PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor ?actorLabel ?film ?filmLabel WHERE {
  ?film wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .
  ?film p:P161 ?castStmt .
  ?castStmt ps:P161 ?actor ; pq:P453 wd:Q16311 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?actor rdfs:label ?actorLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?actorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?film rdfs:label ?filmLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?filmLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY ?actor ?film

Using entities:
film (wd:Q11424), also known as cinema, cinematic work, films, flick, motion picture, etc.
James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311), also known as Captain James Tiberius Kirk, Captain James T. Kirk, Captain Kirk, James Kirk, James Tiberius Kirk, etc.

Using properties:
cast member (wd:P161 as p/ps), also known as actor, actress, contestant of a play, feat., film starring, etc.
instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.
character role (wd:P453 as pq), also known as acting role, as, performer of, plays, role, etc.

Got 6 rows and 4 columns:
| actor                       | actorLabel           | film                                             | filmLabel                                |
| --------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek: The Motion Picture (wd:Q107940)       | Star Trek: The Motion Picture (en)       |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (wd:Q221305) | Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (en) |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (wd:Q465478)     | Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (en)     |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (wd:Q471842)       | Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (en)       |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek Generations (wd:Q723679)               | Star Trek Generations (en)               |
| Chris Pine (wd:Q23466)      | Chris Pine (en)      | Star Trek Into Darkness (wd:Q171711)             | Star Trek Into Darkness (en)             |

Answer: The query returns two actors who played Captain James T. Kirk in Star Trek films: William Shatner (wd:Q16297) and Chris Pine (wd:Q23466). William Shatner portrayed Kirk in the original Star Trek films (e.g., Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Star Trek II–IV, Star Trek Generations). Chris Pine portrayed an alternate/universe version of Kirk in the reboot films (e.g., Star Trek Into Darkness).

who played captain kirk in star trek movie?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] who played captain kirk in star trek movie?

[Assistant] I'll first search for the entity corresponding to "James T. Kirk" and for properties related to portrayal/actor, then find actors who played him in films. I'll run searches in the Wikidata KG to identify the correct entity and properties. I'll explain each step and the results.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311), also known as Captain James Tiberius Kirk, Captain James T. Kirk, Captain Kirk, James Kirk, James Tiberius Kirk, etc.: character in the Star Trek media franchise / is instance of human from Star Trek / is instance of television character / is instance of Star Trek character / fictional character from Star Trek / is instance of literary character / has occupation spaceship captain / is instance of comics character / is instance of fictional human / has occupation tactician / has occupation explorer / is instance of Human
2. James T. Kirk (wd:Q6143939), also known as James Thompson Kirk: has occupation military officer / Union Army officer (1826–1886) / has occupation merchant / has occupation officer / is instance of human
3. James Thomas Kirk (wd:Q106802878, matched via James T. Kirk), also known as James T. Kirk: Mayor of Elizabeth, New Jersey / has occupation politician / is instance of human
4. James T. Kirk (wd:Q119138548), also known as James T. Kirk (alternate reality): character in Star Trek played by Chris Pine / is instance of human from Star Trek / is instance of Star Trek character / is instance of literary character / has occupation spaceship captain / is instance of comics character / is instance of Human
5. James Thomas Kirk (wd:Q110717345): PhD, University of Washington, 2014 / is instance of human
6. Timothy James Kirk (wd:Q75419123): Peerage person ID=129835 / is instance of human
7. TJ Kirk (wd:Q28968045, matched via Thomas James Kirk III), also known as The Amazing Atheist, Thomas James Kirk III: American YouTube personality and author / has occupation television producer / has occupation podcaster / has occupation YouTuber / is instance of human
8. Timothy Kirkpatrick (wd:Q111751712, matched via Timothy James Kirkpatrick), also known as Tim Kirkpatrick, Timothy James Kirkpatrick: has occupation songwriter / has occupation musician / has occupation Drummer / has occupation drummer / is instance of human / American drummer / American drummer / American drummer
9. witch trial of James Kirk (wd:Q112897590): is instance of witch trial / is instance of mixed trial / Scottish witch trial
10. The Autobiography of James T. Kirk (wd:Q54826007): is instance of version, edition or translation

[Assistant] I'll search for properties of the James T. Kirk item that relate to actors or portrayal, like "portrayed by" or "played by", to find how portrayal is modeled. I'll query property suggestions for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. performer (wd:P175 as p/wdt, matched via portrayed by), also known as actor, actress, artist, dancer, musical artist, etc.: actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work / actor, musician, music group or other performer associated with this work / is subproperty of contributor to the creative work or subject
2. present in work (wd:P1441 as p/wdt, matched via character in), also known as appeared in, appears in, appears in work, character in, featured in work, etc.: this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person ... P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts) / work in which this fictional entity (Q14897293) or historical ... P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)
3. image (wd:P18 as p/wdt, matched via portrait), also known as camera picture, Commons image, drawing, File:, graph, etc.: image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image) / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
4. sport (wd:P641 as p/wdt, matched via plays), also known as play, plays, sport played, sports, P641: sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with / sport or discipline in which the entity participates or belongs to
5. unmarried partner (wd:P451 as p/wdt, matched via lover), also known as boyfriend, cohabitant, domestic partner, enbyfriend, girlfriend, etc.: someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples / is subproperty of significant person
6. creator (wd:P170 as p/wdt, matched via by), also known as art by, artist (non-musical), art work by, artwork by, by, etc.: maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists) / maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists) / maker of a creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
7. child (wd:P40 as p/wdt, matched via son), also known as children, daughter, daughters, descendants, father of, etc.: subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039) / subject has the object in their family as their offspring son or daughter (independently of their age) / subject has object as biological, foster, and/or adoptive child / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of relative
8. given name (wd:P735 as p/wdt, matched via name), also known as Christian name, first name, forename, middle name, name, etc.: first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / is subproperty of name
9. described by source (wd:P1343 as p/wdt, matched via mentioned in), also known as defined in, described by biography, described by encyclopedia, described by obituary, described by reference work, etc.: dictionary, encyclopaedia, etc. where this item is described / work where this item is described / is subproperty of attested in
10. from narrative universe (wd:P1080 as p/wdt, matched via from narrative), also known as appears in universe, continuity, cycle, featured in universe, fictional universe, etc.: subject's fictional entity is in the object narrative. See ... (present in work) and P1445 (fictional universe described in) / subject's fictional entity is in the object narrative. See ... (present in work) and P1445 (fictional universe described in) / is subproperty of part of

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to "portrayed by" or "portrayer" to see how portrayal is modeled on Wikidata. Then I'll find portrayals for James T. Kirk that are in films.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. depicted by (wd:P1299 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via portrayed by), also known as acted by, appears in, depicted in, found in, played by, etc.: object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
2. performer (wd:P175 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via portrayed by), also known as actor, actress, artist, dancer, musical artist, etc.: actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work / actor, musician, music group or other performer associated with this work / is subproperty of contributor to the creative work or subject
3. used by (wd:P1535 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via played by), also known as armiger, of, played by, user, P1535: item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate) / item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
4. cast member (wd:P161 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via starring), also known as actor, actress, contestant of a play, feat., film starring, etc.: actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) ... "recorded participant" (P11108) for non-fiction productions] / actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) ... as qualifiers] [use "voice actor" (P725) for voice-only role] / actor performing live for a camera or audience [use ... as qualifier] [use "voice actor" (P725) for voice-only role] / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of performer
5. depicts (wd:P180 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via portrays), also known as conveys, depicting, depiction of, displays, features, etc.: entity visually depicted in an image, literarily described in ... audiovisual or other medium; see also P921,  'main subject' / depicted entity (see also P921: main subject) / depicted entity (see also P921: main subject) / is subproperty of has part(s) / is subproperty of has part / place
6. conferred by (wd:P1027 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via presented by), also known as awarded by, bestowed by, by, conceded by, degree awarded by, etc.: person or organisation who awards a prize to or bestows an honour upon a recipient / person or organization who grants an award, certification, grant, or role
7. presenter (wd:P371 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via presented by), also known as host, hosted by, hostess, presented by, TV host, etc.: someone who takes a main role in presenting a radio or television programme or a performing arts show / main role in presenting a radio or television program or a performing arts show / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of cast member
8. voice actor (wd:P725 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via voiced by), also known as dubbed by, seiyu, VA, VO, vocal role as, etc.: performer of a spoken role in a creative work such as ... as qualifier] [use "cast member" (P161) for live acting] / is subproperty of film crew member / is subproperty of cast member
9. number of matches played/races/starts (wd:P1350 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via appearances), also known as appearances, caps, games pitched, games played, gp, etc.: matches or games a player or a team played during an event. ... a player officially appeared in during the whole career. / matches or games a player or a team played during an event. ... a player officially appeared in during the whole career. / by a sports team
10. narrator (wd:P2438 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via narrated by), also known as narrated by, P2438: narrator, character or person that tells the story / narrator, character or person that tells the story / is subproperty of spoken by

[Assistant] I'll list some triples for the James T. Kirk item to see how portrayals are represented. I'll request some properties/triples for wd:Q16311.

[Tool]
Got 546 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                   | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | comics character (wd:Q1114461)                                                           |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | occupation (wdt:P106)            | explorer (wd:Q11900058)                                                                  |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)          | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                       |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | given name (wdt:P735)            | James (wd:Q677191)                                                                       |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | date of birth (wdt:P569)         | 2233-03-22T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                      |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | James T. Kirk                                                                            |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Shatner%20Star%20Trek.JPG> |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | family name (wdt:P734)           | Kirk (wd:Q1743473)                                                                       |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | country of citizenship (wdt:P27) | United States (wd:Q30)                                                                   |
| James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)           | /m/0crtw                                                                                |
| ...                       | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I'll search for the actor William Shatner in Wikidata to verify his identifier and then check how his relationship to James T. Kirk is represented (which property is used).

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. William Shatner (wd:Q16297): Canadian actor, musician, recording artist, author and film director / Canadian actor, musician, recording artist, author and film director / has occupation science fiction writer / has occupation television presenter / has occupation television actor / has occupation character actor / has occupation Character actor / has occupation space traveler / has occupation film producer / has occupation Film producer / has occupation film director / has occupation screenwriter / has occupation prose writer / has occupation Esperantist / has occupation stage actor / has occupation voice actor / Canadian actor (born 1931) / has occupation film actor / has occupation astronaut / has occupation Astronaut / has occupation novelist / has occupation karateka / has occupation blogger / has occupation writer / has occupation singer / has occupation actor / is instance of human
2. William Shatner Live (wd:Q8018335): live album by William Shatner / is instance of album
3. William Shatner's TekWar (wd:Q4020148): is instance of video game / 1995 video game / 1995 video game / 1995 video game
4. Aftermath with William Shatner (wd:Q4690766): is instance of television series / is instance of news program / is instance of serial / American TV show
5. William Shatner's Monologue (wd:Q110056324): is instance of Saturday Night Live sketch / sketch from Saturday Night Live
6. William Shatner/Lone Justice (wd:Q110035359), also known as Saturday Night Live S12E8, Saturday Night Live, season 12 episode 8: is instance of television series episode / episode of Saturday Night Live (S12 E8)
7. William Shatner sells kidney stone (wd:Q17615747): is instance of Wikinews article / Wikinews article / Wikinews article / Wikinews article
8. William Shatner's Gonzo Ballet (wd:Q8018334): 2009 film by Kevin Layne, Andrew Swant, Bobby Ciraldo / is instance of film
9. William Shatner's musical career (wd:Q8018336): history of William Shatner's music career / album by William Shatner / album by William Shatner / is instance of album
10. The One With William Shatner (wd:Q114506921): is instance of television series episode / episode of Cutthroat Kitchen (S12 E1)

[Assistant] I'll check triples where William Shatner is linked to the James T. Kirk character, e.g., he may be "performer" of some work, or the character might have "performer". I'll list triples for William Shatner to find relevant properties like P161 cast member or portrayed.

[Tool]
Got 1,082 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                     | property                         | object                                                                                |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | human (wd:Q5)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | occupation (wdt:P106)            | actor (wd:Q33999)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)          | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | given name (wdt:P735)            | William (wd:Q12344159)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | date of birth (wdt:P569)         | 1931-03-22T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | William Shatner                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Shatner%20Photo%20Op%20GalaxyCon%20Richmond%202023.jpg> |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | family name (wdt:P734)           | Shatner (wd:Q56540712)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | country of citizenship (wdt:P27) | United States (wd:Q30)                                                                                |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)           | /m/084m3                                                                                |
| ...                         | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
I need to find how to link William Shatner to the role of James T. Kirk in the Star Trek films. Likely, the property "cast member" (P161) is used on film items, not on the character. Another approach: find the Star Trek film(s) and check cast members for the role. First, search for "Star Trek (film)" or the film series. The user asked "who played captain kirk in star trek movie?" They likely mean the original actor in the Star Trek movies: William Shatner. But I must build and execute a SPARQL query that returns the actor who played James T. Kirk in a Star Trek film. To be safe, I'll construct a query: find items that are films with title containing "Star Trek" (or that are instance of film and part of the Star Trek franchise) and have cast member who portrayed James T. Kirk. But portrayal linking: For films, cast member (P161) can have qualifiers for character role (P453). So find films (?film wdt:P161 ?actor) with statement ?film p:P161 ?stmt . ?stmt ps:P161 ?actor; pq:P453 wd:Q16311. That will find actors who are cast members in films with character role James T. Kirk. Let's test a query to list actors who played James T. Kirk in films. I'll write a SELECT of distinct ?actor.
I'll run a SPARQL query that finds films with cast members whose character role is James T. Kirk (wd:Q16311) and return the actor IRIs. This will verify who played Captain Kirk in Star Trek films.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| actor                       | actorLabel           |
| --------------------------- | -------------------- |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) |
| Chris Pine (wd:Q23466)      | Chris Pine (en)      |

[Assistant] I'll run a refined query that returns the films and the actors who portrayed James T. Kirk, so we can see which actor played Captain Kirk in which Star Trek movie(s). Then I'll report the findings.

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 4 columns:
| actor                       | actorLabel           | film                                             | filmLabel                                |
| --------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek: The Motion Picture (wd:Q107940)       | Star Trek: The Motion Picture (en)       |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (wd:Q221305) | Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (en) |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (wd:Q465478)     | Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (en)     |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (wd:Q471842)       | Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (en)       |
| William Shatner (wd:Q16297) | William Shatner (en) | Star Trek Generations (wd:Q723679)               | Star Trek Generations (en)               |
| Chris Pine (wd:Q23466)      | Chris Pine (en)      | Star Trek Into Darkness (wd:Q171711)             | Star Trek Into Darkness (en)             |

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country ?countryLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q855 wdt:P39 ?position .
  {
    ?position wdt:P17 ?country .
  } UNION {
    ?position wdt:P1001 ?org .
    ?org wdt:P17 ?country .
  }
  {
    ?position wdt:P279 * ?role .
  } UNION {
    ?position wdt:P31 ?role .
  }
  FILTER ( ?role IN ( wd:Q48352 , wd:Q2285706 , wd:Q30148522 ) ) OPTIONAL {
    ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?countryLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
head of government (wd:Q2285706), also known as administrator of executive government, chief administrator, chief of government, government leader, leader of government
head of state or government (wd:Q30148522), also known as national leader, state leader
head of state (wd:Q48352)
Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855), also known as General Secretary Joseph Stalin, General Secretary Stalin, Ioseb Besarionis dze Dzhugashvili, Ioseb Dzhugashvili, Ioseb Jugashvili, etc.

Using properties:
applies to jurisdiction (wd:P1001 as wdt), also known as applicable area, applicable country, applicable geographic place, applicable jurisdiction, applicable location, etc.
country (wd:P17 as wdt), also known as host country, land, sovereign state, state, P17
subclass of (wd:P279 as wdt), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.
instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.
position held (wd:P39 as wdt), also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held, etc.

Answer: Joseph Stalin was in charge of the Soviet Union (wd:Q15180).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] what country was stalin in charge of?

[Assistant] I will first search for the Wikidata entity for "Stalin" to find the correct item (step 1). Then I'll look for properties that capture the country someone led (e.g., head of state, head of government, leader of political party, or "position held" with country qualifier). I'll query the entity's statements to find which country he was in charge of. I'll start by searching for the entity "Stalin".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855, matched via Stalin), also known as General Secretary Joseph Stalin, General Secretary Stalin, Ioseb Besarionis dze Dzhugashvili, Ioseb Dzhugashvili, Ioseb Jugashvili, etc.: leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953 / leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953 / has occupation opinion journalist / has occupation revolutionary / has occupation statesperson / has occupation politician / has occupation linguist / is instance of human
2. Donetsk (wd:Q43070, matched via Stalin), also known as Aleksandrovka, Hughesovka, Stalin, Stalino, Yuzovka: is instance of city in Ukraine / city in Ukraine
3. Varna (wd:Q6506, matched via Stalin), also known as Odesos, Stalin: city in Varna municipality, Varna oblast, Bulgaria / is instance of municipality seat / is instance of city in Bulgaria / is instance of oblast seat / is instance of large city
4. Stalin (wd:Q32235): 1992 film directed by Ivan Passer / is instance of Television film / is instance of television film
5. Stalin (wd:Q7597248): 2006 film by A. R. Murugadoss / is instance of film
6. Stalin (wd:Q29437956): biography of Josef Stalin by Leon Trotsky / is instance of literary work
7. Samson (wd:Q4407024, matched via Stalin), also known as Russian destroyer Samson, Stalin: Russian Imperial Navy warship / is instance of destroyer / is instance of Destroyer
8. Stalin (wd:Q106777775): is instance of version, edition or translation
9. Stalin (wd:Q16605767): is instance of television play / 1992 film by Kazimierz Kutz / is instance of film
10. Stalin (wd:Q18063553): is instance of family name / is instance of surname / family name / family name / surname

[Assistant] I'll look at Joseph Stalin's statements for positions held (property P39) to find offices he held that imply leadership of a country. I'll list his P39 statements.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property                | object                                                                                |
| ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744)                      |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | wd:Q107392550                                                                                |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | Member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee (wd:Q108495011)                           |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q115147301)                            |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (wd:Q15628644)                                 |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | wd:Q2367317                                                                                |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | Member of the Russian Constituent Assembly (wd:Q27491113)                                       |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (wd:Q42029042)                        |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | member of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (wd:Q42530449) |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855) | position held (wdt:P39) | Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (wd:Q4376674)                                  |
| ...                     | ...                     | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I'll inspect the position item "General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" (wd:Q1048744) to find a property that links it to the country or jurisdiction (like "applies to jurisdiction" P1001). I'll list triples for that entity.

[Tool]
Got 365 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                    | property                               | object                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | instance of (wdt:P31)                  | historical position (wd:Q114962596)                                        |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | country (wdt:P17)                      | Soviet Union (wd:Q15180)                                                   |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | Google Knowledge Graph ID (wdtn:P2671) | <http://g.co/kg/g/1237dcln>                                                |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | part of (wdt:P361)                     | Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1971373) |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                 | head of state (wd:Q48352)                                                  |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                 | /m/01_8cy                                                                  |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | inception (wdt:P571)                   | 1922-04-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                        |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | described by source (wdt:P1343)        | Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia (wd:Q2657718)                                 |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | official name (wdt:P1448)              | генеральный секретарь ЦК ВКП(б) (ru)                                       |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744) | applies to jurisdiction (wdt:P1001)    | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q79854)                            |
| ...                                                                        | ...                                    | ...                                                                        |

[Assistant] I'll search for the Wikidata item for "head of government" and "head of state" to use their identifiers in the query.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. head of government (wd:Q2285706), also known as administrator of executive government, chief administrator, chief of government, government leader, leader of government: chief officer of the executive branch of a government / is instance of public office / is subclass of politician
2. Prime Minister of Denmark (wd:Q795477, matched via Denmark's head of government), also known as Denmark's head of government, Denmark's Prime Minister, the Danish head of government, the Danish Prime Minister: is subclass of prime minister / is instance of public office / position
3. Prime Minister of Tunisia (wd:Q1064106, matched via Head of Government of Tunisia), also known as Head of Government of Tunisia: is instance of prime minister / is instance of position / position in Tunisia
4. Prime Minister of Andorra (wd:Q634322, matched via head of government of Andorra), also known as head of government of Andorra: chief executive of the government of Andorra / is subclass of prime minister / is instance of public office / is instance of position
5. Head of Government of Tokelau (wd:Q99775997): is subclass of head of government / is subclass of Head of government / head of government of Tokelau / is instance of position
6. Head of Mexico City government (wd:Q2962015), also known as Governor of the Federal District, Head of Federal District government, Head of Government of the Federal District, Mayor of Mexico City: is subclass of state governor of Mexico / is instance of public office / political position in Mexico / is instance of position
7. Head of Government of Liechtenstein (wd:Q58869896), also known as Prime Minister of Liechtenstein: Head of Government of the principality of Liechtenstein / is subclass of Head of government / is subclass of head of government / is instance of public office
8. President of the Caribbean Community (wd:Q64349028, matched via CARICOM Heads of Government), also known as CARICOM Heads of Government, Chairman of the Caribbean Community: Grouping of Caribbean national leaders / is instance of public office
9. Headquarters of the Basque Government (wd:Q12257654, matched via Basque Government Head Office), also known as Basque Government Head Office: Building in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain / is instance of town hall
10. head of state or government (wd:Q30148522), also known as national leader, state leader: is subclass of position

[Assistant]
The user likely expects the country Joseph Stalin led: the Soviet Union. I'll build a simple SPARQL query that finds the country associated with positions held by Joseph Stalin. Specifically, find positions P39 for wd:Q855 where the position item has wdt:P17 country or wdt:P1001 applies to jurisdiction pointing to a country. Then return distinct countries.

I'll craft a query that:
- selects ?country where wd:Q855 wdt:P39 ?position .
- Option 1: ?position wdt:P17 ?country.
- Option 2: ?position wdt:P1001 ?jurisdiction . Then get country for jurisdiction via wdt:P17* maybe? Better: jurisdiction might be an organization (e.g., Communist Party of the Soviet Union) which has country P17. So follow ?position wdt:P1001 ?org . ?org wdt:P17 ?country.

Include labels as optional rdfs:label for readability.

I'll now run the query.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| country                                                    | countryLabel                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Soviet Union (wd:Q15180)                                   | Soviet Union (en)                                 |
| Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (wd:Q2305208) | Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (en) |
| Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (wd:Q2895)          | Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (en)       |

[Assistant] I'll run a refined query that only returns countries for positions Joseph Stalin held that are subclass/instance of "head of state" (Q48352), "head of government" (Q2285706), or "head of state or government" (Q30148522). This should filter out subordinate or regional offices like membership positions that led to RSFSR or Byelorussian SSR appearing. I'll execute the SPARQL query now.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| country                  | countryLabel      |
| ------------------------ | ----------------- |
| Soviet Union (wd:Q15180) | Soviet Union (en) |

[Assistant] The refined query returns the Soviet Union, which matches expectation. I'll finalize with a SPARQL query that returns the country's IRI and label and provide the answer: Stalin was in charge of the Soviet Union. I'll include the SPARQL query in the final answer and the result.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1286876 wdt:P1412 ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Maltese people (wd:Q1286876), also known as Maltese

Using properties:
languages spoken, written or signed (wd:P1412 as wdt), also known as language, language of expression, language read, language signed, languages of expression, etc.

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| English (wd:Q1860) | English (en)  |
| Maltese (wd:Q9166) | Maltese (en)  |

Answer: According to Wikidata, the Maltese (wd:Q1286876) speak Maltese (wd:Q9166) and English (wd:Q1860).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] what language do maltese speak?

[Assistant] I will first search Wikidata for the entity corresponding to "Maltese" (people of Malta). Then I'll look up properties that record the languages they speak and retrieve the languages. I'll start by searching for the entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Maltese people (wd:Q1286876), also known as Maltese: is instance of human population / is subclass of European people / citizens or residents of Malta / is instance of ethnic group / is instance of Population / is instance of population / is subclass of inhabitant / is subclass of islanders / is instance of nation / ethnic group
2. human (wd:Q5, matched via people), also known as human being, humans, individual Homo sapiens, individual human, modern humans, etc.: common name of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo, from embryo to adult / is instance of class of organisms known by one particular common name / common name of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo / common name of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo / any member of Homo sapiens, unique extant species of the genus Homo / is instance of organisms known by a particular common name / is subclass of individual animal / is subclass of natural person / is subclass of omnivore / is subclass of mammal / is subclass of person
3. Jewish people (wd:Q7325), also known as Jew, Jewish, Jewish community, Jewish nation, Jewish person, etc.: ethnoreligious group and nation from the Levant / ethnoreligious group and nation from the Levant / ethnoreligious group and nation from the Levant / ethnoreligious group and nation from the Levant / is instance of ethnoreligious group / is instance of people / is instance of nation / is subclass of people
4. Arabs (wd:Q35323, matched via Arab people), also known as Arab, Arab people, Shukriya, Shuwa, Sukriya, etc.: Arabic-speaking ethnic and national groups, originally from the Arabian Peninsula / is subclass of peoples of the Qur’an / is subclass of peoples of the Quran / is subclass of Semitic people / is instance of ethnic group
5. Muslim (wd:Q47740, matched via Muslim people), also known as Muslim people, Muslims: is subclass of religious adherent / adherent of the religion of Islam / is instance of religious group / is subclass of theist
6. Maltese (wd:Q9166), also known as Il-lingwa Maltija, lingwa Maltija, Maltese language, mt: is subclass of Southern European language / Semitic language spoken mostly in Malta / Semitic language spoken mostly in Malta / is instance of natural language / is instance of modern language / is subclass of Sicilian Arabic
7. Aztec (wd:Q12542, matched via Aztec people), also known as Aztec civilization, Azteclas, Aztec people, Aztecs: ethnic groups of central Mexico and their civilization / is instance of historical ethnic group / is instance of civilization / is instance of civilisation / is instance of culture / is instance of Culture
8. Georgians (wd:Q18973, matched via Georgian people), also known as Georgian people, Kartveli, Kartvelian people, Kartvelians, Kartvels: Caucasian ethnic group that are indigenous to Georgia and Caucasus / is instance of ethnic group
9. Romani people (wd:Q8060), also known as Gipsies, Gypsies, Gypsy, Roma, Romany, etc.: is instance of itinerant groups of Europe / is subclass of Indo-Aryan peoples / is instance of ethnic group / Indo-Aryan ethnic group
10. Russians (wd:Q49542, matched via Russian people), also known as ethnic Russians, Russian, Russian (ethnicity), Russian people, Russians (ethnic group), etc.: East Slavic ethnic group, regardless of country of citizenship / East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia / is subclass of Eastern Europeans / is instance of ethnic group / is instance of people

[Assistant] Next, I'll search for properties related to "language" and specifically properties used on population/ethnic group items like Maltese people. I'll search properties in general and then properties used on the Maltese people entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. language of work or name (wd:P407 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language), also known as audio language, available in, broadcasting language, language, language of name, etc.: language associated with this creative work (such as books, ... (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412)) / language associated with this creative work (such as books, ... (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412)) / language associated with this work or name (for persons use P103 and P1412)
2. programmed in (wd:P277 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language), also known as language, programming language, written in, P277: the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
3. languages spoken, written or signed (wd:P1412 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language), also known as language, language of expression, language read, language signed, languages of expression, etc.: language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s)
4. language used (wd:P2936 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via working language), also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language, etc.: language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
5. writing language (wd:P6886 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via languages written), also known as language for writing, language of works, language of writings, languages for writing, languages of works, etc.: is subproperty of languages spoken, written or signed / language in which the writer has written their work
6. language style (wd:P6191 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language use), also known as archaic, childish, context, dated, form register, etc.: to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
7. Ethnologue language status (wd:P3823 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language status), also known as EGIDS, language status, P3823: language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale / language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
8. language regulatory body (wd:P1018 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language authority), also known as language authority, regulatory body, P1018: regulatory body of a language
9. location (wd:P276 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via locale), also known as based in, city, from, held by, in, etc.: location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ... use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706. / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706.
10. Wikimedia language code (wd:P424 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language code), also known as language code, MediaWiki interlanguage prefix, Wikibase monolingual text language code, WMF language code, P424: identifier for a language or variant as used by Wikimedia projects / identifier for a language or variant as used by Wikimedia projects / identifier for a language or variant as used by Wikimedia projects

[Assistant] I'll check which language-related properties are used on the Wikidata item for "Maltese people" (wd:Q1286876). I'll search properties of that entity with the query "language".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. languages spoken, written or signed (wd:P1412 as p/wdt, matched via language), also known as language, language of expression, language read, language signed, languages of expression, etc.: language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s) / language(s) that a person speaks or writes, including the native language(s)
2. located in the administrative territorial entity (wd:P131 as p/wdt, matched via in), also known as administrative territorial entity, administrative territory, city, happens in, in, etc.: the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / is subproperty of location / is subproperty of part of
3. country of citizenship (wd:P27 as p/wdt, matched via nationality), also known as citizen of, citizenship, country, (legal) nationality, nation, etc.: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / is subproperty of country
4. topic's main category (wd:P910 as p/wdt, matched via category), also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category, etc.: main category of this topic / main Wikimedia category
5. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. country (wd:P17 as p/wdt, matched via land), also known as host country, land, sovereign state, state, P17: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / is subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
7. country of origin (wd:P495 as p/wdt, matched via country), also known as comes from, CoO, country, originates from, origin country, etc.: country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / is subproperty of significant place / is subproperty of country
8. subclass of (wd:P279 as p/wdt, matched via type of), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances ... of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain
9. Commons category (wd:P373 as p/wdt, matched via commonscat), also known as category Commons, category on Commons, category on Wikimedia Commons, category Wikipedia Commons, commonscat, etc.: name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category:") / name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category") / name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category")
10. KBpedia ID (wd:P8408 as p/wdt/wdtn, matched via kbpedia), also known as kbpedia, Kbpedia, KBpedia, KBpedia knowledge graph, KBpedia ontology, etc.: identifier for the KBpedia knowledge graph, which provides ... and extraction of training sets for machine learning

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query on Wikidata to get the languages (P1412) stated for the "Maltese people" item (wd:Q1286876). The query will return the language items' IRIs and their English labels. Now I'll execute that query.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| English (wd:Q1860) | English (en)  |
| Maltese (wd:Q9166) | Maltese (en)  |

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?ancestor ?ancestorLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q8216 wdt:P144 + ?ancestor .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?ancestor rdfs:label ?ancestorLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?ancestorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216), also known as Greek, Greek script

Using properties:
based on (wd:P144 as wdt), also known as adaptation of, adapted from, based on work, based upon, continuation of, etc.

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| ancestor                          | ancestorLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250)      | Proto-Sinaitic (en)       |
| Egyptian hieroglyphs (wd:Q132659) | Egyptian hieroglyphs (en) |
| Phoenician script (wd:Q26752)     | Phoenician script (en)    |

Answer: The Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) was derived from the Phoenician script (wd:Q26752); that in turn came via Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250) ultimately from Egyptian hieroglyphs (wd:Q132659). The SPARQL query above returns those ancestor items (IRIs and English labels).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] where did the greek alphabet come from?

[Assistant]
Plan:
1. Find the Wikidata item for "Greek alphabet" and for likely origin candidates like "Phoenician alphabet" and "Proto-Sinaitic script".
2. Find the property on Wikidata that expresses "derived from", "origin", or "ancestor" for scripts.
3. Build a SPARQL query that shows the derivation line (e.g., Greek alphabet <- Phoenician alphabet <- Proto-Sinaitic) and verify labels and dates if available.

I'll first search for the Greek alphabet item on Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216), also known as Greek, Greek script: script used to write the Greek language / is instance of natural writing system / is instance of bicameral script / is instance of alphabet
2. history of the Greek alphabet (wd:Q2627294, matched via Greek alphabet history), also known as Greek alphabet history, the Greek alphabet history: is instance of aspect of history / aspect of history
3. Greek Albanian alphabet (wd:Q3305475): Greek alphabet adapted for writing the Albanian language / is instance of alphabet
4. extended greek alphabet (wd:Q3237041): is subclass of Greek letter
5. Greek spelling alphabet (wd:Q17003959): spelling alphabet for Greek letters / is instance of spelling alphabet
6. ancient Greek alphabet (wd:Q3611036), also known as archaic Greek alphabet: is instance of alphabet / writing system
7. archaic Greek alphabets (wd:Q2839562): Local variants of the ancient Greek alphabet / is subclass of Greek alphabet / is instance of alphabet
8. Inscriptions in Greek Alphabet (wd:Q106814190): drawing - Sir Robert Smirke the younger / is instance of drawing
9. Inscriptions in Greek Alphabet (wd:Q106814193): drawing - Sir Robert Smirke the younger (YCBA B1977.14.581) / is instance of drawing
10. Lexilogos Ancient Greek > Latin alphabet conversion (wd:Q124337511, matched via Greek > Latin alphabet conversion), also known as Ancient Greek > Latin alphabet conversion, Greek > Latin alphabet conversion, Lexilogos Greek > Latin alphabet conversion: Romanization system of Ancient Greek characters into the Latin script / is instance of romanisation system

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to "derived from" and "origin" to find how derivation of writing systems is represented on Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. natural product of taxon (wd:P1582 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from), also known as comes from (taxon), derived from, fruit of (taxon), made from, produced by taxon, etc.: links a natural product with its source (animal, plant, fungal, algal, etc.) / links a natural product with its source (animal, plant, fungal, algal, etc.)
2. based on (wd:P144 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from), also known as adaptation of, adapted from, based on work, based upon, continuation of, etc.: the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074 / is subproperty of references work, tradition or theory / the work(s) used as basis for subject / is subproperty of inspired by
3. derived from lexeme (wd:P5191 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from), also known as derived from, etymology, history of a word, loaned from, origin of a word, etc.: most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from / most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from / most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from
4. object form (wd:P5548 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from form), also known as combined form, compound form, derived from form, from form, P5548: (qualifier) statement applies only to listed forms of statement's object
5. object sense (wd:P5980 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from sense), also known as derived from sense, sense derivation, P5980: (qualifier) statement applies only to listed senses of statement's object
6. semantic derivation of (wd:P12410 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via derived from sense), also known as derived from sense, sense derived from sense, P12410: links a lexeme sense to a particular sense it is derived from
7. location of formation (wd:P740 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via comes from), also known as comes from, formation location, formation place, formed in, founded in, etc.: location where a group or organisation was formed / location where a group or organization was formed / is subproperty of location of creation
8. country of origin (wd:P495 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via comes from), also known as comes from, CoO, country, originates from, origin country, etc.: country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.) / is subproperty of significant place / is subproperty of country
9. develops from (wd:P3094 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via developed from), also known as antecedent anatomical structure, developed from, evolved from, evolves from, P3094: this class of items develops from another class of items (biology)
10. made from material (wd:P186 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via formed from), also known as be made in, built from, built out of, constructed from, constructed out of, etc.: material the subject or the object is made of or derived from (do not confuse with P10672 which is used for processes) / material the subject is made of or derived from / is subproperty of uses

[Assistant] I'll inspect properties of the Greek alphabet item (wd:Q8216) and search for properties related to derivation or origin.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. based on (wd:P144 as p/wdt, matched via derived from), also known as adaptation of, adapted from, based on work, based upon, continuation of, etc.: the work(s) or inputs used as the basis for subject item; for fictional analog use P1074 / is subproperty of references work, tradition or theory / the work(s) used as basis for subject / is subproperty of inspired by
2. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt, matched via formation), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
3. has use (wd:P366 as p/wdt, matched via as), also known as as, can be used for, for, function, had use, etc.: main use of the subject (includes current and former usage)
4. different from (wd:P1889 as p/wdt, matched via not), also known as confused with, differs from, disambiguated from, distinct from, distinguished from, etc.: item that is different from another item, with which it is often confused / item that is different from another item, with which it may be confused
5. has part(s) (wd:P527 as p/wdt, matched via contain), also known as amalgamation of, assembled from, assembled out of, composed of, comprised of, etc.: part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject, also valuable subclass or exemplar. Inverse property of "part of".
6. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
7. topic's main category (wd:P910 as p/wdt, matched via category), also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category, etc.: main category of this topic / main Wikimedia category
8. facet of (wd:P1269 as p/wdt, matched via aspect of), also known as aspect of, main topic, section in, subitem of, subject in, etc.: topic of which this item is an aspect, item that offers a broader perspective on the same topic / topic of which this item is an aspect, item that offers a broader perspective on the same topic / topic of which this item is an aspect; item that offers a broader perspective on the same topic
9. described by source (wd:P1343 as p/wdt, matched via entry), also known as defined in, described by biography, described by encyclopedia, described by obituary, described by reference work, etc.: dictionary, encyclopaedia, etc. where this item is described / work where this item is described / is subproperty of attested in
10. name (wd:P2561 as p/wdt, matched via label), also known as aka, also known as, be known as, be referred as, known as, etc.: name the subject is known by; preferably use a more specific subproperty if available

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to script ancestry like "derived from" or "ancestor".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. derived from lexeme (wd:P5191 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via origin of a word), also known as derived from, etymology, history of a word, loaned from, origin of a word, etc.: most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from / most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from / most direct lexeme(s) this one has developed from
2. relative (wd:P1038 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via ancestor), also known as ancestor, aunt, aunt-in-law, brother-in-law, co-brother-in-law, etc.: family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / family member (qualify with "type of kinship", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / is subproperty of significant person
3. develops from (wd:P3094 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via evolved from), also known as antecedent anatomical structure, developed from, evolved from, evolves from, P3094: this class of items develops from another class of items (biology)
4. time of earliest written record (wd:P1249 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn), also known as date of first written record, earliest record, first attestation, first attested, first historic record, etc.: first time a subject was mentioned in writing / first time a subject was mentioned in writing
5. writing language (wd:P6886 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via language of writings), also known as language for writing, language of works, language of writings, languages for writing, languages of works, etc.: is subproperty of languages spoken, written or signed / language in which the writer has written their work
6. child (wd:P40 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via descendants), also known as children, daughter, daughters, descendants, father of, etc.: subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039) / subject has the object in their family as their offspring son or daughter (independently of their age) / subject has object as biological, foster, and/or adoptive child / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of relative
7. replaces (wd:P1365 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via forefather), also known as absorbed, absorbs, continues, continues from, deprecates, etc.: person, state or item replaced. Use "structure replaces" ... was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical / person or item replaced. Use "structure replaces" (P1398) for ... was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical / is subproperty of follows
8. derived from organism type (wd:P9072 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via taxon of origin), also known as derived from organism of taxon, originated from individual of taxon, taxon of origin, P9072: the taxon that the organism from which the subject cell line ... cell lines are derived only once from a single individual)
9. family name identical to this given name (wd:P1533 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn, matched via related family name), also known as corresponding family name, corresponding surname, family name identical to this first name, last name identical to this first name, related family name, etc.: last name that is the same as a given first name. Use on items for given names / last name that is the same as a given first name. Use on items for given names / last name that is the same as a given first name. Use on items for given names / is subproperty of different from
10. writing system (wd:P282 as pq/wdtn/prv/pr/psv/pqv/ps/prn/p/psn/wdt/pqn), also known as script, writing script, written form, P282: alphabet, character set or other system of writing used by a language, word, or text, supported by a typeface / the writing system used by language

[Assistant] "based on" (P144) seems promising — it's used to indicate that an item is based on another. I'll check the statements of the Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) to see which property indicates its origin.

[Tool]
Got 794 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                   | property                                       | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | instance of (wdt:P31)                          | alphabet (wd:Q9779)                                                                        |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | language of work or name (wdt:P407)            | Greek (wd:Q9129)                                                                           |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                    | Greek alphabet                                                                             |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | image (wdt:P18)                                | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Griechisches%20Stra%C3%9Fenschild.JPG> |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                         | /m/0358gm                                                                                |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | inception (wdt:P571)                           | -0900-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                       |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)                         | Φ (wd:Q10029)                                                                              |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                | wd:Q2041543                                                                                |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | Library of Congress authority ID (wdtn:P244)   | <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85057152>                                           |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008) | wd:Q5460604                                                                                |
| ...                       | ...                                            | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I'll check whether the Greek alphabet item has a "based on" (P144) statement and what it's pointing to.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                   | property            | object                        |
| ------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Greek alphabet (wd:Q8216) | based on (wdt:P144) | Phoenician script (wd:Q26752) |

[Assistant] I'll check whether the Phoenician script (wd:Q26752) itself has a "based on" or similar statement linking it to an earlier script (e.g., Proto-Sinaitic). I'll query the property's direct statement.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property            | object                       |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Phoenician script (wd:Q26752) | based on (wdt:P144) | Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250) |

[Assistant] Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250) might have predecessors like Egyptian hieroglyphs — I'll check if proto-sinaitic has a 'based on' or related property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property            | object                            |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250) | based on (wdt:P144) | Egyptian hieroglyphs (wd:Q132659) |

[Assistant]
My plan: construct a SPARQL query that returns the derivation chain for the Greek alphabet using P144 (based on) transitively, or list immediate origin. The user asked "where did the Greek alphabet come from?" That likely expects "it was derived from the Phoenician alphabet" (or script), and we can show ancestry: Greek alphabet <- Phoenician <- Proto-Sinaitic <- Egyptian hieroglyphs.

I'll write a query that starts from wd:Q8216 and follows wdt:P144* to get the chain. I must ensure to return IRIs. I'll include rdfs:label optionally. Use property path wdt:P144+ to get ancestors. Also include the immediate based on too. The SPARQL should return each ancestor with its IRI and label and the path length maybe. I'll do ?ancestor with (wd:Q8216 wdt:P144+ ?ancestor). Also include the direct "based on" as wdt:P144. But wdt:P144+ will include direct.

I'll craft query and execute it.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| ancestor                          | ancestorLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Proto-Sinaitic (wd:Q1065250)      | Proto-Sinaitic (en)       |
| Egyptian hieroglyphs (wd:Q132659) | Egyptian hieroglyphs (en) |
| Phoenician script (wd:Q26752)     | Phoenician script (en)    |

[Assistant] I'll now provide the final SPARQL query and the concise answer based on the query results.

[Tool] Stopping