PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?childhoodHome ?childhoodHomeLabel ?location ?locationLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q207 wdt:P551 ?childhoodHome .
  ?childhoodHome rdfs:label ?childhoodHomeLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?childhoodHomeLabel ) = "en" ) .
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?childhoodHomeLabel ) , "childhood" ) ) .
  ?childhoodHome wdt:P131 ?location .
  ?location rdfs:label ?locationLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?locationLabel ) = "en" )
}

Using entities:
- George W. Bush (wd:Q207), also known as Bush, Bush 43, Bush, George W., Bush Jr., Dubya, etc.: has occupation officer / has occupation politician / has occupation businessperson / has occupation statesperson / has occupation financier / has occupation painter / has occupation military officer / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation motivational speaker / has occupation rugby union player / is instance of human / 43rd President of the United States / 43rd President of the United States / President of the United States from 2001 to 2009

Using properties:
- located in the administrative territorial entity (wd:P131 as wdt), also known as administrative territorial entity, administrative territory, city, happens in, in, etc.: is subproperty of location / is subproperty of part of / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity.
- residence (wd:P551 as wdt), also known as address, has resided in, home city, home town, hometown, etc.: is subproperty of location / the place where the person is or has been, resident / the place where the person is, or has been, resident

Got 2 rows and 4 columns:
| childhoodHome                               | childhoodHomeLabel                      | location             | locationLabel     |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Midland (wd:Q128321) | Midland (lang:en) |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Texas (wd:Q1439)     | Texas (lang:en)   |

Answer: George W. Bush lived in Midland, Texas as a child, specifically at the George W. Bush Childhood Home.

George W. Bush lived in Midland, Texas as a child, specifically at the George W. Bush Childhood Home.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?childhoodHome ?childhoodHomeLabel ?location ?locationLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q207 wdt:P551 ?childhoodHome .
  ?childhoodHome rdfs:label ?childhoodHomeLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?childhoodHomeLabel ) = "en" ) .
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?childhoodHomeLabel ) , "childhood" ) ) .
  ?childhoodHome wdt:P131 ?location .
  ?location rdfs:label ?locationLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?locationLabel ) = "en" )
}

Using entities:
- George W. Bush (wd:Q207), also known as Bush, Bush 43, Bush, George W., Bush Jr., Dubya, etc.: has occupation officer / has occupation politician / has occupation businessperson / has occupation statesperson / has occupation financier / has occupation painter / has occupation military officer / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation motivational speaker / has occupation rugby union player / is instance of human / 43rd President of the United States / 43rd President of the United States / President of the United States from 2001 to 2009

Using properties:
- located in the administrative territorial entity (wd:P131 as wdt), also known as administrative territorial entity, administrative territory, city, happens in, in, etc.: is subproperty of location / is subproperty of part of / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity.
- residence (wd:P551 as wdt), also known as address, has resided in, home city, home town, hometown, etc.: is subproperty of location / the place where the person is or has been, resident / the place where the person is, or has been, resident

Execution result:
Got 2 rows and 4 columns:
| childhoodHome                               | childhoodHomeLabel                      | location             | locationLabel     |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Midland (wd:Q128321) | Midland (lang:en) |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Texas (wd:Q1439)     | Texas (lang:en)   |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties, and notes:
  - P106 = occupation. Use wdt:P106 to get occupations and fetch English labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en"). When returning human occupations confirm the subject is human (wdt:P31 wd:Q5) to avoid non-human items.
  - Population (P1082) and tabular (P4179): use wdt:P1082 for quick/direct values; for time-series/point-in-time use p:P1082 + ps:P1082 + pq:P585 and ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC. Inspect statement qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part') and prov:wasDerivedFrom references (pr:P854 etc.) to detect city-proper vs metro/prefecture scopes before using values.
  - Common person properties: P31 (instance of human Q5), P106 (occupation), P569 (date of birth), P19 (place of birth), P27 (country of citizenship), P21 (sex/gender), P166 (award received). Use wdt: for direct values when possible.
  - P17 (country) can be incomplete/misleading for places (historical/overseas tags). To get modern cities in a country combine: instance-of city (P31=Q515) + wdt:P17 OR use wdt:P131* to find an admin parent whose wdt:P17 = the country. Also cross-check coordinates (P625) or admin hierarchy to spot outliers.
  - When filtering by date of birth (P569) use xsd:dateTime comparisons (e.g. >= "1900-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime). Be aware many items have year-only or imprecise dates and coverage is biased toward notable/public figures (sportspeople, politicians, artists).
  - To retrieve qualifiers (e.g., award year) use the statement/qualifier pattern: p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:P585. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when you don't need qualifiers. Example: p:P166 + pq:P585 gives award year.
  - To get a person's occupations: use wdt:P106 for direct/normalized values and rdfs:label for human-readable names (FILTER(LANG(...))). Example: wd:Q... wdt:P106 ?occ . ?occ rdfs:label ?occLabel . FILTER(LANG(?occLabel)="en").
  - P166 = award received. Use wdt:P166 for normalized/direct values when you only need award items. To get award years or qualifiers use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585. Many statements lack pq:P585 — use OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } and ORDER BY DESC(?date). When listing award winners, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans.
  - Population time-series pattern: wd:Q... p:P1082 ?stmt . ?stmt ps:P1082 ?pop . OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } . ORDER BY DESC(?date). pq:P585 is the point-in-time qualifier. IMPORTANT: time-series may mix scopes (city proper vs metro) — e.g., Tokyo has a 2016 entry ~38,140,000 likely metro vs smaller city figures. Inspect qualifiers/references for scope before use.
  - Use wdt:P131* to traverse the admin hierarchy and compare wdt:P17 on the place vs an admin parent to detect historical/colonial country assignments. When mismatches appear, inspect the admin parent's instance-of (P31), labels, qualifiers and references to interpret the historical scope.
  - wdt:P106 often yields multiple occupations for a person. Use GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT ?occLabel; separator=", ") or return multiple rows. Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") to get readable occupation names.
  - When a search_entity returns multiple hits (person vs sculpture vs memorial), confirm you selected the human/statements by checking wdt:P31 (instance of) and relevant wdt: properties (e.g., wdt:P106). This avoids using a non-human QID by mistake.
  - search_autocomplete can be constrained with a SPARQL pattern containing ?search (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }). Use constraints to focus results (e.g., humans) and avoid ambiguous fallbacks; if it returns no results, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
  - Use search_property_of_entity to find relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'award' -> P166) and search_object_of_property to discover candidate objects (e.g., 'physicist' for P106). This reduces guessing P/Q ids and surfaces qualifiers.
  - Inspect statement references and qualifiers: use prov:wasDerivedFrom on p: statements to find sources, and check qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part' or other scope qualifiers) to disambiguate city vs metro vs admin area. Reference labels can be empty; inspect reference node properties for URLs or publication dates.

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

General notes across knowledge graphs:
- Use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") for labels; avoid SERVICE wikibase:label. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access statement qualifiers (e.g., award year via pq:P585). When dates matter, prefer xsd:dateTime and watch for year-only precision.
- Practical query patterns: use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(...)) for labels. Use wdt:Pxxx for direct/normalized values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (dates via pq:P585). For dates use xsd:dateTime and expect year-only precision. For places: combine P17 with P131 or coordinate (P625) filters to avoid historical/overseas mismatches.
- Use OPTIONAL for pq: qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585), sort by qualifier (ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC) to prefer recent values. Use GROUP_CONCAT to combine multiple labels/values in one row. Watch for typed literals (xsd:dateTime, xsd:decimal) when filtering or sorting.
- Before querying, use search_entity to resolve human-friendly names to wd:Q identifiers and verify instance-of (e.g., check wdt:P31 = wd:Q5 for humans) to avoid ambiguous matches. Prefer the top match but programmatically confirm P31 before using its data.
- Use search_property to confirm property identifiers (e.g., "country" -> P17) before embedding them in queries. This prevents mistakes from assuming an ID and helps pick the best property if multiple choices exist.
- search_autocomplete can fall back to an unconstrained search or error when there are too many candidates. If this happens (e.g., "more than the maximum supported number of subject candidates"), retry with narrower constraints such as instance-of (wdt:P31), additional type filters, or short prefixes to reduce the candidate set; otherwise fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
- Use list(...) to inspect all triples on an entity for exploration, but expect large results for notable items. Prefer wdt: properties or targeted p:/ps:/pq: patterns in SPARQL when you need normalized values or qualifiers, respectively.
- Before embedding property or item IDs in SPARQL, use search_property, search_property_of_entity, and search_object_of_property to discover the appropriate P/PID or object QIDs. This reduces errors from guessing IDs and surfaces better property alternatives and qualifiers.
- search_constrained and search_autocomplete can return no results for constrained queries or when the index is large. If they fail, fallback to search_entity + verify P31 (or use search_property_of_entity). Constrain with instance-of (wdt:P31) or other properties in the SPARQL to improve matches.
- When selecting awards by year, prefer xsd:dateTime range filters (e.g., >= "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for portability and precision.
- When selecting award winners via wdt:P166, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans — fictional characters or non-humans may have award claims. If you need award years use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 and OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?year } to retrieve qualifier years.
- Use wdt:P625 (coordinates) together with wdt:P131* and wdt:P17 checks to validate a place's modern country or to filter by geography. When country labels mismatch historically, inspect admin parents and coordinates to resolve whether the item refers to historical/colonial scope or current boundaries.
- Prefer wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585 for award year). Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en").
- If search_autocomplete returns too many candidates or errors, retry with constraints (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }) or narrower query text. If still failing, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31 for type checks.
- For award-year queries use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 to access award statements and year qualifiers. Filter by xsd:dateTime ranges (e.g., >= "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for robustness.
- Use search_property_of_entity to surface relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'birth' -> P569/P19). list(...) can inspect triples but may return large results for notable items—prefer targeted wdt: patterns (wdt:Pxxx) or p:/ps:/pq: patterns when you need qualifiers.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] where did george w bush live as a child?

[Assistant]
To determine where George W. Bush lived as a child, I need to find information about his childhood residence. This typically involves identifying his place of birth and any known early childhood homes, which may be documented in Wikidata through properties like "place of birth" (P19) or "residence" (P551), possibly with qualifiers for time periods.

### Step 1: Search for George W. Bush in Wikidata
I'll start by searching for George W. Bush to identify his Wikidata entity.

Question: george w bush

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. George W. Bush (wd:Q207), also known as Bush, Bush 43, Bush, George W., Bush Jr., Dubya, etc.: President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 / has occupation motivational speaker / 43rd President of the United States / 43rd President of the United States / has occupation rugby union player / has occupation military officer / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation businessperson / has occupation statesperson / has occupation politician / has occupation financier / has occupation officer / has occupation painter / is instance of human
2. George Washington Bush (wd:Q5545944, matched via George W. Bush), also known as George W. Bush: has occupation husbandry worker / has occupation employee / has occupation trapper / has occupation pioneer / has occupation farmer / is instance of human / American pioneer
3. George W. Bush (wd:Q104844437): 2020 television documentary film / is instance of film
4. George W. Bush (wd:Q111279895): is instance of television series episode / episode of Dokument utifrån
5. George W. Bush (wd:Q47513370): painting by Robert A. Anderson / is instance of painting
6. George W. Bush (wd:Q94496272), also known as George Washington Bush: operator of George W. Bush & Son, a shipping business in Delaware, United States (1824-1900) / has occupation consignor / has occupation director / has occupation merchant / is instance of human
7. George H. W. Bush (wd:Q23505), also known as Bush 41, Bush I, Bush Senior, Bush Sr., George Bush, etc.: President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 / has occupation baseball player / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation aircraft pilot / has occupation naval officer / has occupation statesperson / has occupation entrepreneur / has occupation Entrepreneur / has occupation politician / has occupation diplomat / has occupation pilot / has occupation Pilot / is instance of human
8. George W. Bush Presidential Center (wd:Q1508430, matched via George W. Bush Library), also known as Bush Center, Bush Library, Bush Presidential Library, George W. Bush Library, George W. Bush Presidential Library, etc.: Presidential library and museum for U.S. President George W. Bush, located in Dallas, Texas / is instance of Presidential libraries system / is instance of non-profit organisation / is instance of non-profit organization / is instance of nonprofit organization / is instance of library / is instance of museum
9. George W. Bush Administration cabinet (wd:Q28464532, matched via Cabinet George W. Bush), also known as Bush Administration cabinet, Bush Cabinet, Cabinet Bush, Cabinet George W. Bush, Cabinet of George W. Bush, etc.: most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the ... of the United States under the George W. Bush Administration / is instance of United States Cabinet
10. USS George W. Bush (wd:Q131753450): planned Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier / is instance of watercraft project / is instance of supercarrier

[Assistant]
The top result is George W. Bush (wd:Q207), the 43rd President of the United States. This is the correct entity we are looking for. Let's verify that it is a human by checking its instance-of (P31) property.

list

wd:Q207

[Assistant]
Great! The entity wd:Q207 is indeed a human, so we can proceed with confidence. Now, I need to find where George W. Bush lived as a child. The most relevant properties for this would be:

- **Place of birth (P19)**: This tells us where he was born, which is often where he lived as a child.
- **Residence (P551)**: This might include childhood residences, possibly with qualifiers for time periods.

I'll first check his place of birth.

wd:Q207

[Assistant]
George W. Bush was born in New Haven, Connecticut (wd:Q49145). However, being born in a place doesn't necessarily mean he lived there as a child — families often move shortly after birth. I should now check for any recorded residences during his childhood, possibly using the "residence" property (P551) with qualifiers for time.

Let me check his residence history.

wd:Q207

[Assistant]
There are two residences listed for George W. Bush:

1. **George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408)** — This is explicitly labeled as his childhood home.
2. **Dallas (wd:Q16557)** — A broader location, likely where he lived later in childhood or as a teenager.

Let me investigate the childhood home entity to confirm it is indeed his childhood residence and get more details about it.

wd:Q1508408

Got 74 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                     | property                                                    | object                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                       | house (wd:Q3947)                                                                |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | country (wdt:P17)                                           | United States (wd:Q30)                                                          |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | Texas (wd:Q1439)                                                                |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)                              | POINT(-102.091082 31.998788) (geo:wktLiteral)                                   |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                                 | George W. Bush Childhood Home                                                   |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | image (wdt:P18)                                             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bush-Midland-childhood.jpg> |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                                      | /m/06_4jl3                                                                      |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | inception (wdt:P571)                                        | 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                             |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | heritage designation (wdt:P1435)                            | National Register of Historic Places listed place (wd:Q19558910)                |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | official website (wdt:P856)                                 | <http://www.bushchildhoodhome.org>                                              |
| ...                                         | ...                                                         | ...                                                                             |

[Assistant]
The entity **George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408)** is a house located in **Midland, Texas**, United States. The coordinates point to Midland, Texas, and it is explicitly recognized as his childhood home, even having an official website and being listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Although the inception date (P571) is listed as 2004, this likely refers to when the house was designated or preserved as a historic site, not when George W. Bush lived there. Historical context confirms that George W. Bush lived in Midland, Texas, during his childhood (ages 2–7), after his family moved from New Haven, Connecticut, where he was born.

Therefore, the primary childhood residence is **Midland, Texas**, represented by the specific house entity.

### Final Answer:
George W. Bush lived in **Midland, Texas** as a child, specifically at the **George W. Bush Childhood Home**.

I will now construct the final SPARQL query to return this information clearly.

execute

SELECT ?childhoodHome ?childhoodHomeLabel WHERE { wd:Q207 wdt:P551 ?childhoodHome . ?childhoodHome rdfs:label ?childhoodHomeLabel . FILTER(LANG(?childhoodHomeLabel) = "en") . FILTER(CONTAINS(LCASE(?childhoodHomeLabel), "childhood")) }

[Assistant]
The query successfully returns the childhood home as "George W. Bush Childhood Home". To provide the location (city and state), I should also retrieve the administrative location (P131) of this home to confirm it is Midland, Texas.

Let me enhance the query to include the location.

SELECT ?childhoodHome ?childhoodHomeLabel ?location ?locationLabel WHERE { wd:Q207 wdt:P551 ?childhoodHome . ?childhoodHome rdfs:label ?childhoodHomeLabel . FILTER(LANG(?childhoodHomeLabel) = "en") . FILTER(CONTAINS(LCASE(?childhoodHomeLabel), "childhood")) . ?childhoodHome wdt:P131 ?location . ?location rdfs:label ?locationLabel . FILTER(LANG(?locationLabel) = "en") }

Got 2 rows and 4 columns:
| childhoodHome                               | childhoodHomeLabel                      | location             | locationLabel     |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Midland (wd:Q128321) | Midland (lang:en) |
| George W. Bush Childhood Home (wd:Q1508408) | George W. Bush Childhood Home (lang:en) | Texas (wd:Q1439)     | Texas (lang:en)   |

[Assistant]
Perfect! The childhood home is located in **Midland, Texas**. The administrative hierarchy shows that the house is located in Midland (a city), which is in Texas (a state).

Thus, the answer to the question "Where did George W. Bush live as a child?" is:

> George W. Bush lived in **Midland, Texas** as a child, specifically at the George W. Bush Childhood Home.

I will now provide the final SPARQL query and answer.

answer

SELECT ?childhoodHome ?childhoodHomeLabel ?location ?locationLabel WHERE { wd:Q207 wdt:P551 ?childhoodHome . ?childhoodHome rdfs:label ?childhoodHomeLabel . FILTER(LANG(?childhoodHomeLabel) = "en") . FILTER(CONTAINS(LCASE(?childhoodHomeLabel), "childhood")) . ?childhoodHome wdt:P131 ?location . ?location rdfs:label ?locationLabel . FILTER(LANG(?locationLabel) = "en") }

Answer: George W. Bush lived in Midland, Texas as a child, specifically at the George W. Bush Childhood Home.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?government ?governmentLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?government .
  ?government rdfs:label ?governmentLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?governmentLabel ) = "en" )
}

Using entities:
- Australia (wd:Q408), also known as AU, AUS, Aussieland, Commonwealth of Australia, Down Under, etc.: is instance of sovereign state / is instance of federation / is instance of country / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania

Using properties:
- basic form of government (wd:P122 as wdt), also known as form of government, government, type of government, P122: subject's government / the subject's government / the subject's government

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| government                            | governmentLabel                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| representative democracy (wd:Q188759) | representative democracy (lang:en) |
| constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614)   | constitutional monarchy (lang:en)  |
| federation (wd:Q43702)                | federation (lang:en)               |

Answer: Australia has a constitutional monarchy, a representative democracy, and is a federation.

Australia has a constitutional monarchy, a representative democracy, and is a federation.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?government ?governmentLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?government .
  ?government rdfs:label ?governmentLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?governmentLabel ) = "en" )
}

Using entities:
- Australia (wd:Q408), also known as AU, AUS, Aussieland, Commonwealth of Australia, Down Under, etc.: is instance of sovereign state / is instance of federation / is instance of country / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania

Using properties:
- basic form of government (wd:P122 as wdt), also known as form of government, government, type of government, P122: subject's government / the subject's government / the subject's government

Execution result:
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| government                            | governmentLabel                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| representative democracy (wd:Q188759) | representative democracy (lang:en) |
| constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614)   | constitutional monarchy (lang:en)  |
| federation (wd:Q43702)                | federation (lang:en)               |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties, and notes:
  - P106 = occupation. Use wdt:P106 to get occupations and fetch English labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en"). When returning human occupations confirm the subject is human (wdt:P31 wd:Q5) to avoid non-human items.
  - Population (P1082) and tabular (P4179): use wdt:P1082 for quick/direct values; for time-series/point-in-time use p:P1082 + ps:P1082 + pq:P585 and ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC. Inspect statement qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part') and prov:wasDerivedFrom references (pr:P854 etc.) to detect city-proper vs metro/prefecture scopes before using values.
  - Common person properties: P31 (instance of human Q5), P106 (occupation), P569 (date of birth), P19 (place of birth), P27 (country of citizenship), P21 (sex/gender), P166 (award received). Use wdt: for direct values when possible.
  - P17 (country) can be incomplete/misleading for places (historical/overseas tags). To get modern cities in a country combine: instance-of city (P31=Q515) + wdt:P17 OR use wdt:P131* to find an admin parent whose wdt:P17 = the country. Also cross-check coordinates (P625) or admin hierarchy to spot outliers.
  - When filtering by date of birth (P569) use xsd:dateTime comparisons (e.g. >= "1900-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime). Be aware many items have year-only or imprecise dates and coverage is biased toward notable/public figures (sportspeople, politicians, artists).
  - To retrieve qualifiers (e.g., award year) use the statement/qualifier pattern: p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:P585. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when you don't need qualifiers. Example: p:P166 + pq:P585 gives award year.
  - To get a person's occupations: use wdt:P106 for direct/normalized values and rdfs:label for human-readable names (FILTER(LANG(...))). Example: wd:Q... wdt:P106 ?occ . ?occ rdfs:label ?occLabel . FILTER(LANG(?occLabel)="en").
  - P166 = award received. Use wdt:P166 for normalized/direct values when you only need award items. To get award years or qualifiers use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585. Many statements lack pq:P585 — use OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } and ORDER BY DESC(?date). When listing award winners, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans.
  - Population time-series pattern: wd:Q... p:P1082 ?stmt . ?stmt ps:P1082 ?pop . OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } . ORDER BY DESC(?date). pq:P585 is the point-in-time qualifier. IMPORTANT: time-series may mix scopes (city proper vs metro) — e.g., Tokyo has a 2016 entry ~38,140,000 likely metro vs smaller city figures. Inspect qualifiers/references for scope before use.
  - Use wdt:P131* to traverse the admin hierarchy and compare wdt:P17 on the place vs an admin parent to detect historical/colonial country assignments. When mismatches appear, inspect the admin parent's instance-of (P31), labels, qualifiers and references to interpret the historical scope.
  - wdt:P106 often yields multiple occupations for a person. Use GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT ?occLabel; separator=", ") or return multiple rows. Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") to get readable occupation names.
  - When a search_entity returns multiple hits (person vs sculpture vs memorial), confirm you selected the human/statements by checking wdt:P31 (instance of) and relevant wdt: properties (e.g., wdt:P106). This avoids using a non-human QID by mistake.
  - search_autocomplete can be constrained with a SPARQL pattern containing ?search (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }). Use constraints to focus results (e.g., humans) and avoid ambiguous fallbacks; if it returns no results, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
  - Use search_property_of_entity to find relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'award' -> P166) and search_object_of_property to discover candidate objects (e.g., 'physicist' for P106). This reduces guessing P/Q ids and surfaces qualifiers.
  - Inspect statement references and qualifiers: use prov:wasDerivedFrom on p: statements to find sources, and check qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part' or other scope qualifiers) to disambiguate city vs metro vs admin area. Reference labels can be empty; inspect reference node properties for URLs or publication dates.

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

General notes across knowledge graphs:
- Use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") for labels; avoid SERVICE wikibase:label. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access statement qualifiers (e.g., award year via pq:P585). When dates matter, prefer xsd:dateTime and watch for year-only precision.
- Practical query patterns: use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(...)) for labels. Use wdt:Pxxx for direct/normalized values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (dates via pq:P585). For dates use xsd:dateTime and expect year-only precision. For places: combine P17 with P131 or coordinate (P625) filters to avoid historical/overseas mismatches.
- Use OPTIONAL for pq: qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585), sort by qualifier (ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC) to prefer recent values. Use GROUP_CONCAT to combine multiple labels/values in one row. Watch for typed literals (xsd:dateTime, xsd:decimal) when filtering or sorting.
- Before querying, use search_entity to resolve human-friendly names to wd:Q identifiers and verify instance-of (e.g., check wdt:P31 = wd:Q5 for humans) to avoid ambiguous matches. Prefer the top match but programmatically confirm P31 before using its data.
- Use search_property to confirm property identifiers (e.g., "country" -> P17) before embedding them in queries. This prevents mistakes from assuming an ID and helps pick the best property if multiple choices exist.
- search_autocomplete can fall back to an unconstrained search or error when there are too many candidates. If this happens (e.g., "more than the maximum supported number of subject candidates"), retry with narrower constraints such as instance-of (wdt:P31), additional type filters, or short prefixes to reduce the candidate set; otherwise fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
- Use list(...) to inspect all triples on an entity for exploration, but expect large results for notable items. Prefer wdt: properties or targeted p:/ps:/pq: patterns in SPARQL when you need normalized values or qualifiers, respectively.
- Before embedding property or item IDs in SPARQL, use search_property, search_property_of_entity, and search_object_of_property to discover the appropriate P/PID or object QIDs. This reduces errors from guessing IDs and surfaces better property alternatives and qualifiers.
- search_constrained and search_autocomplete can return no results for constrained queries or when the index is large. If they fail, fallback to search_entity + verify P31 (or use search_property_of_entity). Constrain with instance-of (wdt:P31) or other properties in the SPARQL to improve matches.
- When selecting awards by year, prefer xsd:dateTime range filters (e.g., >= "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for portability and precision.
- When selecting award winners via wdt:P166, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans — fictional characters or non-humans may have award claims. If you need award years use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 and OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?year } to retrieve qualifier years.
- Use wdt:P625 (coordinates) together with wdt:P131* and wdt:P17 checks to validate a place's modern country or to filter by geography. When country labels mismatch historically, inspect admin parents and coordinates to resolve whether the item refers to historical/colonial scope or current boundaries.
- Prefer wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585 for award year). Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en").
- If search_autocomplete returns too many candidates or errors, retry with constraints (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }) or narrower query text. If still failing, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31 for type checks.
- For award-year queries use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 to access award statements and year qualifiers. Filter by xsd:dateTime ranges (e.g., >= "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for robustness.
- Use search_property_of_entity to surface relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'birth' -> P569/P19). list(...) can inspect triples but may return large results for notable items—prefer targeted wdt: patterns (wdt:Pxxx) or p:/ps:/pq: patterns when you need qualifiers.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] what type of government does australia have?

[Assistant]
To determine the type of government Australia has, I need to find information about Australia's governmental system. This typically involves identifying the relevant property in Wikidata that describes the form of government of a country.

### Step 1: Search for the entity for Australia
First, I'll search for the Wikidata entity corresponding to Australia.

Question: australia

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Australia (wd:Q408), also known as AU, AUS, Aussieland, Commonwealth of Australia, Down Under, etc.: is instance of sovereign state / is instance of federation / is instance of country / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania / country in Oceania
2. Australian continent (wd:Q3960, matched via Australia), also known as Australia, Australia (continent), Australinea, Meganesia, New Holland, etc.: continent in the Earth's Southern Hemisphere / continent in Earth's Southern Hemisphere / is instance of continent / continent
3. Australia (wd:Q275180): 2008 film by Baz Luhrmann / is instance of film
4. Australia (wd:Q205546): 1989 film by Jean-Jacques Andrien / is instance of film
5. Australia (wd:Q4823546): 1996 single by Manic Street Preachers / is instance of single
6. Australia (wd:Q16835533): is instance of Horse / is instance of horse / Racehorse
7. Australia (wd:Q781244): is instance of board game / board game
8. Australia (wd:Q4823541), also known as Australia (KA–5): yacht that raced in the Americas Cup / is instance of sailing yacht
9. Australia (wd:Q12887638): village and ''consejo popular'' in Cuba / is instance of human settlement
10. Australia (wd:Q25907685): albedo feature on the planet Mercury / is instance of albedo feature

[Assistant]
The top result is `wd:Q408`, which corresponds to the sovereign state of Australia. This is the correct entity to use for querying information about Australia's government.

### Step 2: Search for properties related to government
Now, I'll search for properties related to "government" or "form of government" to identify the correct property that describes the type of government of a country.

Question: government

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. basic form of government (wd:P122 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via government), also known as form of government, government, type of government, P122: the subject's government / the subject's government / subject's government
2. foundational text (wd:P457 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via constitution), also known as charter, constitution, constitutive text, created by, created in document, etc.: text through which an institution or object has been created or established / text through which an institution has been created
3. country of citizenship (wd:P27 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via nation), also known as citizen of, citizenship, country, (legal) nationality, nation, etc.: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / is subproperty of country
4. executive body (wd:P208 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via executive branch), also known as executive branch, P208: branch of government for the daily administration of the territorial entity / branch of government for the daily administration of the state
5. head of government (wd:P6 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn), also known as chancellor, executive power headed by, first minister, government headed by, governor, etc.: head of the executive power of this town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body / head of the executive power of a town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body / head of the executive power of a town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of manager/director / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of chairperson
6. political coalition (wd:P5832 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via political bloc), also known as alliance, coalition, electoral alliance, electoral block, electoral list, etc.: agreement for cooperation between different political parties / is subproperty of member of
7. industry (wd:P452 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via sector), also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector, etc.: specific industry of company or organization / is subproperty of part of
8. head of state (wd:P35 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via president), also known as chief of state, emperor, governor, king, leader, etc.: official with the highest formal authority in a country/state / official with the highest formal authority in a country / official with the highest formal authority in a country / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of manager/director / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of chairperson
9. rector (wd:P1075 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via president), also known as chancellor, president, Rector (academia), university president, P1075: senior official in an educational institution. / senior official in an educational institution / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of manager/director / is subproperty of chairperson
10. chairperson (wd:P488 as ps/psv/p/pqv/pqn/psn/pq/wdt/pr/prn/prv/wdtn, matched via president), also known as chair, chairman, chairwoman, dean, headed by, etc.: presiding member of an organization, group, or body / presiding member of an organisation, group or body / presiding member of an organization, group or body / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of manager/director / is subproperty of director/manager

[Assistant]
The most relevant property for the "type of government" is **P122** ("basic form of government"). This property directly describes the form of government of a country, which is exactly what we need.

### Step 3: Query the form of government for Australia
Now, I will query Wikidata to retrieve the basic form of government for Australia (`wd:Q408`) using property `wdt:P122`. I will also fetch the English label for the government type to make the result human-readable.

The SPARQL query will:
- Select the government type (`?government`) from `wd:Q408` using `wdt:P122`.
- Retrieve the English label of the government type using `rdfs:label` and `FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en")`.

Let me execute this query.

execute

SELECT ?government ?governmentLabel WHERE { wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?government . ?government rdfs:label ?governmentLabel . FILTER(LANG(?governmentLabel) = "en") }

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| government                            | governmentLabel                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| representative democracy (wd:Q188759) | representative democracy (lang:en) |
| constitutional monarchy (wd:Q41614)   | constitutional monarchy (lang:en)  |
| federation (wd:Q43702)                | federation (lang:en)               |

[Assistant]
The query returns three values for Australia's government type:
1. **Representative democracy** (`wd:Q188759`)
2. **Constitutional monarchy** (`wd:Q41614`)
3. **Federation** (`wd:Q43702`)

These are all accurate descriptions of Australia's governmental system:
- Australia is a **constitutional monarchy**, with the British monarch as the ceremonial head of state, represented by the Governor-General.
- It is a **representative democracy**, where citizens elect representatives to make laws and govern.
- It is also a **federation**, composed of six states and two territories with a division of powers between the federal and state governments.

Since the question asks for "what type of government" Australia has, the most comprehensive answer includes all three aspects. However, if we must pick the most defining characteristic, **constitutional monarchy** and **representative democracy** are the core political systems, while federation describes its structural organization.

For completeness, I will provide the full answer including all three types.

### Final Answer:
Australia has a **constitutional monarchy**, a **representative democracy**, and is a **federation**.

Here is the final SPARQL query used:

answer

SELECT ?government ?governmentLabel WHERE { wd:Q408 wdt:P122 ?government . ?government rdfs:label ?governmentLabel . FILTER(LANG(?governmentLabel) = "en") }

Answer: Australia has a constitutional monarchy, a representative democracy, and is a federation.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?team WHERE {
  wd:Q611891 wdt:P54 ?team
}

Using entities:
- Archie Manning (wd:Q611891), also known as Elisha Archibald Manning III: has occupation American football player / has occupation football player / is instance of human / American football player (born 1949)

Using properties:
- member of sports team (wd:P54 as wdt), also known as club played for, member of team, of team, part of team, played for, etc.: is subproperty of member of / sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented

Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| team                                   |
| -------------------------------------- |
| New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

Answer: Archie Manning, Peyton Manning's father, played for the New Orleans Saints, Minnesota Vikings, Tennessee Titans, and Ole Miss Rebels football.

Archie Manning, Peyton Manning's father, played for the New Orleans Saints, Minnesota Vikings, Tennessee Titans, and Ole Miss Rebels football.

SPARQL query over wikidata:
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?team WHERE {
  wd:Q611891 wdt:P54 ?team
}

Using entities:
- Archie Manning (wd:Q611891), also known as Elisha Archibald Manning III: has occupation American football player / has occupation football player / is instance of human / American football player (born 1949)

Using properties:
- member of sports team (wd:P54 as wdt), also known as club played for, member of team, of team, part of team, played for, etc.: is subproperty of member of / sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented

Execution result:
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| team                                   |
| -------------------------------------- |
| New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Available knowledge graphs:
- wikidata at http://localhost:7001 with prefix index for entities and similarity index for properties, and notes:
  - P106 = occupation. Use wdt:P106 to get occupations and fetch English labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en"). When returning human occupations confirm the subject is human (wdt:P31 wd:Q5) to avoid non-human items.
  - Population (P1082) and tabular (P4179): use wdt:P1082 for quick/direct values; for time-series/point-in-time use p:P1082 + ps:P1082 + pq:P585 and ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC. Inspect statement qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part') and prov:wasDerivedFrom references (pr:P854 etc.) to detect city-proper vs metro/prefecture scopes before using values.
  - Common person properties: P31 (instance of human Q5), P106 (occupation), P569 (date of birth), P19 (place of birth), P27 (country of citizenship), P21 (sex/gender), P166 (award received). Use wdt: for direct values when possible.
  - P17 (country) can be incomplete/misleading for places (historical/overseas tags). To get modern cities in a country combine: instance-of city (P31=Q515) + wdt:P17 OR use wdt:P131* to find an admin parent whose wdt:P17 = the country. Also cross-check coordinates (P625) or admin hierarchy to spot outliers.
  - When filtering by date of birth (P569) use xsd:dateTime comparisons (e.g. >= "1900-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime). Be aware many items have year-only or imprecise dates and coverage is biased toward notable/public figures (sportspeople, politicians, artists).
  - To retrieve qualifiers (e.g., award year) use the statement/qualifier pattern: p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:P585. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when you don't need qualifiers. Example: p:P166 + pq:P585 gives award year.
  - To get a person's occupations: use wdt:P106 for direct/normalized values and rdfs:label for human-readable names (FILTER(LANG(...))). Example: wd:Q... wdt:P106 ?occ . ?occ rdfs:label ?occLabel . FILTER(LANG(?occLabel)="en").
  - P166 = award received. Use wdt:P166 for normalized/direct values when you only need award items. To get award years or qualifiers use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585. Many statements lack pq:P585 — use OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } and ORDER BY DESC(?date). When listing award winners, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans.
  - Population time-series pattern: wd:Q... p:P1082 ?stmt . ?stmt ps:P1082 ?pop . OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?date } . ORDER BY DESC(?date). pq:P585 is the point-in-time qualifier. IMPORTANT: time-series may mix scopes (city proper vs metro) — e.g., Tokyo has a 2016 entry ~38,140,000 likely metro vs smaller city figures. Inspect qualifiers/references for scope before use.
  - Use wdt:P131* to traverse the admin hierarchy and compare wdt:P17 on the place vs an admin parent to detect historical/colonial country assignments. When mismatches appear, inspect the admin parent's instance-of (P31), labels, qualifiers and references to interpret the historical scope.
  - wdt:P106 often yields multiple occupations for a person. Use GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT ?occLabel; separator=", ") or return multiple rows. Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") to get readable occupation names.
  - When a search_entity returns multiple hits (person vs sculpture vs memorial), confirm you selected the human/statements by checking wdt:P31 (instance of) and relevant wdt: properties (e.g., wdt:P106). This avoids using a non-human QID by mistake.
  - search_autocomplete can be constrained with a SPARQL pattern containing ?search (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }). Use constraints to focus results (e.g., humans) and avoid ambiguous fallbacks; if it returns no results, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
  - Use search_property_of_entity to find relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'award' -> P166) and search_object_of_property to discover candidate objects (e.g., 'physicist' for P106). This reduces guessing P/Q ids and surfaces qualifiers.
  - Inspect statement references and qualifiers: use prov:wasDerivedFrom on p: statements to find sources, and check qualifiers (e.g., 'applies to part' or other scope qualifiers) to disambiguate city vs metro vs admin area. Reference labels can be empty; inspect reference node properties for URLs or publication dates.

Index types used for entities and properties:
- Prefix index: Retrieves items by overlap between query keywords and item words. The query keywords can match item words exactly or as prefixes.
- Similarity index: Retrieves items by cosine similarity between their embeddings and the query embedding.

General notes across knowledge graphs:
- Use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label)="en") for labels; avoid SERVICE wikibase:label. Use wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access statement qualifiers (e.g., award year via pq:P585). When dates matter, prefer xsd:dateTime and watch for year-only precision.
- Practical query patterns: use rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(...)) for labels. Use wdt:Pxxx for direct/normalized values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (dates via pq:P585). For dates use xsd:dateTime and expect year-only precision. For places: combine P17 with P131 or coordinate (P625) filters to avoid historical/overseas mismatches.
- Use OPTIONAL for pq: qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585), sort by qualifier (ORDER BY pq:P585 DESC) to prefer recent values. Use GROUP_CONCAT to combine multiple labels/values in one row. Watch for typed literals (xsd:dateTime, xsd:decimal) when filtering or sorting.
- Before querying, use search_entity to resolve human-friendly names to wd:Q identifiers and verify instance-of (e.g., check wdt:P31 = wd:Q5 for humans) to avoid ambiguous matches. Prefer the top match but programmatically confirm P31 before using its data.
- Use search_property to confirm property identifiers (e.g., "country" -> P17) before embedding them in queries. This prevents mistakes from assuming an ID and helps pick the best property if multiple choices exist.
- search_autocomplete can fall back to an unconstrained search or error when there are too many candidates. If this happens (e.g., "more than the maximum supported number of subject candidates"), retry with narrower constraints such as instance-of (wdt:P31), additional type filters, or short prefixes to reduce the candidate set; otherwise fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31.
- Use list(...) to inspect all triples on an entity for exploration, but expect large results for notable items. Prefer wdt: properties or targeted p:/ps:/pq: patterns in SPARQL when you need normalized values or qualifiers, respectively.
- Before embedding property or item IDs in SPARQL, use search_property, search_property_of_entity, and search_object_of_property to discover the appropriate P/PID or object QIDs. This reduces errors from guessing IDs and surfaces better property alternatives and qualifiers.
- search_constrained and search_autocomplete can return no results for constrained queries or when the index is large. If they fail, fallback to search_entity + verify P31 (or use search_property_of_entity). Constrain with instance-of (wdt:P31) or other properties in the SPARQL to improve matches.
- When selecting awards by year, prefer xsd:dateTime range filters (e.g., >= "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for portability and precision.
- When selecting award winners via wdt:P166, filter ?person wdt:P31 wd:Q5 to ensure humans — fictional characters or non-humans may have award claims. If you need award years use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 and OPTIONAL { ?stmt pq:P585 ?year } to retrieve qualifier years.
- Use wdt:P625 (coordinates) together with wdt:P131* and wdt:P17 checks to validate a place's modern country or to filter by geography. When country labels mismatch historically, inspect admin parents and coordinates to resolve whether the item refers to historical/colonial scope or current boundaries.
- Prefer wdt:Pxxx for normalized/direct values when qualifiers aren't needed. Use p:Pxxx / ps:Pxxx / pq:Pxxx to access qualifiers (e.g., pq:P585 for award year). Always fetch labels with rdfs:label + FILTER(LANG(?label) = "en").
- If search_autocomplete returns too many candidates or errors, retry with constraints (e.g., SELECT * WHERE { ?search wdt:P31 wd:Q5 }) or narrower query text. If still failing, fallback to search_entity and verify wdt:P31 for type checks.
- For award-year queries use p:P166 / ps:P166 / pq:P585 to access award statements and year qualifiers. Filter by xsd:dateTime ranges (e.g., >= "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime && < "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) instead of YEAR() for robustness.
- Use search_property_of_entity to surface relevant properties for an entity (e.g., 'birth' -> P569/P19). list(...) can inspect triples but may return large results for notable items—prefer targeted wdt: patterns (wdt:Pxxx) or p:/ps:/pq: patterns when you need qualifiers.

SPARQL prefixes for use in function calls:
- bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
- cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
- data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
- dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
- dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
- foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
- geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
- gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
- hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
- imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
- math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
- ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
- owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
- p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
- pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
- pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
- pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
- pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
- prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
- prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
- prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
- ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
- psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
- psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
- qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
- qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
- ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
- qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
- rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
- rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
- ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
- s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
- schema: <http://schema.org/
- skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
- v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
- void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#
- wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
- wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
- wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
- wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
- wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
- xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Additional rules to follow:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not ask the user for clarifications without first attempting to complete the task. If the task input is incomplete or ambiguous, try to make reasonable assumptions and document them.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] what team did peyton manning's dad play for?

[Assistant]
To determine which team Peyton Manning's dad played for, I need to follow these steps:

1. Identify Peyton Manning's father.
2. Find the sports team(s) his father played for.

### Step 1: Identify Peyton Manning's father
Peyton Manning is a well-known American football player. His father is Archie Manning, who was also a professional football player in the NFL.

I'll first search for Peyton Manning to confirm his identity and then find information about his father.

Question: peyton manning

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Peyton Manning (wd:Q7539), also known as Peyton Williams Manning, The Sheriff: has occupation American football player / American football player (born 1976) / has occupation football player / has occupation restaurateur / has occupation voice actor / has occupation actor / is instance of human
2. Peyton Manning statue (wd:Q130406528): is instance of sculpture / statue of Peyton Manning
3. Statue of Peyton Manning (wd:Q130641896): bronze sculpture in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S / is instance of statue
4. Peyton Manning's Monologue (wd:Q110057291): is instance of Saturday Night Live sketch / sketch from Saturday Night Live
5. Peyton Manning/Carrie Underwood (wd:Q110036879), also known as Saturday Night Live S32E16, Saturday Night Live, season 32 episode 16: is instance of television series episode / episode of Saturday Night Live (S32 E16)
6. Peyton Peyton-Jones (wd:Q75285898): Peerage person ID=38720 / is instance of human
7. Chelsea Manning (wd:Q298423), also known as Bradley Edward Manning, Bradley Manning, Chelsea Elizabeth Manning, Chelsea E. Manning: American activist and whistleblower (born 1987) / has occupation intelligence analyst / American activist and whistleblower / has occupation military personnel / has occupation Military personnel / has occupation computer scientist / has occupation activist / is instance of human
8. Francis Peyton Rous (wd:Q298707, matched via Peyton Rous), also known as F. Peyton Rous, Peyton Rous: has occupation university teacher / American scientist (1879-1970) / has occupation pathologist / has occupation virologist / has occupation physician / has occupation chemist / has occupation Chemist / is instance of human
9. Peyton List (wd:Q234299): has occupation television actor / American actress (born 1998) / has occupation child actor / has occupation voice actor / has occupation film actor / has occupation Model / has occupation model / is instance of human
10. Roosevelt Island (wd:Q909777, matched via Manning Island), also known as Blackwell 's Island, Blackwells Island, Franklin D. Roosevelt Island, Hog Island, Manning Island, etc.: island on East River in New York City, United States / is instance of river island / is instance of island

[Assistant]
The top result is Peyton Manning (wd:Q7539), which is the correct entity. Now, I'll look for information about his father by checking the family relations or parent property.

I'll use `search_property_of_entity` to find properties related to "father" or "parent" for Peyton Manning.

Question: father

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. father (wd:P22 as p/wdt), also known as child of, dad, daddy, daughter of, has father, etc.: male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent' (P3448) / male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448) / male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448) / is subproperty of parent
2. relative (wd:P1038 as p/wdt, matched via father-in-law), also known as ancestor, aunt, aunt-in-law, brother-in-law, co-brother-in-law, etc.: family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / family member (qualify with "type of kinship", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / is subproperty of significant person
3. family (wd:P53 as p/wdt), also known as dynasty, house, member of family, noble family, royal house, etc.: family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name). / family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name) / family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name) / is subproperty of member of
4. sibling (wd:P3373 as p/wdt, matched via brother), also known as bro, brother, brother of, brother or sister, brothers, etc.: the subject and the object have at least one common parent ... etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.) / the subject has the object as their sibling (brother, sister, ... etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.) / is subproperty of relative
5. family name (wd:P734 as p/wdt), also known as clan name, last name, surname, P734: last name or family name of a person / part of full name of person / part of full name of person / is subproperty of name
6. given name (wd:P735 as p/wdt, matched via forename), also known as Christian name, first name, forename, middle name, name, etc.: first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / is subproperty of name
7. place of birth (wd:P19 as p/wdt, matched via born), also known as birth city, birth location, birth place, birthplace, born, etc.: most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or ... birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or ... birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character / is subproperty of location
8. date of birth (wd:P569 as p/wdt, matched via born), also known as birth date, birthdate, birth year, birthyear, born, etc.: is subproperty of date of foundation or creation / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / date on which the subject was born / is subproperty of inception
9. country of citizenship (wd:P27 as p/wdt, matched via nationality), also known as citizen of, citizenship, country, (legal) nationality, nation, etc.: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / is subproperty of country

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "father" is identified as `wdt:P22`. Now I'll retrieve the father of Peyton Manning using this property.

execute

SELECT ?father WHERE { wd:Q7539 wdt:P22 ?father }

[Assistant]
Peyton Manning's father is Archie Manning (wd:Q611891). Now I need to find out which team Archie Manning played for.

I'll search for properties related to "team" or "sports team" for Archie Manning.

Question: team

Top 10 property alternatives:
1. member of sports team (wd:P54 as p/wdt, matched via team), also known as club played for, member of team, of team, part of team, played for, etc.: sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented / sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented / is subproperty of member of
2. sport (wd:P641 as p/wdt), also known as play, plays, sport played, sports, P641: sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with / sport or discipline in which the entity participates or belongs to
3. award received (wd:P166 as p/wdt, matched via win), also known as award, awarded, awards, awards received, award won, etc.: award or recognition received by a person, organisation or creative work / award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work / award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work / awards received by a person, organisation or creative work
4. position played on team / speciality (wd:P413 as p/wdt), also known as fielding position, player position, position, position (on team), specialism, etc.: position the player plays. Samples: defenceman, pitcher, goalie / position the player plays. Samples: defenceman, pitcher, goalie / position or specialism of a player on a team
5. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. relative (wd:P1038 as p/wdt, matched via relation), also known as ancestor, aunt, aunt-in-law, brother-in-law, co-brother-in-law, etc.: family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / family member (qualify with "type of kinship", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property) / is subproperty of significant person
7. given name (wd:P735 as p/wdt, matched via name), also known as Christian name, first name, forename, middle name, name, etc.: first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names / is subproperty of name
8. country of citizenship (wd:P27 as p/wdt, matched via nation), also known as citizen of, citizenship, country, (legal) nationality, nation, etc.: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen / is subproperty of country
9. child (wd:P40 as p/wdt, matched via sons), also known as children, daughter, daughters, descendants, father of, etc.: subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039) / subject has the object in their family as their offspring son or daughter (independently of their age) / subject has object as biological, foster, and/or adoptive child / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of relative
10. family (wd:P53 as p/wdt), also known as dynasty, house, member of family, noble family, royal house, etc.: family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name). / family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name) / family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name) / is subproperty of member of

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "member of sports team" is identified as `wdt:P54`. Now I'll retrieve the sports teams Archie Manning played for using this property.

SELECT ?team WHERE { wd:Q611891 wdt:P54 ?team }

Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| team                                   |
| -------------------------------------- |
| New Orleans Saints (wd:Q172435)        |
| Minnesota Vikings (wd:Q221150)         |
| Tennessee Titans (wd:Q320484)          |
| Ole Miss Rebels football (wd:Q7085897) |

[Assistant]
Archie Manning played for the following teams:

1. New Orleans Saints
2. Minnesota Vikings
3. Tennessee Titans
4. Ole Miss Rebels football (college team)

Since the question asks for the team his dad played for, and Archie Manning is most famously associated with the New Orleans Saints (his primary NFL team), the most relevant answer is the New Orleans Saints.

However, to be comprehensive, I'll return all teams he played for.

Final SPARQL query:

answer

SELECT ?team WHERE { wd:Q611891 wdt:P54 ?team }

Answer: Archie Manning, Peyton Manning's father, played for the New Orleans Saints, Minnesota Vikings, Tennessee Titans, and Ole Miss Rebels football.