PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?paul ?description ?occupation ?occupationLabel ?dob ?dod ?pob ?pobLabel ?pod ?podLabel ?notableWork ?notableWorkLabel WHERE {
  BIND( wd:Q9200 AS ?paul ) OPTIONAL {
    ?paul schema:description ?description .
    FILTER ( lang( ?description ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P106 ?occupation .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?occupation rdfs:label ?occupationLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?occupationLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P569 ?dob
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P570 ?dod
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P19 ?pob .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?pob rdfs:label ?pobLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?pobLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P20 ?pod .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?pod rdfs:label ?podLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?podLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?paul wdt:P800 ?notableWork .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?notableWork rdfs:label ?notableWorkLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?notableWorkLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
}

Got 7 rows and 12 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 columns below:
| paul                        | description                                                      | occupation                     | occupationLabel       | dob                                 | ... | pobLabel    | pod            | podLabel  | notableWork                   | notableWorkLabel      |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --- | ----------- | -------------- | --------- | ----------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | theologian (wd:Q1234713)       | theologian (en)       | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | artisan (wd:Q1294787)          | artisan (en)          | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | rabbi (wd:Q133485)             | rabbi (en)            | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | missionary (wd:Q219477)        | missionary (en)       | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | traveler (wd:Q22813352)        | traveler (en)         | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | writer (wd:Q36180)             | writer (en)           | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | religious figure (wd:Q4504549) | religious figure (en) | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |

Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200), also known as Saul of Tarsus, was an early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65). He was a theologian, artisan, rabbi, missionary, traveler, writer, and religious figure. He was born in Tarsus and died in Rome. His notable works include the Pauline epistles.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who was saint paul the apostle?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about "saint paul the apostle"—they want to know who he was.
2. I need to identify the entity for "saint paul the apostle" in Wikidata.
3. Then, I should retrieve information about him—such as his description, occupation, notable works, and other relevant properties.

First, I will search for the entity "saint paul the apostle" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Paul the Apostle, also known as Saul of Tarsus, Saulus, Šā'ûl, Saul, Saint Paulus (wd:Q9200): Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65), religious figure, missionary, theologian, traveler, artisan, writer, rabbi
2. San Paolo convent, also known as Saint Paul the Apostle, San Paolo (Ferrara) - Convent (wd:Q124151525): convent at the church of San Paolo, Ferrara, Italy
3. San Paolo al Cimitero, also known as Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q123987072): religious building at the cemetery of Sassari, Italy
4. San Paolo, also known as Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q118516744): religious building in Biancareddu, Sassari, Italy
5. Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q19859112): painting by José Ferraz de Almeida Júnior
6. Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q118591287): painting by Spanish School, Wellcome Collection
7. The apostle Saint Paul (wd:Q121546195): painting by Anthony van Dyck
8. St. Paul the Apostle Church, also known as Saint Paul the Apostle Church (wd:Q7591285): church in New York, United States
9. Saint Paul the Apostle writing (wd:Q123163634): painting by Lambert Jacobsz
10. Church of St Paul, 1651 Shettleston Road, Glasgow, also known as 1651 Shettleston Road, Church Of St Paul, Church of Saint Paul the Apostle (wd:Q17815655): church building in Glasgow, Scotland, UK

[Assistant]
The top result for "saint paul the apostle" is wd:Q9200, which refers to Paul the Apostle, also known as Saul of Tarsus. He was an early Christian apostle and missionary.

Next, to answer "who was saint paul the apostle?", I should retrieve key information about wd:Q9200, such as his description, occupations, notable works, and any other relevant biographical data.

I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve:
- The entity IRI
- Description (schema:description)
- Occupation (wdt:P106)
- Date of birth (wdt:P569)
- Date of death (wdt:P570)
- Place of birth (wdt:P19)
- Place of death (wdt:P20)
- Notable works (wdt:P800)
- Optional: labels for these properties

Let me build and execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 12 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 columns below:
| paul                        | description                                                      | occupation                     | occupationLabel       | dob                                 | ... | pobLabel    | pod            | podLabel  | notableWork                   | notableWorkLabel      |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --- | ----------- | -------------- | --------- | ----------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | theologian (wd:Q1234713)       | theologian (en)       | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | artisan (wd:Q1294787)          | artisan (en)          | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | rabbi (wd:Q133485)             | rabbi (en)            | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | missionary (wd:Q219477)        | missionary (en)       | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | traveler (wd:Q22813352)        | traveler (en)         | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | writer (wd:Q36180)             | writer (en)           | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |
| Paul the Apostle (wd:Q9200) | Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65) (en) | religious figure (wd:Q4504549) | religious figure (en) | 0005-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | ... | Tarsus (en) | Rome (wd:Q220) | Rome (en) | Pauline epistles (wd:Q265283) | Pauline epistles (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-constructed and follows all the required rules. It returns the IRI for Saint Paul the Apostle and includes relevant optional information such as description, occupations, birth and death details, and notable works. All additional human-readable information is retrieved via OPTIONAL clauses, and the query does not use any non-standard SPARQL features. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?school ( SAMPLE( ?label ) AS ?schoolLabel ) WHERE {
  wd:Q182658 wdt:P69 ?school .
  ?school wdt:P31 wd:Q3914 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?school rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = "en" )
  }
}
GROUP BY ?school

Harper Lee attended Monroe County High School (wd:Q6902164) for high school.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did harper lee attend high school?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Harper Lee".
2. The property is "attended high school" or "educated at" with a focus on high school.

First, I will search for the entity "Harper Lee" in Wikidata to get the correct identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Harper Lee, also known as Nelle Harper Lee (wd:Q182658): American author, prose writer, screenwriter, poet lawyer, novelist, musician, writer, actor
2. Lee Harper, also known as Lee Charles Philip Harper (wd:Q6513809): Footballer and manager (born 1971), association football manager, association football player
3. Lee Harper (wd:Q1811814): American musician (1945–2010), jazz guitarist, musician
4. Ron Harper, also known as Ronald Lee Harper (wd:Q7363883): Canadian politician, politician
5. Harper B. Lee, also known as Harper Baylor Lee, James Harper Gillett (wd:Q3127694): American matador (1884-1941), matador
6. Harper Lee Award (wd:Q107354207): award for Alabama writers
7. Harper Lee Kaye (wd:Q88315759): researcher
8. Jonathan Lee Harper (wd:Q102342439): Ph.D. Montana State University 2007
9. Eric Harper, also known as Eric Lee Harper (wd:Q116510885): guitarist, composer, musician
10. Gloria Harper Lee (wd:Q117517845): Cousin of Monica Hargrove, interviewee of Dartmouth Black Lives

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Harper Lee is wd:Q182658.

Next, I need to find the property related to "attended high school" or "educated at". I will search for properties related to "high school" first.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
2. movement, also known as subculture, trend, scientific movement, school, philosophical movement (wd:P135 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): literary, artistic, scientific or philosophical movement or scen...ed with this person or work. For political ideologies use P1142.
3. student, also known as teacher to, teacher of, had student, students, pupils (wd:P802 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): notable student(s) of the subject individual, significant person
4. school class, also known as class, cohort, grade, school cohort, stage (wd:P7174 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): (qualifier) class of a given year/time period to which the person belonged in an educational institution
5. connects with, also known as contacts, couples with, intersects at grade, links to, mates with (wd:P2789 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): item with which the item is physically connected, physically interacts with
6. CEEB K-12 school code, also known as CEEB code, K–12 (wd:P7801 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): code issued by the College Board for K-12 schools
7. athletics program, also known as school district athletics program, school district sports program, school sports program, sports program, university athletics program (wd:P10607 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the name of a school's athletics program, as opposed to individual teams in particular sports, represented by
8. Historic Environment Scotland ID, also known as HB number, HES ID, HESID, HES number, HS ID (wd:P709 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): identifier for a building in the Historic Environment Scotland database
9. has part(s) of the class, also known as has part of class, nwere akụkụ(s) na-akpụ subclass nke, part of class, nwere akụkụ nke klaasị, part of the class (wd:P2670 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): the subject has one or more parts of the object class, has part(s)
10. student of, also known as professor, studied under, pupil of, tutor, mentor (wd:P1066 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person who has taught this person, significant person

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "educated at" (wdt:P69), which is used for educational institutions attended by a person, including high schools.

Now, I will check which institutions are linked to Harper Lee via "educated at" and see if any of them are high schools.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property              | object                                            |
| ----------------------- | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) | educated at (wdt:P69) | University of Alabama (wd:Q492318)                |
| Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) | educated at (wdt:P69) | Huntingdon College (wd:Q5945112)                  |
| Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) | educated at (wdt:P69) | University of Alabama School of Law (wd:Q7895034) |
| Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) | educated at (wdt:P69) | Monroe County High School (wd:Q6902164)           |
| Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) | educated at (wdt:P69) | University of Utah Health Care (wd:Q56582915)     |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| school                                  |
| --------------------------------------- |
| Monroe County High School (wd:Q6902164) |
| Monroe County High School (wd:Q6902164) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| school                                  |
| --------------------------------------- |
| Monroe County High School (wd:Q6902164) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query correctly identifies the school attended by Harper Lee, and the answer matches the expected result. However, the query unnecessarily retrieves the label (?label) and filters it for 'high school', which is not required by the user's question and could potentially miss relevant schools if their label does not contain 'high school' in English. The query should simply return all educational institutions (identifiers/IRIs) attended by Harper Lee, and optionally their labels in an OPTIONAL clause. This would make the query more robust and aligned with the user's request. Please refine the query accordingly.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: the query should simply return all educational institutions attended by Harper Lee, and optionally include their labels. Filtering by "high school" in the label is unnecessary and could miss relevant results. The user asked where Harper Lee attended high school, so we should return all institutions she attended, with their labels as optional information.

Here is the refined SPARQL query:

SELECT ?school (OPTIONAL { ?school rdfs:label ?label . FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en") })
WHERE {
  wd:Q182658 wdt:P69 ?school .
}

This query returns all educational institutions attended by Harper Lee (wd:Q182658), and optionally their English labels.

Now, I will provide this as the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves all educational institutions attended by Harper Lee, including Monroe County High School, which is the relevant answer to the user's question. However, the query returns all institutions, not just high schools. To improve precision and relevance, the query should filter for institutions that are high schools (e.g., by checking for the instance of 'high school' (wd:Q3914)). This would ensure that only Monroe County High School is returned, directly answering the user's question about high school attendance.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve precision, I will filter the results to only include institutions that are instances of "high school" (wd:Q3914). This way, only the relevant high school(s) attended by Harper Lee will be returned.

Here is my step-by-step plan:
1. Retrieve all educational institutions attended by Harper Lee (wd:Q182658) using wdt:P69.
2. Filter these institutions to only those that are instances of "high school" (wd:Q3914) using wdt:P31.
3. Optionally, include their English labels.

Here is the refined SPARQL query:

SELECT ?school (SAMPLE(?label) AS ?schoolLabel) WHERE {
  wd:Q182658 wdt:P69 ?school .
  ?school wdt:P31 wd:Q3914 .
  OPTIONAL { ?school rdfs:label ?label . FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?school

Now, I will provide this as the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT ?residence ?start ?end WHERE {
  wd:Q207 p:P551 ?statement .
  ?statement ps:P551 ?residence .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?statement pq:P580 ?start
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?statement pq:P582 ?end
  }
  FILTER ( ( BOUND( ?start ) && ?start >= "1946-01-01T00:00:00Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime && ?start <= "1964-12-31T23:59:59Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) || ( BOUND( ?end ) && ?end >= "1946-01-01T00:00:00Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime && ?end <= "1964-12-31T23:59:59Z" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) )
}

According to Wikidata, the only explicitly documented childhood residence for George W. Bush is the George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408), where he lived from 1952 to 1955. Other residences, such as Dallas, do not have time qualifiers, so it is not possible to confirm from Wikidata if he lived there as a child.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did george w bush live as a child?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The main entity is "George W. Bush".
2. The property of interest is "places where he lived as a child".

First, I need to identify the correct entity for George W. Bush in Wikidata. Then, I need to find the property that represents "place of residence" or more specifically, "childhood residence" if it exists.

Step 1: Search for the entity "George W. Bush".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. George W. Bush, also known as GWB, POTUS 43, George Bush, President Bush, Bush Jr. (wd:Q207): President of the United States from 2001 to 2009, motivational speaker, rugby union player, military officer, autobiographer, businessperson, statesperson, politician, financier, painter
2. George Washington Bush, also known as George W. Bush (wd:Q5545944): American pioneer, husbandry worker, employee, pioneer, trapper, farmer
3. George W. Bush (wd:Q104844437): 2020 television documentary film
4. George W. Bush (wd:Q111279895): episode of Dokument utifrån
5. George W. Bush (wd:Q47513370): painting by Robert A. Anderson
6. George W. Bush, also known as George Washington Bush (wd:Q94496272): operator of George W. Bush & Son, a shipping business in Delaware, United States (1824-1900), consignor, director, merchant
7. George H. W. Bush, also known as G H W Bush, George W. Bush Senior, GHWB, GHW Bush, G.H.W. Bush (wd:Q23505): President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, baseball player, aircraft pilot, autobiographer, naval officer, statesperson, entrepreneur, politician, diplomat
8. George W. Bush Presidential Center, also known as GWB Library, GWB Presidential Library, George W. Bush Presidential Library, George W. Bush Library, Bush Presidential Library (wd:Q1508430): Presidential library and museum for U.S. President George W. Bush, located in Dallas, Texas
9. George W. Bush Administration cabinet, also known as Bush Cabinet, George W. Bush Cabinet, Cabinet of George W. Bush, Cabinet George W. Bush, Cabinet Bush (wd:Q28464532): most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the fe...ent of the United States under the George W. Bush Administration
10. USS George W. Bush (wd:Q131753450): planned Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the former U.S. President is wd:Q207.

Next, I need to find the property related to "places lived" or more specifically "childhood residence". I'll start by searching for properties related to "residence".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as p/wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location
2. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as p/wdt): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
3. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as p/wdt): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
4. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
5. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
6. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
7. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
8. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
9. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as p/wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
10. Guardian topic ID, also known as Guardian, The Guardian topic, The Guardian topic ID (wd:P3106 as p/wdt): identifier for a topic at the Guardian newspaper website

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "residence" (wdt:P551), which covers places where a person has lived. There does not appear to be a more specific property for "childhood residence," so I will use "residence" and see what results are returned for George W. Bush.

Next, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the places where George W. Bush (wd:Q207) has lived (wdt:P551), and I will also try to retrieve labels for those places.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| residence                                   | residenceLabel                     |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (en) |
| Dallas (wd:Q16557)                          | Dallas (en)                        |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The current SPARQL query retrieves all places where George W. Bush has resided, but the question specifically asks about where he lived as a child. The property wdt:P551 (residence) does not distinguish between childhood and adult residences. To improve the answer, the query should attempt to filter for childhood residences, possibly by looking for qualifiers (such as 'start time', 'end time', or 'point in time') that overlap with his childhood years, or by using properties or statements specifically indicating childhood residence if available. If such qualifiers or properties are not present in Wikidata, this limitation should be noted in the answer.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: the property wdt:P551 (residence) does not distinguish between childhood and adult residences. To refine the answer, I should check if the residence statements for George W. Bush have qualifiers such as 'start time' (P580), 'end time' (P582), or 'point in time' (P585) that could indicate the period of residence. George W. Bush was born in 1946, so his childhood years would roughly be from 1946 to around 1964 (age 18).

Step 1: List all statements for George W. Bush with the property P551 (residence) to see if there are any qualifiers indicating time periods.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                  | property           | object                                      |
| ------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------------------------------- |
| George W. Bush (wd:Q207) | residence (p:P551) | s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d |
| George W. Bush (wd:Q207) | residence (p:P551) | s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39 |

[Assistant]
There are two residence statements for George W. Bush, each with a unique statement node. Next, I need to check if these statement nodes (s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d and s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39) have any qualifiers indicating the time period, such as 'start time' (P580), 'end time' (P582), or 'point in time' (P585).

I will list all properties for each of these statement nodes. Let's start with the first statement node.

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                     | property              | object                                       |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | start time (pq:P580)  | 1952-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)          |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | end time (pq:P582)    | 1955-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)          |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | residence (ps:P551)   | George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408)  |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | wikibase:rank         | wikibase:NormalRank                          |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | rdf:type              | wikibase:BestRank                            |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | prov:wasDerivedFrom   | ref:1e9ea5a1859c9d8513b94272f3553eab0fb03fdb |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | start time (pqv:P580) | v:2ce603358ee51010bf305c79de30684a           |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | end time (pqv:P582)   | v:4548faeb71015fa6e12d0a31dd3a9fe9           |
| s:Q207-0a56eb3c-4487-6b0d-20f4-59da7021ff3d | rdf:type              | wikibase:Statement                           |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                                     | property            | object              |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- |
| s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39 | residence (ps:P551) | Dallas (wd:Q16557)  |
| s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39 | wikibase:rank       | wikibase:NormalRank |
| s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39 | rdf:type            | wikibase:BestRank   |
| s:Q207-f8cc838c-41d2-fabd-c818-7e2c1ef90a39 | rdf:type            | wikibase:Statement  |

[Assistant]
The first residence statement (George W. Bush Childhood Home) has qualifiers for 'start time' (1952) and 'end time' (1955), which fall within his childhood years. The second residence statement (Dallas) does not have any time qualifiers, so we cannot confirm if it was specifically during his childhood.

Therefore, to answer the question as precisely as possible, I should construct a SPARQL query that retrieves only those residences for George W. Bush that have a 'start time' or 'end time' within his childhood years (1946–1964). If no time qualifiers are present, I will note this limitation.

Let's construct a query to retrieve residences with 'start time' or 'end time' between 1946 and 1964.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| residence                                   | start                               | end                                 |
| ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | 1952-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1955-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the residences of George W. Bush during his childhood years by filtering for start or end dates within his childhood period (1946-1964). The answer accurately reflects the query result and provides appropriate context about the limitations of the data. The query also returns the actual IRIs as required. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?governmentType ?governmentTypeLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?governmentType .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?governmentType rdfs:label ?governmentTypeLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?governmentTypeLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| governmentType                        | governmentTypeLabel           |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| representative democracy (wd:Q188759) | representative democracy (en) |
| constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614)   | constitutional monarchy (en)  |
| federation (wd:Q43702)                | federation (en)               |

Australia has the following types of government: representative democracy (wd:Q188759), constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614), and federation (wd:Q43702).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what type of government does australia have?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the type of government of Australia.
2. I need to identify the entity for "Australia" and the property for "type of government".

Step 1: Search for the entity "Australia".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Australia, also known as AU, The Commonwealth of Australia, Stria, Straya, Stralia (wd:Q408): country in Oceania
2. Australian continent, also known as New Holland, Sahul, Nova Hollandia, Meganesia, Australinea (wd:Q3960): continent in the Earth's Southern Hemisphere
3. Australia (wd:Q275180): 2008 film by Baz Luhrmann
4. Australia (wd:Q205546): 1989 film by Jean-Jacques Andrien
5. Australia (wd:Q4823546): 1996 single by Manic Street Preachers
6. Australia (wd:Q781244): board game
7. Australia (wd:Q16835533): Racehorse
8. Australia, also known as Australia (KA–5) (wd:Q4823541): yacht that raced in the Americas Cup
9. Australia (wd:Q4823543): 2000 album by Howie Day
10. Australia (wd:Q25907685): albedo feature on the planet Mercury

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the country Australia is wd:Q408.

Step 2: Now, I need to find the property related to "type of government". I'll search for properties related to "government".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. basic form of government, also known as form of government, government, type of government (wd:P122 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subject's government
2. head of government, also known as head of national government, mayor, premier, president, prime minister (wd:P6 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): head of the executive power of this town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body, director / manager, chairperson
3. capital, also known as administrative seat, seat of government, seat, principal place, location of capital (wd:P36 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): seat of government of a country, province, state or other type of administrative territorial entity
4. office held by head of government, also known as title of head of government, position of head of government, office of head of government, head of government's office, position held by head of government (wd:P1313 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): political office that is fulfilled by the head of the government of this item
5. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
6. authority, also known as executive authority, governed by, governing authority, governing body, has authority (wd:P797 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): entity having executive power on given entity
7. legislative body, also known as aboriginal council, Zila, Tehsil, rural council, representative body (wd:P194 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): legislative body governing this entity; political institution wi...ted representatives, such as a parliament/legislature or council
8. position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): persons who hold and/or held the position
9. maintained by, also known as custodian, maintenance, maintainer, held by, administrator (wd:P126 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person or organization in charge of keeping the subject (for instance an infrastructure) in functioning order
10. successful candidate, also known as election winner, winning candidate, winner of election, election won by, elected (wd:P991 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person(s) or political organization(s) elected after the election, candidate, winner

[Assistant]
The property "basic form of government" (wdt:P122) is the most relevant for the question.

Step 3: I will now construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the type(s) of government for Australia (wd:Q408) using the property wdt:P122. I will also try to get the label for the government type(s) for better readability.

Here is the query I will use:
```sparql
SELECT ?governmentType ?governmentTypeLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?governmentType .
  OPTIONAL { ?governmentType rdfs:label ?governmentTypeLabel . FILTER(LANG(?governmentTypeLabel) = "en") }
}
```
Now, I will execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| governmentType                        | governmentTypeLabel           |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| representative democracy (wd:Q188759) | representative democracy (en) |
| constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614)   | constitutional monarchy (en)  |
| federation (wd:Q43702)                | federation (en)               |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the types of government for Australia by querying the 'basic form of government' (wd:P122) property for Australia (wd:Q408). The query returns the IRIs of the government types and optionally their English labels, which matches the user's request. The answer is accurate and complete according to the data from Wikidata. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?team WHERE {
  wd:Q611891 wdt:P54 ?team
}

Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| team                                   |
| -------------------------------------- |
| New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

Archie Manning, Peyton Manning's dad, played for the following teams: New Orleans Saints (NFL), Minnesota Vikings (NFL), Houston Oilers (NFL, now known as the Tennessee Titans), and Ole Miss Rebels football (college team, University of Mississippi). Note: During Archie Manning's career, the Houston Oilers later became the Tennessee Titans.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what team did peyton manning's dad play for?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. "Peyton Manning's dad" refers to Archie Manning.
2. The question asks for the team(s) that Archie Manning played for.

Step 1: Find the entity for Peyton Manning.
Step 2: Find the property for "father" to get his dad.
Step 3: Find the entity for Archie Manning.
Step 4: Find the property for "member of sports team" or similar to get the teams Archie Manning played for.

Let's start by searching for "Peyton Manning" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Peyton Manning, also known as The Sheriff, Peyton Williams Manning (wd:Q7539): American football player (born 1976), American football player, restaurateur, voice actor, actor
2. Peyton Manning statue (wd:Q130406528): statue of Peyton Manning
3. Statue of Peyton Manning (wd:Q130641896): bronze sculpture in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S
4. Peyton Manning/Carrie Underwood, also known as Saturday Night Live S32E16, Saturday Night Live, season 32 episode 16 (wd:Q110036879): episode of Saturday Night Live (S32 E16)
5. Peyton Manning's Monologue (wd:Q110057291): sketch from Saturday Night Live
6. Peyton Manning Children’s Hospital at St.Vincent (wd:Q30293441): healthcare organization in Indianapolis, United States
7. Manning, also known as Manning, IA, Manning, Iowa (wd:Q2233616): city in Iowa, USA
8. Manning, also known as Manning, SC, Manning, South Carolina (wd:Q2025061): city in South Carolina, USA
9. Manning, also known as Manning, ND, Manning, North Dakota (wd:Q3286067): census-designated place in Dunn County, North Dakota, United States
10. Peyton, also known as Peyton, CO, Peyton, Colorado (wd:Q7179619): census-designated place in El Paso County, Colorado, United States

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as p/wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as p/wdt): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as p/wdt): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
4. sibling, also known as is sister of, is the brother of, is the sibling of, is the sister of, sib (wd:P3373 as p/wdt): the subject and the object have at least one common parent (brot...law, etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.), relative
5. family name, also known as clan name, last name, surname (wd:P734 as p/wdt): part of full name of person, name
6. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
7. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
8. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
9. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
10. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                   | property         | object                      |
| ------------------------- | ---------------- | --------------------------- |
| Peyton Manning (wd:Q7539) | father (wdt:P22) | Archie Manning (wd:Q611891) |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. member of sports team, also known as plays for, played for, sport team, team, team played for (wd:P54 as p/wdt): sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented, member of
2. position played on team / speciality, also known as position (on team), speciality, specialism, position, player position (wd:P413 as p/wdt): position or specialism of a player on a team
3. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as p/wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation
4. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
5. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as p/wdt): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
6. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
7. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
8. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
9. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as p/wdt): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
10. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as p/wdt): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                     | property                        | object                                 |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Archie Manning (wd:Q611891) | member of sports team (wdt:P54) | Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Archie Manning (wd:Q611891) | member of sports team (wdt:P54) | Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Archie Manning (wd:Q611891) | member of sports team (wdt:P54) | New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Archie Manning (wd:Q611891) | member of sports team (wdt:P54) | Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| team                                   |
| -------------------------------------- |
| New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer and the SPARQL query are mostly correct, but the answer should clarify that "Ole Miss Rebels football" is a college team, while the others are NFL teams. Additionally, the Tennessee Titans did not exist under that name during Archie Manning's career; he played for the Houston Oilers, which later became the Tennessee Titans. The answer should reflect the historically accurate team name. The SPARQL query is correct in returning the IRIs of the teams, but for clarity, consider adding OPTIONAL { ?team rdfs:label ?teamLabel } to provide human-readable team names, though this is not strictly necessary unless requested by the user.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Here’s how I will refine the answer and clarify the historical context:

1. The SPARQL query is correct in returning the IRIs of the teams Archie Manning played for.
2. To clarify: "Ole Miss Rebels football" is a college team, while the New Orleans Saints, Minnesota Vikings, and Houston Oilers (now known as the Tennessee Titans) are NFL teams.
3. The Wikidata entry for the "Tennessee Titans" (wd:Q320484) is used for the franchise, but during Archie Manning's career, the team was known as the Houston Oilers. I will clarify this in the answer.
4. I will add OPTIONAL { ?team rdfs:label ?teamLabel } to the query to provide human-readable team names, though this is not strictly necessary unless requested.

Here is the refined SPARQL query and answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the teams Archie Manning played for by using the appropriate property (wdt:P54) and entity (wd:Q611891). However, the query returns many duplicate rows for each team, which is unnecessary. To improve the query, add the DISTINCT modifier to ensure each team is only listed once. Additionally, the OPTIONAL clause for the label is not used in the SELECT statement, so it can be omitted or included as an optional output if labels are desired. The answer provided is accurate and complete, but the query should be refined for efficiency and clarity.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?writer WHERE {
  wd:Q83099 wdt:P676 ?writer
}

Rabindranath Tagore (wd:Q7241) wrote the lyrics of Jana Gana Mana.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who wrote the jana gana mana?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the author (writer) of "Jana Gana Mana".
2. "Jana Gana Mana" is the national anthem of India, so it's likely an entity in Wikidata.
3. We need to find the entity for "Jana Gana Mana" and then find the property that links it to its author/writer.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Jana Gana Mana" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q83099): national anthem of India
2. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q112072761): 2022 film directed by Dijo Jose Antony
3. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q80196923): musical score approved for Indian national anthem
4. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q6150500): 2012 film
5. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q112274393): Telegu film
6. Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q121757500): 1942 radio performance
7. Jana Gana Mana Video (wd:Q6150505): national anthem
8. Jana Gana Mana Adhinayaka Jaya He (wd:Q121756199): vocal track by Amala Dutt, Nandita Devi, Sudhin Dutt & Santi Ghosh; 1934 studio recording
9. Jana Gana Mana Adhinayaka Jaya He (wd:Q121763513)
10. Manas Jana (wd:Q93070394): researcher (ORCID 0000-0003-3178-0647), researcher

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the national anthem "Jana Gana Mana" is wd:Q83099.

Next, I need to find the property that links a work (like a song or anthem) to its writer or author. I will search for properties related to "writer" or "author".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
2. has written for, also known as writer for, wrote for, written for, writes for, is writing for (wd:P6872 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): publication an author has contributed to
3. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
4. author name string, also known as short author name, writer named as, writer name, writer indicated as, songwriting credits string (wd:P2093 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): stores unspecified author or editor name for publications; use i...or editor (P98) does not exist or is not known. Do not use both.
5. developer, also known as written by, video game developer, video game dev, game developer, game dev (wd:P178 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): organization or person that developed the item, creator
6. screenwriter, also known as story by, teleplay by, video game writer, writer (of screenplays), writing credits (wd:P58 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person(s) who wrote the script for subject item, film crew member, author
7. composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator
8. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): author of song lyrics, author
9. theorized by, also known as author, supported by, suggested by, proposer, proposed by (wd:P8403 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subject who suggested or proposed this concept or immaterial invention
10. writable file format, also known as can write, file format written, output file, writes file format (wd:P1073 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): file format a program can create and/or write to

[Assistant]
The most relevant properties for identifying the writer of "Jana Gana Mana" are:
- author (wd:P50): for the main creator of a written work
- lyricist (wd:P676): for the author of song lyrics

Since "Jana Gana Mana" is a song/anthem, "lyricist" (wd:P676) is likely the most precise, but "author" (wd:P50) may also be used. I will check both properties for the entity wd:Q83099.

First, I will list the triples for wd:Q83099 with property wd:P676 (lyricist).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                    | property            | object                         |
| -------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Jana Gana Mana (wd:Q83099) | lyricist (wdt:P676) | Rabindranath Tagore (wd:Q7241) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The property "lyricist" (wdt:P676) for "Jana Gana Mana" (wd:Q83099) points to Rabindranath Tagore (wd:Q7241) as the writer. The "author" property is not used for this entity.

Now, I will construct the final SPARQL query to answer the question, returning the IRI of the writer and optionally the label.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the writer (lyricist) of 'Jana Gana Mana' using the appropriate property (wdt:P676) and returns the IRI of the writer as required. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?team WHERE {
  wd:Q25369 wdt:P647 ?team
}

Kobe Bryant was drafted by the Charlotte Hornets (wd:Q163480).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who was kobe bryant drafted by?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The entity is "Kobe Bryant".
2. The property is "drafted by" (referring to the NBA team that selected him in the NBA draft).

First, I will search for the entity "Kobe Bryant" in Wikidata to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kobe Bryant, also known as Kobe Bean Bryant, Kobe B. Bryant, Kobe, KB24, Black Mamba (wd:Q25369): American basketball player (1978–2020), professional athlete, basketball player, screenwriter
2. Kobe Bryant Day (wd:Q98969272): proposed Federal Holiday
3. death of Kobe Bryant, also known as Kobe Bryant death, Kobe Bryant's death (wd:Q83737550): 26 January 2020 death of Kobe Bryant in helicopter crash
4. Kobe Bryant Boulevard (wd:Q107299206): proposed street renaming in Los Angeles
5. NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player Award, also known as Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player Award, Kobe Bryant MVP Award, NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant MVP Award (wd:Q31391): basketball award of the National Basketball Association (NBA)
6. Kobe Bryant China Fund (wd:Q6424297): for education, sports, and culture programs for children from China and the United States
7. Statue of Kobe Bryant (wd:Q125101336): sculpture in Los Angeles, California, U.S
8. Kobe Bryant/Ice Cube (wd:Q125446155): episode of All That (S4 E19)
9. Kobe Bryant sexual assault case (wd:Q6424298): legal case
10. Kobe Bryant in NBA Courtside (wd:Q3198120): 1998 video game

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Kobe Bryant is wd:Q25369.

Next, I need to find the property that represents "drafted by" or the NBA team that drafted a player. I will search for properties related to "draft" for Kobe Bryant in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. drafted by (wd:P647 as p/wdt): which team the player was drafted by
2. The Draft Review ID, also known as Draft Review identifier, The Draft Review identifier, Draft Review ID (wd:P9514 as p/wdt): identifier for a basketball player in the database of The Draft Review
3. DraftExpress ID, also known as draftexpress.com ID (wd:P3533 as p/wdt): identifier for a basketball player at draftexpress.com
4. nominated for, also known as nominee for, shortlisted for, selected for award, selected for, nominee for award (wd:P1411 as p/wdt): award nomination received by a person, organisation or creative work (inspired from "award received" (Property:P166))
5. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as p/wdt): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
6. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
8. league or competition, also known as tournament, sports league, division, cup, competition (wd:P118 as p/wdt): league or competition in which team or player has played, or in which an event occurs, participant in
9. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
10. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "drafted by" (wdt:P647) is exactly what we need.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find which team Kobe Bryant (wd:Q25369) was drafted by using the property wdt:P647. I will also try to retrieve the label of the team for clarity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| team                           | teamLabel              |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| Charlotte Hornets (wd:Q163480) | Charlotte Hornets (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the team that drafted Kobe Bryant using the appropriate property (wdt:P647) and entity (wd:Q25369). The answer matches the expected result, and the query returns the actual IRI as required. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?author WHERE {
  wd:Q36766 wdt:P50 ?author
}

According to Wikidata, the Gospel according to John was written by John the Apostle (wd:Q44015).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://amur:7001

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who wrote the gospel according to john?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking for the author of "the gospel according to John".
2. I need to identify the entity for "the gospel according to John" in Wikidata.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a work to its author.

Step 1: Search for the entity "gospel according to John".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Gospel of John, also known as John (Bible), The Gospel according to John, Gospel according to John, Bible. John (wd:Q36766): book of the New Testament
2. The Gospel According to John (wd:Q7737359): book by D. A. Carson
3. The Gospel According to John (wd:Q117245690): academic book chapter
4. The Gospel According to John (wd:Q116053332): journal article
5. The gospel according to John (wd:Q105481691)
6. The Gospel according to St. John (wd:Q86714449): Gospel of John transl. into Haussa by Jam. Fred. Schön. (London : Brit and for Bible Society 1857.)
7. The Gospel according to St. John (wd:Q86598319): Gospel of John  transl. into the Ibo language by Jo. Chr. Taylor. (London : Brit and for Society 1865.)
8. The Law and Love in the Gospel According to John (wd:Q129638849): scholarly article
9. Gospel of Matthew, also known as Gospel according to Matthew, Matthew (wd:Q392302): book of the New Testament
10. Gospel of Mark, also known as Gospel according to Mark, Mark (wd:Q107388): Canonical Gospel of the New Testament

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "the gospel according to John" is wd:Q36766 (Gospel of John, also known as John (Bible), The Gospel according to John, Gospel according to John, Bible. John).

Next, I need to find the property that links a work (such as a book) to its author. I will search for properties related to "author".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. theorized by, also known as author, supported by, suggested by, proposer, proposed by (wd:P8403 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): subject who suggested or proposed this concept or immaterial invention
2. lyricist, also known as text poet, writer (of song lyrics), words by, text writer, text by (wd:P676 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): author of song lyrics, author
3. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
4. notable work, also known as artwork, wrote, writer of, works, work (wd:P800 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
5. author given names, also known as given name, given names, first name, author first names, author first name (wd:P9687 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): qualifier for string representation of given or secondary sortin...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), given name
6. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
7. operator, also known as offered by, operated by, provided by, run by, service operator (wd:P137 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): person, profession, organization or entity that operates the equipment, facility, or service, used by
8. creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
9. author last names, also known as author last name, surnames, surname, last names, last name (wd:P9688 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): qualifier to provide string representation of family or primary ...presented in a bibliographic reference file (for example BibTeX), family name
10. object named as, also known as original wording, place name string, printed as, reference wording, [sic] (wd:P1932 as psn/prn/pqv/psv/wdt/prv/pq/pr/pqn/wdtn/p/ps): use as qualifier to indicate how the object's value was given in the source, name

[Assistant]
The most appropriate property to use for the author of a written work is wd:P50 (author).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the author(s) (wd:P50) of the Gospel of John (wd:Q36766). I will also try to include the label of the author, if available, as an optional field.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| author                       | authorLabel           |
| ---------------------------- | --------------------- |
| John the Apostle (wd:Q44015) | John the Apostle (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the author (wdt:P50) of the Gospel of John (wd:Q36766) from Wikidata, returning the IRI of the author as required. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question. No further refinement is necessary.