PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?subtype ?subtypeLabel ( COUNT( ?pub ) AS ?count ) ( 100.0 * COUNT( ?pub ) / ?total AS ?percentage ) WHERE {
  {
    SELECT ( COUNT( ?p ) AS ?total ) WHERE {
      ?p dblp:bibtexType ?anyType .
    }
  }
  ?pub dblp:bibtexType ?subtype .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?subtype rdfs:label ?subtypeLabel
  }
}
GROUP BY ?subtype ?subtypeLabel ?total
ORDER BY DESC ( ?count )

Got 8 rows and 4 columns:
| subtype              | subtypeLabel | count             | percentage                |
| -------------------- | ------------ | ----------------- | ------------------------- |
| bibtex:Article       |              | 3861020 (xsd:int) | 49.1704 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Inproceedings |              | 3680184 (xsd:int) | 46.8674 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Phdthesis     |              | 144012 (xsd:int)  | 1.834 (xsd:decimal)       |
| bibtex:Incollection  |              | 70874 (xsd:int)   | 0.902585 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Proceedings   |              | 61565 (xsd:int)   | 0.784035 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Book          |              | 21028 (xsd:int)   | 0.267793 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Misc          |              | 13623 (xsd:int)   | 0.17349 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Mastersthesis |              | 27 (xsd:int)      | 0.000343847 (xsd:decimal) |

The query now returns the actual IRIs of the publication subtype entities, along with their counts and percentage frequencies. Optionally, it retrieves a human-readable label if available. Here are the results:

- bibtex:Article: 3,861,020 publications (49.17%)
- bibtex:Inproceedings: 3,680,184 publications (46.87%)
- bibtex:Phdthesis: 144,012 publications (1.83%)
- bibtex:Incollection: 70,874 publications (0.90%)
- bibtex:Proceedings: 61,565 publications (0.78%)
- bibtex:Book: 21,028 publications (0.27%)
- bibtex:Misc: 13,623 publications (0.17%)
- bibtex:Mastersthesis: 27 publications (0.0003%)

The returned ?subtype column contains the full IRIs for each subtype entity.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Count and percentage frequency of the publication subtype entities

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find all publication subtype entities in the DBLP knowledge graph.
2. For each subtype, we need to count how many publications are of that subtype.
3. We also need to calculate the percentage frequency of each subtype relative to the total number of publications.

Step 1: Identify the property that links a publication to its subtype. Let's search for properties related to "subtype" in DBLP.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. sub stream (dblp:subStream): This stream is (or was) a part of the other stream., relatedStream, Stream
2. is version of (dblp:isVersionOf): The publication is a version of another, more general (concept) publication., Publication
3. is version (dblp:isVersion): The publication is a version of another, more general (concept) publication., VersionRelation, Publication
4. bibtex type (dblp:bibtexType): The bibtex type of the publication, e.g. book, inproceedings, etc., Publication
5. version concept (dblp:versionConcept): The linked general (concept) publication., VersionRelation, Publication
6. issn (dblp:issn): An International Standard Serial Number., identifier, Stream
7. version ordinal (dblp:versionOrdinal): The ordinal number of the specific (instance) publication versio...ge, nor is there a necessary relationship to the version labels., VersionRelation
8. iso4 (dblp:iso4): The stream's ISO4 abbreviation., Stream
9. version instance (dblp:versionInstance): The linked specific (instance) publication version., VersionRelation, Publication
10. webpage (dblp:webpage): The URL of a web page about this item., Entity

[Assistant]
From the property search, it appears that dblp:bibtexType is the property that represents the publication subtype (e.g., book, inproceedings, etc.).

Next steps:
- Count the number of publications for each value of dblp:bibtexType.
- Calculate the percentage frequency for each subtype.

To do this, I will:
1. Count the total number of publications.
2. Count the number of publications per subtype.
3. Calculate the percentage for each subtype.

Let's start by checking how dblp:bibtexType is used in the data.

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                                   | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Incollection  |
| Martijn Oldenhof et al.: Industr...rning for Drug Discovery. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/aaai/OldenhofAPSHSDF23>)                                     | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Inproceedings |
| Friedrich L. Bauer et al.: The M...e Spectrum Language CIP-L (1985) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/BauerB85>)                                               | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Book          |
| Michael Felderer et al.: Ernst D...ractice Meets Foundations (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/22/FHKMPRRS2022>)                                        | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Proceedings   |
| Andreas Pfitzmann: Diensteintegr...überprüfbarem Datenschutz (1990) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/Pfitzmann90>)                                            | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Phdthesis     |
| Andreas Pfitzmann: Konfigurierun...weiterten ADA-Programmen. (1982) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/0070109>)                                            | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Mastersthesis |
| Wenhui Li et al.: Monocular Image Based 3D Model Retrieval. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/LiLNSLWXZBCCCDD19>)                                      | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Inproceedings |
| Sastri Kota et al.: INGR Satellite Roadmap - 2022 Edition. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/5gwf/KotaGAA0BCDDCDD22>)                                       | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Inproceedings |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)         | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Incollection  |
| Artur Binczewski et al.: Polish ... Worldwide LHC Computing. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/plgrid2012/BinczewskiBCDFFGIKLLLMMMNOOPPPRRSSSSTWWWW12>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType) | bibtex:Incollection  |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                  |

[Assistant]
The property dblp:bibtexType links publications to their subtype, such as bibtex:Inproceedings, bibtex:Book, etc.

Now, I'll write a SPARQL query that:
- Groups by the subtype (object of dblp:bibtexType)
- Counts the number of publications for each subtype
- Calculates the percentage frequency for each subtype relative to the total number of publications

To do this efficiently, I'll use a subquery to get the total count, and then compute the percentage in the main query.

Here is the SPARQL query:

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| subtype              | count             | percentage                |
| -------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------- |
| bibtex:Article       | 3861020 (xsd:int) | 49.1704 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Inproceedings | 3680184 (xsd:int) | 46.8674 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Phdthesis     | 144012 (xsd:int)  | 1.834 (xsd:decimal)       |
| bibtex:Incollection  | 70874 (xsd:int)   | 0.902585 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Proceedings   | 61565 (xsd:int)   | 0.784035 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Book          | 21028 (xsd:int)   | 0.267793 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Misc          | 13623 (xsd:int)   | 0.17349 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Mastersthesis | 27 (xsd:int)      | 0.000343847 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is almost correct and provides the required counts and percentage frequencies for each publication subtype. However, it does not return the IRIs of the subtype entities directly, but rather their prefixed names (e.g., bibtex:Article). To fully comply with the requirement that the query should always return the actual identifiers/IRIs of the items in its result, the query should bind the full IRI of the subtype (e.g., ?subtype) and optionally retrieve a human-readable label using rdfs:label in an OPTIONAL clause. Please update the query to ensure it returns the actual IRIs of the subtype entities.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: the query should return the actual IRIs of the subtype entities, not just their prefixed names. Additionally, to provide human-readable information, I will include an OPTIONAL clause to retrieve the rdfs:label for each subtype.

Here is the refined SPARQL query that:
- Returns the actual IRI of each subtype (?subtype)
- Optionally retrieves a human-readable label (?subtypeLabel)
- Provides the count and percentage frequency for each subtype

Let's proceed with the updated query.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 4 columns:
| subtype              | subtypeLabel | count             | percentage                |
| -------------------- | ------------ | ----------------- | ------------------------- |
| bibtex:Article       |              | 3861020 (xsd:int) | 49.1704 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Inproceedings |              | 3680184 (xsd:int) | 46.8674 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Phdthesis     |              | 144012 (xsd:int)  | 1.834 (xsd:decimal)       |
| bibtex:Incollection  |              | 70874 (xsd:int)   | 0.902585 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Proceedings   |              | 61565 (xsd:int)   | 0.784035 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Book          |              | 21028 (xsd:int)   | 0.267793 (xsd:decimal)    |
| bibtex:Misc          |              | 13623 (xsd:int)   | 0.17349 (xsd:decimal)     |
| bibtex:Mastersthesis |              | 27 (xsd:int)      | 0.000343847 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly returns the IRIs of the publication subtype entities, their counts, and their percentage frequencies, as requested. The use of OPTIONAL for the label is appropriate, and all computation is performed within SPARQL. The answer is complete and matches the user's requirements.


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?author ?name ( COUNT( ?paper ) AS ?numPapers ) WHERE {
  ?paper dblp:publishedInStream <https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir> ; dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  ?author dblp:creatorName ?name .
  FILTER regex( ?name , "^M.*D.*" , "i" )
}
GROUP BY ?author ?name
ORDER BY DESC ( ?numPapers )

Got 237 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                  | name              | numPapers     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ------------- |
| Maarten de Rijke (<https://dblp.org/pid/r/MdRijke>)     | Maarten de Rijke  | 144 (xsd:int) |
| Mark Sanderson (<https://dblp.org/pid/s/MarkSanderson>) | Mark Sanderson    | 48 (xsd:int)  |
| Michael Bendersky (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/4305>)      | Mike Bendersky    | 27 (xsd:int)  |
| Michael Bendersky (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/4305>)      | Michael Bendersky | 27 (xsd:int)  |
| Milad Shokouhi (<https://dblp.org/pid/42/1645>)         | Milad Shokouhi    | 23 (xsd:int)  |
| ...                                                     | ...               | ...           |
| Masafumi Oyamada (<https://dblp.org/pid/28/11004>)      | Masafumi Oyamada  | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Mark A. Stairmand (<https://dblp.org/pid/28/6608>)      | Mark A. Stairmand | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Mira Ait Saada (<https://dblp.org/pid/289/8195>)        | Mira Ait Saada    | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Marcus D. Collins (<https://dblp.org/pid/290/6199>)     | Marcus D. Collins | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Maneendra Perera (<https://dblp.org/pid/297/0605>)      | Maneendra Perera  | 1 (xsd:int)   |

The query lists all SIGIR authors whose names match the pattern "M.*D.*" (case-insensitive), with their IRIs, names, and number of SIGIR papers, ordered by most papers first. For example, Maarten de Rijke (144 papers), Mark Sanderson (48), Mike/Michael Bendersky (27), Milad Shokouhi (23), and more.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] All SIGIR authors named like "M.*D.*" (case-insensitive) with their name and number of papers in SIGIR, most papers first

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need to find authors of SIGIR papers whose names match the pattern "M.*D.*" (case-insensitive).
2. For each such author, we need their name and the number of SIGIR papers they have authored.
3. Results should be ordered by the number of papers (descending).

Step 1: Find the SIGIR conference entity in DBLP.
Step 2: Identify how authors and papers are linked, and how to filter by conference.
Step 3: Find the property for author names.
Step 4: Construct a query that counts papers per author matching the name pattern, filters to SIGIR, and orders by count.

Let's start by searching for the SIGIR conference entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)
2. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80d>)
3. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75e>)
4. SIGIR News. (1975) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X75l>)
5. SIGIR News. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76g>)
6. SIGIR News. (1980) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X80i>)
7. SIGIR Bylaws. (1976) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X76e>)
8. Deniz Sigirli, also known as Deniz Sigirli (<https://dblp.org/pid/328/2256>)
9. Silpa Sigireddy, also known as Silpa Sigireddy (<https://dblp.org/pid/69/5396>)
10. Announcement: SIGIR 1986. (1986) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X86e>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Announcement: SIGIR Conference 1978. (1978) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X78a>)
2. CfP: SIGIR Conference 1978. (1977) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X77e>)
3. CfP: SIGIR Conference 1979. (1979) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X79g>)
4. Announcement - SIGIR Conference 1978. (1977) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X77o>)
5. SIGIR Conference 1981 - Announcement. (1981) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigir/X81a>)
6. Conference (dblp:Conference): A conference or workshop series.
7. SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)
8. Tcl/Tk Conference (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/tcltk>)
9. ASL Conference (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/asl>)
10. ALGO Conference (ALGO) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/algo>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>)
2. ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/mm>)
3. ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ics>)
4. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (ICPS) (<https://dblp.org/streams/series/aicps>)
5. ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers (CF) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/cf>)
6. ACM International Conference on ...rnational Agent Technology (IAT) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/iat>)
7. ACM SIGPLAN International Confer...on Functional Programming (ICFP) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/icfp>)
8. ACM International Conference on Design of Communication (SIGDOC) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigdoc>)
9. ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems (e-Energy) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/eenergy>)
10. ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences (IMX) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/tvx>)

[Tool]
Got 23 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                     | object                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q105694973                                                       |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://dl.acm.org/conference/ir>                                  |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | streamTitle (dblp:streamTitle)               | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | indexPage (dblp:indexPage)                   | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/sigir/index>                              |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | primaryStreamTitle (dblp:primaryStreamTitle) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | relatedStream (dblp:relatedStream)           | SIGIR Forum (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/sigir>)             |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | subStream (dblp:subStream)                   | Workshop on eCommerce (eCom) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ecom>) |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | formerStreamTitle (dblp:formerStreamTitle)   | International Conference on Information Storage and Retrieval       |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | rdf:type                                     | Conference (dblp:Conference)                                        |
| Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn40469812                                                        |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                          | ...                                                                 |

[Tool]
Got 6,770 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Zhaoxin Huan et al.: Exploring M...th a Large Scale Dataset. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/HuanDLZM0ZZMGLZ24>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Alessandro Bozzon et al.: Pharos...iovisual search platform. (2009) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/BozzonBFNDMNPAPLZBWC09>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Lanling Xu et al.: Towards a Mor... for Recommender Systems. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/XuTZZWZLTZHPZCW23>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Rosie Jones et al.: Current Chal...dcast Information Access. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/JonesZSCRCKHPNY21>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Tsuyoshi Kitani et al.: Lessons ... for Japanese IR Systems. (1998) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/KitaniOIKKTFMUSTTNA98>)  | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Feng-Lin Li et al.: AliMe Avatar...ive-streaming E-commerce. (2021) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/LiZ0LCCPZSLXHZC21>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Wen Zhang et al.: NeuralKG: An O...ning of Knowledge Graphs. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZhangCYCZYHXZXY22>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Haolan Zhan et al.: SocialDial: ...y-Aware Dialogue Systems. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/ZhanLWLFKHQSSZS23>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| James Mayfield et al.: On the Ev...achine-Generated Reports. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/MayfieldYLMMOSS24>)      | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 95 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn37065992                                                                                |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>)                                                                  |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>)                                                                  |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | Annual International ACM SIGIR C...in Information Retrieval (SIGIR) (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/sigir>) |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <https://doi.org/10.1145/3626772.3657884>                                                                   |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Inproceedings                                                                                |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 23 (xsd:int)                                                                                |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | title (dblp:title)                         | CIRAL: A Test Collection for CLIR Evaluations in African Languages.                                         |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2024 (xsd:gYear)                                                                                |
| Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al.: CIRAL...ons in African Languages. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/sigir/AdeyemiO0ARCOAE24>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/conf/sigir/sigir2024>                                                                  |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                                |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                            | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Fabrizio Maria Maggi (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/801>) |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Wilfried Verachtert (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/6798>) |
| Albert Ali Salah et al.: Policy ...ons of the D4R Challenge. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/SalahABFMAABBBBBCIKKKKKKM0PRSSSSSTTU19>)       | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Paolo Bosetti (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/9180>)       |
| Marc Roelands et al.: The DiY Sm...t of Things Applications. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/RoelandsPMVSLCSVBHVMGRLDCFMHRNBEARTM11>)    | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Marc Roelands (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/8217>)       |
| Harald Anacker et al.: Methods f...e Design and Development. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/AnackerDFGHHHKKKK0OOPPRRRRSSSTTWXZ14>)      | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Bernd Kleinjohann (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/2717>)   |
| Marilena Alivizatou-Barakou et a...ervation and Development. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/17/Alivizatou-BarakouKTDCNKDBAPTDPPOYCHHCVMMG17>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Sotiris Manitsaris (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/1883>)  |
| Cristina Silvano et al.: The MULTICUBE Design Flow. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/11/SilvanoFPZCMBZAVYWKOTBMPVWD011>)                        | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | William Fornaciari (<https://dblp.org/pid/16/4949>)  |
| Stephen Foreman et al.: Broader ... Dental Data Integration. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/12/ForemanKBMBCPPSKWCHFHTWAMCDS12>)               | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Po-Huang Chyou (<https://dblp.org/pid/131/5974>)     |
| Russell M. Taylor II et al.: Vis...l Systems for Microscopy. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/05/TaylorBBFJJMPQSSSSWWWVGHWR05>)                 | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | David Marshburn (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/3542>)     |
| Jeremy Kepner et al.: New Phenom...e-Scale Internet Traffic. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/crc/22/KepnerCcGMMABBBH00PRRSYM22>)                  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Kenjiro Cho (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/4751>)         |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                                                  |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. authored by (dblp:authoredBy): The publication is authored by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
2. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
3. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. edited by (dblp:editedBy): The publication is edited by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
5. creator name (dblp:creatorName): The full name of the creator., Creator
6. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
7. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
8. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
9. published in book chapter (dblp:publishedInBookChapter): The chapter of the book in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
10. published in series volume (dblp:publishedInSeriesVolume): The volume of the series in which the publication has been publi...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication

[Tool]
Got 28 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                    | property                                     | object                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Jimmy Lin                                                           |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Jimmy Lin                                                           |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q93956311                                                        |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | affiliation (dblp:affiliation)               | Massachusetts Institute of Techn...tificial Intelligence Laboratory |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | orcid (dblp:orcid)                           | <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-7189>                             |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | primaryAffiliation (dblp:primaryAffiliation) | University of Waterloo, David R....riton School of Computer Science |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://dl.acm.org/profile/81471640432>                            |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | archivedWebpage (dblp:archivedWebpage)       | <https://www.umiacs.umd.edu/people/jimmylin>                        |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | homepage (dblp:homepage)                     | <https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~jimmylin/>                                |
| Jimmy Lin (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/7739>) | primaryHomepage (dblp:primaryHomepage)       | <https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~jimmylin/>                                |
| ...                                        | ...                                          | ...                                                                 |

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. authored by (dblp:authoredBy): The publication is authored by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
2. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
3. edited by (dblp:editedBy): The publication is edited by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
4. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
5. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
6. creator name (dblp:creatorName): The full name of the creator., Creator
7. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
8. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
9. created by (dblp:createdBy): The publication is created by the creator., Publication, Creator
10. published in book chapter (dblp:publishedInBookChapter): The chapter of the book in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication

[Tool]
Got 237 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| author                                                  | name              | numPapers     |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ------------- |
| Maarten de Rijke (<https://dblp.org/pid/r/MdRijke>)     | Maarten de Rijke  | 144 (xsd:int) |
| Mark Sanderson (<https://dblp.org/pid/s/MarkSanderson>) | Mark Sanderson    | 48 (xsd:int)  |
| Michael Bendersky (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/4305>)      | Mike Bendersky    | 27 (xsd:int)  |
| Michael Bendersky (<https://dblp.org/pid/80/4305>)      | Michael Bendersky | 27 (xsd:int)  |
| Milad Shokouhi (<https://dblp.org/pid/42/1645>)         | Milad Shokouhi    | 23 (xsd:int)  |
| ...                                                     | ...               | ...           |
| Masafumi Oyamada (<https://dblp.org/pid/28/11004>)      | Masafumi Oyamada  | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Mark A. Stairmand (<https://dblp.org/pid/28/6608>)      | Mark A. Stairmand | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Mira Ait Saada (<https://dblp.org/pid/289/8195>)        | Mira Ait Saada    | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Marcus D. Collins (<https://dblp.org/pid/290/6199>)     | Marcus D. Collins | 1 (xsd:int)   |
| Maneendra Perera (<https://dblp.org/pid/297/0605>)      | Maneendra Perera  | 1 (xsd:int)   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly implements the requirements: it finds all SIGIR authors whose names match the pattern "M.*D.*" (case-insensitive), returns their IRIs, names, and the number of SIGIR papers, and orders the results by the number of papers in descending order. The query uses appropriate properties and does not violate any of the specified SPARQL rules. The answer and sample results are consistent with the query. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?pub ?title WHERE {
  ?pub a dblp:Publication ; dblp:title ?title .
}

Got 7,851,505 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Marc Rettig: The no-nonsense guide to computing careers. (1992) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/0082477>)               | The no-nonsense guide to computing careers.                         |
| Philip R. Cohen and Sharon L. Ov...peech and pen interfaces. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/CohenO17>)       | Multimodal speech and pen interfaces.                               |
| Euan Freeman et al.: Multimodal ..., and their applications. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/FreemanWVNPB17>) | Multimodal feedback in HCI: hapt...h audio, and their applications. |
| Ken Hinckley: A background persp...d multisensor) construct. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/Hinckley17>)     | A background perspective on touc...dal (and multisensor) construct. |
| Karin Harman James et al.: Persp...th multimodal technology. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/JamesLSCO17>)    | Perspectives on learning with multimodal technology.                |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                 |
| Mary F. Fernandez and Jonathan Robie: XML Query Data Model (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/www/org/w3/TR/query-datamodel>) | XML Query Data Model                                                |
| W3C: Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 - first edition. (1998) (<https://dblp.org/rec/www/org/w3/TR/REC-xml>)         | W3C: Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 - first edition.          |
| Donald D. Chamberlin et al.: XML Query Requirements (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/www/org/w3/TR/xmlquery-req>)           | XML Query Requirements                                              |
| Donald D. Chamberlin et al.: XML Query Use Cases (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/www/org/w3/TR/xmlquery-use-cases>)        | XML Query Use Cases                                                 |
| Donald D. Chamberlin et al.: XQu... A Query Language for XML (2001) (<https://dblp.org/rec/www/org/w3/TR/xquery>)        | XQuery: A Query Language for XML                                    |

This query returns all papers (publications) in DBLP with their IRIs and titles. For example, it includes entries like <https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/0082477> with the title 'The no-nonsense guide to computing careers.'

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] All papers with their title

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user wants a list of all papers, each with its title.
2. In DBLP, "papers" are likely represented as entities of type dblp:Publication or similar.
3. The title is likely stored as a property, possibly rdfs:label, dc:title, or similar.

First, I will search for the entity representing "paper" or "publication" in the DBLP knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Michael Paper, also known as Michael Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/346/0267>)
2. Paper Hartman, also known as Paper Hartman (<https://dblp.org/pid/319/9110>)
3. Seymour Papert, also known as Seymour Papert (<https://dblp.org/pid/p/SPapert>)
4. Discussion Paper. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/scientometrics/X12a>)
5. Nicolas Papernot, also known as Nicolas Papernot (<https://dblp.org/pid/162/1405>)
6. Charles Paperman, also known as Charles Paperman (<https://dblp.org/pid/126/2968>)
7. David J. Paper, also known as David J. Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/18/6143>)
8. Denis Paperno, also known as Denis Paperno (<https://dblp.org/pid/148/8948>)
9. David P. Paper, also known as David P. Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/38/2596>)
10. Daniel Papero, also known as Daniel Papero (<https://dblp.org/pid/224/4874>)

[Assistant] The search for "paper" returned mostly author names and not the entity type for papers. Let's try searching for "publication" instead, as DBLP may use this term for papers.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Publication (dblp:Publication): A publication.
2. Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/publications>)
3. publicationNote (dblp:publicationNote): An additional note to the publication.
4. Publication Notice. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tinstmc/X20>)
5. Publication Notice. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/simulation/X24>)
6. Publication only. (1972) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/acm/X72>)
7. IFIP Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/series/ifip>)
8. Dagstuhl Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/dagstuhl>)
9. IFIP TC3/WG3.6 Publication (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ifip3-6>)
10. Schiettecatte: Publication notes. (1991) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigchi/Schiettecatte91>)

[Assistant]
The entity dblp:Publication seems to represent a publication (paper) in DBLP. Now, I need to find the property that stores the title of a publication. Common candidates are rdfs:label, dc:title, or similar.

I'll search for properties related to "title" in the DBLP knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. title (dblp:title): The title of the publication., Publication
2. stream title (dblp:streamTitle): A title of the stream., Stream
3. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. primary stream title (dblp:primaryStreamTitle): The primary title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
5. isbn (dblp:isbn): An International Standard Book Number., Publication, identifier
6. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. former stream title (dblp:formerStreamTitle): A former title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
8. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
9. index page (dblp:indexPage): The URL of the dblp stream index page for this stream., Stream
10. document page (dblp:documentPage): The URL of the electronic edition of the publication., Publication, webpage

[Assistant]
The property dblp:title is used for the title of a publication in DBLP.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve all publications (dblp:Publication) and their titles (dblp:title). To ensure I get the IRIs of the publications and their titles, I'll use the following structure:

SELECT ?pub ?title WHERE { ?pub a dblp:Publication; dblp:title ?title. }

Let's proceed and execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 100 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| pub                                                                                | title                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Marc Rettig: The no-nonsense guide to computing careers. (1992) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/0082477>)               | The no-nonsense guide to computing careers.                         |
| Philip R. Cohen and Sharon L. Ov...peech and pen interfaces. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/CohenO17>)       | Multimodal speech and pen interfaces.                               |
| Euan Freeman et al.: Multimodal ..., and their applications. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/FreemanWVNPB17>) | Multimodal feedback in HCI: hapt...h audio, and their applications. |
| Ken Hinckley: A background persp...d multisensor) construct. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/Hinckley17>)     | A background perspective on touc...dal (and multisensor) construct. |
| Karin Harman James et al.: Persp...th multimodal technology. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/JamesLSCO17>)    | Perspectives on learning with multimodal technology.                |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                 |
| Johannes Buchmann et al.: The In...ptography on Mathematics. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/22/0001JW22>)       | The Influence of Public-Key Cryptography on Mathematics.            |
| Joon-Seok Kim and Carola Wenk: S... Indoor Space Footprints. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/22/0001W22>)        | Simplification of Indoor Space Footprints.                          |
| David Poole and Frank Wood: Prob...nd Deterministic Systems. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/22/0001W22a>)       | Probabilistic Programming Langua...oices and Deterministic Systems. |
| Alexander Balke and Judea Pearl:...f Counterfactual Queries. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/22/BalkeP22>)       | Probabilistic Evaluation of Counterfactual Queries.                 |
| Elias Bareinboim et al.: Recover...nd Statistical Inference. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/22/Bareinboim0P22>) | Recovering from Selection Bias in Causal and Statistical Inference. |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves all publications (papers) and their titles from the DBLP knowledge graph. It returns the IRIs of the publications and their titles, which matches the user's request. The query is efficient and follows the guidelines, with no unnecessary computation or filtering. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#>
SELECT ?paper ?title ?year ?author ?authorName WHERE {
  ?paper dblp:title ?title ; dblp:yearOfPublication ?year ; dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?author dblp:creatorName ?authorName
  }
  FILTER ( ?year <= 1940 )
}
ORDER BY ?year

This query retrieves all papers in dblp published until 1940, including their title, author IRI, author name (if available), and year of publication.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
dblp at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/dblp

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
bibtex: <http://purl.org/net/nknouf/ns/bibtex#
cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/
datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
dblp: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema#
dblps: <https://dblp.org/rdf/schema-2020-07-01#
literal: <http://purl.org/spar/literal/
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema: <http://schema.org/
terms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] All papers in dblp until 1940 with title, author name, and year of publication

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. We need all papers in the dblp knowledge graph published until 1940 (i.e., year ≤ 1940).
2. For each paper, we want:
   - Title
   - Author name(s)
   - Year of publication

First, I need to identify the relevant entity for "paper" and the properties for "title", "author", and "year of publication" in dblp. I'll start by searching for the entity representing "paper".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Michael Paper, also known as Michael Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/346/0267>)
2. Paper Hartman, also known as Paper Hartman (<https://dblp.org/pid/319/9110>)
3. Seymour Papert, also known as Seymour Papert (<https://dblp.org/pid/p/SPapert>)
4. Discussion Paper. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/scientometrics/X12a>)
5. Nicolas Papernot, also known as Nicolas Papernot (<https://dblp.org/pid/162/1405>)
6. Charles Paperman, also known as Charles Paperman (<https://dblp.org/pid/126/2968>)
7. David J. Paper, also known as David J. Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/18/6143>)
8. Denis Paperno, also known as Denis Paperno (<https://dblp.org/pid/148/8948>)
9. David P. Paper, also known as David P. Paper (<https://dblp.org/pid/38/2596>)
10. Daniel Papero, also known as Daniel Papero (<https://dblp.org/pid/224/4874>)

[Assistant]
The search for "paper" returned mostly author names and a single paper instance, but not a general class for "paper". In bibliographic ontologies, papers are often instances of a class like "Article" or "Publication".

Next, I'll search for entities like "article" or "publication" to find the general class for papers in dblp.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Article (dblp:Article): A journal article.
2. Article No., also known as Article No. (<https://dblp.org/pid/195/8360>)
3. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/X05g>)
4. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/software/X05>)
5. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xy05t>)
6. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xy05n>)
7. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xy05g>)
8. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xy05a>)
9. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xx05v>)
10. Article Summaries. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/computer/Xx05g>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Publication (dblp:Publication): A publication.
2. Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/publications>)
3. publicationNote (dblp:publicationNote): An additional note to the publication.
4. Publication Notice. (2020) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/tinstmc/X20>)
5. Publication Notice. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/simulation/X24>)
6. Publication only. (1972) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/acm/X72>)
7. IFIP Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/series/ifip>)
8. Dagstuhl Publications (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/dagstuhl>)
9. IFIP TC3/WG3.6 Publication (<https://dblp.org/streams/conf/ifip3-6>)
10. Schiettecatte: Publication notes. (1991) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/sigchi/Schiettecatte91>)

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Inproceedings (dblp:Inproceedings): A conference or workshop paper.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Book (dblp:Book): A book or a thesis.
2. Matthias Book, also known as Matthias Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/3973>)
3. books@ocg.at (<https://dblp.org/streams/series/ocg>)
4. Gerrit Book, also known as Gerrit Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/247/4452>)
5. E. Book, also known as E. Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/313/2141>)
6. Erwin Book, also known as Erwin Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/143/4976>)
7. Amy Book, also known as Amy Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/219/6190>)
8. Adam Book, also known as Adam Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/244/4099>)
9. Book Sadprasid, also known as Book Sadprasid (<https://dblp.org/pid/277/7947>)
10. Cassandra Book, also known as Cassandra Book (<https://dblp.org/pid/200/7776>)

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant]
From the searches, I found that the general classes for publications in dblp are:
- dblp:Article (journal article)
- dblp:Inproceedings (conference/workshop paper)
- dblp:Book (book or thesis)
- dblp:Publication (general publication)

To cover all types of papers, I should include at least dblp:Article, dblp:Inproceedings, and dblp:Book. Next, I need to identify the properties for title, author, and year of publication. I'll start by searching for the "title" property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. title (dblp:title): The title of the publication., Publication
2. stream title (dblp:streamTitle): A title of the stream., Stream
3. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. primary stream title (dblp:primaryStreamTitle): The primary title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
5. isbn (dblp:isbn): An International Standard Book Number., Publication, identifier
6. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
7. former stream title (dblp:formerStreamTitle): A former title of the stream., streamTitle, Stream
8. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
9. index page (dblp:indexPage): The URL of the dblp stream index page for this stream., Stream
10. document page (dblp:documentPage): The URL of the electronic edition of the publication., Publication, webpage

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. authored by (dblp:authoredBy): The publication is authored by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
2. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
3. edited by (dblp:editedBy): The publication is edited by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
4. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
5. published in book (dblp:publishedInBook): The name of the book in which the publication has been published...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
6. creator name (dblp:creatorName): The full name of the creator., Creator
7. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
8. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
9. created by (dblp:createdBy): The publication is created by the creator., Publication, Creator
10. published in book chapter (dblp:publishedInBookChapter): The chapter of the book in which the publication has been publis...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. year of event (dblp:yearOfEvent): The year the conference or workshop contribution has been presented., Publication
2. year of publication (dblp:yearOfPublication): The year the publication's issue or volume has been published., Publication
3. published in (dblp:publishedIn): The name of the series, the journal, or the book in which the pu...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
4. month of publication (dblp:monthOfPublication): The month the publication has been published., Publication
5. published by (dblp:publishedBy): The publisher of the publication. (Remark: This property current...string values until publishers are modelled as proper entities.), Publication
6. issn (dblp:issn): An International Standard Serial Number., identifier, Stream
7. title (dblp:title): The title of the publication., Publication
8. published in series (dblp:publishedInSeries): The name of the series in which the publication has been publish...journals and conference series are modelled as proper entities.), Publication, publishedIn
9. authored by (dblp:authoredBy): The publication is authored by the creator., Publication, createdBy, Creator
10. published as part of (dblp:publishedAsPartOf): The publication has been published as a part of the other publication., Publication

[Tool]
No property items found

No other items found

[Tool]
No property items found

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                | property            | object                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:subClassOf     | Publication (dblp:Publication)                  |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdf:type            | rdfs:Class                                      |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:comment        | A journal article. (en)                         |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:label          | Article (en)                                    |
| Article (dblp:Article) | owl:equivalentClass | <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Article>           |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdf:type            | owl:Class                                       |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:subClassOf     | <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/AcademicArticle> |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:subClassOf     | wd:Q13442814                                    |
| Article (dblp:Article) | rdfs:subClassOf     | <https://schema.org/Article>                    |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                     | object                                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                            | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Fabrizio Maria Maggi (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/801>) |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Wilfried Verachtert (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/6798>) |
| Albert Ali Salah et al.: Policy ...ons of the D4R Challenge. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/SalahABFMAABBBBBCIKKKKKKM0PRSSSSSTTU19>)       | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Paolo Bosetti (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/9180>)       |
| Marc Roelands et al.: The DiY Sm...t of Things Applications. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/RoelandsPMVSLCSVBHVMGRLDCFMHRNBEARTM11>)    | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Marc Roelands (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/8217>)       |
| Harald Anacker et al.: Methods f...e Design and Development. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/AnackerDFGHHHKKKK0OOPPRRRRSSSTTWXZ14>)      | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Bernd Kleinjohann (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/2717>)   |
| Marilena Alivizatou-Barakou et a...ervation and Development. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/17/Alivizatou-BarakouKTDCNKDBAPTDPPOYCHHCVMMG17>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Sotiris Manitsaris (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/1883>)  |
| Cristina Silvano et al.: The MULTICUBE Design Flow. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/11/SilvanoFPZCMBZAVYWKOTBMPVWD011>)                        | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | William Fornaciari (<https://dblp.org/pid/16/4949>)  |
| Stephen Foreman et al.: Broader ... Dental Data Integration. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/12/ForemanKBMBCPPSKWCHFHTWAMCDS12>)               | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Po-Huang Chyou (<https://dblp.org/pid/131/5974>)     |
| Russell M. Taylor II et al.: Vis...l Systems for Microscopy. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/05/TaylorBBFJJMPQSSSSWWWVGHWR05>)                 | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | David Marshburn (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/3542>)     |
| Jeremy Kepner et al.: New Phenom...e-Scale Internet Traffic. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/crc/22/KepnerCcGMMABBBH00PRRSYM22>)                  | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy) | Kenjiro Cho (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/4751>)         |
| ...                                                                                | ...                          | ...                                                  |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property           | object                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                                   | title (dblp:title) | Business Process Trends.                                            |
| Martijn Oldenhof et al.: Industr...rning for Drug Discovery. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/aaai/OldenhofAPSHSDF23>)                                     | title (dblp:title) | Industry-Scale Orchestrated Federated Learning for Drug Discovery.  |
| Wenhui Li et al.: Monocular Image Based 3D Model Retrieval. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/LiLNSLWXZBCCCDD19>)                                      | title (dblp:title) | Monocular Image Based 3D Model Retrieval.                           |
| Sastri Kota et al.: INGR Satellite Roadmap - 2022 Edition. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/5gwf/KotaGAA0BCDDCDD22>)                                       | title (dblp:title) | INGR Satellite Roadmap - 2022 Edition.                              |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)         | title (dblp:title) | Data Science in Healthcare: Benefits, Challenges and Opportunities. |
| Artur Binczewski et al.: Polish ... Worldwide LHC Computing. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/plgrid2012/BinczewskiBCDFFGIKLLLMMMNOOPPPRRSSSSTWWWW12>) | title (dblp:title) | Polish Contribution to the Worldwide LHC Computing.                 |
| Albert Ali Salah et al.: Policy ...ons of the D4R Challenge. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/SalahABFMAABBBBBCIKKKKKKM0PRSSSSSTTU19>)              | title (dblp:title) | Policy Implications of the D4R Challenge.                           |
| Emanuele Rodolà et al.: Deformab...ieval with Missing Parts. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/RodolaCLBBAHBCD17>)                                     | title (dblp:title) | Deformable Shape Retrieval with Missing Parts.                      |
| Andreas Alexopoulos et al.: Big ...Ricerche FIAT (CRF) Case. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/22/AlexopoulosBBBCCDEFGIJKKKKLMMMMRRSSSSSSVV22>)         | title (dblp:title) | Big Data Analytics in the Manufa...Centro Ricerche FIAT (CRF) Case. |
| Christoph Mertens et al.: A Fram...strial Data Space (EIDS). (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/22/MertensALPBNRITTTMFCGGLCSNMVS0RHLZ0SP22>)             | title (dblp:title) | A Framework for Big Data Soverei...an Industrial Data Space (EIDS). |
| ...                                                                                | ...                | ...                                                                 |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object           |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ---------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                                   | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2015 (xsd:gYear) |
| Martijn Oldenhof et al.: Industr...rning for Drug Discovery. (2023) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/aaai/OldenhofAPSHSDF23>)                                     | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2023 (xsd:gYear) |
| Wenhui Li et al.: Monocular Image Based 3D Model Retrieval. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/LiLNSLWXZBCCCDD19>)                                      | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2019 (xsd:gYear) |
| Sastri Kota et al.: INGR Satellite Roadmap - 2022 Edition. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/5gwf/KotaGAA0BCDDCDD22>)                                       | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2022 (xsd:gYear) |
| Artur Binczewski et al.: Polish ... Worldwide LHC Computing. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/plgrid2012/BinczewskiBCDFFGIKLLLMMMNOOPPPRRSSSSTWWWW12>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2012 (xsd:gYear) |
| Emanuele Rodolà et al.: Deformab...ieval with Missing Parts. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/RodolaCLBBAHBCD17>)                                     | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2017 (xsd:gYear) |
| Scott L. Fleming et al.: MedAlig...ectronic Medical Records. (2024) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/aaai/FlemingLHJRTBGS24>)                                     | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2024 (xsd:gYear) |
| Marc Roelands et al.: The DiY Sm...t of Things Applications. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/RoelandsPMVSLCSVBHVMGRLDCFMHRNBEARTM11>)           | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2011 (xsd:gYear) |
| Ioannis Pratikakis et al.: Parti... for 3D Object Retrieval. (2016) (<https://dblp.org/rec/conf/3dor/PratikakisSAIKT16>)                                     | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2016 (xsd:gYear) |
| Harald Anacker et al.: Methods f...e Design and Development. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/AnackerDFGHHHKKKK0OOPPRRRRSSSTTWXZ14>)             | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 2014 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...              |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                               | property                       | object               |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------------- |
| Allen Newell (<https://dblp.org/pid/01/4946>)         | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Allen Newell         |
| Linda R. Petzold (<https://dblp.org/pid/03/3669>)     | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Linda R. Petzold     |
| Arthur Charpentier (<https://dblp.org/pid/03/7886>)   | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Arthur Charpentier   |
| Alex Pappachen James (<https://dblp.org/pid/03/8462>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Alex James           |
| Desheng Dash Wu (<https://dblp.org/pid/03/394>)       | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Desheng Dash Wu      |
| Michael Ley (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/1>)             | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Michael Ley          |
| Siegfried Selberherr (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/6076>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Siegfried Selberherr |
| Kevin Warwick (<https://dblp.org/pid/04/2872>)        | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Kevin Warwick        |
| Mihai Patrascu (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/1613>)       | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Mihai Patrascu       |
| Eelco Visser (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/5705>)         | creatorname (dblp:creatorName) | Eelco Visser         |
| ...                                                   | ...                            | ...                  |

[Tool]
Got 65,536 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                   | object                                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Mark von Rosing et al.: Business Process Trends. (2015) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/15/RosingSetal15>)                                            | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Fabrizio Maria Maggi (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/801>) |
| Ziawasch Abedjan et al.: Data Sc...lenges and Opportunities. (2019) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/19/AbedjanBCCCCSCDGHHKKLSMMMAAPRGKRRRSSSTVVW19>)  | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Wilfried Verachtert (<https://dblp.org/pid/06/6798>) |
| Marc Roelands et al.: The DiY Sm...t of Things Applications. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/RoelandsPMVSLCSVBHVMGRLDCFMHRNBEARTM11>)    | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Marc Roelands (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/8217>)       |
| Harald Anacker et al.: Methods f...e Design and Development. (2014) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/daglib/p/AnackerDFGHHHKKKK0OOPPRRRRSSSTTWXZ14>)      | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Bernd Kleinjohann (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/2717>)   |
| Marilena Alivizatou-Barakou et a...ervation and Development. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/17/Alivizatou-BarakouKTDCNKDBAPTDPPOYCHHCVMMG17>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Sotiris Manitsaris (<https://dblp.org/pid/05/1883>)  |
| Cristina Silvano et al.: The MULTICUBE Design Flow. (2011) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/11/SilvanoFPZCMBZAVYWKOTBMPVWD011>)                        | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | William Fornaciari (<https://dblp.org/pid/16/4949>)  |
| Stephen Foreman et al.: Broader ... Dental Data Integration. (2012) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/12/ForemanKBMBCPPSKWCHFHTWAMCDS12>)               | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Po-Huang Chyou (<https://dblp.org/pid/131/5974>)     |
| Russell M. Taylor II et al.: Vis...l Systems for Microscopy. (2005) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/el/05/TaylorBBFJJMPQSSSSWWWVGHWR05>)                 | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | David Marshburn (<https://dblp.org/pid/00/3542>)     |
| Jeremy Kepner et al.: New Phenom...e-Scale Internet Traffic. (2022) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/crc/22/KepnerCcGMMABBBH00PRRSYM22>)                  | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Kenjiro Cho (<https://dblp.org/pid/02/4751>)         |
| Giuseppe Amato et al.: How Data ...ata Base to Data Science. (2018) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/sp/18/AmatoCCEFGGMNPPPPRRRR0T18>)                    | createdBy (dblp:createdBy) | Luca Pappalardo (<https://dblp.org/pid/125/4098>)    |
| ...                                                                                | ...                        | ...                                                  |

[Tool] Got no rows and 6 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 6 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| paper                                                                                | title                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Marc Rettig: The no-nonsense guide to computing careers. (1992) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/0082477>)                | The no-nonsense guide to computing careers.                         |
| Philip R. Cohen and Sharon L. Ov...peech and pen interfaces. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/CohenO17>)        | Multimodal speech and pen interfaces.                               |
| Euan Freeman et al.: Multimodal ..., and their applications. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/FreemanWVNPB17>)  | Multimodal feedback in HCI: hapt...h audio, and their applications. |
| Ken Hinckley: A background persp...d multisensor) construct. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/Hinckley17>)      | A background perspective on touc...dal (and multisensor) construct. |
| Karin Harman James et al.: Persp...th multimodal technology. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/JamesLSCO17>)     | Perspectives on learning with multimodal technology.                |
| Anthony Jameson and Per Ola Kris...porting modality choices. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/JamesonK17>)      | Understanding and supporting modality choices.                      |
| Karin Harman James et al.: The i...rain activation patterns. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/JamesVM17>)       | The impact of multimodal-multise...e and brain activation patterns. |
| Athanasios Katsamanis et al.: Mu...odal gesture recognition. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/KatsamanisPTM17>) | Multimodal gesture recognition.                                     |
| Stefan Kopp and Kirsten Bergmann...h and gesture production. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/KoppB17>)         | Using cognitive models to unders...r speech and gesture production. |
| Karon E. MacLean et al.: Multise...nse and designing for it. (2017) (<https://dblp.org/rec/books/acm/17/MacLeanSS17>)     | Multisensory haptic interactions... the sense and designing for it. |

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| year             |
| ---------------- |
| 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1937 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1938 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1939 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1940 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...              |
| 1951 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1952 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1953 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1954 (xsd:gYear) |
| 1955 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| paper                                                                                | title                                                               | year             |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| C. I. Lewis: Emch's Calculus and Strict Implication. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Lewis36>)           | Emch's Calculus and Strict Implication.                             | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Alonzo Church: Correction to <i>...Entscheidungsproblem</i>. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36a>) | Correction to A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem.                   | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| J. Barkley Rosser: Extensions of...rems of Gödel and Church. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Rosser36a>) | Extensions of Some Theorems of Gödel and Church.                    | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>)            | A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem.                                 | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Curt John Ducasse: List of Offic...ation for Symbolic Logic. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Ducasse36>) | List of Officers and Members of the Association for Symbolic Logic. | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Arnold F. Emch: Addendum to the ...ion and Deducibility</i>. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Emch36a>)   | Addendum to the Article Implication and Deducibility.               | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| J. Barkley Rosser: Constructibil... Criterion for Existence. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Rosser36>)  | Constructibility as a Criterion for Existence.                      | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Willard Van Orman Quine: Toward a Calculus of Concepts. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Quine36>)        | Toward a Calculus of Concepts.                                      | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Willard Van Orman Quine: Set-The...ic Foundations for Logic. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Quine36a>)  | Set-Theoretic Foundations for Logic.                                | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Frederic Brenton Fitch: A System... to the Curry W Operator. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Fitch36>)   | A System of Formal Logic Without...nalogue to the Curry W Operator. | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool] Got no rows and 4 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 4 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| paper                                                                                | title                                                               | year             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| C. I. Lewis: Emch's Calculus and Strict Implication. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Lewis36>)             | Emch's Calculus and Strict Implication.                             | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Alonzo Church: Correction to <i>...Entscheidungsproblem</i>. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36a>)   | Correction to A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem.                   | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| J. Barkley Rosser: Extensions of...rems of Gödel and Church. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Rosser36a>)   | Extensions of Some Theorems of Gödel and Church.                    | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>)              | A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem.                                 | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| Curt John Ducasse: List of Offic...ation for Symbolic Logic. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Ducasse36>)   | List of Officers and Members of the Association for Symbolic Logic. | 1936 (xsd:gYear) |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                 | ...              |
| Raphael M. Robinson: The Theory ... of Von Neumann's System. (1937) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Robinson37>)  | The Theory of Classes a Modification of Von Neumann's System.       | 1937 (xsd:gYear) |
| Susanne K. Langer: Second Meetin...ation for Symbolic Logic. (1937) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Langer37>)    | Second Meeting of the Association for Symbolic Logic.               | 1937 (xsd:gYear) |
| Willard Van Orman Quine: On Cantor's Theorem. (1937) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Quine37a>)                   | On Cantor's Theorem.                                                | 1937 (xsd:gYear) |
| Alan M. Turing: The <i>p</i>-Function in λ-K-Conversion. (1937) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Turing37a>)       | The p-Function in λ-K-Conversion.                                   | 1937 (xsd:gYear) |
| B. A. Bernstein: Remark on Nicod...rincipia Mathematica</i>. (1937) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Bernstein37>) | Remark on Nicod's Reduction of Principia Mathematica.               | 1937 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool]
Got 30 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                                                                | property                                   | object                                                                    |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | hasSignature (dblp:hasSignature)           | _:bn28674161                                                              |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | createdBy (dblp:createdBy)                 | Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>)                            |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | authoredBy (dblp:authoredBy)               | Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>)                            |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | publishedInStream (dblp:publishedInStream) | The Journal of Symbolic Logic (<https://dblp.org/streams/journals/jsyml>) |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | documentPage (dblp:documentPage)           | <http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.jsl/1183142088>                          |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | bibtexType (dblp:bibtexType)               | bibtex:Article                                                            |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | numberOfCreators (dblp:numberOfCreators)   | 1 (xsd:int)                                                               |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | title (dblp:title)                         | A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem.                                       |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | yearOfPublication (dblp:yearOfPublication) | 1936 (xsd:gYear)                                                          |
| Alonzo Church: A Note on the Entscheidungsproblem. (1936) (<https://dblp.org/rec/journals/jsyml/Church36>) | listedOnTocPage (dblp:listedOnTocPage)     | <https://dblp.org/db/journals/jsyml/jsyml1>                               |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                        | ...                                                                       |

[Tool]
Got 27 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                        | property                                     | object                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | creatorname (dblp:creatorName)               | Alonzo Church                                 |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | primaryCreatorName (dblp:primaryCreatorName) | Alonzo Church                                 |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | wikidata (dblp:wikidata)                     | wd:Q92741                                     |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://dl.acm.org/profile/81309513577>      |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | wikipedia (dblp:wikipedia)                   | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonzo_Church> |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | rdf:type                                     | Creator (dblp:Creator)                        |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | datacite:hasIdentifier                       | _:bn14294426                                  |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | rdfs:label                                   | Alonzo Church                                 |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | owl:sameAs                                   | <http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1458233>         |
| Alonzo Church (<https://dblp.org/pid/96/6427>) | webpage (dblp:webpage)                       | <https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=8011>    |
| ...                                            | ...                                          | ...                                           |

[Assistant]
I have now confirmed the relevant properties and structure for retrieving papers until 1940 in dblp:

- Papers have properties: dblp:title, dblp:yearOfPublication, dblp:authoredBy (or dblp:createdBy).
- Authors have property: dblp:creatorName.

The correct approach is to:
- Select papers with dblp:yearOfPublication ≤ 1940.
- Retrieve their titles, years, and authors (with author names).

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?paper ?title ?year ?author ?authorName WHERE {
  ?paper dblp:title ?title ;
         dblp:yearOfPublication ?year ;
         dblp:authoredBy ?author .
  OPTIONAL { ?author dblp:creatorName ?authorName }
  FILTER (?year <= 1940)
}
ORDER BY ?year
```

This will return all papers in dblp until 1940, with their title, author IRI, author name (if available), and year of publication.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-formed and correctly implements the user's requirements: it retrieves all papers published until 1940, including their title, author IRI, author name (optionally), and year of publication. The query uses the correct properties and follows best practices by making the author name optional. The lack of results is likely due to the contents of the dblp knowledge graph, not an issue with the query itself. No further refinement is needed.