ownership statements.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, also known as Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Group, FCA Group, FCA, Fiat Chrysler (wd:Q15678788): Italian-American multinational automotive manufacturing (2014-2021)
2. Stellantis Italy, also known as FCA Italy, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Italy), Fiat Group Automobiles, Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. (wd:Q3744458): Italian automobile manufacturer
3. Fiat Ireland, also known as FCA Ireland, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Ireland, Stellantis Ireland (wd:Q80900581): automotive company in Ireland
4. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (France) (wd:Q30291797): company in Paris, France
5. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (United Kingdom), also known as FCA (wd:Q55454107): company in London, United Kingdom
6. Stellantis United States, also known as Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (United States) (wd:Q29122922): business
7. Fiat, also known as Fiat Automobiles, Torino Italian Automobile Manufacturer, Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. (wd:Q27597): automotive and aircraft brand manufacturing subsidiary of FCA Italy
8. GAC Fiat Chrysler, also known as GAC FCA, GAC Fiat Automobiles Co., Ltd. (wd:Q1164191): Chinese automobile manufacturing company
9. Fiat and Chrysler, negotiating for survival (wd:Q61039742)
10. Fiat Automobiles halt production for nine days (wd:Q17754169): Wikinews article

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                  | property            | object                          |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (wdt:P127) | UBS (wd:Q193199)                |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (wdt:P127) | The Vanguard Group (wd:Q849363) |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (wdt:P127) | Exor (wd:Q1384140)              |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (wdt:P127) | Tiger Management (wd:Q7801440)  |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                  | property          | object                                           |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (p:P127) | s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (p:P127) | s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (p:P127) | s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | owned by (p:P127) | s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                          | property               | object                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | owned by (ps:P127)     | Exor (wd:Q1384140)                           |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | proportion (pq:P1107)  | 0.287 (xsd:decimal)                          |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | wikibase:rank          | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | rdf:type               | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | prov:wasDerivedFrom    | ref:fa278ebfc458360e5aed63d5058cca83c46134f1 |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | proportion (pqv:P1107) | v:76569c7e70834a258148ae26c531a760           |
| s:Q15678788-36856720-CA11-4369-94C0-2068157E0596 | rdf:type               | wikibase:Statement                           |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                          | property               | object                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | owned by (ps:P127)     | UBS (wd:Q193199)                             |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | proportion (pq:P1107)  | 0.0435 (xsd:decimal)                         |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | wikibase:rank          | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | rdf:type               | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | prov:wasDerivedFrom    | ref:fa278ebfc458360e5aed63d5058cca83c46134f1 |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | proportion (pqv:P1107) | v:5654d78a4838b339d22ffbedbfc79da0           |
| s:Q15678788-62a06c28-443e-0f87-09d2-7732e25238b9 | rdf:type               | wikibase:Statement                           |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                          | property               | object                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | owned by (ps:P127)     | Tiger Management (wd:Q7801440)               |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | proportion (pq:P1107)  | 0.0479 (xsd:decimal)                         |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | wikibase:rank          | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | rdf:type               | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | prov:wasDerivedFrom    | ref:fa278ebfc458360e5aed63d5058cca83c46134f1 |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | proportion (pqv:P1107) | v:cf45f88b192a1931c07fa9b79ffa8b4b           |
| s:Q15678788-9ba4adf2-4f20-6807-cd8e-ab2b7590f808 | rdf:type               | wikibase:Statement                           |

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                          | property               | object                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | owned by (ps:P127)     | The Vanguard Group (wd:Q849363)              |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | proportion (pq:P1107)  | 0.0193 (xsd:decimal)                         |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | wikibase:rank          | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | rdf:type               | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | prov:wasDerivedFrom    | ref:0b215d24bffe3ac55fc68e00196b39df1b23aae7 |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | proportion (pqv:P1107) | v:c42bb4ca6992371aa8030d3fa9ffa772           |
| s:Q15678788-e63cde8f-404a-74ce-995c-040d35c02558 | rdf:type               | wikibase:Statement                           |

[Assistant]
None of the ownership statements for Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) have time qualifiers, so we cannot determine the owner for 2011 directly from these statements.

Given the lack of time-specific ownership data for Chrysler Corporation or its successors in Wikidata, the best we can do is to query for all owners of Chrysler Corporation (Stellantis North America) and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, as these are the relevant entities, and present their owners. However, based on historical knowledge, Fiat S.p.A. (Fiat) became the majority owner of Chrysler in 2011.

Let's write a SPARQL query that retrieves all owners (wdt:P127) of Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114) and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788), including optional labels, so the user can see the available data.

Final step: Write the SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the current owners of the entities associated with Chrysler Corporation, but it does not address the user's explicit request for ownership in 2011. The answer acknowledges the lack of time-specific ownership data in Wikidata, but the query itself does not attempt to filter or search for ownership statements with a time qualifier (e.g., using qualifiers like 'start time' (P580) and 'end time' (P582)).

To improve, the query should attempt to retrieve ownership statements with time qualifiers and filter for those that include 2011, or at least explain in the answer that such qualifiers are not present in the data. This would make the answer and the query more aligned with the user's question.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To refine the answer, I will:

1. Attempt to retrieve ownership (P127) statements for Chrysler Corporation (Stellantis North America, wd:Q181114) and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) that have time qualifiers (start time P580 and/or end time P582).
2. Filter for statements where the year 2011 falls within the ownership period, or where no end time is present and the start time is before or in 2011.
3. If no such statements exist, I will explicitly show this in the query and explain in the answer.

Step 1: Write a SPARQL query to retrieve owners with time qualifiers and filter for those valid in 2011.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 4 columns:
| company                                  | owner                           | start | end |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----- | --- |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | Exor (wd:Q1384140)              |       |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | UBS (wd:Q193199)                |       |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | Tiger Management (wd:Q7801440)  |       |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | The Vanguard Group (wd:Q849363) |       |     |

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 4 columns:
| company                                  | owner                           | start                               | end |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --- |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | Exor (wd:Q1384140)              |                                     |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | UBS (wd:Q193199)                |                                     |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | Tiger Management (wd:Q7801440)  |                                     |     |
| Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (wd:Q15678788) | The Vanguard Group (wd:Q849363) |                                     |     |
| Stellantis North America (wd:Q181114)    | Stellantis (wd:Q97439162)       | 2021-01-16T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |     |

[Assistant]
The refined query shows that Wikidata does not provide any ownership statements for Chrysler Corporation (Stellantis North America) or Fiat Chrysler Automobiles with explicit start or end times covering 2011. The only ownership statement with a time qualifier is for Stellantis North America, starting in 2021 (after 2011). All other ownership statements lack time qualifiers, so we cannot definitively determine the owner for 2011 from Wikidata data.

Here is the improved SPARQL query, which attempts to filter for ownership valid in 2011, and the answer reflecting the data situation:

```sparql
SELECT ?company ?owner ?start ?end WHERE {
  VALUES ?company { wd:Q181114 wd:Q15678788 }
  ?company p:P127 ?ownershipStatement .
  ?ownershipStatement ps:P127 ?owner .
  OPTIONAL { ?ownershipStatement pq:P580 ?start. }
  OPTIONAL { ?ownershipStatement pq:P582 ?end. }
  FILTER((!BOUND(?start) || ?start <= "2011-12-31"^^xsd:date) && (!BOUND(?end) || ?end >= "2011-01-01"^^xsd:date))
}
```

Now, I will provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is well-constructed for the available data: it attempts to retrieve ownership statements for Chrysler Corporation and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, filtering for those valid in 2011. However, the answer could be improved by clarifying that the returned owners (Exor, UBS, Tiger Management, The Vanguard Group) are listed as owners without time qualifiers, and thus may or may not have been owners in 2011. The answer should explicitly state that these are the only entities Wikidata lists as owners, but due to missing time qualifiers, we cannot confirm their ownership specifically for 2011. Additionally, the query should ideally return the IRIs of the owners, not just their labels, to fully comply with the guidelines.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?occupation ?occupationLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q302 wdt:P106 ?occupation .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?occupation rdfs:label ?occupationLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?occupationLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| occupation                      | occupationLabel       |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| rabbi (wd:Q133485)              | rabbi (en)            |
| thaumaturge (wd:Q1349880)       | thaumaturge (en)      |
| carpenter (wd:Q154549)          | carpenter (en)        |
| religious leader (wd:Q15995642) | religious leader (en) |
| father of faith (wd:Q2142783)   | father of faith (en)  |
| ...                             | ...                   |
| teacher (wd:Q37226)             | teacher (en)          |
| prophet (wd:Q42857)             | prophet (en)          |
| preacher (wd:Q432386)           | preacher (en)         |
| Messiah (wd:Q51626)             | Messiah (en)          |
| tektōn (wd:Q7695510)            | tektōn (en)           |

According to Wikidata, Jesus is associated with several occupations: rabbi, thaumaturge, carpenter, religious leader, father of faith, teacher, prophet, preacher, Messiah, and tektōn. The query now returns both the IRIs and English labels for these occupations.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what did jesus do for living?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the occupation or profession of Jesus.
2. I need to identify the entity for "Jesus" and the property related to "occupation" or "what someone did for a living."
3. I will search for the entity "Jesus" in Wikidata first.

Let's proceed to search for the entity "Jesus".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jesus, also known as The Messiah, Son of Man, The Saviour, Lord of Lords, Saviour of the world (wd:Q302): central figure of Christianity (6 or 4 BC – AD 30 or 33), religious leader, father of faith, thaumaturge, carpenter, preacher, Messiah, teacher, prophet, pastor, healer, tektōn, rabbi
2. Jesus in Islam, also known as Isa Masih, ʿĪsā ibn Maryam, Jesus, Isa (wd:Q51664): penultimate prophet and eschatological figure in Islam, missionary, preacher
3. Jesus, also known as The Jesus Film, Word-for-Word, the Bible on Video: Gospel of Luke (wd:Q575248): 1979 film directed by Peter Sykes and John Krish
4. Jesus (wd:Q614950): 1999 Biblical telefilm directed by Roger Young
5. Jesus, also known as Jesus (first name), Jesus (given name) (wd:Q1158269): male given name
6. Jesús, also known as Jesús, Paraguay, Jesus, Paraguay, Jesus de Tavarangue, Jesús de Tavarangüé, Jesus (wd:Q1688403): district of Paraguay
7. Jesús, also known as Jesus, Jesus, Peru, Jesús, Peru (wd:Q125646): human settlement in Peru
8. Aaron Aguilera, also known as Jesús, Zodiac, Uno, Lujo Esquire (wd:Q2544720): American professional wrestler and actor, professional wrestler, television actor, film actor
9. Jesús (wd:Q27959449): 2016 film by Fernando Guzzoni
10. Ezequiel Guillermo Jesus Amaya, also known as Jesús (wd:Q5423218): association football player, Argentine footballer

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Jesus" as the central figure of Christianity is wd:Q302.

Next, I need to find the property in Wikidata that corresponds to "occupation" or "what someone did for a living." I will search for the property "occupation."

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
2. field of this occupation, also known as practice, works in, profession's field, practices, field of this profession (wd:P425 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): field corresponding to this occupation or profession (use only f...fessions - for people use Property:P101, for companies use P452)
3. members have occupation, also known as profession of members, organization of, organization for, organisation of, organisation for (wd:P3989 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): some or all members of this group share the occupation
4. practiced by, also known as proponent, studied by, practitioners, practioner, occupation of this field (wd:P3095 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): type of agents that study this subject or work in this field
5. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
6. employer, also known as working at, working for, working place, works at, works for (wd:P108 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or organization for which the subject works or worked, affiliation
7. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
8. occupant, also known as tenant, resident, renter, occupiers, lessee (wd:P466 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or organization occupying property, used by
9. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
10. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location

[Assistant]
The property "occupation" (wd:P106) is the most relevant for "what someone did for a living."

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the occupations of Jesus (wd:Q302) using the property "occupation" (wd:P106). I will also try to get labels for the occupations for better readability, but will make them optional as per instructions.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| occupation                      | occupationLabel       |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| rabbi (wd:Q133485)              | rabbi (en)            |
| thaumaturge (wd:Q1349880)       | thaumaturge (en)      |
| carpenter (wd:Q154549)          | carpenter (en)        |
| religious leader (wd:Q15995642) | religious leader (en) |
| father of faith (wd:Q2142783)   | father of faith (en)  |
| ...                             | ...                   |
| teacher (wd:Q37226)             | teacher (en)          |
| prophet (wd:Q42857)             | prophet (en)          |
| preacher (wd:Q432386)           | preacher (en)         |
| Messiah (wd:Q51626)             | Messiah (en)          |
| tektōn (wd:Q7695510)            | tektōn (en)           |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the occupations of Jesus (wd:Q302) using the property wdt:P106. However, the query only returns the IRIs of the occupations and does not provide human-readable labels, which would make the answer more understandable to users. To improve the output, add OPTIONAL {?occupation rdfs:label ?occupationLabel. FILTER (lang(?occupationLabel) = 'en')} to the query so that both the IRIs and English labels of the occupations are returned. This will make the answer more user-friendly while still adhering to the requirement that IRIs are always included.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the occupations associated with Jesus (wd:Q302) from Wikidata, returning both the IRIs and optional English labels for each occupation. The answer is accurate, the query follows all guidelines, and the output is complete and relevant to the user's question. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?venue WHERE {
  wd:Q599903 wdt:P115 ?venue .
}

The Ireland national rugby union team plays its home matches at Aviva Stadium (wd:Q244402).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where do ireland play rugby union?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the locations (venues or stadiums) where the Ireland national rugby union team plays its matches.
2. We need to identify the entity for the Ireland national rugby union team.
3. Then, we need to find the property that links a sports team to its home venue(s) or stadium(s).
4. Finally, we will construct a query to retrieve the stadium(s) or venue(s) where Ireland plays rugby union.

First, let's search for the entity "Ireland national rugby union team" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Ireland rugby union team, also known as Ireland national rugby team, Ireland national rugby union team (wd:Q599903): Men’s rugby union team representing the island of Ireland
2. Ireland women's national rugby union team (wd:Q3589823): women’s rugby union team representing the island of Ireland
3. Ireland national rugby union sevens team, also known as Ireland national rugby sevens team, Ireland sevens rugby team (wd:Q7902223): national sevens rugby team
4. Ireland national under-20 rugby union team (wd:Q6068684): rugby team
5. Ireland national schoolboy rugby union team (wd:Q6068681): sports team
6. Ireland women's national rugby union sevens team, also known as Ireland women's national sevens team (wd:Q6068719): sevens national rugby team
7. History of the Ireland national rugby union team (wd:Q23808242)
8. national rugby union team (wd:Q58840819): rugby union team that represents a country in international competitions
9. England national rugby union team, also known as England rugby union team, England rugby team, England national rugby team, England Rugby (wd:Q378628): Men’s rugby union team representing England
10. France national rugby union team, also known as France national rugby team, France rugby team, France rugby union team (wd:Q518116): Men’s rugby union team representing France

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the Ireland national rugby union team is wd:Q599903.

Next, we need to find the property that links a sports team to its home venue(s) or stadium(s). Let's search for properties related to "venue" or "stadium" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. home venue, also known as home water, venue, stadium, home ground, home field (wd:P115 as p/wdt): home stadium or venue of a sports team or applicable performing arts organization, location
2. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as p/wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
3. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as p/wdt): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
4. ranking, also known as peak position, place, placing, position, rank (wd:P1352 as p/wdt): subject's ordinal position as qualitatively evaluated relative to other members of a group
5. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as p/wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
6. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as p/wdt): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
7. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as p/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
8. head coach, also known as team manager, trainer, senior coach, manager, coached by (wd:P286 as p/wdt): on-field manager or head coach of a sports club (not to be confu...eneral manager P505, which is not a coaching position) or person
9. nickname, also known as informal name, moniker, other name, othername, other_names (wd:P1449 as p/wdt): informal name (for a pseudonym use P742), name
10. competition won, also known as won event, won, winner of, victory (wd:P2522 as p/wdt): competition or sports event won by the subject, participant in

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "home venue" (wdt:P115), which is used to indicate the home stadium or venue of a sports team.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the home venue(s) (stadium(s)) of the Ireland national rugby union team (wd:Q599903), and also try to retrieve their labels for clarity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| venue                      | venueLabel         |
| -------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Aviva Stadium (wd:Q244402) | Aviva Stadium (en) |

[Tool]
Got 275 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                               | property                         | object                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | national rugby union team (wd:Q58840819)         |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | country (wdt:P17)                | United Kingdom (wd:Q145)                         |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Ireland national rugby union team                |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | location (wdt:P276)              | Ireland (wd:Q22890)                              |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | inception (wdt:P571)             | 1875-02-15T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)              |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | sport (wdt:P641)                 | rugby union (wd:Q5849)                           |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | official website (wdt:P856)      | <https://www.irishrugby.ie/ireland/men/>         |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | different from (wdt:P1889)       | Ireland national rugby league team (wd:Q3589812) |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | participant in (wdt:P1344)       | 2015 Rugby World Cup (wd:Q393491)                |
| Ireland rugby union team (wd:Q599903) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q8553707                                      |
| ...                                   | ...                              | ...                                              |

[Assistant]
The Ireland national rugby union team plays its home matches at Aviva Stadium (wd:Q244402).

Here is the final SPARQL query that retrieves the venue(s) where Ireland plays rugby union:

```sparql
SELECT ?venue WHERE {
  wd:Q599903 wdt:P115 ?venue .
}
```

The answer is: Aviva Stadium (wd:Q244402).

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the home venue (Aviva Stadium) for the Ireland national rugby union team using the appropriate entity (wd:Q599903) and property (wd:P115). The answer is accurate and the query follows all specified rules. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?team WHERE {
  wd:Q119562 wdt:P54 ?team
}

Got 8 rows and 1 column:
| team                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Argentina national under-20 football team (wd:Q1187790)        |
| Club Atlético Independiente (wd:Q214978)                       |
| Argentina national under-23 football team (wd:Q2462207)        |
| Argentina national under-17 football team (wd:Q2902690)        |
| Manchester City F.C. (wd:Q50602)                               |
| FC Barcelona (wd:Q7156)                                        |
| Argentina men's national association football team (wd:Q79800) |
| Atlético de Madrid (wd:Q8701)                                  |

Sergio Agüero played for the following teams: Argentina national under-17 football team (wd:Q2902690), Argentina national under-20 football team (wd:Q1187790), Argentina national under-23 football team (wd:Q2462207), Argentina men's national association football team (wd:Q79800), Club Atlético Independiente (wd:Q214978), Atlético de Madrid (wd:Q8701), Manchester City F.C. (wd:Q50602), and FC Barcelona (wd:Q7156).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what team did aguero play for?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the teams that "Aguero" played for.
2. "Aguero" likely refers to the famous footballer Sergio Agüero.
3. We need to identify the correct Wikidata entity for Sergio Agüero.
4. Then, we need to find the property that links a football player to the teams they have played for.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Aguero" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Agüero, also known as Agüero, Huesca (wd:Q399683): municipality in the province of Huesca, Spain
2. Agüero (wd:Q3296607): metro station in Buenos Aires
3. Agüero (wd:Q24013451): in Huesca province, Spain
4. Agüero (wd:Q61754610): family name
5. Aguero (wd:Q21491256): family name
6. Blanka Aguero, also known as Aguero, B.Shaw, Blanka Shaw (wd:Q21608757): bryologist, botanist
7. Sergio Agüero, also known as Sergio Leonel Agüero del Castillo (wd:Q119562): Argentine association football player, association football player, online streamer, businessperson
8. Taismary Agüero (wd:Q2590488): beach volleyball player, volleyball player
9. Fernando Agüero (wd:Q888684): politician (1920-2011), politician
10. Pablo Agüero (wd:Q3359955): Argentine film director, film director, screenwriter, director

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Aguero" as a footballer is Sergio Agüero (wd:Q119562).

Next, I need to find the property that links a football player to the teams they have played for. This is likely something like "member of sports team" or "played for club". I will search for properties related to "team" for Sergio Agüero.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. member of sports team, also known as plays for, played for, sport team, team, team played for (wd:P54 as p/wdt): sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented, member of
2. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as p/wdt): position or specialism of a player on a team
3. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as p/wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
4. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
5. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
6. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as p/wdt): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
7. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
8. participant, also known as suspect, player, party, participants, has participant (wd:P710 as p/wdt): person, group of people or organization (object) that actively t...ct has role" (P3831). Use P1923 for participants that are teams., significant person
9. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
10. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "member of sports team" (wdt:P54) is the correct one to use for finding the teams that Sergio Agüero played for.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find all teams (entities) that Sergio Agüero (wd:Q119562) has been a member of, returning their IRIs and optionally their labels.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| team                                                           | teamLabel                                               |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| Argentina national under-20 football team (wd:Q1187790)        | Argentina national under-20 football team (en)          |
| Club Atlético Independiente (wd:Q214978)                       | Club Atlético Independiente (en)                        |
| Argentina national under-23 football team (wd:Q2462207)        | Argentina national under-23 football team (en)          |
| Argentina national under-17 football team (wd:Q2902690)        | Argentina national under-17 football team (en)          |
| Manchester City F.C. (wd:Q50602)                               | Manchester City F.C. (en)                               |
| FC Barcelona (wd:Q7156)                                        | FC Barcelona (en)                                       |
| Argentina men's national association football team (wd:Q79800) | Argentina men's national association football team (en) |
| Atlético de Madrid (wd:Q8701)                                  | Atlético de Madrid (en)                                 |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves all teams that Sergio Agüero played for by using the property 'member of sports team' (wdt:P54) for the entity wd:Q119562 (Sergio Agüero). The answer lists all relevant teams, and the query returns the actual IRIs of the items as required. No further refinement is necessary.